CN1086368C - Garbage concrete and its technology - Google Patents

Garbage concrete and its technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1086368C
CN1086368C CN97106776A CN97106776A CN1086368C CN 1086368 C CN1086368 C CN 1086368C CN 97106776 A CN97106776 A CN 97106776A CN 97106776 A CN97106776 A CN 97106776A CN 1086368 C CN1086368 C CN 1086368C
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China
Prior art keywords
binder
rubbish
halogen
garbage
concrete
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CN97106776A
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CN1219518A (en
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高峻
平剑
郑贻生
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ZHONGSHENG INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd SHANGHAI
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ZHONGSHENG INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd SHANGHAI
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Publication of CN1219518A publication Critical patent/CN1219518A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/0048Fibrous materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B18/00Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04Waste materials; Refuse
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/30Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
    • C04B28/32Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses garbage concrete and a process thereof, which is characterized in that the garbage concrete comprises components by weight percentage: 50% to 85% of garbage and 15% to 50% of binder, wherein the binder is prepared from lightly burned magnesia, halogen sheet or halogen powder, water and modifying agent; the binder comprises components by weight percentage: 52% to 58% of lightly burned magnesia, 20% to 25% of halogen sheet or halogen powder, 20% to 25% of water and 0.5% to 2% of modifying agent. The present invention provides a novel pathway for treating urban garbage with low cost and large scale, and the present invention has no need of huge amount of investment in China and has no new garbage generation; the present invention is favorable for environmental protection, and the garbage concrete has the advantages of no toxin and harmless, odorlessness, light weight, low cost and wide application, and the pressure resisting strength is from 2Mpa to 8MPa.

Description

Garbage concrete and technology thereof
The present invention relates to environmental protection and new building material technical field, specifically utilize rubbish to produce garbage concrete and production technique thereof.
Existing waste disposal method mainly contains landfill, burning and stacking three major types.
Advanced country abroad is the method for the processing municipal wastes of the best to build garbage incinerating power plant.Treatment of urban garbage has developed into new high-tech industry in some developed country, has both helped environment protection, has saved a large amount of starting material and the energy again.In these countries,, just accomplished the rubbish packing, transported that classification is handled by class from this cell of family.The rubbish that can burn is used for burning electricity generation.
But burning electricity generation several aspects below are difficult to tally with the national condition:
1, in China, real life level and civilization degree temporarily do not reach the domestic refuse Complete Classification of each family and handle.
2, burning electricity generation only is the part of municipal wastes, and on the one hand the required rubbish of burning electricity generation must reach certain fuel value, and the municipal wastes that a large amount of low molecule inorganicss constitutes can't be used for burning electricity generation, for example building waste etc.; On the other hand, the resistates of burning electricity generation still needs landfill.
3, burning electricity generation still produce to pollute atmosphere, the plastics in the municipal wastes (particularly chloride etc. objectionable impurities), and the gas during burning has serious destruction to atmospheric ozone layer.
4, build burning electricity generation factory and need huge investment.We compare the landfill of existing treating refuse, the method for burning with " garbage concrete ", just obviously find out their investment and the difference of economic results in society from following table:
Refuse treatment investment and benefit are relatively
Garbage concrete Landfill Burn
Day output (ton) 6000 (annual 1800000 tons)
Floor space (mu) 60 ?4000 200
Gross investment (ten thousand yuan/year) 5000 ?5000 3,300,000,000 yuan of disposable inputs
Annual value of production (hundred million yuan) 6 Do not have Founding the factory does not have the output value in two years
Economic benefit (profit) (ten thousand yuan) 6000,20 years totally 12 hundred million yuan There are not 1,000,000,000 yuan of national total expenditures in 20 years In average 1.6 hundred million first year, recouped capital outlay in 20 years
Landfill and stacking: the traditional method of Shi Yonging for a long time, the method that still generally use in present most of city, this method is to waste, environment damage, the burden of country and the hazardness that people are lived of resource (resources such as soil and rubbish), being obvious to all, also is disgustful.
Except landfill and burning method, also have some new methods both at home and abroad to refuse treatment.As Japanese railway synthetic study institute research and utilization depleted non-combustible waste as the rail quieter material; First the organic waste treatment unit in Shanghai can become harmless favourable organic feed by additive with organic waste, also leftovers can be become feed through microbial fermentation; Utilize plastic waste oiling technology in addition, prepare to open up " second oil field " or the like.These all are to refuse treatment and good thinking of utilizing once more and test direction, but these also all are faced with the practical difficulty of " rubbish needs go-no-go, classification to handle ", and can only be that wherein sub-fraction is utilized.
The big city of the world today all faces the serious threat of " garbage-surrounded city ".Rubbish, " refuse " that this can't suppress to increase become the major issue that has influence on national economy.If can not deal carefully with these municipal wastess, must overflow.Have data to show, whole nation rubbish storage over the years has been occupied more than 500,000,000 square metre of soil up to more than 60 hundred million tons, and wherein the domestic waste 90 percent or more does not obtain handling, a pile it, have more than 200 city to be absorbed among the rubbish encirclement.It is reported that Beijing has 450 diameters at the scrap heap more than 50 meters, the arable land that the suburb is accounted for by rubbish has surpassed 10000 mu, and the place in 30 kilometers of Beijing outside the citys has been difficult to find the place of heap garbage again; In Shanghai, the scrap heap that surpasses 20 square metres has 2000 places; In Guangzhou, suburb rubbish takes up an area of 69 hectares; Even in many small cities, the view of rubbish horizontal stroke " corpse " wilderness, filthy four streams also is seen everywhere.Along with society and expanding economy, environmental pollutions such as sewage, waste gas, hot-tempered sound, tropical island effect are arrived in the suburb with people's body in city and are lived, if piled with rubbish on the soil in suburb, where will people base oneself upon again so? and, rubbish can distribute stench, grows mosquitos and flies, polluted source, spread disease, how could people live and work in peace and contentment again so?
" earth has only one ", in today that the global environmental protection consciousness of protecting grows to even greater heights, radical cure " garbage-surrounded city " has become people's common voice.In recent years, the National People's Congress of big and medium-sized cities such as China Guangzhou, Nanjing, Beijing all has this to be appealed or proposal, urges government to accelerate to solve the municipal wastes problem.At present, the collection of China's domestic waste, clear, handle basically and bear by government.Mentionlet alone the city of financial strain makes garbage as resource,, also be unattainable exactly will reach innoxious purpose.The treatment process of simple stacking or simple and easy burning is adopted in the present refuse treatment of China mostly, and the way of this " founding a room in the strange land " is not only wasted a large amount of energy and money every year, and the resources loss that causes reaches hundred million yuan of 250-300.It is reported that Beijing produces 13000 tons of rubbish every day, only have an appointment 31% by sanitary landfill, 2% compost treatment, 0.8% burns, and all the other are most of to be air storage.In Shanghai, only the social life rubbish that average every day produces of urban district is with regard to 8000 tons more than (peak day, quantity of refuse was up to 13000 tons), and the output of annual rubbish is up to more than 300 ten thousand tons, and increases progressively with the amplitude of annual 5-7%.And the city is used for sanitary fund input every year, does not comprise that capital construction project just reaches about 1,000,000,000 yuan.Just become the focal issue that country and citizen are concerned about so how rubbish to handle, whom pays garbage fees by.It is reported that Pekinese's domestic refuse every year is fallen as the refuse treatment this growth with 6% speed increment, 15 of the landfill yards that need construction day treating refuse is 1000 tons, year is taken up an area of 1000 mu, and annual not including collected, transported, and only the expense of sanitary landfill is just up to 1.5 hundred million yuan.And the annual environmental sanitation funds in the whole city have only more than 100,000,000 yuan of Renminbi, if handle in the burning mode, then need tens00000000 yuan every year.Even Beijing is like this, the annual 1.3 hundred million tons of rubbish that produce of National urban, its handling will be an astronomical figure.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of domestic refuse of utilizing to make concrete and production technique thereof, it can be on a large scale, change municipal wastes into resource at low cost.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that garbage concrete, it is characterized in that: the components by weight percent of described garbage concrete is: rubbish 50-85%, binder 15-50%; Binder is made up of magnesia unslacked, halogen sheet or halogen powder, water and adjustment agent, and the weight percent of this binder is: magnesia unslacked 52-58%, halogen sheet or halogen powder 20-25%, water 20-25%, adjustment agent 0.5-2%.
The technology of garbage concrete, it is characterized in that: the water that with the binder components by weight percent is 20-25% is dissolved to the solution that degree Beaume is the 23-28 degree with halogen sheet or the halogen powder of 20-25%, the adjustment agent that adds 0.5-2% then, deployed solution being added to stirs in the magnesia unslacked of 52-58% again makes binder, add the binder mixing and stirring in the rubbish after will handling at last, make garbage concrete, its components by weight percent is rubbish 50-85%, binder 15-50%.
The binder of this garbage concrete is mainly selected low-cost ore deposit raw material magnesia unslacked and salt byproduct halogen sheet or halogen powder for use, not only associativity is good, and low price, production technique is simple and easy to do, different proportionings according to binder and rubbish, it can be widely used in the making roadbed, make wave resistance stone, artificial hillock etc., for realizing low cost, handling municipal wastes on a large scale a new approach is provided, thereby fundamentally solved the problem of municipal wastes, and municipal wastes need not classification, need not the huge investment of country, and no new municipal wastes produces.This technology is that the city composting is made raw material, by biological, Chemical Physics Processing, generates useful materials nuisanceless, no regenerated waste.This rubbish novel material is nontoxic, harmless, tasteless, light weight, inexpensive and of many uses, and ultimate compression strength can reach 2-8Mpa as required.Concrete as:
1, builds road foundation
" garbage concrete " builds road foundation, is one of main path that consumes on a large scale municipal wastes.The road model of having done from us detects through the expert, its intensity far surpasses the requirement of strength of the above High-Grade Highway Subgrade of the desired one-level of national highway department, permeability performance is good, the ultimate compression strength height, and performance and effect can replace original rubble, flyash etc. fully.Through calculating, the annual only rubbish in urban district, Shanghai just can be built more than 200 kilometer of 50 meter wide, the highway subgrade of 30 cm thicks.
2, river, river, sea wall
With the river sea wall that " garbage concrete " built, because the inside of dykes and dams is identical with surperficial intensity, be an integral body, pile up as megalith and form.In addition, this material alkali resistant corrosive nature is better, and in seawater, performance is become better and better over a period to come.So such river sea wall intensity will be considerably beyond the river sea wall of building with sandy soil and stone.
3, wave resistance stone
A large amount of wave resistance stone all will be thrown in the national fishing shelf of coastal dike, to reduce the destruction (particularly harbour, harbour) of wave to sea wall.Our " garbage concrete ", intensity is more and more higher in seawater, adapt to alkaline condition especially, and cost also is significantly less than the wave resistance stone of cement system.
" garbage concrete " can replace other material of construction such as stone, yellow sand fully, is applied to build road foundation, river, river sea wall and wave resistance stone.Like this municipal wastes of enormous amount under low-cost, extensive, no regenerated waste, the prerequisite easily implemented again, is converted into the useful materials that is used for urban construction through processing, has realized that municipal wastes turns waste into wealth, and becomes a kind of favourable renewable resource.
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of this garbage concrete
Fig. 2 is the process flow sheet of an embodiment of this garbage concrete
The invention will be further described and provide embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The present invention produces chemistry, physical reaction by binder and rubbish, reaches binder and rubbish uniform distribution between the binder that each component is formed, and generates stable aquation xln, and is as follows according to the geographic rubbish characteristic of pertinent data and chemical examination Shanghai:
The Shanghai domestic refuse is formed
Unit: weight %
Classification The kitchen is surplus Fruit Stationery Rubber and plastic Bamboo wood Fiber Metal Glass Slag stone Other
On average ?64.14 7.47 8.55 8.83 1.74 2.21 0.62 4.47 1.85 0.12
Shanghai City domestic refuse and ash
Analysis project Analytical results unit: %
Pericarp Fiber Stationery Rubber and plastic The kitchen is surplus Bamboo wood Mix
Ultimate analysis Carbon (C) 32.70 46.62 33.14 74.10 27.60 40.12 49.59
Hydrogen (H) 5.65 6.32 6.34 12.34 4.61 7.07 7.41
Oxygen (O) 36.63 35.74 36.99 5.80 24.77 44.05 27.26
Sulphur (S) 0.16 0.20 0.11 0.08 0.18 0.21 0.21
Nitrogen (N) 1.57 0.37 0.32 0.15 0.97 0.23 0.67
Chlorine (cL) 0.76 0.37 0.36 0.23 0.47 0.32 0.52
Moisture content (w) 5.88 2.53 5.49 0.81 3.86 6.38 3.10
Ash content (A) 16.65 7.85 17.25 6.49 37.54 1.62 11.24
Rubbish in this garbage concrete must carry out pre-treatment, Nonexpendable Item in the rubbish is sorted out recycling, super large block in the rubbish is pulverized, plastics bag in the rubbish and fiber are all shredded, the CaO that will account for the rubbish weight percent then and be 3-10% adds in the stand-by rubbish and stirs, be specially: desired rubbish is 0-40mm for the powder agglomates shape that is that adding CaO dewaters after disinfecting, be the rubbish of staple length less than 200mm, and moisture content is less than 15%, make the fully combination of rubbish and binder, strengthen its intensity; Binder in the technical program is crucial technology, selects ore deposit raw material magnesia unslacked and salt byproduct halogen sheet or halogen powder for use in order to reduce cost, and the MgO content in the magnesia unslacked is the MgCl in 75-90%, halogen sheet or the halogen powder 2Content is 44-46%, and according to the test of embodiment, used adjustment agent is: ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, sal epsom, potassium permanganate, urea-formaldehyde resin, ammonium chloride, hydrochloric acid, or one in them are to several combination, and the characteristic of binder is as follows:
The chemical constitution of binder:
8MgO·H 2O·3MgCl 2 81%
CaO 2SiO 2 19%
The technology of garbage concrete is: water is dissolved to halogen sheet or halogen powder the solution of degree Beaume 23-28 degree according to the above ratio, add in proportion then and adjust agent, be added to deployed solution in the magnesia unslacked in proportion again, stir and make binder, add the binder mixing and stirring in the rubbish after will handling at last.In the process of implementing, often adopt some machineries to be specially: the technology of garbage concrete, it is characterized in that: in changing stock tank, be that the water of 20-25% is dissolved to the solution that degree Beaume is the 23-28 degree with halogen sheet or the halogen powder of 20-25% with accounting for the binder components by weight percent, send into material-compound tank after flowing into former stock tank again, the adjustment agent that adds 0.5-2%, simultaneously the deployed solution of 42-48% from material-compound tank through water pump being injected grout mixer through feeding machine to grout mixer by the magnesia unslacked of the 52-58% of binder components by weight percent in the magnesia unslacked batch bin stirs, make binder, rubbish after will handling is at last sent into stirrer by the 50-85% of garbage concrete components by weight percent, the binder of 15-50% being pumped into stirrer simultaneously from grout mixer mixes and stirs, be transported to the construction site again, or carry out moulding and make finished product through maintenance.
Embodiment 1
Preparation technology by above-mentioned garbage concrete, with 23% water 2% halogen sheet being dissolved to degree Beaume in changing stock tank is 25 solution of spending, add 0.6% adjustment agent again, the component that this adjustment agent accounts for binder is: ferrous sulfate 0.5 ‰, potassium permanganate 0.5 ‰, hydrochloric acid 5 ‰, stir in the magnesia unslacked with deployed solution adding 55.4%, making binder, is 1 with binder and rubbish: 3-1 in proportion: 5 directly transport to the working-yard after stirring directly constructs with existing roadbed, artificial hillock constructional method.
Embodiment 2
Preparation technology by above-mentioned garbage concrete, with 21% water 22.0% halogen powder being dissolved to degree Beaume in changing stock tank is 26 solution of spending, add 0.8% adjustment agent again, the component that this adjustment agent accounts for binder is: ferrous sulfate 0.5 ‰, copper sulfate 0.45 ‰, sal epsom 0.45 ‰, potassium permanganate 0.5 ‰, urea-formaldehyde resin 0.55 ‰, ammonium chloride 0.05 ‰, hydrochloric acid 5.5 ‰ stirs in the magnesia unslacked with deployed solution adding 56.2%, make binder, with binder and rubbish is 1 in proportion: 1-1: 2 stir, and again according to the wave resistance piece, the specification that building block requires is poured the moulding of vibrating in the mould into, the demoulding in 24 hours, finishing back maintenance got final product in nearly one month.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of garbage concrete, it mainly comprises, it is characterized in that: the components by weight percent of described garbage concrete is: rubbish 50-85%, binder 15-50%; Binder is made up of magnesia unslacked, halogen sheet or halogen powder, water and adjustment agent, and the weight percent of this binder is: magnesia unslacked 52-58%, halogen sheet or halogen powder 20-25%, water 20-25%, adjustment agent 0.5-2%.The adjustment agent is: ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, sal epsom, potassium permanganate, urea-formaldehyde resin, ammonium chloride, hydrochloric acid, or one in them are to several combination.
2, by the described a kind of garbage concrete of claim 1, it is characterized in that: rubbish is the rubbish of fibrous length less than 200mm for the powder agglomates shape that is that adding CaO dewaters after disinfecting is 0-40mm.
3, by the described a kind of garbage concrete of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the MgO content in the magnesia unslacked is the MgCl in 75-90%, halogen sheet or the halogen powder 2Content is 44-46%.
4, press the technology of the described a kind of garbage concrete of claim 1, it is characterized in that: to use in conjunction with components by weight percent be that the water of 20-25% fuses the halogen sheet of 20-25% or halogen powder to degree Beaume is the solution of 23-28 degree, the adjustment agent that adds 0.5-2% then, deployed solution being added to stirs in the magnesia unslacked of 52-58% again makes binder, add the binder mixing and stirring in the rubbish after will handling at last, make garbage concrete, its components by weight percent is rubbish 50-85%, binder 15-50%.
5, technology by the described a kind of garbage concrete of claim 1, it is characterized in that: in changing stock tank, be that the water of 20-25% is dissolved to the solution that degree Beaume is the 23-28 degree with halogen sheet or the halogen powder of 20-25% with accounting for the binder components by weight percent, send into material-compound tank after flowing into former stock tank again, the adjustment agent that adds 0.5-2%, the magnesia unslacked of 52-58% of in the magnesia unslacked batch bin, pressing the binder components by weight percent through feeding machine to grout mixer, deployed solution with 42-45% stirs through water pump injection grout mixer from material-compound tank simultaneously, make binder, rubbish after will handling is at last sent into stirrer by the 50-85% of garbage concrete component, the binder of 15-50% being pumped into stirrer simultaneously from grout mixer mixes and stirs, be transported to the construction site again, or carry out moulding and make finished product through maintenance.
CN97106776A 1997-12-12 1997-12-12 Garbage concrete and its technology Expired - Fee Related CN1086368C (en)

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CN1086368C true CN1086368C (en) 2002-06-19

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1035813A (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-09-27 工业应用及研究公司中心股份有限公司 Make the method for granular building material with rubbish
CN1088187A (en) * 1993-07-09 1994-06-22 洪一兵 Make cement of low index---wall ash with life, industrial refuse

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1035813A (en) * 1987-03-19 1989-09-27 工业应用及研究公司中心股份有限公司 Make the method for granular building material with rubbish
CN1088187A (en) * 1993-07-09 1994-06-22 洪一兵 Make cement of low index---wall ash with life, industrial refuse

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