CN108628249A - A kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method and system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration - Google Patents
A kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method and system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN108628249A CN108628249A CN201810557316.9A CN201810557316A CN108628249A CN 108628249 A CN108628249 A CN 108628249A CN 201810557316 A CN201810557316 A CN 201810557316A CN 108628249 A CN108628249 A CN 108628249A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/19—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by positioning or contouring control systems, e.g. to control position from one programmed point to another or to control movement along a programmed continuous path
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
- G05B2219/30—Nc systems
- G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
- G05B2219/35349—Display part, programmed locus and tool path, traject, dynamic locus
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method and system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration, in Milling Processes, by generating auxiliary superpositing vibration on main axle cutter cutting feed direction, to realize the control of Milling Process flutter.System includes the acting device being arranged in the front end of the main shaft of milling machine, the CNC system of connecting machine tool reads the speed of mainshaft and feed speed, and the controller of the milling cutter tool number of teeth, the maximum amplitude and frequency that controller is used to be used as power according to the maximum amplitude of auxiliary superpositing vibration and the period frequency of auxiliary superpositing vibration, export corresponding control voltage signal control acting device.In Milling Processes, real work speed conditions and cutting feed amount are considered, the method by applying auxiliary superpositing vibration in feed direction changes the inhibited stably of milling parameter, controls flutter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-rate wireless LAN fields, relate generally to the Flutter Control technology of Milling Processes, specially
A kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method and system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration.
Background technology
During high-rate wireless LAN, the considerations of for economic benefit, the stability for ensureing Milling Processes is needed,
The generation for avoiding unstable chatter phenomenon as far as possible, to ensure machining efficiency.Chatter phenomenon in Milling Processes
Generation can cause a series of problem, as workpiece surface quality deteriorates, cutter is drastically worn, cutter fractures, machine tool component
(such as axis system) service life declines, while can also seriously affect actual machining efficiency.Therefore, how to pass through one
Fixed means avoid the flutter in Milling Processes, significant, cause the concern of many people.Currently, Milling Process is quivered
The method of control of shaking has very much, from implementation strategy, generally comprises three categories：The first kind, by using the non-constant speed of mainshaft
Or the milling cutter of non-homogeneous cutter tooth is cut, and destroys the inductive condition that flutter occurs in a certain range；Second class, design are various
The damping unit or damping unit of various kinds are mounted on axis system or fixture are first-class, absorb the energy that self-excited vibration generates,
The boundary of milling parameter stable region can be improved to a certain extent；Third class is being cut by designing various forms of acting devices
During cutting, according to the feedback signal of sensor, active control active force is applied to the front end of workpiece or axis system, is passed through
The input being used as power changes the mechanical characteristic of entire dynamic milling process, to realize flutter active control.Wherein,
It is a kind of relatively easy with the second class method, but have some limitations, such as first kind method, exists and be not suitable for higher rotation speed
Operating mode, it is higher to the intensity requirement of cutter the problems such as, and damping unit or device are difficult to according to actual cut in the second class method
Operating mode carries out active accommodation, and the ability for improving the inhibited stably of milling parameter is limited.Third class method, according to reacting processing shape
The feedback signal of state, the Algorithm of Active Control based on design apply active start using acting device to Milling Process system
Power, it is apparent to the inhibition of flutter, but existing maximum deficiency is that the disturbance factor that entire control system is subject to is very
It is more, it is difficult to meet the requirement of whole system robustness, there is certain limitation for actual commercial Application.
Invention content
For problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of Milling Process flutter based on auxiliary superpositing vibration
Control method and system consider real work speed conditions and cutting feed amount, by feeding side in Milling Processes
The method for applying auxiliary superpositing vibration upwards, changes the inhibited stably of milling parameter, controls flutter.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method based on auxiliary superpositing vibration, in Milling Processes, by master
Auxiliary superpositing vibration is generated in axis-Tool in Cutting direction of feed, to realize the control of Milling Process flutter.
Preferably, auxiliary superpositing vibration is generated in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed by the following method；
Milling machine main shaft front end be arranged acting device, acting device be mounted on lathe coordinate system under x, the side y
Upwards, for being used as power respectively to applying on main shaft radial direction x, y direction under the rotating condition in main shaft, realize that cutter is arbitrarily cut into
To the synthesis of direction upper activation force；When acting device applies sinusoidal periodic to axis system to be used as power, in tool nose point
Place generates corresponding vibration displacement and responds Xs, as auxiliary superpositing vibration.
Further, vibration displacement at main axle cutter point of a knife point is established by experiment and responds XsAmplitude a and acting device produce
The raw following relationship being used as power quantitatively controls the vibration displacement at tool nose point；
A=kF
Wherein, F is the amplitude being used as power that acting device is applied to front-end of spindle, and k is vibration displacement at tool nose point
Response amplitude and the magnitude relation coefficient being used as power.
Further, when establishing the functional relation that vibration displacement responds and is used as power at main axle cutter point of a knife point, utilization is non-
Tangent displacement sensor measures the vibration displacement response at main axle cutter point of a knife point, records different amplitudes and periodically makees
Dynamic respond amplitude under power at main axle cutter point of a knife point, to obtain vibration displacement response amplitude and work at tool nose point
The magnitude relation coefficient k of power.
Further, for different working conditions, the controller being connect with acting device is read from the CNC system of lathe
The speed of mainshaft and feed speed, then the comprehensive milling cutter tool number of teeth, obtain the auxiliary applied along main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed
The period frequency and maximum amplitude of superpositing vibration,
According to the maximum amplitude a for the auxiliary superpositing vibration that need to apply in tool nose point placemaxAnd main axle cutter knife
The relationship being used as power that vibration displacement response is generated with acting device at cusp, the maximum amplitude being used as power are folded by assisting
The period frequency of vibration is added to obtain the consistent frequency that is used as power, to export control voltage signal to the work mounted on front-end of spindle
Dynamic device so that in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed, generate it is required be used as power, generated at tool nose point needed for
Auxiliary superpositing vibration.
Further, auxiliary superpositing vibration XsPeriod frequency determined by following formula：
Wherein, f is the frequency for assisting superpositing vibration, unit Hz；ω is the rotating speed of main shaft, unit rpm；N adds for milling
The number of teeth of milling cutter used in working hour.
Further, the maximum amplitude of superpositing vibration is assisted to be determined by following formula：
amax=ρ X0
Wherein, amaxTo assist the maximum amplitude of superpositing vibration, unit mm；X0For the feed speed of Milling Process, unit
For mm/ teeth, ρ is selectable proportionality coefficient, and 0 ＜ ρ ＜ 1.
A kind of Milling Process Flutter Control system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration, including be arranged in the main shaft in milling machine
Front end acting device, the CNC system of connecting machine tool reads the speed of mainshaft and feed speed and the milling cutter tool number of teeth
Controller, controller are used to be used as power according to the maximum amplitude of auxiliary superpositing vibration and the period frequency of auxiliary superpositing vibration
Maximum amplitude and frequency, export corresponding control voltage signal control acting device.
Preferably, for different working conditions, the controller being connect with acting device is read from the CNC system of lathe
The speed of mainshaft and feed speed, then the comprehensive milling cutter tool number of teeth, obtain the auxiliary applied along main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed
The period frequency and maximum amplitude of superpositing vibration.
Preferably, acting device is mounted on the direction x, y under lathe coordinate system, for distinguishing under the rotating condition in main shaft
It is used as power to applying on main shaft radial direction x, y direction, being used as power on the arbitrary cutting feed direction of synthesis cutter.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has technique effect beneficial below：
The present invention assists the side of superpositing vibration by applying in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed in Milling Processes
Method improves the inhibited stably of Milling Processes；The method of the invention is the mechanism occurred based on milling parameter, is passed through
Apply the auxiliary superpositing vibration of certain forms in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed in Milling Processes so that dynamically cut
Cut depth to change, for entire dynamic milling process, introduce new excitation cycle, change system when
Stagnant, final advantageous effect is to improve the milling inhibited stably of whole system, to realize the control of flutter.Together
When, it, will not be to machining surface quality due to being the auxiliary superpositing vibration applied in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed
It impacts, conversely, because the presence of superpositing vibration, can reduce since the periodically cutting of cutter cutter tooth is in machining table
Small " hill " left on face further improves the quality on machining surface.
Further, the method for the invention feeds speed according to different working conditions such as rotating speed, main shaft-Tool in Cutting
Degree, number of teeth etc. can adaptively adjust the auxiliary superpositing vibration of application, and method is simple, easy to implement, have fine
Applicability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the operation principle schematic diagram of system of the present invention.
In figure：1 is machine tool chief axis, and 2 is, mounted on the acting device of front-end of spindle, 3 are cutter, and 4 be workpiece to be machined.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
A kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method and system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration of the present invention, in Milling Processes
In, it is used as power in front-end of spindle application by acting device, along main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed, in main axle cutter point of a knife point
Place generates auxiliary superpositing vibration, to realize the control of Milling Process flutter.
As shown in Figure 1, method of the present invention be the machine tool chief axis shown in 1 in figure Flutter Control system on realize
, acting device 2 is installed in the front end of main shaft 1, acting device 2 is mounted on the direction x, y under lathe coordinate system, Ke Yi
Main shaft is used as power to applying on main shaft radial direction x, y direction respectively under the rotating condition.It is possible to further realize that cutter is arbitrarily cut
The synthesis of direction of feed upper activation force.Make when the acting device 2 mounted on 1 front end of main shaft applies sinusoidal periodic to axis system
When power, in the front end of main shaft-tooling system 3, i.e., at tool nose point, corresponding vibration displacement response X can be generateds, this
In be referred to as auxiliary superpositing vibration.
In order to realize heretofore described method, first with the acting device mounted on front-end of spindle to axis system
Apply sinusoidal periodic to be used as power, meanwhile, the vibration displacement of front-end of spindle is responded using non-contact displacement transducer and is carried out
It measures, records different amplitudes and be periodically used as power the dynamic respond amplitude of lower front-end of spindle.Establish following front-end of spindle vibration
Dynamic respond XsThe relationship being used as power that generates of amplitude a and acting device 2：
A=kF；
Wherein, F is the amplitude being used as power that acting device is applied to front-end of spindle, and k is vibration displacement at tool nose point
Response amplitude and the magnitude relation coefficient being used as power.
When establishing the functional relation that vibration displacement responds and is used as power at main axle cutter point of a knife point, contactless displacement is utilized
Sensor measures the vibration displacement response at main axle cutter point of a knife point, records different amplitudes and is periodically used as power lower main shaft
Dynamic respond amplitude at tool nose point, to obtain vibration displacement response amplitude and the amplitude being used as power at tool nose point
Coefficient of relationship k.
Next, the auxiliary by applying a certain frequency in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed in Milling Processes
Superpositing vibration so that dynamic cutting depth changes, and for entire dynamic milling process, introduces the new period
Excitation, changes the time lag of system, the final milling inhibited stably for promoting whole system, to realize the control of flutter.
Specifically, the period frequency of the auxiliary superpositing vibration applied along main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed is determined by following formula：
Wherein, f1To assist the frequency of superpositing vibration, unit Hz consistent with the frequency being used as power；ω is the rotating speed of main shaft,
Unit is rpm；The number of teeth of milling cutter used when N is Milling Process.
Consider feed speed when Milling Process, sets the maximum amplitude of the auxiliary superpositing vibration of application.In order to avoid shaking
Excessive " jumping tooth " phenomenon caused in Milling Processes of dynamic amplitude, considers following relationship：
amax=ρ X0
Wherein, amaxTo assist the maximum amplitude of superpositing vibration, unit mm；X0For the feed speed of Milling Process, unit
For mm/ teeth, ρ is selectable proportionality coefficient and 0 ＜ ρ ＜ 1.
Further, for different working conditions, the controller being connect with the acting device of front-end of spindle is from lathe
The milling cutter tool number of teeth in the speed of mainshaft and feed speed information, then comprehensive milling cutter tool information is read in CNC system, is obtained
The period frequency and maximum amplitude of the auxiliary superpositing vibration applied along main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed, according in tool nose
The maximum amplitude a for the auxiliary superpositing vibration that point place need to applymaxAnd vibration displacement response and work at main axle cutter point of a knife point
The relationship being used as power that dynamic device 2 generates, the maximum amplitude being used as power obtain one by the period frequency of auxiliary superpositing vibration
The frequency that is used as power caused, to export control voltage signal to the acting device mounted on front-end of spindle so that in main shaft-cutter
On cutting feed direction, generate it is required be used as power, be used as power accordingly to front-end of spindle application, thus in main shaft-cutter side
Auxiliary superpositing vibration needed for generating upwards, i.e., generate required auxiliary superpositing vibration at tool nose point.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method based on auxiliary superpositing vibration, which is characterized in that in Milling Processes,
By generating auxiliary superpositing vibration in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed, to realize the control of Milling Process flutter.
2. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method based on auxiliary superpositing vibration according to claim 1, feature exist
In generation assists superpositing vibration in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed by the following method；
In the front end setting acting device (2) of the main shaft (1) of milling machine, acting device (2) is mounted under lathe coordinate system
X, on the directions y, for being used as power respectively to applying on main shaft radial direction x, y direction under the rotating condition in main shaft, realize that cutter is arbitrary
The synthesis of cutting feed direction upper activation force；When acting device (2) applies sinusoidal periodic to axis system to be used as power, in knife
Have and generates corresponding vibration displacement response X at point of a knife points, as auxiliary superpositing vibration.
3. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method based on auxiliary superpositing vibration according to claim 2, feature exist
In establishing at main axle cutter point of a knife point vibration displacement by experiment and respond XsAmplitude a be used as power with what acting device (2) generated
Following relationship, quantitatively control tool nose point at vibration displacement；
A=kF
Wherein, F is the amplitude being used as power that acting device is applied to front-end of spindle, and k is vibration displacement response at tool nose point
Amplitude and the magnitude relation coefficient being used as power.
4. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method based on auxiliary superpositing vibration according to claim 3, feature exist
In, establish vibration displacement at main axle cutter point of a knife point respond be used as power functional relation when, sensed using contactless displacement
Device measures the vibration displacement response at main axle cutter point of a knife point, records different amplitudes and is periodically used as power lower main axle cutter
Dynamic respond amplitude at point of a knife point, to obtain vibration displacement response amplitude and the magnitude relation being used as power at tool nose point
Coefficient k.
5. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method based on auxiliary superpositing vibration according to claim 3, feature exist
In, for different working conditions, the controller being connect with acting device read from the CNC system of lathe the speed of mainshaft and
Feed speed, then the comprehensive milling cutter tool number of teeth obtain the week of the auxiliary superpositing vibration applied along main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed
Phase frequency and maximum amplitude,
According to the maximum amplitude a for the auxiliary superpositing vibration that need to apply in tool nose point placemaxAnd main axle cutter point of a knife point
Locate the relationship being used as power that vibration displacement response is generated with acting device (2), the maximum amplitude being used as power is superimposed by auxiliary
The period frequency of vibration obtains the consistent frequency that is used as power, to export control voltage signal to the start mounted on front-end of spindle
Device so that in main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed, generate it is required be used as power, at tool nose point generate needed for
Assist superpositing vibration.
6. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method based on auxiliary superpositing vibration according to claim 5, feature exist
In auxiliary superpositing vibration XsPeriod frequency determined by following formula：
Wherein, f is the frequency for assisting superpositing vibration, unit Hz；ω is the rotating speed of main shaft, unit rpm；When N is Milling Process
The number of teeth of milling cutter used.
7. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control method based on auxiliary superpositing vibration according to claim 5, feature exist
In assisting the maximum amplitude of superpositing vibration to be determined by following formula：
amax=ρ X0
Wherein, amaxTo assist the maximum amplitude of superpositing vibration, unit mm；X0For the feed speed of Milling Process, unit mm/
Tooth, ρ are selectable proportionality coefficient, and 0 ＜ ρ ＜ 1.
8. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration, which is characterized in that including being arranged in milling
The CNC system of the acting device (2) of the front end of the main shaft (1) of lathe, connecting machine tool reads the speed of mainshaft and feed speed, with
And the controller of the milling cutter tool number of teeth, controller are used for the week of the maximum amplitude and auxiliary superpositing vibration according to auxiliary superpositing vibration
The maximum amplitude and frequency that phase frequency is used as power export corresponding control voltage signal control acting device (2).
9. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration according to claim 8, feature exist
In, for different working conditions, the controller being connect with acting device read from the CNC system of lathe the speed of mainshaft and
Feed speed, then the comprehensive milling cutter tool number of teeth obtain the week of the auxiliary superpositing vibration applied along main shaft-Tool in Cutting direction of feed
Phase frequency and maximum amplitude.
10. a kind of Milling Process Flutter Control system based on auxiliary superpositing vibration according to claim 8, feature exist
In acting device (2) is mounted on the direction x, y under lathe coordinate system, is used in main shaft under the rotating condition respectively to main shaft diameter
Apply on the direction x, y and is used as power, being used as power on the arbitrary cutting feed direction of synthesis cutter.
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| CN110587377A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-12-20 | 重庆大学 | Method for monitoring defects of milling cutter on line |
| CN111043389A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control method and control device of electromagnetic valve and vehicle |
| CN112578737A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-03-30 | 兄弟工业株式会社 | Machine tool, feedback control method, and storage medium |
| CN114040830A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2022-02-11 | 帕马股份有限公司 | Method for suppressing chattering phenomenon in machine tool |
| CN116100318A (en) * | 2023-04-06 | 2023-05-12 | 四川省机械研究设计院(集团)有限公司 | Turning and milling compound machine tool processing method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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