CN108627748A - A kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fault arc detection methods based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic, this method is by setting the arc detection system of a detectable electric arc pulse signal interval, detect the amplitude of electric arc pulse signal, the number of electric arc pulse signal within a certain period of time, and count the time interval between electric arc pulse signal, interference load signal and fault electric arc signal are distinguished, to realize fault electric arc alarm or disconnect fault loop.The time response that the present invention need to only detect fault electric arc pulse signal can realize that fault electric arc detects, and which reduce the complexities of hardware or software, can accomplish no standby power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Electric arc monitoring technical field, more particularly to a kind of failure based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic
Arc method for measuring.
Background technology
In the Fire in China analysis of causes, fire accounting is 30% or more caused by electrical cause.
There are many reason of electrical fire occurs, such as：Short circuit, insulation ag(e)ing, overcurrent, earth fault, poor contact, household electrical appliances
Or heating equipment igniting flammable items etc..In essence, it in all electrical fire generating processes, can all be sent out with electric arc
It is raw.
In the U.S., according to CPSC (US Consumer Product Safety Commission) statistics in 1998, every year since distribution line is old
Change causes fire caused by electric arc to have more than 40000, causes 16.8 hundred million dollars of direct economic loss.
Currently exist arc-fault circuit interrupter and fault electric arc alarm.It adds on the basis of traditional breaker
The function of shielding to fault electric arc is added, to take precautions against the fire caused due to fault electric arc；Or detect failure
Alert after electric arc.
The determination method of current fault electric arc be essentially all want Cutoff current signal distortion and voltage signal it is abnormal
Become, need to connect voltage and current circuit simultaneously, needs the data sampling for using high speed and complicated mathematical computations, such as Fourier
Transformation or wavelet analysis, in this way have processor computing capability very high requirement, increase the complexity of hardware or software,
And it can not accomplish no standby power.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of fault arc detection methods based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic；It should
The time response that method need to only detect fault electric arc pulse signal can realize that fault electric arc detects, and which reduce hardware or soft
The complexity of part can accomplish no standby power.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is that：A kind of fault electric arc detection side based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic
Method comprising setting can detect the arc detection system of electric arc pulse signal interval, which includes at least 1
A variation magnetic field detection sensor is believed with the amplitude com parison unit of the variation magnetic field detection sensor equivalent amount and one
Number processing unit, the variation magnetic field detection sensor, amplitude com parison unit and signal processing unit are connected with each other successively, described
The signal amplitude of the output signal of variation magnetic field detection sensor after processing and the amplitude com parison unit setting value size into
Row compares, if amplitude com parison unit provides pulse signal after multilevel iudge, the signal processing unit detects the pulse signal
Between time interval, and judged according to this, detect fault electric arc signal and export.
Further, the variation magnetic field detection sensor is the tubular wire for the not magnetic core being sleeved on circuit to be detected
Circle, either for have the coil of magnetic core and this have the coil of magnetic core flow through normal load electric current magnetic core it is unsaturated or for mounted on
The magnetic field sensing element of the high sensitivity that can detect magnetic field intensity of circuit suitable position to be detected.
Further, the air core coil of the not magnetic core or the output end of the coil of magnetic core is connected with for it
The filter unit that output signal is handled, the filter unit are that either bandpass filter or coil itself are used as filter to low pass
The element of wave device circuit constitutes filter unit with capacitance or resistance cooperation.
Further, the magnetic field sensing element is hall device either magnetic flux gate device or the magnetoresistance device of high sensitivity
Either giant reluctivity device or tunnel magnetoresistance device, magnetic field sensing element installation site is close to circuit to be detected to obtain preferably
Sensitivity, and the output end of magnetic field sensing element is connected with the filter unit for being handled its output signal, the filtering
Unit is bandpass filter or high-pass filter.The signal amplitude of filtered unit may be smaller, after can be amplified, then
It is sent into magnitude comparator；Or first filtering unit filters are re-fed into through amplifier amplification after magnetic field sensing element output signal.
Further, the amplitude com parison unit is used to compare the size of filter unit output signal and its setting value, when
Filter unit output signal output amplitude is not less than setting value, amplitude com parison unit output of pulse signal logic 1, and otherwise output is patrolled
Collect 0.
Further, the amplitude com parison unit be comparator, hysteresis comparator, logic gates, double pole triode,
Any one of the I/O port of MOS type field-effect tube or signal processing unit.
Further, pulse broadening electricity is equipped between the amplitude com parison unit and the power circuit of signal processing unit
Road, which is used to control the electric power loop of signal processing unit, when amplitude com parison unit does not have pulse signal defeated
When going out, electric power loop shutdown, signal processing unit does not have power consumption, under conditions of having pulse signal, electric power loop conducting, and system
Power supply is connected, signal processing unit work.
Further, the signal processing unit uses microcontroller, microprocessor, programmable logic device, digital signal
Any one of processor or application-specific integrated circuit ASIC；And the signal processing unit is included at least and is detected with variation magnetic field
The consistent pulse interval measuring unit of number of sensors, can measure 2 pulse signal rising edges between time interval or
Time interval between person's failing edge.
Further, the signal processing unit is used to detect the determination method of fault electric arc, specifically can be used following two
Kind mode：
The first determination method is：
Arc fault counter and timer is arranged by software or logic circuit in system, and it is 0 that its initial value, which is arranged,；
After a pulse signal reaches, its time interval T between previous pulse signal is measured, if T is less than system
The time fiducial value TL1 set for filtering interference signals, then abandon the pulse, which also abandons, and under waiting
One pulse；
After pulse signal filters out, current time interval is denoted as T1, a upper time interval is denoted as T2, by software or patrols
The size that circuit compares T1 and T2 is collected, if the two difference is more than default value TW1 and is less than TW2, arc fault counts
Device adds 1, and timer starts timing；
When timer reaches the time TSET of setting, arc fault count value is if it is greater than or equal to setting value C, then arcing fault signal
Output 1, otherwise arc fault counter and timer do not export.
During one of this method implements, time TL1 is set as 200us, and time TW1 is set as 200us, and the time, TW2 was set as 96
Ms, setting time TSET are set as 96ms, setting value C=3.
Second of determination method be：
The signal processing unit is used to detect the determination method of fault electric arc, includes the following steps：
If the half cycle wave period of power grid is TDW, arc fault counter and timing is arranged by software or logic circuit in system
Device, and it is 0 that its initial value, which is arranged,；
After a pulse signal reaches, its time interval T between previous pulse signal is measured, if T is less than system
The time fiducial value TL1 set for filtering interference signals, then abandon the pulse, which also abandons, and under waiting
One pulse；
If the time interval meets：K1*TDW<T<K2*TDW or K3*2*TDW<T<K4*2*TDW then continues to measure pulse
Between time interval, otherwise, arc fault counter adds 1, and timer starts timing；
When timer reaches the time TSET of setting, arc fault count value is if it is greater than or equal to setting value C, then arcing fault signal
1 is exported, otherwise arc fault counter and timer.
During one of this method implements, time TL1 is set as 200us, and setting time TSET is set as 96ms, setting value C=3,
K1=K3=0.98, K2=K4=1.02.
The principle of the present invention and effect are described as follows：
Variation magnetic field detection sensor can be the air core coil for the not magnetic core being sleeved on circuit to be detected or have magnetic core
Coil and flow through that normal load electric current magnetic core is unsaturated, can also be mounted on circuit suitable position to be detected being capable of detection magnetic
The hall device of the high sensitivity of field intensity either magnetic flux gate device or magnetoresistance device or giant reluctivity device or tunnel magnetoresistive
Device, installation site is most probably close to circuit to be detected to obtain better sensitivity.
According to electromagnetic principles, the output voltage for the detection coil being sleeved on current supply circuit to be detected is proportional to its detection
Current changing rate, current changing rate are proportional to the value and current signal frequency of electric current.The detection being sleeved on current supply circuit to be detected
The output voltage of coil is defeated when current supply circuit to be detected is low-frequency sine electric current (such as 50HZ/60HZ) or DC current
It is very low to go out voltage, is millivolt level signal.When having electric current mutation, the amplitude of mutation current is the instantaneous value of load current, electricity
Larger pulse voltage, Ke Yida can be exported in tens KHZ or hundreds of KHZ even bigger, detection coil by flowing signal bandwidth
It is even higher to several volts.
Since electric power signal is generally low frequency sine wave signal, current changing rate is low, can be exported on measure loop
Voltage value it is very low, after filtered unit, amplitude cannot drive starting impulse comparing unit output signal.
When arc fault occurs, the amplitude of mutation current is the instantaneous value of load current, and current signal bandwidth is tens
KHZ or hundreds of KHZ even biggers, detection coil will produce larger pulse voltage of reaction signal, filtered unit, filter
It after unnecessary interference signal, is compared with the setting value of amplitude com parison unit, amplitude is more than setting value, can export one
A or pulse train signal.
The purpose that filter unit is set be in order to filter out unnecessary interference signal, such as when circuit closes a floodgate, circuit point
Cloth capacitor charging can cause to interfere there are one very big high-frequency current；When starter for fluorescent discharges, there are one very for meeting
Big high-frequency signal, caused interference.After filtered unit, these interference signals are all filtered out.
The hall device of the high sensitivity of magnetic field intensity either magnetic flux gate device or magnetoresistance device or huge magnetic can be detected
Resistance device or tunnel magnetoresistance device can incude electric current formed magnetic field in circuit to be detected, export a voltage signal, should
Signal magnitude is proportional to the size of loop current to be detected, which filters out power grid after bandpass filtering or high-pass filtering
The signal of frequency and its low-order harmonic, the reserved high-frequency fractional mutations signal signal amplitudes are smaller, need after amplification, send
Enter magnitude comparator
Amplitude com parison unit is set, primarily to distinguishing the arc fault and shunt circuit arc fault with circuit to be detected.
By the way that amplitude com parison unit setting value is arranged so that, being capable of output pulse signal when arc fault occurs for circuit to be detected；And simultaneously
When joining circuit generation arc fault, it is unable to output pulse signal.Experiment proves, when circuit to be detected is broken down, output signal
Amplitude be that shunt circuit occurs when arc fault 3 times or more of output signal, by the way that the setting value of amplitude com parison unit is arranged,
It can avoid malfunction caused by the arc fault of shunt circuit.
Arcing fault signal is an aperiodicity pink noise signal, and after comparator exports, pulse signal is
It is acyclic.
In detection block diagram shown in the drawings, the interference being subject to includes mainly that equipment connects moment, leads to current break, draws
The pulse output risen；Pulse caused by periodical nonlinear load exports；Pulse caused by arc resistance load exports.
Linear load equipment, such as electric furnace, heater, ac motor etc., since the detection coil of the present invention only detects
High frequency jump signal, in normal work, output voltage signal very little has pulse signal defeated insufficient for magnitude comparator
Go out.Current break signal caused by moment is connected, can generally cause 1 or multiple electric arc pulse signals, but the duration
It is very short, the general half period time for maintaining electric power signal or a cycle time.Due to the electric arc generated when single is connected
The pulse signal exported is known as monocycle electric arc interference signal.
General nonlinear load, such as computer, high power switching power supply, micro-wave oven, frequency converter etc., due to the present invention
Detection coil only detect high frequency jump signal, normal work when, output voltage signal very little, insufficient for Amplitude Ration
There is output of pulse signal compared with device, only has output of pulse signal in the moment powered on, half period of generally holding time
Or the time in 1 period, it is similar with monocycle electric arc interference signal.
The nonlinear load of pressure regulation Power Regulation is carried out by adjusting the silicon-controlled angle of flow, and to will produce continuous pulse signal defeated
Go out.Such output of pulse signal is all continuous, and is in stringent periodicity according to the period of electric power signal, referred to as all
Phase property interference signal.
Arc resistance load, such as carry carbon brush electric hand drill, dust catcher etc., normal work when, due to armature induct it is anti-
The reason of the reason of motional electromotive force and armature are an inductive elements, arc signal amplitude are not enough to cause pulse signal
Output.We tested electric hand drill, the loads such as dust catcher all confirm above-mentioned viewpoint.Even if when it starts, all it is not enough to draw
Output of pulse signal is played, only closes a floodgate moment, has output of pulse signal, characteristic is similar with monocycle electric arc interference signal.
Real fault electric arc electric current, energy is big, and higher voltage output, and arteries and veins can be generated in detection coil
Rush the characteristics of aperiodicity is presented in signal.
When using magnetic field sensor, after band logical or high-pass filter and amplifier, it may be implemented and detection coil
Similar effect.
The detection method that this patent proposes is namely based on the realization of its signal aperiodicity principle.
It is found according to experiment, when fault electric arc occurs, aperiodicity is presented in detectable pulse signal, and silicon-controlled class is dry
Immunity load is periodic.In order to distinguish the pulse signal and monocycle electric arc interference signal of fault electric arc output, periodically
Interference signal, the present invention take following method of discrimination.Two kinds of method of discrimination can use.
Determination method 1：
Arc fault counter and timer is arranged by software or logic circuit in system, and it is 0 that its initial value, which is arranged,；
After a pulse reaches, the time interval T between previous pulse is measured, if T is less than time TL1, is then abandoned
The pulse waits for next pulse, the time interval also to abandon；
Current time interval is denoted as T1, and a upper time interval is denoted as in T2. softwares or logic circuit, compares T1's and T2
Size, if the two difference is more than TW1 and is less than TW2, then arc fault counter adds 1, and timer starts timing；
When timer reaches the time TSET of setting, arc fault count value is if it is greater than or equal to setting value C, then arcing fault signal
Output 1, otherwise arc fault counter and timer are set as initial value 0.
During one of this method implements, time TL1 is set as 200us, and time TW1 is set as 200us, and the time, TW2 was set as 96
Ms, setting time TSET are set as 96ms, setting value C=3.
Determination method 2：
If the half cycle wave period of power grid is TDW, arc fault counter and timing is arranged by software or logic circuit in system
Device, it is 0 that its initial value, which is arranged,；
After a pulse reaches, the time interval T between previous pulse is measured, if T is less than time TL1, is then abandoned
The pulse waits for next pulse, the time interval also to abandon；
If the time interval meets K1*TDW<T <K2*TDW or K3*2*TDW< T <K4*2*TDW then continues
Measure inter-pulse time interval；
Otherwise, arc fault counter adds 1, and timer starts timing；
When timer reaches the time TSET of setting, arc fault count value is if it is greater than or equal to setting value C, then arcing fault signal
Output 1, otherwise arc fault counter and timer are set as initial value 0.
During one of this method implements, time TL1 is set as 200us, and setting time TSET is set as 96ms, setting value C=3,
K1=K3=0.98, K2=K4=1.02.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the testing principle block diagram that the present invention uses detection coil.
Fig. 2 is the testing principle block diagram that the present invention uses magnetic field sensing element.
Fig. 3 is the status diagram of embodiment two.
Fig. 4 is the status diagram of embodiment three.
Fig. 5,6 be the circuit connection diagram of example IV.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic comprising
The arc detection system of detectable electric arc pulse signal interval is set, which includes at least one variation magnetic
Field-detecting sensor, amplitude com parison unit and a signal processing list with the variation magnetic field detection sensor equivalent amount
Member, the variation magnetic field detection sensor, amplitude com parison unit and signal processing unit are connected with each other successively, the variation magnetic field
The signal amplitude of the output signal of detection sensor after processing is compared with the amplitude com parison unit setting value size, if
Amplitude com parison unit provides pulse signal after multilevel iudge, and the signal processing unit detected between the time between the pulse signal
Every, and judged according to this, detect fault electric arc signal and export.
In the present embodiment, the variation magnetic field detection sensor is the hollow of the not magnetic core being sleeved on circuit to be detected
Coil, it is either unsaturated or be to install to there is the coil of magnetic core and this to there is the coil of magnetic core to flow through normal load electric current magnetic core
In the magnetic field sensing element of the high sensitivity that can detect magnetic field intensity of circuit suitable position to be detected.
When employing coils as variation magnetic field detection sensor, the air core coil of magnetic core or there is not the coil of magnetic core
Output end be connected with the filter unit for being handled its output signal, which is low pass or bandpass filtering
Device or coil itself constitute filter unit as the element of filter circuit with capacitance cooperation.
When using magnetic field sensing element as variation magnetic field detection sensor, the magnetic field sensing element can be high quick
The hall device of degree either magnetic flux gate device or magnetoresistance device or giant reluctivity device or tunnel magnetoresistance device, magnetic-field-sensitive
Component installation location obtains better sensitivity close to circuit to be detected, and the output end of magnetic field sensing element is connected with and is used for
To the filter unit that its output signal is handled, which is bandpass filter or high-pass filter.It is filtered
The signal amplitude of unit may be smaller, after can be amplified, is re-fed into magnitude comparator；Or magnetic field sensing element output signal
Afterwards first filtering unit filters are re-fed into through amplifier amplification.
In the present embodiment, the amplitude com parison unit is used to compare the big of filter unit output signal and its setting value
It is small, when filter unit output signal output amplitude be not less than setting value, amplitude com parison unit output of pulse signal logic 1, otherwise
Export logical zero.Consider that the amplitude of signal, signal may need to be compared again after amplification or after decaying.Amplitude com parison
Unit can be comparator, stagnant comparator, logic gates, double pole triode, MOS type field-effect tube or signal processing list
Any one of the I/O port of member.
Stretch circuit, the pulse exhibition are equipped between the amplitude com parison unit and the power circuit of signal processing unit
Stretch circuit is used to control the electric power loop of signal processing unit, and when amplitude com parison unit does not have output of pulse signal, power supply returns
Road turns off, and signal processing unit does not have power consumption, and under conditions of having pulse signal, electric power loop conducting, system power supply is connected, letter
The work of number processing unit.
The signal processing unit use microcontroller, microprocessor, programmable logic device, digital signal processor or
Any one of application-specific integrated circuit ASIC；And the signal processing unit includes at least and variation magnetic field detection sensor quantity
Consistent pulse interval measuring unit, can measure 2 pulse signal rising edges between time interval or failing edge between
Time interval.
Embodiment two.
In the system-based that embodiment one is built, the signal processing unit is used to detect the judgement side of fault electric arc
Method includes the following steps：
Arc fault counter and timer is arranged by software or logic circuit in system, and it is 0 that its initial value, which is arranged,；
After a pulse signal reaches, its time interval T between previous pulse signal is measured, if T is less than system
The time fiducial value TL1 set for filtering interference signals, then abandon the pulse, which also abandons, and under waiting
One pulse；
After pulse signal filters out, current time interval is denoted as T1, a upper time interval is denoted as T2, by software or patrols
The size that circuit compares T1 and T2 is collected, if the two difference is more than default value TW1 and is less than TW2, arc fault counts
Device adds 1, and timer starts timing；
When timer reaches the time TSET of setting, arc fault count value is if it is greater than or equal to setting value C, then arcing fault signal
Output 1, otherwise arc fault counter and timer do not export.
In the present embodiment, time TL1 is set as 200us, and time TW1 is set as 200us, and time TW2 is set as 96 ms, when setting
Between TSET be set as 96ms, setting value C=3.
Embodiment three.
In the system-based that embodiment one is built, the signal processing unit is used to detect the judgement side of fault electric arc
Method includes the following steps：
If the half cycle wave period of power grid is TDW, arc fault counter and timing is arranged by software or logic circuit in system
Device, and it is 0 that its initial value, which is arranged,；
After a pulse signal reaches, its time interval T between previous pulse signal is measured, if T is less than system
The time fiducial value TL1 set for filtering interference signals, then abandon the pulse, which also abandons, and under waiting
One pulse；
If the time interval meets：K1*TDW<T<K2*TDW or K3*2*TDW<T<K4*2*TDW then continues to measure pulse
Between time interval, otherwise, arc fault counter adds 1, and timer starts timing；
When timer reaches the time TSET of setting, arc fault count value is if it is greater than or equal to setting value C, then arcing fault signal
1 is exported, otherwise arc fault counter and timer.
In the present embodiment, time TL1 is set as 200us, and setting time TSET is set as 96ms, and setting value C=3, K1=K3=
0.98, K2=K4=1.02.
Example IV.
As shown in figure 5, the present embodiment uses search coil as variation magnetic field detection sensor.Detection coil is wound on relatively
On the magnet ring that magnetic permeability is 75, outer diameter about 39mm, internal diameter about 21mm, 200 circle of coiling of the magnet ring of thickness 11mm constitute detection line
Circle.
Filter unit uses a simple high-frequency ceramic capacitor, capacity 470P, the structure together with the inductance of detection coil
It is bandpass filter at a resonant selecting frequency circuit, the signal close to its resonant frequency has larger output.
Comparing unit uses a protection diode and fairly simple electric resistance partial pressure circuit, then connects a triode,
Adjust the size of thresholding resistance 1 so that break down electric arc when, both ends of filter capacitor ceiling voltage is U, and Q1 can be connected, and
When both ends of filter capacitor ceiling voltage is U/3, Q1 is not turned on.Diode plays a protective role.
When there is electric arc pulse signal, C2 meeting repid discharges so that Q2 is connected, and gives signal processing unit to power, without arteries and veins
When rushing signal, R4 charges to C2, after the shutdown threshold voltage for reaching Q2, Q2 shutdowns, and signal processing unit power-off.
CPU can connect the base stage of Q3 by I/O port connecting resistance R5, when I/O port is high level, after Q3 conductings, and Q2 conductings, signal
Processing unit is powered；When I/O port is low level, Q3 cut-offs, R4 charges to C2, after the shutdown threshold voltage for reaching Q2, Q2
Shutdown, signal processing unit power-off.
As shown in fig. 6, in addition one current transformer of configuration, 20A/20mA, current transformer output pass through rectification to system,
Filtering collects circuit by energy after pressure limiting and charges the battery, while detecting transformer current output.Battery is supplied to whole system
Electricity.
The firewire in circuit is detected also cross search coil and current transformer.
Signal processing unit uses the monolithic processor of the processor STM32L071RB of ST companies low-power consumption M0 kernels, outside
It includes crystal oscillator, reset circuit etc. to enclose circuit.By SPI interface, wireless communication chips are connected, are SEMITECH companies
The periphery SX1278, SX1278 includes crystal oscillator, dual-mode antenna switch, filter and antenna etc..
" arc-detection pulse " is marked in figure, is directly accessed the corresponding I/O port of capture timer of STM32L071RB.
The AD inputs of STM32L071RB connect current sense resistor one end, the microprocessor AD inputs of icon note as above.
An output I/O port of STM32L071RB connects the grid of a metal-oxide-semiconductor, control audible-visual annunciator output.
The I2C interface of STM32L071RB, connects Temperature Humidity Sensor.
Program is write to STM32L071RB microprocessors, realizes wireless communication bottom code, given according to the present invention
Determination method 2 writes arc fault detection software, and under 50HZ mains frequencies, TDW takes 10mS, and the time, TL1 was set as 200us, if
The TSET that fixes time is set as 96ms, setting value C=3, K1=K3=0.98, K2=K4=1.02.It is defeated and after detecting fault electric arc
Go out signal, drives metal-oxide-semiconductor, driving audible-visual annunciator output, while power generation arc fault alarm information is sent to by radio communication
Corresponding receiving device is handled, display, alarm etc..
STM32L071RB is 32 single chip microcontrollers based on COTEX M0, LQFP64 encapsulation, 192KB
FLASH memory, 20KB RAM, 51 I/O pins, 16 road 12BIT AD converters, have RTC and external crystal oscillation circuit, 7
16 bit timing devices/counter unit, 2 road SPI interfaces, 3 tunnel I2C interfaces, memory space, processing capacity, peripheral interface quantity
The needs of patent of the present invention can be met.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the invention have been shown and described above.Those skilled in the art
It should be appreciated that above-described embodiment protection domain that the invention is not limited in any way, all to be obtained using modes such as equivalent replacements
The technical solution obtained, falls in protection scope of the present invention.
Part that the present invention does not relate to is the same as those in the prior art or can be realized by using the prior art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic, it is characterised in that detectable including being arranged
The arc detection system of electric arc pulse signal interval, the arc detection system include at least one variation magnetic field detection sensing
Device, amplitude com parison unit and a signal processing unit with the variation magnetic field detection sensor equivalent amount, the change
Magnetizing field detection sensor, amplitude com parison unit and signal processing unit are connected with each other successively, the variation magnetic field detection sensing
The signal amplitude of the output signal of device after processing is compared with the amplitude com parison unit setting value size, if amplitude com parison
Unit provides pulse signal after multilevel iudge, and the signal processing unit detects the time interval between the pulse signal, and according to
This is judged, detects fault electric arc signal and export.
2. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the variation magnetic field detection sensor is the air core coil for the not magnetic core being sleeved on circuit to be detected, or to there is magnetic
The coil of core and this to have the coil of magnetic core to flow through normal load electric current magnetic core unsaturated, or to be closed mounted on circuit to be detected
What right position was set can detect the magnetic field sensing element of the high sensitivity of magnetic field intensity.
3. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 2, special
Sign be the not magnetic core air core coil or have the output end of the coil of magnetic core be connected with for its output signal into
Row processing filter unit, the filter unit be low pass either bandpass filter or coil itself as filter circuit
Element constitutes filter unit with capacitance or resistance cooperation.
4. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 2, special
Sign is hall device either magnetic flux gate device or the magnetoresistance device or giant magnetoresistance that the magnetic field sensing element is high sensitivity
Device or tunnel magnetoresistance device, magnetic field sensing element installation site obtain better sensitivity close to circuit to be detected, and
The output end of magnetic field sensing element is connected with the filter unit for being handled its output signal, which is band logical
Filter or high-pass filter.
5. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 1, special
Sign is size of the amplitude com parison unit for comparing filter unit output signal and its setting value, when filter unit exports
Output signal amplitude is not less than setting value, otherwise amplitude com parison unit output of pulse signal logic 1 exports logical zero.
6. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 1 or 5,
It is characterized in that the amplitude com parison unit is comparator, hysteresis comparator, logic gates, double pole triode, MOS type field effect
It should manage or any one of the I/O port of signal processing unit.
7. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 1 or 5,
It is characterized in that being equipped with stretch circuit, the pulse exhibition between the amplitude com parison unit and the power circuit of signal processing unit
Stretch circuit is used to control the electric power loop of signal processing unit, and when amplitude com parison unit does not have output of pulse signal, power supply returns
Road turns off, and signal processing unit does not have power consumption, and under conditions of having pulse signal, electric power loop conducting, system power supply is connected, letter
The work of number processing unit.
8. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the signal processing unit uses microcontroller, microprocessor, programmable logic device, digital signal processor or special
With any one of integrated circuit ASIC；And the signal processing unit includes at least and variation magnetic field detection sensor quantity one
The pulse interval measuring unit of cause, can measure 2 pulse signal rising edges between time interval or failing edge between
Time interval.
9. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 1, special
Sign is determination method of the signal processing unit for detecting fault electric arc, includes the following steps：
Arc fault counter and timer is arranged by software or logic circuit in system, and it is 0 that its initial value, which is arranged,；
After a pulse signal reaches, its time interval T between previous pulse signal is measured, if T is less than system
The time fiducial value TL1 set for filtering interference signals, then abandon the pulse, which also abandons, and under waiting
One pulse；
After pulse signal filters out, current time interval is denoted as T1, a upper time interval is denoted as T2, by software or patrols
The size that circuit compares T1 and T2 is collected, if the two difference is more than default value TW1 and is less than TW2, arc fault counts
Device adds 1, and timer starts timing；
When timer reaches the time TSET of setting, arc fault count value is if it is greater than or equal to setting value C, then arcing fault signal
Output 1, otherwise arc fault counter and timer are set as initial value 0, arcing fault signal output 0.
10. a kind of fault arc detection method based on electric arc time pulse signal characteristic according to claim 1, special
Sign is determination method of the signal processing unit for detecting fault electric arc, includes the following steps：
If the half cycle wave period of power grid is TDW, arc fault counter and timing is arranged by software or logic circuit in system
Device, and it is 0 that its initial value, which is arranged,；
After a pulse signal reaches, its time interval T between previous pulse signal is measured, if T is less than system
The time fiducial value TL1 set for filtering interference signals, then abandon the pulse, which also abandons, and under waiting
One pulse；
If the time interval meets：K1*TDW<T<K2*TDW or K3*2*TDW<T<K4*2*TDW then continues to measure pulse
Between time interval, otherwise, arc fault counter adds 1, and timer starts timing；
When timer reaches the time TSET of setting, arc fault count value is if it is greater than or equal to setting value C, then arcing fault signal
Output 1, otherwise arc fault counter and timer are set as initial value initial value 0, arcing fault signal output 0.
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