CN108637249A - A kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process - Google Patents

A kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108637249A
CN108637249A CN201810572612.6A CN201810572612A CN108637249A CN 108637249 A CN108637249 A CN 108637249A CN 201810572612 A CN201810572612 A CN 201810572612A CN 108637249 A CN108637249 A CN 108637249A
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China
Prior art keywords
neodymium iron
iron boron
magnetic body
boron magnetic
temperature
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CN201810572612.6A
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Inventor
张红玲
史永杰
庄祖兵
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Shanxi Jinhua Magnetic Materials Co Ltd
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Shanxi Jinhua Magnetic Materials Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810572612.6A priority Critical patent/CN108637249A/en
Publication of CN108637249A publication Critical patent/CN108637249A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007Atmosphere
    • B22F3/101Changing atmosphere
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/0253Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process, and molding neodymium iron boron magnetic body is placed in sintering furnace, 750 850 DEG C were warming up to through 150 180 minutes after vacuumizing, keeps the temperature 20 40 minutes;1,000 1050 DEG C were warming up to using 60 70 minutes, keeps the temperature 10 30 minutes;1,050 1100 DEG C were warming up to using 0 10 minutes, keeps the temperature 300 350 minutes;It is finally filled with inert gas cooling, obtains Sintered NdFeB magnet.The present invention is using staged heating pre-burning so that becomes smaller with the temperature gradient at center outside magnet, improves magnet performance and qualification rate after sintering;By the way of air quenching and natural cooling, the tempering of neodymium iron boron green compact is realized by in-furnace temperature, reaches energy-efficient purpose;Inert gas convection current is utilized in heating, insulating process simultaneously so that gas, the volatile materials of sintering process releasing are taken out of when vacuumizing by inert gas, and protection green compact is not oxidized.

Description

A kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process
Technical field
The invention belongs to magnet preparing technical field more particularly to a kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process.
Background technology
Neodymium iron boron magnetic body is because having high magnetic energy product, coercivity and high-energy density, in modern industry and electronic technology It is widely used in equal fields.The process for making of neodymium iron boron magnetic body is:Alloy melting → hydrogen is crushed coarse powder → air-flow processed and grinds Fine powder → sizing → isostatic pressed → sintering → is surface-treated → magnetizes use.Wherein sintering is a committed step, sintering process Quality directly decide the performance and qualification rate of neodymium iron boron magnetic body.
Since neodymium iron boron powder is adsorbed with the substances such as a large amount of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon, different temperatures of these substances in sintering process Section releases, and the material demand released is extracted or diluted in time, otherwise will consume the rich neodymium phase in neodymium iron boron magnetic body Cause material oxidation.In addition, since sintering process curve is complicated, when needing to keep higher vacuum degree in sintering process, and being sintered Between it is long, energy consumption is big, causes cost higher.A large amount of energy consumptions can be saved by shortening sintering time, to be effectively reduced manufacture Cost has good economy and social effect.
Invention content
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides one kind capable of significantly reducing sintering time, and has Effect avoids the neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process that neodymium iron boron magnetic body aoxidizes.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process, includes the following steps:
(1)Molding neodymium iron boron magnetic body is placed in sintering furnace, through 150-180 minutes heating-up times from room temperature liter after vacuumizing Temperature keeps the temperature 20-40 minutes to 750-850 DEG C of the first temperature;
(2)By step(1)Treated, and neodymium iron boron magnetic body was warming up to second temperature 1000- by 60-70 minutes heating-up times 1050 DEG C, keep the temperature 10-30 minutes;
(3)By step(2)Treated, and neodymium iron boron magnetic body was warming up to third temperature 1050- by 0-10 minutes heating-up times 1100 DEG C, keep the temperature 300-350 minutes;
(4)By step(3)Treated, and neodymium iron boron magnetic body is placed in cooling in inert gas environment, obtains Sintered NdFeB magnet.
Further, the step(4)In be placed in inert gas it is cooling, it is specially cold using inert gas air quenching is filled with But to 600-650 DEG C, 400-450 DEG C is then naturally cooled to, is come out of the stove after air quenching is cooled to room temperature again.
Further, the step(1)In inert gas can be filled with into sintering furnace while vacuumize, make inertia in stove Gas pressure is stablized in 100-200Pa, waits after the completion of keeping the temperature, and stopping is filled with inert gas, is evacuated to the vacuum degree of setting.
Further, the step(1), step(2)Heating, in insulating process, can be according to cycle time toward sintering furnace Periodically is passed through inert gas;The cycle time includes duration of ventilation and interval time;The duration of ventilation is 10-20s; The interval time is 1-20 times of duration of ventilation.
Further, the step(1)It vacuumizes vacuum degree in rear sintering furnace and is less than or equal to 2Pa.
Further, the step(4)Middle inert gas is argon gas.
Further, the step(4)In can be used nitrogen substitute inert gas cooled down.
Further, the molding neodymium iron boron magnetic body is cylinder.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Staged heating carries out pre-burning to neodymium iron boron magnetic body so that outside neodymium iron boron magnetic body Become smaller with the temperature gradient at center, when reaching sintering temperature so that the central part of neodymium iron boron green compact is rapidly achieved sintering temperature Degree improves the density and magnet performance of sintered NdFeB green compact;In such a way that both air quenching and natural cooling are combined, pass through It is sintered in-furnace temperature and realizes the tempering of neodymium iron boron green compact, energy-saving effect is apparent, and the magnet performance prepared is without significant difference;Together When heat up and insulating process in utilize inert gas convection current so that gas that sintering process is released, volatile materials take out it is true It is taken out of by inert gas when empty, protection neodymium iron boron green compact is not oxidized.
Specific implementation mode
For a further understanding of the present invention, the preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to embodiment, still It should be appreciated that these descriptions are intended merely to the feature and advantage further illustrated the present invention, rather than to invention claim Limitation.
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process, include the following steps:
(1)Molding neodymium iron boron magnetic body is placed in sintering furnace, after vacuumizing through 160 minutes heating-up times from room temperature to First 800 DEG C of temperature keeps the temperature 30 minutes;It vacuumizes vacuum degree in rear sintering furnace and is less than or equal to 2Pa;In heating, thermostatic process Neodymium iron boron magnetic body green compact generated steam, the organic matter etc. contained in sintering procedure has been discharged;
(2)By step(1)Treated, and neodymium iron boron magnetic body was warming up to 1050 DEG C of second temperature by 65 minutes heating-up times, protected Rich neodymium mutually a large amount of appearance at a temperature of temperature 20 minutes, 1050 DEG C in neodymium iron boron magnetic body, the recombination of main phase particle, large-sized hole disappear It loses, magnet densification accelerates;Pre-burning is carried out to neodymium iron boron magnetic body before reaching sintering temperature so that outside neodymium iron boron magnetic body in The temperature gradient of the heart becomes smaller, and when reaching sintering temperature, is easy so that neodymium iron boron magnetic body central part reaches sintering temperature so that Sintered neodymium iron boron green compact is more preferable in density, magnet consistency;
(3)By step(2)Treated, and neodymium iron boron magnetic body was warming up to 1075 DEG C of third temperature by 10 minutes heating-up times, i.e., 330 minutes are kept the temperature after reaching sintering temperature, keeps the temperature the long period, ensures that main phase particle is slowly grown up, realizes the complete cause of magnet Densification effectively avoids the abnormal growth of magnet crystal grain, and sintering temperature is excessively high in sintering process can lead to magnet burning, go out Existing abnormal grain growth, too low this of sintering temperature can lead to magnet underburnt, and magnet density is too low, the declines such as remanent magnetism;
(4)By step(3)Treated, and that neodymium iron boron magnetic body is placed in is cooling in inert gas environment, and argon may be selected in the inert gas That is, under protection of argon gas gas is quickly cooled down to obtain Sintered NdFeB magnet by circulating cooling wind turbine;Alternatively, can also adopt It is substituted inert gas with nitrogen, hydrogen and is cooled down.
Preferably, the step(1)In molding neodymium iron boron magnetic body be cylinder, wherein containing 0.02-0.06wt%'s Antioxidant.
Embodiment 2
Step(4)In be placed in inert gas environment cooling, be specially cooled to 600-650 DEG C using air quenching, it is then naturally cold But it to 400-450 DEG C, comes out of the stove after air quenching is cooled to room temperature again;Other steps are the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3
Step(1)In inert gas can be filled with into sintering furnace while vacuumize, so that inert gas pressure is stablized and exist 100-200Pa waits after the completion of keeping the temperature that stopping is filled with inert gas, is evacuated to the vacuum degree of setting;The inert gas is optional With argon gas, because of argon gas convection current, the more easily quilt when vacuumizing such as gas, volatile materials, organic matter that sintering process is released Argon gas is taken out of, has good sintering atmosphere, protection green compact not oxidized;Other steps are the same as embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
The step(1), step(2)Heating, in insulating process, can be passed through toward sintering furnace periodically according to cycle time lazy Property gas;The cycle time includes duration of ventilation and interval time;The duration of ventilation is 10-20s;The interval time is 1-20 times of duration of ventilation;Argon gas can be selected in the inert gas, because of argon gas convection current, the gas of sintering process releasing, volatilization Property substance, organic matter etc. be easier to be taken out of by argon gas when vacuumizing, there is good sintering atmosphere, protect green compact not by oxygen Change;Other steps are the same as embodiment 1.
Staged heating of the present invention carries out pre-burning to neodymium iron boron magnetic body so that outside neodymium iron boron magnetic body and the temperature at center is terraced Degree becomes smaller, when reaching sintering temperature so that the central part of neodymium iron boron green compact is rapidly achieved sintering temperature, improves sintering neodymium iron The density and magnet performance of boron green compact;It is real by being sintered in-furnace temperature in such a way that both air quenching and natural cooling are combined Existing neodymium iron boron green compact tempering, energy-saving effect is apparent, and the magnet performance prepared is without significant difference;It is heating up and is keeping the temperature simultaneously In the process utilize inert gas convection current so that sintering process release gas, volatile materials when vacuumizing by inert gas It takes out of, protection neodymium iron boron green compact is not oxidized.
The above is only the better embodiment of the present invention, therefore all constructions according to described in present patent application range, The equivalent change or modification that feature and principle are done, is included within the scope of present patent application.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Molding neodymium iron boron magnetic body is placed in sintering furnace, through 150-180 minutes heating-up times from room temperature after vacuumizing To 750-850 DEG C of the first temperature, 20-40 minutes are kept the temperature;
By step(1)Treated, and neodymium iron boron magnetic body was warming up to second temperature 1000-1050 by 60-70 minutes heating-up times DEG C, keep the temperature 10-30 minutes;
By step(2)Treated, and neodymium iron boron magnetic body was warming up to third temperature 1050-1100 by 0-10 minutes heating-up times DEG C, keep the temperature 300-350 minutes;
By step(3)Treated, and neodymium iron boron magnetic body is placed in cooling in inert gas environment, obtains Sintered NdFeB magnet.
2. neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(4)In be placed in inertia It is cooled down in gas, being filled with inert gas air quenching for use is cooled to 600-650 DEG C, then naturally cools to 400-450 DEG C, again Air quenching is come out of the stove after being cooled to room temperature.
3. neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(1)In vacuumize It can be filled with inert gas into sintering furnace simultaneously, so that inert gas pressure in stove is stablized in 100-200Pa, wait after the completion of keeping the temperature, Stopping is filled with inert gas, is evacuated to the vacuum degree of setting.
4. neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(1), step(2)'s In heating, insulating process, inert gas can be passed through toward sintering furnace periodically according to cycle time;The cycle time includes logical Gas time and interval time;The duration of ventilation is 10-20s;The interval time is 1-20 times of duration of ventilation.
5. neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(1)It is burnt after vacuumizing Vacuum degree is less than or equal to 2Pa in freezing of a furnace.
6. neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(4)Middle inert gas For argon gas.
7. neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(4)In nitrogen can be used Gas substitutes inert gas and is cooled down.
8. neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The molding neodymium iron boron magnetic body is Cylinder.
CN201810572612.6A 2018-06-06 2018-06-06 A kind of neodymium iron boron magnetic body sintering process Pending CN108637249A (en)

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109590463A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-09 浙江中杭新材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of high-coercive force neodymium iron boron magnetic body
CN109637767A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-16 浙江中杭新材料科技有限公司 A kind of sintering method of neodymium iron boron magnetic body
CN109686557A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-26 宁波中杭磁材有限公司 A kind of preparation method of corrosion-resistant Ne-Fe-B magnet
CN112038084A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-04 安徽万磁电子有限公司 Sintering process for magnet production

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CN106601459A (en) * 2016-12-09 2017-04-26 京磁材料科技股份有限公司 Sintering method for reducing carbon content of NdFeB magnet
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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109590463A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-09 浙江中杭新材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation method of high-coercive force neodymium iron boron magnetic body
CN109637767A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-16 浙江中杭新材料科技有限公司 A kind of sintering method of neodymium iron boron magnetic body
CN109686557A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-26 宁波中杭磁材有限公司 A kind of preparation method of corrosion-resistant Ne-Fe-B magnet
CN109637767B (en) * 2018-12-18 2020-08-21 浙江中杭新材料科技有限公司 Sintering method of neodymium iron boron magnet
CN109590463B (en) * 2018-12-18 2021-03-09 浙江中杭新材料科技有限公司 Preparation method of high-coercivity neodymium-iron-boron magnet
CN109686557B (en) * 2018-12-18 2021-08-10 宁波中杭磁材有限公司 Preparation method of corrosion-resistant neodymium iron boron magnet
CN112038084A (en) * 2020-09-08 2020-12-04 安徽万磁电子有限公司 Sintering process for magnet production

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Application publication date: 20181012