CN108632694B - Electronic product capable of attenuating microphone noise - Google Patents

Electronic product capable of attenuating microphone noise Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108632694B
CN108632694B CN201810933041.4A CN201810933041A CN108632694B CN 108632694 B CN108632694 B CN 108632694B CN 201810933041 A CN201810933041 A CN 201810933041A CN 108632694 B CN108632694 B CN 108632694B
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China
Prior art keywords
microphone
audio transmission
electronic product
transmission channel
front cavity
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CN201810933041.4A
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CN108632694A (en
Inventor
胡腾飞
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Goertek Techology Co Ltd
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Goertek Techology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04RLOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/08Mouthpieces; Microphones; Attachments therefor
    • H04R1/083Special constructions of mouthpieces
    • H04R1/086Protective screens, e.g. all weather or wind screens

Abstract

The invention discloses an electronic product capable of attenuating microphone noise, which comprises a microphone and a shell, wherein a plurality of sound inlet holes are formed in the shell, an independent audio transmission channel is respectively formed between each sound inlet hole and the microphone, and the length of each audio transmission channel is larger than the vertical distance from the microphone to the shell; each audio transmission channel jointly forms a front cavity of the microphone, the equivalent sound volume Ca of the front cavity is less than or equal to Co, and Co is the equivalent sound volume of the front cavity of the microphone determined according to the high-frequency cutoff frequency of a microphone single body and the requirement of an application scene of an electronic product on the high-frequency cutoff frequency. According to the invention, the front cavity of the microphone is specially designed, so that the high-frequency response performance of the microphone is ensured, and the wind noise protection capability of the electronic product is improved.

Description

Electronic product capable of attenuating microphone noise
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of noise suppression, and particularly relates to a technology capable of effectively attenuating microphone noise.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people and the continuous enhancement of health consciousness, more and more people can choose proper physical activities to exercise after working. Running and riding are common exercise modes at present, and electronic products such as sports headphones and riding glasses can listen to music and calls in the exercise process, so that sports fun of a user can be greatly increased.
However, when people run and ride, a large air flow can be generated to flow from the sound inlet of the electronic product to the microphone, so that a large wind noise is generated, and when people talk, the counterpart can only hear wind sound, but hear the content of unclear speaking, thereby seriously affecting the talk quality.
Fig. 1 shows a prior art structural design of an electronic product to a microphone front cavity. In laying the microphone 11 in the electronic product, the microphone 11 may be first laid on the PCB or FPC board 12, and then the PCB or FPC board 12 is mounted in the housing 13 of the electronic product at a distance from the inner wall 18 of the housing 13. An acoustic port 17 is formed in the housing 13 at a position facing the microphone 11. The mesh cloth 14 is attached to the inner wall 18 of the shell 13, and the sound inlet holes 17 are shielded by the mesh cloth 14 to play a role in dust prevention, water prevention and weak wind prevention. A ring of rubber sleeve 15 is arranged between the shell 13 and the PCB or FPC circuit board 12 and surrounds the microphone 11, and a cavity formed by surrounding the rubber sleeve 15 forms a front cavity 16 of the microphone 11, so that external sound can only be transmitted to the microphone 11 through the sound inlet 17, and adverse effects on the performance of echo and noise reduction algorithm of electronic products are avoided.
Because the existing electronic product with the built-in microphone is provided with the sound inlet 17 at the position, opposite to the microphone 11, on the shell 13, so that the volume of the front cavity 16 can be ensured to be minimum, and the situation that the response performance of the microphone 11 to high-frequency sound is reduced due to the fact that the design of the front cavity 16 is overlarge is avoided, however, the microphone 11 is opposite to the sound inlet 17, so that external airflow can directly reach the microphone 11, and then larger microphone noise appears in the sound picked up by the microphone 11, and the use experience of a user is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an electronic product capable of attenuating microphone noise, which can improve the wind noise protection capability of the electronic product while guaranteeing the high-frequency response performance of a microphone by specially designing the front cavity of the microphone.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
an electronic product capable of attenuating microphone noise comprises a microphone and a shell, wherein a plurality of sound inlet holes are formed in the shell, an independent audio transmission channel is formed between each sound inlet hole and the microphone, and the length of each audio transmission channel is larger than the vertical distance from the microphone to the shell; each audio transmission channel jointly forms a front cavity of the microphone, the equivalent sound volume Ca of the front cavity is less than or equal to Co, and Co is the equivalent sound volume of the front cavity of the microphone determined according to the high-frequency cutoff frequency of a microphone single body and the requirement of an application scene of an electronic product on the high-frequency cutoff frequency.
Wherein, the calculation formula of the sound volume Ca is as follows:where Ci is the equivalent sound volume of the ith audio transmission channel, and n is the total number of the audio transmission channels.
In order to effectively attenuate wind noise, when adjusting the sound volume Ca, one or more of the following modes are preferably adopted: (1) extending the length of the audio transmission channel; (2) increasing the number of audio transmission channels; (3) increasing the inner diameter of the audio transmission channel.
In order to simplify the design of the audio transmission channel, the opening position of each sound inlet on the shell is preferably staggered from the orthographic projection position of the microphone on the shell. Thus, even if the audio transmission channel is designed as a straight channel, the front cavity length of the microphone has been lengthened compared to conventional designs. The length of the front cavity of the microphone is increased, so that the propagation of airflow in the front cavity of the microphone can be attenuated, and then the effect of reducing wind noise is achieved.
In order to further hinder the propagation of wind noise-causing air currents in the audio transmission channel and achieve a greater attenuation of wind noise, the invention preferably designs the audio transmission channel as a non-linear channel, such as a meander line channel or a curved channel, etc.
In order to obtain a better wind noise suppression effect, a wind-proof foam is arranged in each audio transmission channel, and the selection of the material and the density of the wind-proof foam ensures that the sound of a receiving frequency band required by a microphone can penetrate through the wind-proof foam and be transmitted to the microphone.
Further, the microphone is arranged on the circuit board, the circuit board is arranged in the shell and is spaced apart from the shell by a certain distance, a sealant sleeve is arranged between the circuit board and the shell, the sealant sleeve comprises a bottom surface and an annular peripheral surface, the bottom surface is attached to the circuit board, the microphone is only allowed to pass through the bottom surface, and the cavity enclosed by the sealant sleeve and the shell is divided by using the separator to form each audio transmission channel.
Preferably, the spacer may be a portion of the housing protruding toward the bottom surface of the encapsulation and spaced apart from the bottom surface of the encapsulation. Alternatively, the spacer may be a rubber stopper attached to the inner wall of the housing and extending toward the bottom surface of the sealant sleeve, but spaced apart from the bottom surface of the sealant sleeve by a distance.
In order to play a role in dust prevention, water prevention and very weak wind prevention for the electronic product, a screen cloth is also attached to the position where the sound inlet hole is formed in the inner wall of the shell, and the sound inlet hole is shielded by the screen cloth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the invention, the length of the front cavity of the microphone is increased, so that the propagation energy of airflow in the front cavity is attenuated, and the effect of effectively inhibiting wind noise is achieved. Meanwhile, the invention sets up a plurality of sound inlet holes on the electronic product with the microphone, and forms an audio transmission channel between each sound inlet hole and the microphone, and forms the front cavity of the microphone by adopting a mode that a plurality of audio transmission channels are arranged in parallel, thereby reducing the equivalent sound volume of the front cavity of the microphone, ensuring that the response performance of the microphone to high-frequency sound is not influenced by the volume increase of the front cavity of the microphone, further obviously improving the sound receiving performance of the microphone and improving the use experience of users.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention, which is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microphone front cavity in a conventional electronic product;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a microphone front cavity in an electronic product according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
In improving the wind noise of microphones, the most common and straightforward method at present is to wrap a windbreak around the microphone, for example, a microphone used by some news reporters often found on television in bad weather outdoor reports, and a thick windbreak around the exterior of the microphone. However, this wind-proof noise reduction method is not suitable for an electronic product having a microphone built therein. In order to improve the wind noise prevention performance of the electronic product, the embodiment provides a design idea of increasing the volume of the front cavity of the microphone, and the propagation of airflow in the front cavity is attenuated by elongating the length of the front cavity of the microphone, so that the technical effect of improving the wind noise performance of the microphone is achieved. However, an increase in the volume of the front cavity of the microphone may decrease the high frequency response performance of the microphone, so that the high frequency cut-off frequency of sound that the microphone may pick up is shifted forward. For example, for a microphone that normally picks up 100Hz-10KHz sound, if its front cavity volume is increased, it may result in the microphone picking up only sound with frequencies in the range of 100Hz-6KHz, while sounds above 6KHz will not be picked up by the microphone, which may affect the normal use of the electronic product to some extent.
In order to prevent the response performance of the microphone to high-frequency sound from being affected by the increase of the volume of the front cavity of the microphone, the embodiment specially designs the front cavity of the microphone, adopts a way of arranging a plurality of sound inlet holes on the shell of an electronic product, designing independent audio transmission channels between each sound inlet hole and the microphone, designing the length of each audio transmission channel to be larger than the vertical distance from the microphone to the shell, namely, the length of each audio transmission channel to be larger than the length of the front cavity of the microphone in the traditional design, thereby realizing the lengthening of the length of the front cavity of the microphone, realizing the effect of reducing the noise of the microphone, simultaneously, because the front cavity of the microphone at the moment is formed by a plurality of audio transmission channels in parallel, and each audio transmission channel is acoustically equivalent to one sound volume Ci (electrically equivalent to one capacitor), the parallel design way of the plurality of audio transmission channels enables the sound volume Ca of the front cavity of the microphone to be equal to the equivalent sound volume Ci (i=1, … …, n is the total number of the audio transmission channels in parallel,
thereby making the equivalent sound volume Ca of the microphone front cavity smaller than the equivalent sound volume Ci of each audio transmission channel. By reducing the equivalent sound volume Ca of the front cavity of the microphone, the high-frequency cut-off frequency of the microphone to the sound can be shifted backwards, and the response performance of the microphone to the high-frequency sound is guaranteed.
In order to increase the length of the front cavity of the microphone, the sound inlet 27 is preferably not opposite to the microphone 21, as shown in fig. 2, that is, the opening position of each sound inlet 27 on the housing 23 is staggered from the orthographic projection position of the microphone 21 on the housing 23. Thus, the length L1, L2 of each audio transmission channel 26_1, 26_2 connecting the sound inlet 27 and the microphone 21 is greater than the length L of the conventional microphone front cavity 16 shown in fig. 1, and the effect of reducing wind noise is achieved by elongating the length of the microphone front cavity 26 to attenuate the propagation of wind in the cavity.
With the arrangement of the sound inlet 27 shown in fig. 2, each of the audio transmission channels 26_1, 26_2 may be designed as either a straight channel or a non-straight channel. Such as a serpentine channel (as shown in fig. 2), a curvilinear channel, a circuitous channel, etc. Since the attenuation effect of the nonlinear channel on the air flow propagation is better than that of the linear channel, the present embodiment preferably designs each of the audio transmission channels 26_1, 26_2 as a nonlinear channel to further improve the wind noise suppression effect.
Of course, for the situation that a certain sound inlet 27 is just arranged at the position opposite to the microphone 21, in order to lengthen the length of the front cavity 26 of the microphone, the audio transmission channels corresponding to the sound inlet 27 at the opposite position can be designed into nonlinear channels, while the audio transmission channels corresponding to the rest sound inlets 27 can be designed into linear channels or nonlinear channels, so as to simultaneously meet the dual design requirements of attenuating wind noise and guaranteeing the high-frequency response performance of the microphone.
Because the high-frequency cut-off frequencies of different microphone monomers are different, the frequency ranges of the response of the electronic products working in different application scenes to sound are different, the volume of the front microphone cavity 26 needs to be determined together according to the high-frequency cut-off frequencies of the microphone monomers and the requirements of the application scenes of the electronic products on the high-frequency cut-off frequencies, and the equivalent sound capacity Co of the front microphone cavity 26 is determined according to the volume of the front microphone cavity 26. The volume of the microphone front cavity 26 of the present embodiment is designed so that the equivalent sound volume Ca of the microphone front cavity 26 of the present embodiment is equal to or less than Co, taking the sound volume Co as the maximum value of the equivalent sound volume of the microphone front cavity 26. Since the longer the audio transmission channel 26_1 or 26_2 is, the larger the equivalent sound volume Ci thereof is, a larger number of audio transmission channels need to be designed in order to make the equivalent sound volume ca.ltoreq.co of the microphone front cavity 26. For example, as shown in fig. 2, if the front microphone chamber 26 includes two audio transmission channels 26_1 and 26_2, and the equivalent sound volume C1 and C2 of each audio transmission channel 26_1 and 26_2 is 2Co, the equivalent sound volume Ca of the two audio transmission channels 26_1 and 26_2 connected in parallel (i.e., the equivalent sound volume of the front microphone chamber 26):
as can be seen from the above, when the length of the front microphone cavity 26 is lengthened to increase the equivalent sound capacity C1, C2 of each of the audio transmission channels 26_1, 26_2, if c1=c2=2co, two audio transmission channels 26_1, 26_2 may be disposed in the electronic product, so as to reduce the equivalent sound capacity Ca of the front microphone cavity 26 to Co, and ensure the high-frequency response performance of the microphone. If more than two audio transmission channels are provided, the equivalent sound volume Ca of the front microphone cavity 26 will be smaller than Co, so that the high-frequency cut-off frequency of the microphone is increased, and the pickup of higher-frequency sound by the microphone is realized.
If the wind noise suppression effect is further improved, the length of the microphone front cavity 26 may be further increased, i.e., the length of each audio transmission channel may be further lengthened. At this time, the equivalent sound volume of each audio transmission channel is further increased, possibly reaching 3Co. In this case, three or more audio transmission channels may be provided in the electronic product, and the equivalent sound capacity Ca of the microphone front cavity 26 may be equal to or less than Co, so as to ensure the response performance of the microphone 21 to high-frequency sound.
In addition to increasing the length of the microphone front cavity 26, which may be effective in attenuating microphone noise, increasing the inner diameter of the microphone front cavity 26 may also act to attenuate the microphone noise. The small inner diameter of the front cavity can increase the pressure intensity after wind enters the cavity, and then wind noise with larger intensity is generated. And the inner diameter of the microphone front cavity 26 is increased, so that the wind can enter the cavity to have larger sectional area for buffering, and the attenuation of wind noise is realized. However, increasing the inner diameter of the microphone front cavity 26 also results in an increase in the volume of the front cavity 26, which in turn reduces the responsiveness of the microphone 21 to high frequency sounds. Therefore, when designing each audio transmission channel in the front cavity 26, the length and the inner diameter of each audio transmission channel can be adjusted according to the requirement of wind noise attenuation; then, the number of audio transmission channels is determined based on the equivalent sound volume of each audio transmission channel, and then the high-frequency response performance of the microphone 21 is satisfied. Experiments prove that if the front cavity 26 is properly designed, wind noise can be attenuated by more than 20dB, and the performance of the microphone is little affected.
In addition, in order to further enhance the wind noise suppression effect, a wind bubble prevention cotton 30 may be added to each audio transmission channel, as shown in fig. 2, so as to buffer wind entering the front cavity 26. Since the sound is transmitted through the vibration of air molecules and the wind is the flow of air, the wind-proof foam 30 with proper material and density is selected, so that the wind noise can be well eliminated without affecting the response performance of the microphone 21 to the sound. In this embodiment, the material and density of the windproof foam 30 should be selected to ensure that the sound in the frequency band required for the microphone 21 can penetrate the windproof foam 30 and propagate to the microphone 21.
Fig. 2 shows a specific structure of a microphone front cavity. The microphone 21 is arranged on an internal circuit board 22 of the electronic product, and the circuit board 22 can be a PCB printed circuit board or an FPC flexible circuit board. The wiring board 22 is mounted in a cavity formed by the housing 23 and spaced apart from the housing 23. A sealing gum cover 25 is provided between the housing 23 and the circuit board 22 to isolate the microphone front cavity 26. In this embodiment, the sealant 25 includes a bottom surface 25_1 and an annular peripheral surface 25_2. The bottom surface 25_1 of the sealing rubber sleeve 25 is attached to the circuit board 22, and the sealing rubber sleeve 25 is used for sealing the circuit board 22 so as to prevent foreign objects from contacting the circuit board 22 through the sound inlet 27 and endangering the use safety of the circuit board 22. A through hole through which the microphone 21 passes is formed in the bottom surface 25_1 of the sealant 25, and the microphone 21 passes through the through hole and out of the bottom surface 25_1 and enters the microphone front cavity 26. The top surface 25_3 of the annular peripheral surface 25_2 of the sealing rubber sleeve 25 is attached to the inner wall 28 of the shell 23, and all the sound inlet holes 27 are formed in the shell 23 in positions falling into the area surrounded by the annular peripheral surface 25_2, so that sound can be transmitted to the microphone 21 only through the sound inlet holes 27. A spacer 29 is arranged in a cavity surrounded by the sealant 25 and the housing 23, and the cavity surrounded by the sealant 25 and the housing 23 is divided by the spacer 29 to form each audio transmission channel 26_1, 26_2.
Fig. 2 illustrates an example in which two sound inlet holes 27 are formed in the housing 23. The two sound inlet holes 27 are arranged at positions which are not opposite to the microphone 21, the shell 23 between the two sound inlet holes 27 is designed into a convex structure, and the convex part faces the bottom surface 25_1 of the sealing rubber sleeve 25 and is separated from the bottom surface 25_1 of the sealing rubber sleeve 25 by a certain distance so as to form the separator 29. Thereby, an audio transmission channel having a sectional shape L is formed between each sound inlet 27 and the microphone 21 to effectively attenuate wind noise.
Of course, the spacer 29 may be formed by attaching a rubber stopper or other medium to the inner wall 28 of the housing 23. The rubber stopper 29 is designed to extend toward the bottom surface 25_1 of the packing 25, but not to be fitted to the bottom surface 25_1 of the packing 25, but to be spaced apart from the bottom surface 25_1 of the packing 25 to form the respective audio transmission channels 26_1, 26_2. By changing the shape of the rubber stopper 29 and the annular peripheral surface 25_2 of the packing rubber 25, audio transmission channels of different shapes can be formed.
At each sound inlet 27, a mesh 24 is attached, and specifically, the mesh 24 may be attached to an inner wall 28 of the housing 23 at a position corresponding to the sound inlet 27. The sound inlet 27 is shielded by the mesh 24 to provide dust and water resistance and a very weak wind resistance to the electronic product.
The design of the microphone front cavity of the embodiment improves the windproof performance of the electronic product by increasing the length and the inner diameter size of the microphone front cavity and adding windproof materials. The front cavity of the microphone is formed by arranging the plurality of audio transmission channels in parallel, so that adverse effects on the performance of the microphone caused by increasing the volume of the front cavity due to wind noise reduction can be reduced or even avoided, and the response performance of the microphone to high-frequency sound is ensured.
The microphone front cavity design of the embodiment is particularly suitable for being applied to electronic products worn by users during exercise, such as sports headphones with built-in microphones, riding glasses and the like.
It should be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments disclosed, and that other variations, modifications, additions and substitutions are possible, without departing from the scope of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.

Claims (8)

1. An electronic product capable of attenuating microphone noise comprises a microphone and a shell, and is characterized in that a plurality of sound inlet holes are formed in the shell, an independent audio transmission channel is formed between each sound inlet hole and the microphone, and the length of each audio transmission channel is larger than the vertical distance from the microphone to the shell; each audio transmission channel jointly forms a front cavity of the microphone, the equivalent sound volume Ca of the front cavity is less than or equal to Co, and Co is the equivalent sound volume of the front cavity of the microphone determined according to the high-frequency cutoff frequency of a microphone monomer and the requirement of an application scene of an electronic product on the high-frequency cutoff frequency;
the sound volumeWherein Ci is the equivalent sound volume of the ith audio transmission channel, and n is the total number of the audio transmission channels;
the opening position of each sound inlet hole on the shell is staggered with the orthographic projection position of the microphone on the shell.
2. The electronic product of claim 1, wherein the sound volume Ca is adjusted by one or more of the following:
(1) Extending the length of the audio transmission channel;
(2) Increasing the number of audio transmission channels;
(3) The inner diameter of the audio transmission channel is increased.
3. The electronic product of claim 1, wherein the audio transmission channel is a non-linear channel.
4. The electronic product of claim 1, wherein a windproof foam is disposed in each of the audio transmission channels, and the windproof foam is made of a material and has a density selected to ensure that sound in a frequency band required for receiving the microphone can penetrate through the windproof foam and propagate to the microphone.
5. The electronic product of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the microphone is disposed on a circuit board, the circuit board is disposed in a housing and is spaced apart from the housing, a sealant sleeve is disposed between the circuit board and the housing, the sealant sleeve comprises a bottom surface and an annular peripheral surface, the bottom surface is attached to the circuit board, only the microphone passes through the bottom surface, and a cavity enclosed by the sealant sleeve and the housing is divided by a spacer to form each audio transmission channel.
6. The electronic product of claim 5, wherein the spacer is a portion of the housing that projects toward and is spaced apart from the bottom surface of the encapsulation.
7. The electronic product of claim 5, wherein the spacer is a rubber stopper attached to the inner wall of the housing and extending toward the bottom surface of the sealing gum cover but spaced apart from the bottom surface of the sealing gum cover.
8. The electronic product according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a mesh is attached to a position where an acoustic hole is formed in an inner wall of the housing, and the acoustic hole is shielded by the mesh.
CN201810933041.4A 2018-08-16 2018-08-16 Electronic product capable of attenuating microphone noise Active CN108632694B (en)

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CN110519671A (en) * 2019-08-26 2019-11-29 华为技术有限公司 Wireless headset

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