CN108640628B

CN108640628B - Haematitum zeolite perlite phase change intelligent board

Info

Publication number: CN108640628B
Application number: CN201810484398.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡春宇; 胡宏宇; 胡世安; 赵克凡; 张志刚; 杨志军; 郑志军
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2018-05-19
Filing date: 2018-05-19
Publication date: 2021-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-19
Also published as: CN108640628A

Abstract

The invention relates to a building material, in particular to an ocher zeolite perlite phase change intelligent board which comprises the following components in parts by weight: preparing a shaped composite phase change material by using n-decanoic acid and tetradecanol as phase change materials and expanded perlite as a matrix and adopting a capillary adsorption method; hematite powder is used as a main material, tourmaline powder and zeolite powder are used as functional materials, and carbon fiber is used as a strengthening body to prepare slurry; mixing the slurry with the composite phase-change material, and performing compression molding; the intelligent material solves the problem of liquid phase leakage of the phase-change material, has the advantages of reduced integral equivalent heat conductivity coefficient, reduced heat storage coefficient and increased thermal inertia coefficient, reaches the national standard, and has the functions of diluting harmful gas, degrading radon, killing insects and bacteria, insulating sound, absorbing sound, adjusting temperature and humidity, preventing water and fire, protecting against radiation, and permanently releasing negative ions and far infrared rays. The material can be cut, sawed and directly used, is simple and convenient to construct, can be widely used for heat preservation and heat insulation of the inside and the outside of architectural decoration roofs and walls, and can also be used for heat insulation and heat preservation of heat pipelines and equipment in industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, electric power, metallurgy and the like.

Description

Haematitum zeolite perlite phase change intelligent board

Technical Field

The invention relates to a building material ocher zeolite perlite phase change intelligent board; the phase-change intelligent perlite and zeolite fiber heat-insulating board comprises an external wall board, an internal wall board, a floor board, a ceiling board, a roof board, a curved plate and an arc panel.

Background

The concept of smart materials was introduced in the 80's of the 20 th century. The intelligent material is defined as a material integrating perception, driving and information processing into a whole, having intelligent properties like a biological material, and having functions of self-perception, self-diagnosis, self-adaptation, self-repair and the like. As one of intelligent materials, a phase change energy storage material, called PCM for short, can absorb heat (cold) of the environment and release the heat (cold) to the environment when needed in the phase change process, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the ambient temperature. The phase-change material is utilized to realize the storage and utilization of energy, is beneficial to developing energy-saving and environment-friendly composite materials, and is one of the leading research directions in the field of building materials in recent years; the low-carbon building and green functional material is the development direction in the future, and the phase-change intelligent wall material has the green and environment-friendly functions of energy conservation and heat preservation, is one of new hotspots of the current international green building material research, and has wide application prospect.

Along with the rapid development of economy, the level of urbanization construction is improved in China, a large number of newly-built residential buildings and commercial buildings rise, the total energy consumption of the buildings also rises year by year, the proportion of the total energy consumption of the buildings is improved to 27.45% from 10% of the total energy consumption of the last 70 th century, and generally, the total energy consumption of the buildings in developed countries generally accounts for about 33% of the total energy consumption. Based on the conclusion, research of science and technology department of the national Ministry of construction shows that the proportion of the building energy consumption of China is increased to about 35 percent of the total energy consumption in the future. Meanwhile, the proportion of high-energy-consumption buildings in China is large, the number of new buildings which can reach the energy-saving standard is small, and the energy consumption of unit building area is 2 to 5 times higher than that of developed countries with similar climatic conditions. For example, in developed countries with similar day number of Beijing heating degree, the newly built building has the previous heating energy consumption of 300 kW.h/m per year²The left and right are reduced to about 100 kW.h/m²The future can be further reduced to 30-50 kW.h/m²On the left and right, the huge consumption of building energy consumption seriously restricts the sustainable and healthy development of the economic society of China. Worrying about that China also has the phenomena of low building energy-saving level and serious building energy waste. The sampling survey of the heating energy consumption of northern centralized residences shows that the actual annual heating energy consumption of the unit building area in China is 22-48 kg of standard coal/m²Even if the requirement of saving energy by 50 percent is met, the energy consumption index of the heating system is 3.7-8.6 kg of standard coal/m in the same dimension in Germany 2001²Much larger. The energy problem is not only the sustainable utilization of energy, but also a series of problems about national economic development, ecological protection, sustainable construction and the like. For the current situations of the shortage of non-renewable energy sources, urgent need for optimization of energy source structures, ecological environment pollution, low energy utilization rate and the like in China, a sustainable development strategy can be implemented only by continuously developing renewable new energy sources, optimizing the energy source structures, improving the energy utilization rate and accelerating the development of energy source science and technology, so that the aims of energy conservation and emission reduction are fulfilled, and a novel green and low-carbon society is constructed.

From the content of building energy consumption, the building energy consumption mainly comprises: the energy consumption of production and transportation of materials and equipment, the energy consumption of construction and the energy consumption of building operation during building construction. The energy consumption of building operation is mainly used for temperature and humidity control meeting indoor comfort, which accounts for about 80% of total energy consumption of the building, the building enclosure structure is a main component of a building body and is a main body in contact with the external environment, and the heat loss of the building is mainly exchanged through the building enclosure structure, so that the heat transfer characteristic of the building enclosure structure has important influence on building energy conservation. In order to achieve the aim of reducing building energy consumption and improving building energy efficiency utilization rate, the method comprises the following steps: the building enclosure structure is insulated by heat preservation, so that the heat transmitted from the enclosure structure to the indoor from the outside and the heat dissipated from the enclosure structure from the indoor are reduced, and the fluctuation of the indoor temperature is weakened; secondly, adjusting indoor temperature and humidity by utilizing new energy and adopting a mode of combining solar energy and a traditional air conditioner; and thirdly, selecting a novel building material, delaying and weakening indoor temperature fluctuation by using a thermal inertia material or doping some energy storage materials into the building envelope to store certain heat, and solving the problem of unbalance of energy supply and use in space and time. For example, a Phase Change Materials (PCM) can be added into a traditional building material and a building envelope to manufacture building components (wall panels, walls, roofs, and the like) with certain specifications, so as to achieve the purpose of energy conservation. Such Materials are commonly referred to as Phase Change Building Materials (PCBM).

Definition of phase change energy storage material: the heat can be stored in three modes of sensible heat, latent heat and chemical reaction, wherein the sensible heat storage is the most common mode and is relatively easy to realize, but the heat storage density is low; the heat energy density of chemical reaction energy storage is large, but the reaction process is complex and difficult to control or the conditions are harsh; compared with the former two, latent heat energy storage has the advantages of large energy storage density, constant temperature control, easy control and the like, and is a heat storage mode which is researched and applied more at present. Phase change energy storage materials are broadly defined as materials that store heat absorbed or released during phase state transitions. During the phase transition, the temperature remains constant and can be approximated as an isothermal process. The phase change process of the phase change material is mainly latent heat energy storage, the phase change material has the advantages of small volume change, large energy storage density, easily controlled process, repeated utilization for many times, improved heat efficiency, coordination of unbalance or unevenness of supply and demand of heat energy in time space or strength and the like, so that the phase change material is widely applied to the fields of utilization of clean energy such as solar energy and the like, electric power peak regulation, waste heat recovery, load balance of air conditioning heating in buildings and the like, and a new technology based on the phase change material is called as a phase change energy storage technology.

Classification of phase change energy storage materials:

from the viewpoint of the chemical composition of the material, the phase change material can be classified into an organic phase change material and an inorganic phase change material. The organic phase change material absorbs and releases heat by utilizing the transformation of a crystal form and the transformation of a high molecular branched chain at different temperatures, typically comprises acetic acid, paraffin, a high molecular compound and the like, and has the advantages of good solid forming, no over-cooling (or low supercooling degree), difficult phase separation, stable thermal property, low heat conductivity coefficient, easy leakage in use, and the like, and the heat conduction is enhanced by adding carbon additives such as expanded graphite, carbon nano tubes, activated carbon and the like and metal additives and designing a heat exchanger or packaging to prevent the leakage; the inorganic phase-change material comprises crystalline hydrated salt, molten salt, metal and the like, wherein the most typical crystalline hydrated salt has wide application range, lower price, higher heat conductivity coefficient than organic type, and larger heat storage density per unit volume, but has the phenomena of supercooling and phase separation, and the phenomena of phase separation and supercooling can be inhibited by adding a nucleating agent, a thickening agent and the like. The phase transition temperature range is divided into three categories, namely normal low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature. The normal low temperature (minus 50-90 ℃) is mainly applied to the fields of building facilities, daily life application, solar energy storage, heat load and the like, the medium temperature (90-400 ℃) is mainly applied to the fields of solar power generation, mobile heat storage technology and the like, and the high temperature (above 400 ℃) is mainly applied to the fields of small-power stations, photovoltaic power generation, industrial waste heat recovery and the like. From the phase change form, the phase change material can be divided into solid-solid, solid-liquid, solid-gas and liquid-gas phase change. The solid-gas phase-change material has small volume change in the phase change process, low requirement on a container, less varieties, high price and few applications, and the solid-liquid phase-change material with large latent heat, small volume change, no toxicity and no corrosion is most widely applied; the refining heat of the paraffin is large, the phase change latent heat is about between 160 and 270kJ/g, the phase change temperature of the paraffin is adjustable, the thermal stability is good, and the supercooling phenomenon does not exist; lauric acid, capric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and the like in the fatty acid are applied more frequently, several kinds of fatty acids are required to be compounded to form a binary or multielement phase-change material so as to widen the application temperature of the fatty acid, the phase-change thermal property of the fatty acid is equivalent to that of paraffin, the phase-change latent heat and temperature change of the fatty acid are small in long-term thermal cycle, and the thermal cycle stability is good.

Summary of phase change energy storage building materials: in the field of building energy conservation, the application of the phase-change material can not only reduce the heat transfer coefficient and the heat conductivity coefficient of the building enclosure and enhance the heat preservation capability of the building, but also save the energy consumption of a heating air conditioner, reduce the self weight of the wall body and thin the wall body. The phase change building material with light weight and high heat capacity is prepared by combining the phase change material with a common building material, energy is stored in the material in a latent heat mode, the heat inertia of the building enclosure structure can be increased, indoor temperature fluctuation is slowed down, the indoor comfort level is improved, the phase change building material can be combined with an air conditioner, a ventilation heating system and other systems, peak valley electricity is fully utilized to operate the air conditioner or a heating system, the contradiction that the energy supply and demand are not matched in time is relieved, the capacity of heating air conditioning equipment is reduced, and the use of the heating air conditioning equipment and the consumption of carbon-containing energy are reduced. The phase-change material is liquid in the process of storing and releasing heat and has fluidity. In order to keep the phase change material stable and not leak to the outside, some carrier material is commonly used to contain and protect it. The carrier material has a high melting point, can keep solid state without deformation in the phase change process of the phase change material, has stable physical and chemical properties, and has sufficient surface-volume ratio and good sealing property; then, the phase change material has good compatibility with the phase change material, no chemical reaction occurs, and no toxicity or corrosion exists; finally, the method has good economy and long service life. The phase-change material is combined with the carrier material by a certain method to prepare the composite phase-change energy storage material. Although the solid-liquid phase change still occurs in the composite material, the solid-liquid phase change can be approximately regarded as the solid-solid phase change because the carrier keeps the solid state all the time and the liquid phase change material can be ensured not to leak, and the defect of liquid fluidity is solved.

The phase change material is combined with a building material to solve the problem of application of phase change energy storage in buildings, and the following methods are mainly adopted: direct mixing method: i.e. phase change materials are directly incorporated into building materials. The method is simple and feasible in industrial control, and can control the addition amount of the phase-change material. However, the phase-change material is easy to leak in a liquid state and is easy to be separated from the building material after a long time, so that the durability and the heat storage capacity of the phase-change energy storage building material are influenced. The soaking method comprises the following steps: i.e. porous building materials are directly immersed in phase change materials in liquid phase, such as plasterboard and the like. The method has the advantages of low economic cost and easy operation, and has the defects of easy exudation of the phase-change material during phase change, long preparation period and small amount of the phase-change material blended in. Microcapsule method: the microcapsule method is characterized in that a solid or liquid material is encapsulated by a film forming material, is dispersed by a physical or chemical method to form spherical micro particles with the diameter of l-300 mu m, and then is coated to form a core/shell structure. Zhang et al prepared phase-change slurry by injecting phase-change microcapsules with fatty acid as core material into expanded clay by vacuum injection method, and measured that the heat storage capacity of the slurry is almost 10 times higher than that of common slurry. A capillary adsorption method: namely, a porous material with high porosity and large specific surface area is used as a carrier, and a liquid phase-change material is absorbed into micropores of the porous material through capillary action, so that the novel composite phase-change energy storage material is prepared. When solid-liquid phase change occurs, the liquid phase change material is difficult to overflow from the micropores due to the capillary action of the micropores, and the problem of leakage of the liquid phase change material is solved. The carrier material generally has rich layered structure and porous structure, large specific surface area, strong adsorption force, obvious advantages in the aspects of pore shape, pore-to-pore connectivity, pore size distribution and the like, low cost and easy obtainment, and common porous materials mainly comprise expanded graphite, expanded perlite, expanded diatomite, porous concrete, foam metal and the like. The method has short preparation period and more phase-change materials, but needs special processing places. The Zhangguo and the like take paraffin as a phase-change material and expanded graphite as a carrier material, the paraffin/expanded graphite composite phase-change material is prepared by utilizing the porous adsorption characteristic of the expanded graphite, and the test result of the heat storage (discharge) performance shows that: the heat storage time of the composite phase-change heat storage material containing 80% of paraffin is reduced by 69.7% compared with that of the paraffin, and the heat release time is reduced by 80.2%.

The application of the domestic and foreign phase change energy storage in building energy conservation:

(1) phase change window: in heat exchanged between the building enclosure structure in unit area and the external environment, the doors and windows occupy the largest proportion, so that the reduction of the heat transfer quantity of the doors and windows (especially glass doors and windows) has important significance for stabilizing the indoor temperature and reducing the energy consumption. Small et al have designed a double glazing with a phase change energy storage material in the middle, which gradually solidifies and releases latent heat when the temperature drops to the solidification phase change temperature of the phase change material, thereby retarding the drop in indoor temperature. The experimental result shows that the double-layer glass window filled with the phase-change material in the middle has better heat preservation and heat insulation effects than the same kind of glass window filled with air. However, the phase change window firstly considers the problem of transparency, and although the existing phase change material can achieve better transparency when being in a liquid state, the clarity is still insufficient compared with the common glass window;

(2) phase change wall body: the phase-change wall body is mainly formed by compounding a proper phase-change material and building materials such as gypsum. The wall body can fully absorb the solar radiation in the daytime or store heat and energy by utilizing the off-peak electricity at night, thereby reducing the heating or refrigerating load of the building, reducing the indoor temperature fluctuation and improving the indoor environment comfort level. Athienitis et al designed an outdoor full-sized test chamber lined with 25% (WT) butyl stearate gypsum board, and performed non-one-dimensional linear numerical simulation of temperature change on the gypsum board test chamber, and the results showed that the PCM gypsum board test chamber could reduce the indoor maximum temperature by 4 ℃ during the day. Shenyang architecture university's von national institute et al soaks building material in liquid phase change material prepares phase change building material, tests the phase change room under northeast climate environment, and the experimental result shows: the phase change room has strong latent heat storage capacity, can store heat in the electricity valley period and release the stored heat in the electricity peak period; the heat flux density and the temperature change amplitude of the phase-change wall body are obviously smaller than those of a common wall body;

(3) phase change roofing: in the south where the temperature is hot in summer, the phase change material is added into the roof, the roof absorbs heat in the daytime and plays a role in heat insulation, and the heat is released and the cold is stored by combining with natural ventilation at night, so that the temperature of the inner surface of the enclosure structure is reduced. Zhang Yoghua designs a phase-change roof brick, and the phase-change roof brick is laid into a phase-change roof, then is subjected to a heat insulation performance test, and is compared and analyzed with an uninsulated roof, a polyphenyl plate heat insulation roof and a greening roof. The test result shows that the use of the phase-change roof brick obviously increases the heat insulation of the roof, and the heat insulation capability of the roof brick is equivalent to that of a green roof and higher than that of a polystyrene board heat insulation roof. Kosny et al have built a natural ventilation roof with photovoltaic modules, where the phase change material acts as a heat sink, releasing solar energy absorbed during the day at night in winter, and reducing the heat load of the attic in summer. Through year-round testing, the system can reduce the heat load by 30 percent and the cold load by 55 percent, and the peak value of the heat of the roof in the daytime is reduced by 90 percent;

fourth, phase change floor: the phase change floor is mainly used for heating in winter. Research shows that in order to meet the thermal comfort of human bodies, the phase-change material with the phase-change temperature of 29 ℃ can be combined with building materials such as concrete to prepare the heating floor. The literature has developed floor radiant heating systems using modular PCM that use off-peak electrical heating for energy storage for room heating. The result shows that the upper and lower surface temperatures of the shaped PCM are around the phase transition temperature (32 +/-1 ℃) in most of time, so that high heat transfer efficiency can be ensured, the indoor air temperature is 21-25 ℃, the humidity fluctuation is small, and the thermal comfort is good. Hokoi and the like apply phase-change materials to floors, solar energy is used as a heat source, a room heat transfer physical model of the phase-change floors is established, factors influencing the room thermal environment are comparatively analyzed, the heat storage and release process of the phase-change floors is researched, and the optimal using amount of the phase-change materials is obtained.

Novel phase change energy storage building material:

(1) phase change concrete: the energy storage building material is formed by directly mixing a phase change material and concrete, is low in cost, and can be approximately regarded as isothermal energy storage in the energy storage process. The phase-change concrete can be used for preparing a phase-change wall body, is beneficial to reducing indoor temperature fluctuation and peak value, improving thermal comfort and reducing air-conditioning heating energy consumption; the phase-change temperature-control concrete can be applied to mass concrete, can effectively reduce the temperature rise rate of the concrete during cement hydration, delay the time of temperature peak, and solve the early cracking phenomenon caused by overlarge temperature gradient due to the fact that cement hydration heat is not dissipated in time. Hawes considers the corrosivity of inorganic phase change materials to concrete, and measures such as autoclaved curing, volcanic ash addition and the like are adopted to improve the SO resistance of the concrete₄ ^2-And Cl^-The heat storage capacity of the phase change concrete block can be improved by 2 times by combining the improved phase change material. Lecompte prepares the phase-change concrete with the volume fraction of the phase-change microcapsule being 0-30% and tests the thermal physical property and the mechanical property of the phase-change concrete, and the results show that: physically, PCM particles appear as cavities in concrete mixtures; thermodynamically, the PCM particles are dispersed spherical particles, and the increase of the phase-change microcapsules in the mixture can increase the thermal inertia of the concrete and reduce the thermal penetration depth of the concrete;

(2) phase change mortar: the phase change material is directly mixed into the mortar or plaster to prepare the phase change mortar with energy storage capacity. Franqet prepares phase change mortar containing phase change microcapsules, and the thermal diffusion coefficient of the phase change mortar is determined to be 150Wm through experimental tests and a method for calculating simulation phase verification^-2K^-1Thermal conductivity of 0.55Wm^-1K^-1. Shadniat was tested for compressive strength by incorporating phase change materials into the geopolymer mortar, observing SEM and DSC results, which showed that incorporation of PCM slightly reduced the density and compressive strength of the mortar, but resulted from incorporation of PCMThe heat storage performance of the building energy-saving heat storage device is enhanced, and the building energy-saving heat storage device still has wide application prospect in the field of building energy conservation. The German Pasteur company carries out 'particle packaging' on paraffin, then the paraffin is mixed with cement to prepare phase change mortar, the phase change mortar is smeared on an inner wall, and the heat storage capacity of the phase change mortar can reach 10 times of that of a common brick-wood structure;

(3) phase change gypsum board: the phase-change gypsum board is a phase-change building material formed by combining a phase-change material with a common gypsum board by a dipping or direct preparation method, and is generally used as an inner wall material of an outer wall. Feldmann et al prepared phase change gypsum panels using two different methods: one is to immerse ordinary gypsum board in liquid phase-change material for sufficient absorption; the other method is that the phase-change material is mixed with gypsum powder in the gypsum board manufacturing process, and then DSC analysis shows that the phase-change material of the phase-change gypsum board manufactured by the phase-change material is more uniformly distributed. Adsorbing liquid paraffin with ceramsite and soaking in Ca²⁺The solution is encapsulated and then is uniformly mixed with gypsum powder according to a certain proportion to prepare the gypsum board, and the result shows that the addition of the phase-change material can obviously improve the energy storage density of the gypsum board and prolong the heat storage time of the gypsum board;

(4) phase change heat preservation and insulation material: the phase-change heat-insulating material is prepared by doping a phase-change material into the heat-insulating material, is commonly used in an outer protective structure of an energy-saving building, and is one of the fields which are most concerned in the field of building energy conservation in recent years. The phase-change material is doped into the light heat-insulating material, so that the heat storage capacity of the heat-insulating material is improved, the thermal stability of the heat-insulating material is improved, the thermal inertia of the heat-insulating material is improved, and the properties of the material, such as strength, bonding capacity, durability and the like, are not greatly influenced. Ceron made the phase change material into ceramic tile, and the comparative test with the ceramic tile that does not add phase change material, the test result shows: the temperature change amplitude of the floor surface of the ceramic tile using the phase change material is 4 ℃, the temperature change amplitude of the floor surface without the phase change material is 10 ℃, and the phase change ceramic tile can obviously reduce the temperature of the floor surface.

The research on the thermophysical properties of the phase change energy storage building material comprises the following steps:

the heat conductivity coefficient of cement boards with the contents of 1%, 3% and 5% of Eddhahahk-Ouni phase change materials is tested and found: the heat conductivity coefficients of the cement boards with different phase change material contents are basically kept unchanged, but the heat conductivity coefficients of the cement boards with different phase change material contents slowly increase along with the temperature, and the average heat conductivity coefficient tested by a common cement board is about 1.99Wm^-1K^-1The standard deviation is about 6%; and the heat conductivity coefficient after the cold and hot circulation is accelerated maintains a stable value. Li Yue et al respectively tested the thermal conductivity of the phase change gypsum board using a guarded hot plate method and a transient planar heat source method, and found that the thermal conductivity decreased with the increase of the content of the phase change material, and that the thermal conductivity was the greatest when the initial temperature was tested in the phase change region because the phase change material was in a liquid state, the convection effect was enhanced. The prepared active carbon energy storage aggregate is doped into concrete to replace pebbles and river sand in the concrete to prepare the phase change concrete, and the result shows that: the addition of the activated carbon energy storage aggregate improves the heat storage capacity of the concrete, and the DSC test shows that the specific heat capacity of the prepared phase change concrete is obviously improved compared with that of the common concrete, and 12 percent of graphite is added in the preparation process of the concrete to improve the heat conductivity coefficient of the phase change concrete, so that the heat conductivity coefficient of the phase change concrete reaches 1.55W/(m.k). Zhangdong et al firstly prepares phase change energy storage aggregate, and then mixes the phase change energy storage aggregate with building materials such as cement, sand and the like to prepare the phase change energy storage concrete; the influence of the geometrical characteristics of the pore structure of the porous matrix material on the absorption and storage of the liquid phase change material in the porous material is researched, and the result shows that the porous matrix material with high porosity, good internal communication of the pore structure and a conveying channel in a boundary region can absorb and store more liquid phase change materials. However, no further study was made on the thermophysical properties of the prepared phase-change concrete. The comprehensive wriggler and the like analyze the principle of the constant power plane heat source method, obtain a more accurate value of the first integral of the Gaussian error compensation function through numerical calculation by combining with related documents, and perform error analysis on the heat conductivity coefficient test value. The principle of a single thermocouple and a double thermocouple in two constant power plane heat source method testing methods is introduced in the golden cinnamon, and it is indicated that although the single thermocouple is simpler and more convenient to test than the double thermocouples, the analysis of the measurement error of the single thermocouple is yet to be further explored. The sail is based on the testing principle of the single thermocouple constant power plane heat source method, and a corresponding experimental device is established and incorporatedActual measurement is carried out, and thermophysical parameters such as the thermal conductivity, the thermal diffusivity, the volume heat capacity and the like of the material are obtained.

The phase change energy storage building material is used for simulation research in buildings:

athicnitis et al applied aliphatic hydrocarbon phase change materials to wall panels to make phase change wall panels for use in the interior of rooms. Numerical simulation shows that in the passive phase-change solar house, the room temperature in the daytime is 4 ℃ lower than that of a common solar house, the surface temperature of the phase-change wall body at night is 3.2 ℃ higher than that of the common wall body, the heat release at night can last for more than 7 hours, and the thermal comfort is greatly improved. Takeshi Kondo et al uses polyethylene pellets to package a phase change material (95% of octadecane and 5% of hexadecane) and adds the phase change material into a gypsum board to prepare a phase change wallboard, and researches on the heat transfer effect of the phase change wallboard and the energy saving effect in a peak power utilization stage show that the indoor temperature of a solar house built by the wallboard is more gradual than that of a common solar house, so that the requirement of human beings on the comfort level can be better met, and meanwhile, the power consumption in the peak power utilization stage can be reduced; kakmssc and the like carry out numerical simulation on a room of a phase-change roof, and researches show that compared with a common room, the temperature of the inner surface of the phase-change roof can be reduced by 3.5 ℃, the temperature of indoor air is reduced by 2.5 ℃, the fluctuation of the indoor temperature is slowed down, and the energy consumption of heating (air conditioning) is effectively reduced. The design method of the phase change wall combined with night ventilation is researched by Linkun, the use effects of the phase change wall in different climatic regions of China are simulated and evaluated through a numerical method, the advantages and the limitations of the phase change wall in different regions of China are explained, and the phenomenon of overheating of a room can be effectively eliminated by using the technology of combining the phase change wall with the night ventilation under the conditions of optimizing phase change temperature, properly using heat preservation measures and adopting larger night ventilation times, so that the thermal comfort of the room is improved. Yan English and the like respectively establish mathematical models of a common room and a phase change room, and ANSYS software is used for carrying out simulation analysis on the change rules of the temperature and the heat flow of the inner wall in the room under the condition of fluctuation of outdoor meteorological parameters in a typical meteorological year, and researches show that the fluctuation of the inner surface temperature of the phase change wall is smaller than that of a common wall, so that the design load of air-conditioning and heating can be reduced, and the initial investment of air-conditioning and heating equipment can be reduced; the summer air-conditioning load and the winter heating load of the phase-change room and the common room are compared and analyzed, and the phase-change enclosure structure is found to have a certain energy-saving effect.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved.

Based on the defects of the latest phase change energy storage building materials. The invention provides an intelligent terrae zeolite perlite phase change board suitable for phase change energy storage building materials, which is characterized by being prepared from two parts: firstly, preparing a shaped composite phase-change material; the normal Capric Acid (CA) is used as a phase-change material, the Expanded Perlite (EP) which is a building material with a porous structure is used as a substrate, and a capillary adsorption method (vacuum adsorption method) is adopted to prepare the shaped composite phase-change material (CA/EP), so that the heat conductivity coefficient and the heat storage performance are stable; the problem of liquid phase leakage of the phase-change material is solved, and the effects of packaging and shaping are achieved; the phase change temperature of the composite phase change material is close to that of a pure phase change material, and the latent heat of phase change is approximately equal to that of the pure phase change material; preparing an ochre zeolite perlite phase change intelligent board, namely preparing slurry by taking zeolite powder as a main material, cement and gypsum as auxiliary materials and carbon fiber as a reinforcement; through a direct blending method, the slurry and the prepared sizing composite phase change material CA/EP are mixed in a certain proportion, and the ochre zeolite perlite phase change intelligent plate is obtained after mould forming. The intelligent material has high specific strength, high specific modulus, high toughness, low density, corrosion resistance, indoor harmful gas dilution, radon degradation, insect killing, sterilization, sound insulation, sound absorption, water prevention, fire prevention, permanent negative ion release, far infrared ray, good conductivity, sensitivity to temperature and stress, self-sensing internal stress and a series of electromagnetic shielding properties. The material can be cut, sawed and directly used, has simple and convenient construction, low cost, good performance, recyclability, pollution reduction and carbon emission reduction, and is a green ecological environment-friendly material.

In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that.

A shaped composite phase-change material comprises a material component A; 35-65% of n-decanoic acid, 1-4% of tetradecanol, 30-60% of expanded perlite and alcohol.

The n-decanoic acid has a melting point of 31.4 ℃ and a content of 98 percent.

The tetradecanol has a melting point of 38 ℃ and a content of 98%.

The alcohol is known as ethanol and has a molecular formula of C₂H₆O。

The expanded perlite is one of 60-100 meshes.

A preparation method of a shaped composite phase-change material comprises the following steps: comprises the following steps.

Firstly, square distribution: a material component A; 35-65% of n-decanoic acid, 1-4% of tetradecanol, 30-60% of expanded perlite and alcohol.

Firstly, a certain amount of Expanded Perlite (EP) is taken and placed in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for drying for 2 hours.

Thirdly, pouring a certain amount of expanded perlite into the stainless steel column, and vacuumizing for 30min in a constant-temperature water bath at 70 ℃.

Fourthly, dissolving liquid n-decanoic acid and tetradecanol in a corresponding proportion in alcohol, uniformly mixing, and slowly dripping into the stainless steel column until the expanded perlite is submerged on the liquid surface; and finally heating in a constant-temperature water bath in a vacuum environment and adsorbing for 2 hours until no alcohol is condensed out.

Placing the material in a drying oven at 70 ℃ for 3h, cooling at normal temperature to obtain the sizing composite phase change material CA/EP, and finally storing the sizing composite phase change material CA/EP in a material tank.

The components of the sizing composite phase-change material have synergistic action, and the action mechanism is as follows.

The combination of pore size analysis and volume water absorption rate measurement shows that the expanded perlite can well serve as a matrix material for diversified adsorption. The CA/EP shaping composite phase-change material is prepared by taking n-Capric Acid (CA) as a phase-change material and Expanded Perlite (EP) as a porous matrix material through a vacuum adsorption method, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the CA/EP shaping composite phase-change material is determined to be 55%. According to SEM and FT-IR analysis, CA is adsorbed by the surface tension of EP surface and the capillary action of internal honeycomb structure, so that even though CA is subjected to phase change, CA is difficult to leak, and the CA and the EP surface are not subjected to chemical reaction; DSC analysis shows that the melting phase-change temperature and the solidification phase-change temperature of CA/EP are respectively 30.98 ℃ and 28.07 ℃, the melting and solidification phase-change latent heat is respectively 72.64J/g and 71.13J/g, the phase-change temperature is almost consistent with that of pure CA, and the phase-change latent heat is about the product of the phase-change content and the latent heat value of pure fatty acid; TG and cooling acceleration circulation experiments prove that CA/EP has good thermal stability and thermal reliability in high temperature resistance and service life; the thermal conductivity of CA/EP was 0.34W/m.K.

Determination of maximum adsorption:

the cellular porous structure of the expanded perlite can adsorb small molecular organic matters by virtue of capillary action and surface tension, but the adsorption has an upper limit value, and fatty acid in a molten state leaks out after the adsorption exceeds the upper limit value, so that the heat storage capacity of the composite phase change material is reduced. Therefore, the maximum value of the adsorption capacity of the finished product of the shaped composite phase-change material is determined. First, CA is configured: the EP mass ratio is 55: 45. 60: 40. 70: 30, and respectively marked as M1, M2 and M3. 1g of the mixture is weighed and placed in the central area of the filter paper, and then the filter paper is moved to a thermostat with the temperature of 70 ℃ to be heated for 2 hours. If the adsorption between the two substances is not saturated, the liquid CA does not leak under the micropore adsorption effect of the expanded perlite; if the saturation is exceeded, the liquid CA will leak and wet the filter paper. After heating for 30min, M2 showed a little sign of wetting, while M3 almost wetted the entire piece of filter paper; the M2 wetting marks diffused from the central region after 2h of heating. And the whole heating process, M1 keeps the original shape, and no wet mark is seen. Therefore the optimum adsorption ratio of CA/EP should be 55: 45, maximum adsorption 55 wt%.

Thermal property microphase analysis:

scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is a method in which a sample surface is scanned with a very fine electron beam, the generated secondary electrons are collected by a specific detector to form an electric signal, the electric signal is transmitted to a picture tube, and a stereogram of the surface is displayed on a fluorescent screen. And analyzing the microstructure characteristics of the Expanded Perlite (EP) and the shaped composite phase-change material CA/EP by SEM, spraying gold on the sample for 30min before scanning, enhancing the conductivity of the sample and obtaining a clear and good image. The high porosity and high specific surface area of the expanded perlite can be seen in the image. The surface of the hollow brick is provided with arc cracks similar to hemispheres, the inner holes are communicated with the holes, and the space of the holes is large, which is caused by sudden explosion of inner moisture in the production process; the honeycomb structure inside the expanded perlite is shown in the image, the capillary action can well adsorb organic matters in the structure, and the EP adsorbs CA by means of the surface tension of the cracked surface and the capillary action of the internal honeycomb structure, so that leakage of liquid phase CA in the phase change process is prevented.

Thermal property compatibility analysis:

infrared analysis refers to a process of directly irradiating a beam of infrared rays with different wavelengths onto a molecule of a substance, wherein some infrared rays with specific wavelengths are absorbed by the molecule to form an infrared absorption spectrum of the molecule. Each molecule has a unique infrared absorption spectrum determined by its composition and structure, and the molecules of the substance can be structurally analyzed and identified according to this principle. The sample adopts KBr tablet and the testing frequency is 400cm^-1～4000cm^-1. Characteristic absorption peaks appear in the image, which are respectively represented by-CH₂Asymmetric vibration and symmetric vibration of the base; at 1750 cm^-1The characteristic absorption peak above is caused by stretching vibration of carbonyl C = O; -CH₂1468 cm caused by bending vibration of the base^-1The in-plane and out-plane bending vibration of the-OH group with the characteristic absorption peak respectively leads to 1300 cm^-1、936cm^-1A characteristic absorption peak appears; and 722 cm^-1The characteristic absorption peak of (A) is caused by the rocking vibration in the plane of-OH groups. And in the infrared spectrogram of EP, 1631 cm^-1The characteristic absorption peak is caused by the bending vibration of H-O-H; the stretching vibration of the Si-O-Si leads to 1059 cm^-1A characteristic absorption peak of broadband. However, on the spectrogram, some characteristic absorption peaks of CA/EP are slightly shifted from those of CA, probably due to the reaction that occurs between the oxygen atom on the fatty acid carbonyl C = O and the ammonia atom of the hydroxyl-OH on EP. By comparing the infrared spectrogram of CA/EP with the infrared spectrograms of CA and EP, the characteristic absorption peak of CA/EP is basically consistent with that of CA and EP, and no obvious absorption peak is foundThe absorption peak of (A) appears or disappears, which indicates that the absorption of CA by EP in the porous structure is a physical action, no chemical reaction occurs, and the chemical compatibility of the two is good.

Differential scanning calorimetry analysis:

differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) test: nitrogen atmosphere, heating rate of 5 ℃/min, temperature test range of 10-50 ℃, temperature precision: 0.1 ℃, enthalpy accuracy: 0.4 percent. From DSC graphs of CA and CA/EP, it can be seen that the cauterization phase transition temperature and the solidification phase transition temperature of CA are respectively 30.65 ℃ and 27.66 ℃, the melting phase transition temperature and the solidification phase transition temperature of CA/EP are respectively 30.98 ℃ and 28.07 ℃, and the temperature in the interval is close to the outdoor average temperature in summer, so that the phase-change material is suitable for phase-change energy storage in the field of buildings. Comparing the two, the change of the melting phase-change temperature and the solidification phase-change temperature is not large, which shows that the phase-change temperature of the phase-change material is not influenced by the addition of the expanded perlite. However, it was found that the melting phase transition temperature of the shape-stabilized phase-change material CA/EP is higher than that of CA, because the melting-solidification phase-change process of CA is performed inside the porous structure of EP, and when the phase-change occurs, the volume changes, and the pressure increases when CA changes phase due to the restriction of EP pores, and the phase-change temperature is increased accordingly. Meanwhile, the latent heat of melting and solidification phase change of CA is 147.9J/g and 149.9J/g respectively, and the latent heat of melting and solidification phase change of CA/EP is 72.64J/g and 71.13J/g respectively. Considering the CA in the shaped phase change material CA/EP: the proportion of EP is 55: 45, the tested value of latent heat of phase change of CA/EP is slightly lower than the theoretical value, which is consistent with the experimental results of Chen and Zhang. This is probably because the phase change material is highly dispersed in the pore structure of the porous material, the interaction area between the two is increased, the acting force is also increased, and a small amount of the phase change material cannot be crystallized smoothly, so that the latent heat value is reduced. However, the latent heat value of the CA/EP is higher than that of composite phase change materials such as paraffin (30 wt%)/diatomite, n-decanoic acid-stearic acid (25 wt%)/gypsum and the like which are applied to the building field, so that the CA/EP prepared by the method has huge application potential in the building energy saving field.

Thermogravimetric analysis:

thermal stability means that the material can maintain stable quality and does not decompose when heated at high temperature. The thermal stability of CA and CA/EP was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. CA begins to decompose and evaporate from 90 ℃ until the CA is completely evaporated at 213 ℃; the fixed composite phase-change material CA/EP added with the expanded perlite is decomposed from 100 ℃ to 253 ℃ with the residual mass of 46.7 percent, which is approximately equal to the proportion of EP in the CA/EP composite material. The initial decomposition temperature of the composite phase change material is higher than that of the pure phase change material, because the capillary action and the surface tension between the phase change material and the expanded perlite can prevent the phase change material from leaking and evaporating when the phase change material is melted at high temperature. The decomposition temperatures of CA and CA/EP are both above 90 ℃, which means that CA/EP has good thermal stability in the building field at normal temperature.

And (3) thermal reliability analysis:

thermal reliability is an important factor for ensuring the cyclic use of the phase-change material, and shows that the stability of the thermal performance can be still maintained after multiple heat storage and release. The invention adopts metal bath (CHB-T2-E, BIOER ThermoQ, China) to carry out accelerated cold-heat circulation on the shaped composite phase change material CA/EP for 500 times and 1000 times, the temperature of cold and heat sources is set to be 10 ℃ and 50 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 2min after the set temperature is reached. After 500 times and 1000 times of circulation, the melting phase transition temperature of CA/EP changes + 0.01 deg.C, -0.12 deg.C, and the latent heat changes-0.95J/g, -2.24J/g; the solidification phase transition temperature changes + 1.09J/g and + 1.54J/g, and the latent heat changes-0.02J/g and + 0.26J/g. From the above results, it can be seen that the melting, solidification phase transition temperature and phase transition latent heat of the shaped composite phase change material CA/EP hardly change after many cycles, so that the CA/EP has excellent thermal reliability.

Coefficient of thermal conductivity:

from GB 50176-1993 civil construction thermal engineering design specifications, the heat conductivity coefficient of EP is 0.058W/m.K. The invention adopts a thermal conductivity analyzer to measure the thermal conductivity of CA and CA/EP, and the measurement results are 0.21W/m.K and 0.34W/m.K. It can be known that the heat conductivity coefficient of the shaped composite phase change material is improved by 61.9% compared with that of the pure phase change material. The reason is that the framework of the porous matrix of the shaped composite phase-change material plays a role in enhancing heat conduction, and heat radiation exists among pores to enhance heat conduction, so that the heat conductivity coefficient is increased.

An ocher zeolite perlite phase change smart plate: material component B: 20-50% of hematite powder, 10-30% of zeolite powder, 8-30% of tourmaline powder, 8-30% of cement, 8-25% of sepiolite powder, 2-6% of gypsum powder, 0.2-0.9% of carbon fiber and 0.01-0.07% of additive accounting for the cement amount (mass). The adding amount of the water is 10 to 35 percent of the total mass of the zeolite powder, the cement and the gypsum powder.

The hematite powder is more than 200 meshes.

The fineness of the zeolite powder is more than 600 meshes.

The cement is at least one of portland cement, ordinary portland cement, portland slag cement, pozzolanic portland cement, portland fly ash cement or composite portland cement.

The sepiolite powder is fibrous hydrous magnesium silicate: requires SiO₂54-60 percent of the content, 21-25 percent of MgO content and over 500 meshes of fineness.

The gypsum powder is at least one of anhydrite, dihydrate gypsum or hemihydrate gypsum, and the fineness is more than 100 meshes.

The tourmaline powder is one of the tourmaline powder, and the fineness of the tourmaline powder is more than 600 meshes.

The carbon fibers are chopped carbon fibers, and the tensile strength range is 0.5-0.8 GPa.

The additive is triethanolamine.

A preparation method of an ocher zeolite perlite phase change intelligent plate comprises the following steps: comprises the following steps.

The method comprises the following steps: tests prove that the ocher zeolite perlite phase change intelligent board comprises component B of 20-50% of hematite powder, 10-30% of zeolite powder, 8-30% of tourmaline powder, 8-30% of cement, 8-25% of sepiolite powder, 2-6% of gypsum powder, 0.2-0.9% of carbon fiber and 0.01-0% of additive accounting for the cement amount (mass). And 07 percent of the total weight of the mixture. The adding amount of the water is 10 to 35 percent of the total mass of the zeolite powder, the cement and the gypsum powder.

A pulping workshop section: adding water into the metered carbon fibers, and soaking for 2-4 hours for later use; feeding zeolite powder, cement, sepiolite powder and gypsum powder into a powder material metering scale by using a screw conveyor, and then discharging; finally adding triethanolamine which is a material for improving functions; the powdery material, the additive, water and the carbon fiber are fully mixed in a counter-flow mixer to prepare slurry with uniform concentration, and the slurry is sent to a slurry storage pool.

Thirdly, feeding the material with the mass ratio of the shaped composite phase change material CA/EP to the slurry of 15: 85 into a stirrer through a weighing and metering system, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture into a mold, and carrying out compression molding on the mixture on an SVC-4500VA hydraulic press at the speed of 10mm/min, wherein the maximum molding pressure is 6 kPa.

And fourthly, stacking the formed plates, drying and curing at room temperature for 7 days, and then, putting the plates into an oven at 230 ℃ for heat preservation for 2 hours to obtain finished plates.

And fifthly, detecting, packaging and warehousing.

The ocher zeolite perlite phase change intelligent plate has the following action mechanism under the synergistic action of components.

Influence of the forming system on the performance of the panel:

the initial strength of the ochre zeolite perlite phase-change intelligent plate is obtained from the forming process of the base plate, namely, under high pressure, raw material particles are in close contact, natural cohesiveness is generated by virtue of intermolecular attraction, and the compactness of the plate is high. Under the action of molecules, a thin hydration film is formed on the surface of the particles, and a superposed public water film exists between the two materials with the hydration films. Under the action of a common water film, a part of chemical bonds start to be broken and ionized to form a colloidal particle system. Most surfaces of the colloidal particles have negative charges and can adsorb cations. And cations with different valences and different ionic radii can react with Ca (OH) generated in the material₂Ca of (2)²⁺And (4) carrying out equivalent adsorption exchange. Due to the ion adsorption and exchange on the surfaces of these colloidal particles, the charged state of the particle surfaces is changed, and the particles form small aggregates, thereby generating strength in the later reaction. Strength productIn the raw system, there are reactions between a liquid phase and a solid phase, between a solid phase and a solid phase, and between a gas phase and a solid phase. For example, hydration reaction after adding cement and cementing materials is reaction between liquid phase and solid phase; ca (OH) in the material₂By CO in the air₂Carbonisation to CaCO₃The reaction of (2) is a reaction between a gas phase and a solid phase. These reactions start from the interface of the two phases and continue deeper, resulting in a panel of increasing strength. In conclusion, the sufficient mixing of the materials and the high-pressure forming of the plate blank lay a solid foundation for the later strength of the product, and the ion exchange and the aggregation of the particle surface and the interface action among the raw materials are mutually matched and mutually supplemented and staggered in the process of forming the strength of the plate, so that the plate is a continuous process.

The basic process of the hydration reaction is as follows.

Firstly, the main clinker tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate and calcium aluminoferrite in the cement react with water to generate hydrated calcium silicate, hydrated calcium sulphoaluminate, hydrated calcium ferrite and hydrated calcium hydroxide. The chemical reaction equation is as follows:

hydration reaction of tricalcium silicate: c₃S+nH→C-S-H+(3-x)CH

Hydration reaction of dicalcium silicate: c₂S+nH→C-S-H+(2-x)CH

Tricalcium aluminate hydration reaction: 2C₃A+27H→C4H₁₉+C₂A H₈

In portland cement, C₃A is essentially Ca (OH)₂Hydrated in the environment where gypsum is present, C₃A in Ca (OH)₂Expression in saturated solution: c₃A+CH+12H→C₄AH₁₃

In the presence of both gypsum and calcium oxide, C₃A begins to be quickly hydrated into C₄AH_l3But then it reacts with gypsum to form calcium sulfoaluminate trihydrate (AFt) having the formula:

C₄AH_l3+3CSH₂+14H→AFt+CH

when the gypsum in the cement paste is completely consumed, the cement paste is not completely finishedFully hydrated C₃When A is, C₃A hydration product C₄AH_l3And can continue to react with the ettringite generated by the reaction to generate monosulfide hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate (Afm), the expression is as follows:

AFt+2C₄AH_l3→3AFm+2CH+20H

secondly, under the wet and hot curing condition, inactive SiO in the aggregate₂Ca (OH) produced by reaction with hydration₂The solution produces a variety of hydration products of the fibrous crystals. These highly crystalline calcium silicate hydrate gelling materials bind other materials and unreacted aggregate to form a high strength substrate layer. The main reaction is as follows:

CaO+H₂O→Ca(OH)₁₂+15.5kcal

Ca(OH)₂+SiO₂+(n-1)H₂O→CaO·SiO₂·NH₂O

iron ore tailing particles are cemented together by two hydration products of Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH) and Calcium Aluminate Hydrate (CAH), and the two hydration products and (AFt) form an ocher zeolite perlite phase-change intelligent plate which has a substrate layer framework structure and bears load, so that certain strength is formed. The result of microscopic analysis shows that the baking-free plate product is generated with new phases of ettringite, CSH and Am. The surface of the baking-free plate product is compact, the air holes are few, the crystals grow uniformly and have consistent sizes, and a large amount of hydration products are long rod-shaped and needle-shaped crystals which grow into the holes and are mutually interwoven and filled in the holes. The partial rod-like, needle-like and fibrous crystals aggregate together to form a gel in a network state, mainly due to C₃Hydration of A to C₄AH₁₃Then the calcium sulfate reacts with gypsum in a hydrothermal and accelerated reaction atmosphere to finally generate a needle-shaped and rod-shaped trisulfide type hydrated calcium sulfoaluminate (ettringite) structure. The more and faster the ettringite is produced, the greater the compactness of the product and the higher the strength.

Basic principle of adding zeolite powder: zeolite powder is a pozzolanic material whose active ingredients are aluminosilico-calcia and the hydration product of cement Ca (OH)₂Carrying out secondary hydration reaction to generate hydrous calcium silicate gel and hydrous calcium aluminate gel. From the process of production of the productAs can be seen, the early cement hydration products Ca (OH)₂The content is relatively small, the content is relatively increased along with the increase of the age, simultaneously, the formation amount of hydrous calcium silicate and hydrous calcium aluminate gel is relatively increased, and in addition, soluble silicon aluminum in the zeolite powder also forms 4 CaO. Al with lime₂O₃·13H₂0, not only can the compactness and the compressive strength of the concrete be improved, but also the durability indexes of the concrete, such as impermeability, carbonization resistance and the like, are also improved. The zeolite powder is a porous structure, and can be used as water storage reservoir in cement concrete, under the natural state it can adsorb lots of water and air, under the hydrophilic action of concrete mixture and zeolite powder the water can be immediately fed into the interior of zeolite powder, and the original gas can be discharged into the concrete mixture. The structural viscosity of concrete mixture is improved, the coating amount of coarse aggregate is improved, the water content of concrete is reduced, the workability is comprehensively improved, in the concrete hardening process, the water adsorbed in zeolite powder is gradually discharged, the zeolite powder particles and cement gel are more closely connected into a whole through physicochemical action, the interface structure between cement paste and aggregate is improved, and the bonding strength of concrete is improved.

Influence of loading speed on sheet density: the loading rate has a significant effect on the dimensional stability of the article, the slower the loading rate, the better the dimensional stability of the article. Expanded perlite is porous structure, can take place elastic deformation when the atress, consequently can take place elasticity after the briquetting goods shaping and later take place to take effect, the release of compression molding back elastic stress promptly, the briquetting will take place elastic expansion, and the volume increase, this not only influences the size of goods, still can produce adverse effect to the quality of goods. To avoid this, the loading rate should be kept low. If the dwell time is too short, the external force disappears without the pressure being transmitted to the proper depth, and the density of the sample becomes too low. In the compression molding process, the prepared material and the inner wall of the mold can cause stress loss under the action of friction force, so that the stress inside the prepared material is uneven, and the density of a product is uneven. Double-sided molding is generally used and is held for a period of time to reduce the elastic aftereffect. The previous study shows that: the larger the ratio of the height to the diameter of the sample is, the larger the pressure difference of the blank is, the density of the blank is the largest at the upper part, and the densities of the lower part and the central part are smaller. This is mainly due to: when pressure is transmitted to the blank by the ram, the coarser particles in the green layer adjacent to the ram separate the fine and ultrafine particles of the layer, bringing them close to each other, not only vertically but also laterally. The ram is then advanced further and the pressure is transferred through the densified layer adjacent the ram to the inner layer and gradually reduced. Part of the pressure is also transmitted by the ram to the die wall, so that the blank has different densities at different heights and sections.

Influence of load size on sheet density: the density of the board increases with increasing load. After the pressure is applied, the particles begin to slide and pack in a compact state, and the density gradually increases. Thereby the plate has certain strength. The reason is as follows: firstly, when the mixture of the particles with rough surfaces is compacted, the particles are interwoven, the convex parts of some particles are embedded into the concave parts of other particles to form mechanical strength, namely, the gripping force, so that the particles are cemented together; secondly, the adhesive forms a thin film between the surfaces of the particles and has a cementing effect on the particles. The greater the loading during the sheet forming process, the greater the density of the article. The density of the plate changes with the load in a nonlinear relation, and the density and the load of the plate increase exponentially through linear regression analysis, namely

ρ=0. 07e^{2. 62Q} 。 (1)

In the formula: rho is the density of the sample, g/cm³(ii) a Q is load, MPa.

The stress process of the mixture during compression molding is divided into three stages: the mix is not yet under pressure (P = 0) and is in a loose packed state. The arrangement of the particles is irregular, the particles are stacked mutually, and bridging phenomenon is formed among the particles, so that larger gaps are formed. At this stage, the plunger begins to pressurize, the particles move along with the plunger, the gaps among the particles are filled by the smaller particles, the contact among the particles quickly tends to be tight, the bridging phenomenon disappears, and the gaps are reduced. At this stage, the pressure is slightly increased and the density of the compact increases very rapidly.

Secondly, when the plunger continues to be pressurized, the pressing block is gradually compacted, and a certain resistance is presented in the paste. In this stage, the compact density increases in proportion to the applied pressure. However, since the frictional resistance between the particles also increases with the increase in pressure and contact surface, when the density reaches a certain value, the increase in density gradually slows down although the pressure continues to increase.

Thirdly, the pressure is further increased, the density of the pressed block is not increased any more, but the density of each part of the pressed block is gradually uniform at the stage. The molding system mainly influences the density of the product, and the density directly influences the heat conductivity coefficient. Thermal conductivity and density of the material.

Density of material versus thermal conductivity: in the low temperature state, the gas in the gap can be considered as approximately stationary, and in this case, the heat exchange mode is only heat conduction and no heat exchange is performed. Depending on the composition and structure of the material, gases have a lower thermal conductivity than solids, and therefore in the low temperature state, the thermal conductivity decreases as the porosity of the material increases or the apparent density decreases. For porous materials, if the thermal conductivity of the solid material is λ s, the thermal conductivity of the gas portion is λ g, and the porosity is P, the total thermal conductivity is generally between λ min and λ max. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

λmax= λs － (λs－ λg )P， (2)

。 (3)

as can be seen from the formula (3): the thermal conductivity of a material does not decrease indefinitely as the apparent density decreases. When the apparent density is less than a critical value, air in the voids starts to convect due to too high porosity, and the high porosity also increases heat transfer by thermal radiation due to low resistance of the gas to thermal radiation, thereby increasing the thermal conductivity.

Influence of drying regime on board performance: the drying and heating system has great influence on the strength of the product, the strength of the plate increases with the increase of the drying temperature within a certain range, and the strength reaches the highest (0.4MPa) when the temperature reaches 210-230 ℃. This is because the curing strength of the inorganic binder increases with an increase in temperature, and the strength of the sample increases. When the temperature exceeds 250 c, the strength of the panel is rather decreased with an increase in temperature, which may be due to carbonization of the organic binder, and although the bonding strength of the inorganic binder is increased, the temperature of the carbonized layer is relatively low, which decreases the strength of the mat surface and thus the strength of the panel. The reasonable drying temperature for preparing the plate is 210-230 ℃. When the heat preservation temperature is too high and the temperature rise speed is high, the plate can be greatly expanded, and the damage of the plate structure can be possibly caused. The expansion may be caused by that when the phosphate is not cured, the bonding strength of the aluminum phosphate dioxide in a net structure is low, for example, the temperature rise speed is too high, and the volume of the product is expanded and deformed due to the evaporation of water, temperature stress, expansion of the perlite which is not fully expanded and the like.

The addition of the carbon fiber plays a role in improving physical and mechanical properties, and the electrochemical properties are changed from a high-resistivity non-conductive material into a semiconductor material, a conductive material or a ferrite magnetic material; and generate intelligent features.

The mechanical property is improved; the cement is a brittle material, but the brittle fracture characteristic can be completely changed by adding 3vol% of carbon fiber, the modulus can be increased by 2 times, and the strength can be increased by 5 times. If the oriented addition is carried out, the strength of the cement can be improved from 5MPa to 185MPa by adding 12.3vol% of medium-strength carbon fiber, and the bending strength can also reach 130 MPa. Zhao Zhang Yuan: the carbon fiber reinforced cement can improve the tensile strength and the bending strength by 5-10 times, improve the toughness and the elongation by 20-30 times, and reduce the structural mass by 1/2. Guo quanbai and the like utilize a monofilament pulling-out test to determine the interface binding force of the CFRC composite material, the addition of high-strength and high-modulus carbon fibers is considered to effectively prevent the expansion of cracks, and when the composite material is loaded, the matrix transfers the load to the carbon fibers through the interface, so that the carbon fibers become the main load carrier of the load; as the pulling-out or breaking of the fiber absorbs a large amount of energy, the mechanical properties of the composite material, such as tensile strength, bending resistance, toughness and the like, are obviously improved. The stress-strain curve of the CFRC under repeated loading is researched by Duncong et al, and the CFRC is considered to have good elastic-plastic properties, so that a curve equation capable of reflecting material characteristics is obtained.

The resistivity is changed; the resistivity of the ordinary cement-based composite material under a dry condition is generally in the range of 104-107 omega-m, and the ordinary cement-based composite material does not belong to an insulator or a good conductor, but is a high-resistivity non-conductive material in fact. The electrical resistivity can be obviously reduced by doping few carbon fibers in the cement matrix, and the electrical resistivity is greatly reduced along with the increase of the doping amount of the carbon fibers. After the carbon fiber is reduced to a certain degree, the carbon fiber is added, and the effect on a test body with good conductivity is not great. According to the seepage theory, after the carbon fiber doping amount in the cement matrix reaches a certain value, the carbon fibers in mutual contact form an infinite seepage group, all clusters form a seepage network, and the conductivity of the test piece is rapidly increased. The resistivity of the CFRC test piece changes in 3 stages corresponding to the occurrence, propagation and destruction of microcracks within the composite. The changes of the CFRC resistivity under different frequencies are measured by Farhad Reza and the like in the United states, and the CFRC is confirmed to be a sensitive material and has self-diagnosis capability. The CFRC composite material can be used as an intrinsic intelligent material for self-diagnosis detection of projects such as concrete dams, bridges and the like due to the property. The research shows that: as long as the CFRC contains 0.2vol% of carbon fiber, the mechanical property and the electrical property of the CFRC can be improved. The new york state university ddl.chung group, usa, investigated the addition of 5mm long, 0.5wt% or 1.0wt% (0.15 vol% or 0.30vol% by volume) carbon fibers to a cement matrix, and the change in dc resistivity after applying stress, which can be used to fabricate CFRC as a sensor buried in the bottom of a road for traffic control and monitoring.

The pressure sensitivity is increased; chung research group in the united states of 1989 first discovered that incorporation of chopped carbon fibers in a cement matrix can provide self-sensing of internal stress, strain and damage levels. The phenomenon that the resistivity of the CFRC changes with the change of the compressive stress is called pressure sensitivity, and the main characteristics of the CFRC are pressure sensitivity and temperature sensitivity. When there is a temperature difference between two ends of the CFRC test piece, a voltage difference is generated between the two ends, and the cold end of the CFRC test piece is a negative electrode and the hot end of the CFRC test piece is a positive electrode, which is called a thermoelectric effect. On the other hand, when an electric field is applied to the CFRC, a thermal effect is generated in the concrete, causing a so-called electrothermal effect, both of which are caused by the cavitational conductive movement in the carbon fiber concrete. The 3 working stages of safety, damage and failure in CFRC can be determined by the change in resistivity. The CFRC has both thermoelectric effect and electrothermal effect, so that when it is implanted into concrete structure, it can make self-diagnosis of temperature distribution of concrete structure, and can implement self-adaptation of temperature of concrete structure according to the diagnosis result. The carbon fiber temperature-sensitive concrete is used for self-adaptive snow melting and ice melting of airport roads and bridge pavements abroad, and the ice and snow on the pavements can be effectively removed by utilizing heat generated after the CFRC is electrified; great amount of research on the electrothermal effect of CFRC and attempts on its snow and ice melting function have been carried out by Tangzu et al. When the CFRC is communicated with a power supply, the conductive concrete generates heat to increase the temperature of the road surface, and when the temperature is increased to be higher than 0 ℃, ice and snow on the road surface can be automatically melted into water to flow away, so that the smoothness of the road and the driving safety are guaranteed. The relation between the resistance change rate and the compressive stress of 5mm and 10mm carbon fibers added into a cement-based test piece in different amounts is studied, and the results show that the pressure sensitivity of CFRC is closely related to the fiber mixing amount, and for 5mm fibers, the pressure sensitivity is the best when the mixing amount is 0.4wt%, and the pressure sensitivity is deteriorated due to the increase or decrease of the mixing amount: for 10mm long fibers, the effect is best at a loading of 0.2wt%, with the pressure sensitivity becoming less as the loading of the fiber increases. The influence of the length and the doping amount of the carbon fiber on the pressure sensitivity of the CFRC is related to the conduction mechanism of the composite material, and the mechanism can be explained by a tunnel model. Zhang Wei et al respectively applied two-electrode method and four-electrode method to determine the conductivity of CFRC test piece, analyzed the conduction mechanism, accorded with the tunnel effect theory.

Fourth, electromagnetic shielding performance: when electromagnetic waves are emitted from the space to the materials, reflection, absorption and transmission are generated on the surfaces of the materials. Electromagnetic shielding is to use a metal conductor or magnetizer to achieve the purpose of suppressing electromagnetic radiation by the reflection effect and absorption effect of electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic shielding is essentially achieved by the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. Under an external alternating electromagnetic field, induced current is generated in the shielding shell through electromagnetic induction, and the current generates an electromagnetic field in the opposite direction in the shielding space, so that the external electromagnetic field is offset, and the shielding effect is achieved. Electromagnetic shielding, in fact, is used to limit the transfer of electromagnetic energy from one space of shielding material to another. The basic principle is as follows: the low-resistance conductor material is adopted, and the shielding effect is generated by utilizing the reflection of electromagnetic waves on the surface of the shielding conductor, the absorption of the electromagnetic waves in the conductor and the loss in the transmission process. The shielding effectiveness SE of the material is considered to be effective when the shielding effectiveness SE reaches a medium shielding value of 30-60 dB;

the substrate layer of the invention has the characteristics of ferrite wave-absorbing material: the material belongs to a magnetic medium type wave-absorbing material, has a higher magnetic loss tangent angle, and attenuates and absorbs electromagnetic waves by means of magnetic polarization mechanisms such as magnetic hysteresis loss, natural resonance, eddy current loss, domain wall resonance, after effect loss and the like. The ferrite wave-absorbing material has two functions of electric absorption and magnetic absorption, is a wave-absorbing material with excellent performance, and has the characteristics of strong absorption, wide frequency band, low cost and the like.

The sepiolite powder is added to increase silicon content for reaction of hydrated product, so that the product has light weight, low shrinkage and good plasticity. Absorb moisture when wet and release moisture when dry to generate the humidity conditioning function.

Adding tourmaline powder: the functional layer generates porosity, release and adsorption, releases oxygen in countless pores, and emits potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus major elements and eighteen trace elements such as zinc, iron, selenium, copper, strontium, iodine, fluorine, metasilicic acid and the like which are necessary for a human body; the nano-silver-ion battery has adsorption capacity on pigments and bacteria, can generate permanent weak current of 0.06 milliampere, is similar to current passing through human nerves, emits far infrared ray growing light of 4-14 micrometers, and improves the release of negative ions.

The admixture triethanolamine is mixed into the material to change the hydration product of the cement, and has acceleration effect on the hydration speed and strength of the cement, which can accelerate the generation of 'ettringite', improve the early strength of the product and have certain later-stage reinforcement effect.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the positive beneficial effects.

The invention relates to an ocher zeolite perlite phase change intelligent board which comprises: the n-decanoic acid and the tetradecanol (CA) are used as phase-change materials, the range of phase-change temperature can be adjusted according to different regions, the Expanded Perlite (EP) which is a building material with a porous structure is used as a substrate, a capillary adsorption method (vacuum adsorption method) is adopted to prepare the shaped composite phase-change material (CA/EP), and the heat conductivity coefficient and the heat storage performance of the shaped composite phase-change material are stable; the problem of liquid phase leakage of the phase-change material is solved, and the effects of packaging and shaping are achieved; the phase change temperature of the composite phase change material is close to that of a pure phase change material, and the latent heat of phase change is approximately equal to that of the pure phase change material; taking hematite tailing powder as a main material, taking zeolite powder, cement, tourmaline powder and gypsum as auxiliary materials, and taking carbon fiber as a reinforcement to prepare slurry; by a direct blending method, the slurry is mixed with the prepared sizing composite phase change material CA/EP in a certain proportion, and the ochre zeolite perlite phase change intelligent plate is obtained after mould forming, and can play a role in heat preservation, temperature regulation and peak clipping; compared with the cement board production process, the improved preparation method of the application functional element material has the advantages that zeolite is utilized by 70 percent, the production cost is reduced by 10 percent, the carbon emission is reduced by 80 percent, the product can be recycled, the investment cost is low, and the method is green, ecological and environment-friendly; fully exerts the composite function of the functional element material.

The CA/EP composite phase change material of the invention enables the heat conductivity coefficients of the ocher zeolite perlite phase change intelligent plate to be respectively reduced by 39.4%, 48.57% and 52.49% (non-phase change), 37.94%, 46.84% and 50.63% (phase change completion), the heat storage coefficients to be respectively reduced by 34.07%, 40.62% and 44.87% (non-phase change), 30.25%, 35.59% and 37.65% (phase change completion), and the thermal inertia coefficients to be respectively increased by 8.75%, 15.40% and 15.96% (non-phase change), 12.33%, 21.53% and 26.21% (phase change completion).

A typical western-oriented room of a high-rise building is taken as a simulation research object, and the change conditions of the inner surface temperature, the inner surface heat flow density and the indoor temperature of the room are respectively simulated and analyzed under two outer enclosure structures of a common cement wall and a phase-change intelligent perlite ocher board wall and are compared with each other. Simulation results show that compared with a common cement wall, the ocher zeolite perlite phase-change intelligent panel wall can enable the maximum peak value of the internal surface temperature to be 3.5 ℃ lower, weaken the internal surface heat flow of 57.85%, enable the indoor temperature to be reduced by 2.1 ℃ and delay the peak value time of the indoor temperature by 2.5 hours.

Compared with the prior preparation technology: each technical index reaches the national standard, the integral equivalent heat conductivity coefficient is reduced, the heat storage coefficient is reduced, the thermal inertia coefficient is increased, the peak load is reduced, and the load is transferred. The material has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, high toughness, low density, corrosion resistance, dilution of indoor harmful gas, radon degradation, insect killing, sterilization, sound insulation, sound absorption, water resistance, fire resistance, permanent negative ion release, simple and convenient construction, low cost, good performance, recyclability, pollution reduction, carbon emission reduction and green ecological environmental protection. The heat-insulating material can be widely used as heat-insulating pipeline and equipment in petroleum, chemical, electric and metallurgical industries, and can also be used for heat insulation inside and outside building roofs and walls.

Detailed Description

Example 1: the manufacture of the ochre zeolite perlite phase change intelligent board comprises the following steps.

A shaped composite phase-change material comprises a material component A; n-decanoic acid CA 53%, tetradecanol 2%, expanded perlite 45% and alcohol.

Determining a formula through a test: a material component A; 53% of n-decanoic acid, 2% of tetradecanol, 45% of expanded perlite and alcohol.

And fourthly, dissolving liquid n-decanoic acid and tetradecanol in a corresponding proportion in alcohol, uniformly mixing, slowly dripping into the stainless steel column until the expanded perlite is submerged on the liquid surface, and finally heating in a constant-temperature water bath in a vacuum environment and adsorbing for 2 hours until no alcohol is condensed out.

Determining a formula through a test: material component B: 40 percent of hematite tailing powder, 20 percent of zeolite powder, 15 percent of tourmaline powder, 12 percent of cement, 10 percent of sepiolite powder, 2.7 percent of gypsum powder, 0.3 percent of carbon fiber and 0.04 percent of additive accounting for the cement amount (mass). The adding amount of the water is 20 to 30 percent of the total mass of the hematite tailing powder, the sepiolite powder, the cement and the gypsum powder.

A pulping workshop section: adding water into the metered carbon fibers, and soaking for 2-4 hours for later use; feeding hematite tailing powder, zeolite powder, cement, sepiolite powder and gypsum powder into a powder metering scale by using a spiral conveyor, and then discharging; finally adding triethanolamine which is a material for improving functions; the powdery material, the additive, water and the carbon fiber are fully mixed in a counter-flow mixer to prepare slurry with uniform concentration, and the slurry is sent to a slurry storage pool.

Thirdly, feeding the shaped composite phase change material CA/EP and the slurry with the mass ratio of 15: 85 into a stirrer through a weighing and metering system, uniformly mixing, filling the mixture into a mold, and carrying out compression molding on the mixture on an SVC-4500VA hydraulic press at the speed of 10mm/min, wherein the maximum molding pressure is 6 KPa.

And fourthly, stacking and placing the formed plates, drying and curing the plates at room temperature for 7 days, and then, keeping the plates in an oven at 230 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the finished product of the ochre zeolite perlite phase-change intelligent plate.

And fifthly, detecting, packaging and warehousing.

Example 2: the manufacture of the ochre zeolite perlite phase change intelligent plate comprises the following steps.

Determining a formula through a test: material component B: 40 percent of hematite tailing powder, 20 percent of zeolite powder, 15 percent of tourmaline powder, 12 percent of cement, 10 percent of sepiolite powder, 2.7 percent of gypsum powder, 0.3 percent of carbon fiber and 0.04 percent of additive accounting for the cement amount (mass). The adding amount of the water is 20 to 30 percent of the total mass of the hematite tailing powder, the zeolite powder, the sepiolite powder, the cement and the gypsum powder.

Thirdly, feeding the shaped composite phase change material CA/EP and the slurry with the mass ratio of 20: 80 into a stirrer through a weighing and metering system, uniformly mixing, filling the mixture into a mold, and carrying out compression molding on the mixture on an SVC-4500VA hydraulic press at the speed of 10mm/min, wherein the maximum molding pressure is 6 KPa.

And fifthly, detecting, packaging and warehousing.

Through a test of changing the mass ratio of the shaped composite phase-change material CA/EP to the slurry, the best mass ratio of the shaped composite phase-change material CA/EP to the slurry is selected to be 20: 80.

The main technical indexes are as follows: the average sound insulation is more than or equal to 32dB (1/3 octave, 125 Hz-4000 Hz) and is determined according to GBJ 75-1984 building sound insulation measurement standard and GBJ 121-1988 building sound insulation evaluation standard.

Average sound absorption coefficient is more than or equal to 0.70 (1/3 octave, 125 Hz-4000 Hz) according to GBJ 47-1983

And (4) measuring the sound absorption coefficient of a reverberation room.

The freeze-thaw resistance is carried out according to the freeze-thaw resistance test method of 6.2.4 in JG 149-2003 'expanded polystyrene board thin plastered exterior wall insulation system', and after 20 times of circulation, the test piece has no phenomena of peeling, cracking, layer rising and the like.

The fire-retardant property B or above-mentioned fire-retardant property B is measured according to GB/T5456-1999 building material incombustibility test method and GB 8624-1997 building material combustion property grading method.

The weather resistance performance is carried out according to the test method of appendix C in JG 149-2003 'expanded polystyrene board thin plastered exterior wall thermal insulation system', and the test piece surface has no phenomena of crack, chalking, peeling and the like after the test.

(implementation Standard: CECS 380: 2014 DBJ41/T134-2014DB 34/T2418-2015):

reference is made to the literature.

Development and research of carbon fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials, (institute of materials of northwest university of industry, west ann 710072) li keli, wang ruo, li he and shizhen sea.

The research on the process and mechanism for preparing baking-free bricks by the aid of the western Hematite tailings, (Wuhan university of science and technology), and the process of preparing the baking-free bricks by the aid of the.

Preparation of composite phase-change cement plate and study of its heat transfer characteristics (southwest university of transportation), Litianyu.

The research on the tests of preparing high-performance concrete by mixing zeolite powder, (Zhongxiu fifth reconnaissance design institute group Co., Ltd.), and Jilei.

Claims

1. An intelligent phase-change board made of ochre zeolite and perlite, in particular to an intelligent phase-change perlite and zeolite fiber insulation board, which comprises an external wall board, an internal wall board, a floor board, a ceiling board, a roof board, a curved board and an arc panel; the method is characterized in that: comprises a material component A and a material component B; the preparation method comprises the following steps by weight percent:

a preparation method of a shaped composite phase-change material comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: a material component A; 35-65% of n-decanoic acid, 1-4% of tetradecanol, 30-60% of expanded perlite and alcohol;

firstly, taking a certain amount of Expanded Perlite (EP), and drying in a vacuum drying oven at 70 ℃ for 2 hours;

thirdly, pouring a certain amount of expanded perlite into the stainless steel column, and vacuumizing for 30min in a constant-temperature water bath at 70 ℃;

fourthly, dissolving liquid n-decanoic acid and tetradecanol in a corresponding proportion in alcohol, uniformly mixing, and slowly injecting into a stainless steel column until the liquid surface submerges the expanded perlite; finally heating in a constant-temperature water bath in a vacuum environment and adsorbing for 2 hours until no alcohol is condensed out;

placing the material in a drying oven at 70 ℃ for 3h, cooling at normal temperature to obtain the sizing composite phase change material CA/EP, and finally storing the sizing composite phase change material CA/EP in a material tank;

a preparation method of an ocher zeolite perlite phase change intelligent plate comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: the material component B comprises 20-50 percent of hematite tailing powder, 10-30 percent of zeolite powder, 8-30 percent of tourmaline powder, 8-30 percent of cement, 8-30 percent of sepiolite powder, 2-6 percent of gypsum, 0.2-0.9 percent of carbon fiber and 0.01-0.07 percent of additive triethanolamine; the adding amount of water accounts for 10-35% of the total mass of the hematite tailing powder, the zeolite powder, the tourmaline powder, the sepiolite powder, the cement, the gypsum and the carbon fiber;

a pulping workshop section: adding water into the metered carbon fibers, and soaking for 2-4 hours for later use; feeding hematite tailing powder, zeolite powder, tourmaline powder, sepiolite powder, cement and gypsum powder into a powder metering scale by using a spiral conveyor, and then discharging; finally adding triethanolamine as a material additive with improved functions; stirring powdery materials, an additive triethanolamine, water and carbon fibers in a counter-current stirrer fully to prepare slurry with uniform concentration, and sending the slurry to a slurry storage pool;

thirdly, feeding the shaped composite phase change material CA/EP and the slurry with the mass ratio of 15: 85 into a stirrer through a weighing and metering system, uniformly mixing, putting the mixture into a mold, and carrying out compression molding on the mixture on an SVC-4500VA hydraulic press at the speed of 10mm/min, wherein the maximum molding pressure is 6 kPa;

fourthly, the formed plates are stacked and placed, dried and maintained at room temperature for 7 days, and then sent into a 230 ℃ oven to be kept for 2 hours, and a finished plate is obtained;

and fifthly, detecting, packaging and warehousing.

2. The ochre zeolite perlite phase change smart board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the n-decanoic acid has a melting point of 31.4 ℃ and a content of 98%; the tetradecanol has a melting point of 38 ℃ and a content of 98%.

3. The ochre zeolite perlite phase change smart plate as recited in claim 1, wherein the alcohol is ethanol with the scientific name of formula C₂H₆O; the expanded perlite is 60-100 meshes.

4. The smart phase change ochre zeolite perlite board as recited in claim 1, wherein the fineness of the hematite tailing powder is above 60 meshes; the fineness of the zeolite powder is more than 200 meshes.

5. The ocher zeolite perlite phase change smart board as recited in claim 1, wherein the tourmaline powder is above 600 mesh.

6. The phase change smart board of ochre zeolite perlite as recited in claim 1, wherein said cement is at least one of portland cement, portland cement, portland slag cement, portland pozzolanic cement, portland fly ash cement, or composite portland cement.

7. The smart card of ocher zeolite perlite for phase change as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sepiolite powder is finer than 500 mesh.

8. The ochre zeolite perlite phase change smart board as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gypsum powder is at least one of anhydrite, dihydrate gypsum or hemihydrate gypsum, and the fineness is more than 100 meshes.

9. The phase change smart board of ochre zeolite perlite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon fibers are chopped carbon fibers and have a tensile strength in the range of 0.5-0.8 GPa.