CN108623954A - 一种太阳能电池背膜材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种太阳能电池背膜材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108623954A
CN108623954A CN201710153353.9A CN201710153353A CN108623954A CN 108623954 A CN108623954 A CN 108623954A CN 201710153353 A CN201710153353 A CN 201710153353A CN 108623954 A CN108623954 A CN 108623954A
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王强
丁祥
高文峰
李琼
张有刚
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Yunnan University YNU
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种太阳能电池背膜材料及其制备方法,背膜材料原料组分及各组分质量比如下：聚偏氟乙烯8‑12份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,5‑10份，聚亚己基己二酸酰胺5‑9份，重晶石粉3‑6份，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯5‑8份，环氧植物油5‑9份，醋酸酯淀粉5‑10份，聚乳酸8‑12份，乙烯基烯烃共聚物4‑7份，硬脂酸锌5‑9份，纳米硅粉5‑10份，偶氮二异丁腈5‑10份，2，3‑环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵5‑8份，增容剂3‑7份，致孔剂2‑6份，溶剂15‑25份。该太阳能电池背膜材料具有良好的力学性能，能够与基材完好的粘结在一起，不易剥离，遮光性强，同时具备耐化学腐蚀性，且制备工艺简单。

Description

一种太阳能电池背膜材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于太阳能电池技术领域，具体涉及一种太阳能电池背膜材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
在社会高速发展的今天,不可再生资源不断减少,为此寻找和开发新能源成摆在了人类发展的进程中。 众所周知,不可再生能源的使用经常会伴随着生态环境的污染,这也是人类不得不要去解决的难题。 太阳能作为一种绿色能源对环境没有任何无污染性,而且它的来源简单,可以说是在人类的生存年限内其是取之不尽用之不竭的。太阳能不仅是一次性能源,还是清洁能源,它资源丰富、普遍存在、无需运输、还可免费使用、最重要的是对环境没有任何污染。太阳能电池也因太阳能的特殊性具有许多其他发电方式所不具备的优点:不受地域限制、不消耗燃料、规模可大可小、灵活性大、无污染、无噪音、安全可靠、建设周期短、维护简单、最具有大规模应用的可能性。所以很多专家把太阳能能源作为可替代的能源去开发,希望太阳能够造福于人类。现如今所使用的太阳能有很大一部分是由太阳电池转换得来的。 因为太阳能电池对光有感应,能够把照射在其表面的光能转换为电能。目前,在有关专家的努力下,太阳能电池己经走向了商业化和产业化。
太阳能电池背膜一般具有三层结构，外层保护层具有良好的抗环境侵蚀能力，中间层的PET聚酯薄膜具有良好的绝缘性能和力学强度，内层薄膜需要和EVA具有良好的粘接性能。
对优异的太阳能电池背膜而言，良好的耐候性十分重要，一般要求至少背板外层材料为耐候性优良的氟材料。氟树脂独特的性能源于其特殊的分子结构C-F。C-F键是有机化合物共价键中键能最大的C-F键能为485kJ/mol，太阳光于220nm的光子才能离解C-F键。而在阳光中，小于220nm的光子比例很小(不到5％)，且这些短波紫外线容易被大气圈外臭氧层吸收，能达到地面的极少，所以太阳光几乎对氟树脂没有任何影响。氟树脂的缺点是结构高昂，同时不易粘接，为此全球许多大型材料公司做了多年材料探索和研究，寻找可替代产品， 但目前尚未找到理想的替代品。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术的不足，提供一种太阳能电池用背膜材料及其制备方法，该材料具有优异的力学性能，良好的耐候性、 水汽阻隔效果和疏水性，较好的粘结性能，达到了太阳能电池背膜各项主要性能的要求。
一种太阳能电池用背膜材料，原料以重量份计包括：聚偏氟乙烯8-12份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,5-10份，聚亚己基己二酸酰胺5-9份，重晶石粉3-6份，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯5-8份，环氧植物油5-9份，醋酸酯淀粉5-10份，聚乳酸8-12份，乙烯基烯烃共聚物4-7份，硬脂酸锌5-9份，纳米硅粉5-10份，偶氮二异丁腈5-10份，2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵5-8份，增容剂3-7份，致孔剂2-6份，溶剂15-25份。
上述太阳能电池用背膜材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将各组分加至混合搅拌机中，搅拌混合均匀，得到混合物料；搅拌速度为300-400rpm，搅拌时间为40-50min；
步骤2：将步骤1所得混合物料加入到反应釜中，加热到65-80℃，搅拌反应30-40min，得到制膜液；
步骤3：将步骤2所得制膜液在90～100℃条件下真空脱水，得制膜颗粒；真空脱水的真空度为0.08-0.15MPa，真空脱水时间为1-2h；
步骤4：将步骤3所得制膜颗粒送入双螺杆机挤出流延成膜，即得。挤出流延成膜过程分六个温度阶段，第一阶段温度为140～160℃， 第二阶段温度为170～190℃，第三阶段温度为200～220℃，第四阶段温度为220～240℃，第五阶段温度为200～220℃，第六阶段温度为170～190℃。
本发明的太阳能电池用背膜材料具有优异的力学性能，良好的耐候性、水汽阻隔效果和疏水性，较好的粘结性能，达到了太阳能电池背膜各项主要性能的要求。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
一种太阳能电池用背膜材料，原料以重量份计包括：聚偏氟乙烯8-12份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,5-10份，聚亚己基己二酸酰胺5-9份，重晶石粉3-6份，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯5-8份，环氧植物油5-9份，醋酸酯淀粉5-10份，聚乳酸8-12份，乙烯基烯烃共聚物4-7份，硬脂酸锌5-9份，纳米硅粉5-10份，偶氮二异丁腈5-10份，2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵5-8份，增容剂3-7份，致孔剂2-6份，溶剂15-25份。
上述太阳能电池用背膜材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将各组分加至混合搅拌机中，搅拌混合均匀，得到混合物料；搅拌速度为300-400rpm， 搅拌时间为40-50min；
步骤2：将步骤1所得混合物料加入到反应釜中，加热到65-80℃，搅拌反应30-40min，得到制膜液；
步骤3：将步骤2所得制膜液在90～100℃条件下真空脱水，得制膜颗粒；真空脱水的真空度为0.08-0.15MPa，真空脱水时间为1-2h；
步骤4：将步骤3所得制膜颗粒送入双螺杆机挤出流延成膜，即得。挤出流延成膜过程分六个温度阶段，第一阶段温度为140～160℃， 第二阶段温度为170～190℃，第三阶段温度为200～220℃，第四阶段温度为220～240℃，第五阶段温度为200～220℃，第六阶段温度为170～190℃。
实施例1
一种太阳能电池用背膜材料，原料以重量份计包括：聚偏氟乙烯10份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,8份，聚亚己基己二酸酰胺8份，重晶石粉5份，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯6份，环氧植物油6份，醋酸酯淀粉8份，聚乳酸10份，乙烯基烯烃共聚物5份，硬脂酸锌5份，纳米硅粉7份，偶氮二异丁腈7份，2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵6份，增容剂5份，致孔剂4份，溶剂20份。
上述太阳能电池用背膜材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将各组分加至混合搅拌机中，搅拌混合均匀，得到混合物料；搅拌速度为300rpm， 搅拌时间为50min；
步骤2：将步骤1所得混合物料加入到反应釜中，加热到80℃，搅拌反应30min，得到制膜液；
步骤3：将步骤2所得制膜液在100℃条件下真空脱水，得制膜颗粒；真空脱水的真空度为0.15MPa，真空脱水时间为1h；
步骤4：将步骤3所得制膜颗粒送入双螺杆机挤出流延成膜，即得。挤出流延成膜过程分六个温度阶段，第一阶段温度为140～160℃， 第二阶段温度为170～190℃，第三阶段温度为200～220℃，第四阶段温度为220～240℃，第五阶段温度为200～220℃，第六阶段温度为170～190℃。
实施例2
一种太阳能电池用背膜材料，原料以重量份计包括：聚偏氟乙烯12份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯10份，聚亚己基己二酸酰胺7份，重晶石粉6份，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯7份，环氧植物油8份，醋酸酯淀粉7份，聚乳酸10份，乙烯基烯烃共聚物6份，硬脂酸锌6份，纳米硅粉8份，偶氮二异丁腈8份，2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵7份，增容剂6份，致孔剂4份，溶剂25份。
上述太阳能电池用背膜材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将各组分加至混合搅拌机中，搅拌混合均匀，得到混合物料；搅拌速度为400rpm， 搅拌时间为40min；
步骤2：将步骤1所得混合物料加入到反应釜中，加热到65℃，搅拌反应40min，得到制膜液；
步骤3：将步骤2所得制膜液在90℃条件下真空脱水，得制膜颗粒；真空脱水的真空度为0.08MPa，真空脱水时间为2h；
步骤4：将步骤3所得制膜颗粒送入双螺杆机挤出流延成膜，即得。挤出流延成膜过程分六个温度阶段，第一阶段温度为140～160℃， 第二阶段温度为170～190℃，第三阶段温度为200～220℃，第四阶段温度为220～240℃，第五阶段温度为200～220℃，第六阶段温度为170～190℃。
通过实施例1和实施例2对比现有技术，本发明的太阳能电池用背膜材料具有优异的力学性能，良好的耐候性、水汽阻隔效果和疏水性，较好的粘结性能，达到了太阳能电池背膜各项主要性能的要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (2)

1.一种太阳能电池用背膜材料，其特征在于：原料以重量份计包括：聚偏氟乙烯8-12份，聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,5-10份，聚亚己基己二酸酰胺5-9份，重晶石粉3-6份，邻苯二甲酸二辛酯5-8份，环氧植物油5-9份，醋酸酯淀粉5-10份，聚乳酸8-12份，乙烯基烯烃共聚物4-7份，硬脂酸锌5-9份，纳米硅粉5-10份，偶氮二异丁腈5-10份，2，3-环氧丙基三甲基氯化铵5-8份，增容剂3-7份，致孔剂2-6份，溶剂15-25份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种太阳能电池用背膜材料，其特征在于：所述太阳能电池用背膜材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤1：将各组分加至混合搅拌机中，搅拌混合均匀，得到混合物料；搅拌速度为300-400rpm，搅拌时间为40-50min；
步骤2：将步骤1所得混合物料加入到反应釜中，加热到65-80℃，搅拌反应30-40min，得到制膜液；
步骤3：将步骤2所得制膜液在90～100℃条件下真空脱水，得制膜颗粒；真空脱水的真空度为0.08-0.15MPa，真空脱水时间为1-2h；
步骤4：将步骤3所得制膜颗粒送入双螺杆机挤出流延成膜，该过程分为六个温度阶段，第一阶段温度为140～160℃， 第二阶段温度为170～190℃，第三阶段温度为200～220℃，第四阶段温度为220～240℃，第五阶段温度为200～220℃，第六阶段温度为170～190℃。
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CN109912944A (zh) * 2018-10-26 2019-06-21 辽宁旭日新能源科技有限公司 一种太阳能电池背膜材料及其制备方法

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CN104371230A (zh) * 2014-11-13 2015-02-25 无锡中洁能源技术有限公司 一种太阳能电池用背膜材料及其制备方法

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CN109912944A (zh) * 2018-10-26 2019-06-21 辽宁旭日新能源科技有限公司 一种太阳能电池背膜材料及其制备方法

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