CN108633728A - A kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity - Google Patents
A kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity Download PDFInfo
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- CN108633728A CN108633728A CN201810395018.4A CN201810395018A CN108633728A CN 108633728 A CN108633728 A CN 108633728A CN 201810395018 A CN201810395018 A CN 201810395018A CN 108633728 A CN108633728 A CN 108633728A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the propagating method that a kind of high efficiency keeps corn inbred line Population and gene diversity, the group's seed for preparing passage is prepared into three phase corn seeds respectively according to previous generation numbers first, three corn seeding phases are set, it is the second phase according to the setting sowing time in local ordinary maize sowing time, three phase Seed of maize inbred is sowed respectively according to three corn seeding phases；In three phase corn inbred lines, because tassel bloom the spinning of too early female fringe too late due to the strain that cannot normally pollinate, by the latter phase with the pollen replacement geitonogamy of number strain；The female fringe too early tassel that spins is bloomed too late or degenerates the strain that cannot normally pollinate without powder, and geitonogamy is substituted with the pollen of number by the previous phase；The method of the present invention can make that character is excellent and individual that the florescence is uncoordinated stablizes passage, maintain inbred line population gene diversity, can high degree ensure the individual amount of corn inbred line group, improve breeding efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop breeding fields, and in particular to a kind of holding corn inbred line Population and gene are more
The propagating method of sample.
Background technology
Corn is one of most important cereal crops in the world, and it is more to have become grain, economy, feed, fruits and vegetables, energy etc.
First purposes crop.Corn germ plasm resource diversity is to meet the basis of all kinds of social purposes, multipurpose corn variety selection and breeding work
Meaning is particularly significant.Corn molecular breeding is the combination of molecular biology and corn traditional genetic breeding.Further investigation is beautiful
Meter You Liang economical characters need the gene of determination character being accurately positioned on chromosome, with will pass through molecular labeling into
The polymerization and utilization of row merit.The positioning of quantitative character and fine Structure Mapping are required to build a certain number of inbred line populations
Precondition as further investigation.
Corn inbred line group is in being selfed succeeding generations it occur frequently that carrying important character (such as Resistant, drought-enduring, waterlogging
The merits such as stain) individual lose, cause group's genotypic diversity lose.Due to Population caused by accidental sexual factor
Loss situation includes the empty bar of plant, empty bud, tassel degeneration, pest and disease damage, goes mouldy, male, miscellaneous powder pollution etc. of breaking.
It is that the self-breds corn male and female florescence is uncoordinated to cause the major reason that maize population self-mating system quantity is reduced.It is beautiful
There are two rice male and female florescence uncoordinated reasons：When determined due to self-mating system hereditary capacity itself, it itself is difficult to breed, this
It is uncoordinated that kind of situation show the florescence under normal operation, is not easy obtained seed.Second is that some self-mating systems are to poor environment
Condition responsive, when environmental condition is normal, male and female flower synchronization, performance is coordinated；When meeting severe drought or continuous high temperature occur
Weather, male flower easily does sth. in advance loose powder very much, and filigree then delays stretching, misses pollination period and cannot pollinate, and may occur in which sky fringe or part
Solid phenomenon.
In production application, the problem of corn flowering asynchronism, mainly influences corn hybridization breeding, shows as breeding
The flowering asynchronism of parent parent in journey, the female parent phase of reeling off raw silk from cocoons miss the male parent loose powder phase and lead to not solid or a large amount of underproduction.It grinds the country
Study carefully and solve the problems, such as that there are many this method, mainly solved by agronomy and cultural method, concrete measure includes selection without florescence problem
Parent, adjust Parent plantation sequence, liquid manure promote developmental process, setting male parent plant number of iterations and combine manually award
Powder etc..However the target difference that hybrid seeding and self-mating system pass on is big, for the inbred line population of simple grain passage, borrows
The meaning of mirror cross breeding method is limited.
For the reduction of Selfing avoidance Population and the loss of group's gene diversity, pass on common as follows in practical operation
Method：One, expand F2 for Base of population, single plant quantity of leaving is reduced naturally, to ensureing minimum group's usage amount when stablizing algebraically；
Two, increase group's cultivated area, expand single plant coefficient amount, each strain plants 1 row, and often 10 plants of row or more, life is exchanged for quantity
Deposit probability.Main problem is existing for these methods, can only avoid accidental sexual factor, is not avoided that the germ plasm resource of flowering asynchronism
It loses.Meanwhile the inbred line population of single cropping batch, if being influenced by unfavourable weather condition in the spinning loose powder critical period, meeting
There is group to pollinate obstacle, and to be likely to occur the florescence uncoordinated and lead to not award for the germplasm materials of a part of humiture sensitivity
Powder passes on.When therefore solving the above passage problem on obstacle, need to propose a kind of passage side solving many factors influence
Method.
Invention content
The technical issues of to solve in the prior art, the present invention provide a kind of high efficiency holding corn inbred line Population
And the propagating method of gene diversity.
The present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity, which is characterized in that including with
Lower specific steps：
(1) the group's seed for preparing passage is prepared into three phase corn seeds respectively according to previous generation numbers, three phase corns are certainly
Friendship be it is identical number (such as 1-1,2-1,3-1) strain seed be same fruit ear (No. 1 fruit ear of previous generation) middle part it is full
Seed；
(2) be arranged three corn seeding phases, according to local ordinary maize sowing time setting the sowing time be the second phase, first
Phase is the second phase to being pushed forward 7 days, and the third phase is the second phase to pusher 7 days, and three phases jade is sowed respectively according to three corn seeding phases
Rice self-mating system seed (such as 1-1,2-1,3-1)；
In (3) three phase corn inbred lines, because tassel bloom the spinning of too early female fringe too late due to the strain that cannot normally pollinate, by
The latter phase substitutes geitonogamy with the pollen of number strain；The too early tassel of female fringe spinning blooms too late or degenerates cannot be just without powder
The strain often pollinated substitutes geitonogamy by the previous phase with the pollen of number.
Three seeds of each bunch planting kind, each cave seed are a number.
Preferably, ensureing to stay one plant of strong sprout per cave when final singling.
Preferably, the corn inbred line that each date of seeding male and female are coordinated carries out normal pollination self in duration of flowering.
Preferably, the self-mating system tassel of the first and second date of seeding is bloomed, too early female fringe spinning cannot normally pollinate too late
Strain substitutes geitonogamy by second and third date of seeding with the pollen of number strain.
Preferably, the self-mating system female fringe of second and third date of seeding is spun too early tassel bloom too late (or degenerating without powder) without
The strain that can normally pollinate substitutes geitonogamy by the pollen of the same number of the first and second date of seeding.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The three phase self-mating systems of this method respectively plant for 5~7 days by interval, forms three batches of gradient growing ways, the male and female florescence is uncoordinated
Corn inbred line can find the plant pollination passage of corresponding coordination in other batches, obtain full solid fruit ear.
Three sowing time difference maize planting inbred line populations are arranged in this method, and each batch developmental process is different, and fertility is closed
Key time point is staggered, and avoids the extreme weathers such as continuous high temperature and drought, cloudy weather for several days running while influencing the pollination knot of each batch self-mating system
It is real.
Three phase of this method is complementary, is avoided to the full extent due to feelings of being short of seedling caused by single plant inherent cause or environmental factor
There is the strain division of history into periods in condition.
The pollination of the invention complementary extreme material that can ensure to reel off raw silk from cocoons or bloom is passed on, and is the extreme early blossoming of selection and breeding or late
Colored strain provides material foundation, can form the characteristic parent material that homophyletic male and female are not met.
The present invention ensure that the quantity of inbred line population to greatest extent, provide wider genotype and phenotype offspring's material
Material is conducive to improve germplasm initiative efficiency.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that aspergillus flavus resisting inbred line population passes on quantity attenuation trend figure.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment, it is to be understood that the guarantor of the present invention
Shield range is not restricted by specific implementation.
Embodiment 1:
The corn inbred line progeny population of the present embodiment be aspergillus flavus resisting corn germplasm inbred line population (pedigree be H152 ×
PI143).The group carries out simple grain passages with F2 300 seeds of generation, reach F4 for when to keep self-mating system total amount be 200 plants.It uses
Three phases mutually awarded guarantor's amount plus the method in generation passes on, and specifically included following steps：
1. seed preparation.The F4 for preparing passage is divided into three batches, the identical strain number of each of three batches for seed
(such as 1-1,2-1,3-1) is all from the middle part plump seed of same fruit ear (No. 1 fruit ear), per the plantation of 3, cave.
2. determining sowing time.Using the local corn conventional seed planting phase as the second phase, using the second phase to being pushed forward 7 days as first
Sowing time phase, backward delay are used as the sowing time third phase in 7 days.
3. single cave is propagated.The seed in each cave is a number.
4. standard final singling.Ensure to stay one plant of strong sprout per cave when final singling.
5. pollination self.Each batch corn inbred line is required to carry out normal pollination self work in respective duration of flowering
Make.
6. because tassel is bloomed too early, female fringe is spun too late, and the strain that cannot normally pollinate is caused, by the latter phase with number strain
The pollen of system substitutes pollination, and first and second phase of guarantee can obtain normally 2 fruit ears of pollination.In the missing first phase or third phase plant
In the case of, other two phases, which can guarantee, receives 1 Mormal ear, and in missing second phase plant, third phase pollen
Can be that the pollination of first phase female fringe obtains 1 fruit ear.Powder is taken to pollinate immediately when third phase tassel being required just to start loose powder at this time, to the greatest extent
Amount reduces by female fringe stand-by period phase, obtains a small amount of seed and can be used for passage.
7. female fringe spinning is too early, tassel is bloomed too late or degenerates the strain that cannot normally pollinate without powder, same by the previous phase
The pollen of number substitutes pollination, and two, three phases of guarantee can obtain two fruit ears of normal pollination.In the missing first phase or third phase plant
In the case of, other two phases, which can guarantee, receives a Mormal ear, and in missing second phase plant, first phase pollen also may be used
Think that the pollination of third phase female fringe obtains a fruit ear.
8. the corn ear of each strain dries kept dry after threshing.
Comparative example 1：
Each strain is by a seed descent since F2 generations for single seed descent, that is, hybrid Population, and selection is big when planting supreme generation
Single plant kind is measured into strain, reselection elite plant strain carries out yield trials.Whole strains in F2 generations can theoretically be passed with simple grain
Method retains and shows in offspring.This comparative example corn inbred line progeny population is aspergillus flavus resisting corn germplasm self-mating system group
Body (pedigree is H152 × PI143).Group is carried out with F2 300 seeds of generation per the passage of cave simple grains, reach F4 for when keep being selfed
Be total amount be 200 plants.Continuation is passed in the method that simple grain passes, and specifically includes following steps：
1. seed preparation.From F4 for plump seed 3 in the middle part of being chosen on the fruit ear of each strain in group.
2. selecting sowing time.It is suitable sowing date according to the local corn conventional seed planting phase.
3. single cave is sowed.It is numbered for strain according to former F4, unified distance between rows and hills, per 3, cave, sequence is sowed line by line, per cave kind
The corresponding F4 of son number is numbered for strain.
4. standard final singling.Ensure to stay one plant of strong sprout per cave when final singling.
5. pollination self.Corn strain carries out artificial autocopulation's pollination according to the respective florescence.
6. fruit ear harvests.According to number, each fruit ear individually harvests, and is preserved after threshing drying.
Assays Example one：Population keeps measuring
1 two kinds of propagating method offspring's conservation rate comparisons of table
| Group | F4 is for Population | F5 is for Population | Offspring's conservation rate |
| Comparative example 1 | 200 | 166 | 83% |
| Embodiment 1 | 200 | 196 | 98% |
Note：Comparative example is the single seed descent of single phase sowing；Embodiment is that inbred line population guarantor measures passage method.
As shown in Table 1：As a comparison case with common simple grain passage method, with aspergillus flavus resisting corn germplasm inbred line population F4 generations
200 plants of material carries out individual plant selfing passage according to the method for ordinary maize group passaging techniques " simple grain biography ", is passed on by sowing in spring
After process, including material caused by all kinds of factors is lost and amounts to 34 plants, and it is 166 to obtain filial generation fruit ear sum, offspring's conservation rate
83%.
Inbred line population guarantor measures passage method, equally using F4 for population material as parental generation, pass through the guarantor of three phases pollen complementation amount
It propagates plus for method, after spring sowing succeeding generations, including irresistible internal factor (each batch seed is not sprouted) is made
At material lose total 4 plants, it is 196 to obtain filial generation fruit ear sum, offspring's conservation rate 98%.
Assays Example two：The passage of aspergillus flavus resistance populations self-mating system quantity measures
2 aspergillus flavus resistance populations self-mating system quantity of table passes on attenuation meter
Note：Comparative example is the single seed descent of single phase sowing；Embodiment comes into effect guarantor from F4 generations and measures passage method
Aspergillus flavus resisting corn inbred line group is built using the propagating method of conventional " simple grain biography ", F2 is for group's total amount 300
Strain, it is 241 plants remaining to F3 generations through natural selection, then reach 200 plants of F4 generations residue.Implement comparative example method respectively since F4 generations
Guarantor, which is mutually awarded, with three phases measures passage method.(comparative example F1~F6 generations are single seed descent, and embodiment F1~F4 is on behalf of simple grain by table 2 and Fig. 1
In biography method, F4~F6 generations, implement guarantor and measure passage method) the results show that comparative example passes two generations to F6 generations through F4, lose 57 plants of self-mating system, phase
To F4 for total amount conservation rate 71.5%, annual loss late 15%.Three phases mutually awarded guarantor's amount passage method embodiment and passed for two generations extremely by F4
In F6 generations, 11 plants of self-mating system is lost, opposite F4 is obtained for total amount conservation rate 94.5%, annual loss late 3%, group's attenuation trend
Apparent control.Three phases pollen provided by the invention, which mutually awards guarantor's amount and propagates, to be added for method, apparent in terms of control group attenuation trend
Better than comparative example method.
The conservation rate comparison of the self-mating system of resistance containing aspergillus flavus in 3 two kinds of propagating method offsprings of table
Note：Comparative example 1 is the single seed descent of single phase sowing.Embodiment 1 is that group guarantor measures passage method
F5 passes through Aspergillus flavus inoculation test for corn inbred line group, preferably provides the self-mating system of aspergillus flavus resistance
44 plants.Since the research purpose of aspergillus flavus resisting inbred line population structure is to study the positioning of corn aspergillus flavus resisting toxin gene, because
This will keep stablizing passage being core missions with the self-mating system of aspergillus flavus resistance.It is required according to this research, is implemented by comparing
Two kinds of propagating methods obtain 3 result of table.The guarantor's amount mutually awarded by three phase pollen propagates plus for method, and F6 resists in population material
44 plants of wholes of aspergillus flavus corn inbred line are passed on reservation, conservation rate 100%.Resistance self-mating system offspring protects in contrast method
36 plants are held, loses 8 plants, aspergillus flavus resisting corn inbred line conservation rate is 81%.The result shows that three phases pollen provided by the invention is mutual
Corn important character material resources and gene diversity can be protected by way of keeping Population by awarding guarantor's amount propagating method
Property.
The above is the specific implementation mode of the present invention, cannot limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
It encloses, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, may be used also
To make several improvement and variation, these are improved and variation is also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity, which is characterized in that including following
Specific steps：
(1) the group's seed for preparing passage is prepared into three phase corn seeds, three phase corn inbred lines respectively according to previous generation numbers
The seed of identical number strain is the middle part plump seed of same fruit ear；
(2) three corn seeding phases are set, are the second phase according to the setting sowing time in local ordinary maize sowing time, the first phase is
The second phase, the third phase was the second phase to pusher 5~7 days, sows for three phases respectively according to three corn seeding phases to being pushed forward 5~7 days
Seed of maize inbred；
In (3) three phase corn inbred lines, because tassel bloom the spinning of too early female fringe too late due to the strain that cannot normally pollinate, by latter
Phase substitutes geitonogamy with the pollen of number strain；The too early tassel of female fringe spinning blooms too late or degenerates cannot normally award without powder
The strain of powder substitutes geitonogamy by the previous phase with the pollen of number.
2. a kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The first phase is the second phase to being pushed forward 7 days, and the third phase is the second phase to pusher 7 days.
3. a kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Three seeds of each bunch planting kind, each cave seed are a number.
4. a kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：Ensure to stay one plant of strong sprout per cave when final singling.
5. a kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The corn inbred line that each date of seeding male and female are coordinated carries out normal pollination self in duration of flowering.
6. a kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The self-mating system tassel of first and second date of seeding is bloomed the strain that the spinning of too early female fringe cannot normally pollinate too late, by
Second and third date of seeding, substitutes geitonogamy with the pollen of number strain.
7. a kind of propagating method keeping corn inbred line Population and gene diversity according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The too early tassel of self-mating system female fringe spinning of second and third date of seeding blooms too late or degenerates and cannot normally be awarded without powder
The strain of powder substitutes geitonogamy by the pollen of the same number of the first and second date of seeding.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109197435A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 河南农业大学 | The method for improving fruit ear setting percentage by different corn variety companion croppings |
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| CN105145346A (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2015-12-16 | 李宁辉 | Method for hybridized combination of corn selfing line |
| CN106386081A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-15 | 张掖市农业科学研究院 | Pollination method for increasing maize haploid induced seed setting rate |
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| CN109197435A (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2019-01-15 | 河南农业大学 | The method for improving fruit ear setting percentage by different corn variety companion croppings |
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Application publication date: 20181012 |