CN108620429A - The low-temperature carbonization device of organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode - Google Patents
The low-temperature carbonization device of organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode Download PDFInfo
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- CN108620429A CN108620429A CN201810166072.1A CN201810166072A CN108620429A CN 108620429 A CN108620429 A CN 108620429A CN 201810166072 A CN201810166072 A CN 201810166072A CN 108620429 A CN108620429 A CN 108620429A
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- thermal desorption
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- organic pollution
- pollution materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/06—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally
- B09C1/065—Reclamation of contaminated soil thermally by pyrolysis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/14—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of contaminated soil, e.g. by oil
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of heat and VOC yields for reducing and being applied to thermal desorption stove, and the amount of carbon dioxide being released in air is made to minimize, and generates the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode of the carbide useful to soil.The device includes：Thermal desorption stove puts into the contaminated soil polluted by organic pollution materials, thermal desorption is executed while rotating；Burner is configured at the side of above-mentioned thermal desorption stove, releases flame to the contaminated soil for putting into thermal desorption stove, the internal temperature of thermal desorption stove is maintained 220 DEG C to 400 DEG C；Amount of oxygen adjuster is adjacent to configuration with burner, and the oxygen concentration of thermal desorption furnace interior is made to reach 10 percents by volume to 21 percents by volume；And motor control part, it is configured at the outside of thermal desorption stove, the residence time that contaminated soil is trapped in thermal desorption furnace interior is made to reach 10 minutes~30 minutes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of carbonizing plants, are related to occurring to cover having by petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil in more detail
It in a low temperature of the carbonization of machine polluter, is carbonized, is generated to purifying contaminated substance and raise crop with direct flaming mode
The useful carbide of cultivating soil device.
Background technology
Soil is limited by idiosthenia, and polluter continues to accumulate.Leakage, petroleum chemicals in industry process
In carrying and the process of circulation, the polluter of various bazardous wastes and toxic waste etc is discharged.This polluter is because of soil
The destruction of the earth ecosystem, sewer pollution etc. and cause huge damage.The dirt that purify and lose idiosthenia is developed as a result,
Contaminate the multiple technologies of soil.Wherein, general thermal desorption mode is disclosed awards in Korean granted patent the 10-1060188th, South Korea
Patent the 10-1287990th etc. is weighed, aforesaid way utilizes thermal energy, does not decompose organic components, but with gaseous state volatile pollutants
Matter is detached.Thermal desorption mode does not lose in the soil of purification in the viewpoint of intrinsic physical property, with previous burning or heat point
Solution method is distinguished.The major pollutant removed according to thermal desorption mode is petroleum chemicals etc., is mainly had volatile
Organic substance.
Fig. 1 is the block diagram for briefly explaining previous thermal desorption device.Contaminated soil passes through contaminated soil thermal desorption portion
100, dust removal portion 104 and VOC burnings portion 106 are purified.Contaminated soil thermal desorption portion 100, usually in thermal desorption stove
It is interior, in a manner of direct or indirect, contaminated soil is heated to make polluter be desorbed.The temperature of thermal desorption is carried out to contaminated soil
Degree, it is different according to the type of above-mentioned polluter.If polluter high volatility and form fragile envelope, thermal desorption temperature
Spend low, if polluter is non-volatile and has hard envelope, thermal desorption temperature is high.If by contaminated soil thermal desorption
Portion 100, the then soil handled are discharged to the outside (step 102).The VOC generated by thermal desorption is by burning gases and condensed gas
It is formed, above-mentioned VOC is moved to dust removal portion 104.If removing micronic dust etc. in dust removal portion 104, above-mentioned VOC is put into
VOC burnings portion 106.By VOC burnings portion 106, above-mentioned VOC is decomposed into water and carbon dioxide, and is released in air.
But carry out previous thermal desorption mode in a manner of making the complete thermal desorption of above-mentioned polluter.In order to make pollution
Substance is completely carried out thermal desorption, and the heat for being applied to thermal desorption stove wants relatively large, therefore energy expenditure is serious.If also,
The yield of complete thermal desorption, the then VOC formed by the burning gases and condensed gas that are generated by thermal desorption is more.For
The capacity for removing subsequent handling of this VOC, such as burner, bag hose, the heat exchanger in VOC burnings portion 106 etc. is big.Into
And previous thermal desorption mode becomes and induces since the carbon dioxide yield decomposed in the burning portion 106 of VOC more
The reason of environmental pollution brought by greenhouse gases.
On the other hand, according to the Organic mud of environmental project proceedings Vol.39 (5) .pp.482~488 great Han (2008)
Carbonization the status of technology and foreground paper, disclose and apply Organic mud carbide for soil modification for soil activation
The scheme of agent.General thermochemical study technology is illustrated in above-mentioned paper, under oxygen free condition (reducing atmosphere), is applicable in 400
~800 DEG C of carbide forms temperature.But according to above-mentioned paper, the consumption of the energy for maintaining carbide formation temperature
More, carbonation rate is low, and the generation of VOC is relatively high, necessarily leads to a large amount of carbon dioxide.
Invention content
The problem to be solved in the present invention is, provides the heat and VOC yields for reducing and being applied to thermal desorption stove, makes releasing
It is minimized to the amount of carbon dioxide in air, generates the organic contamination based on direct flaming mode of the carbide useful to soil
The low-temperature carbonization device of substance.
Low-temperature carbonization device packet for the organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode for solving the problems, such as the present invention
It includes：Thermal desorption stove puts into the contaminated soil polluted by organic pollution materials, thermal desorption is executed while rotating；And burning
Device is configured at the side of above-mentioned thermal desorption stove, and flame is released to the above-mentioned contaminated soil for putting into above-mentioned thermal desorption stove, will be above-mentioned
The internal temperature of thermal desorption stove is maintained 220 DEG C to 400 DEG C.Also, including：Amount of oxygen adjuster, it is adjacent with said burner,
Or configure makes the oxygen concentration of above-mentioned thermal desorption furnace interior reach 10 volume basis together at burner pressure fan (Blower)
Than to 21 percents by volume；And motor control part, it is configured at the outside of above-mentioned thermal desorption stove, above-mentioned contaminated soil is made to be trapped in
The residence time of above-mentioned thermal desorption furnace interior reaches 10 minutes~30 minutes.
For the device of the invention, during the amount of oxygen based on above-mentioned amount of oxygen adjuster is adjusted, mixture of oxygen and inertia
Gas, either can mixture of oxygen and air or be used only air.It may also include and be used for realizing in said burner for supplying
Burning air air supply.Above-mentioned flame transmits heat with radial patterning.Above-mentioned organic pollution materials can be oil
It is hydrocarbon.Before above-mentioned organic pollution materials are carbonized, the intermediate material as oxygenated hydrocarbon can be passed through.Preferably, above-mentioned organic dirt
The carbonation rate for contaminating substance is 40% or more, and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH, Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons) is 1500mg/
Kg is hereinafter, and volatile organic compounds (VOC, volatile organic compounds) percentage is 55% or less.
It is highly preferred that it is 1500mg/kg hereinafter, and VOC percentages that the carbonation rate of above-mentioned organic pollution materials, which is 50% or more, TPH,
It is 55% or less.Above-mentioned organic pollution materials are carbonized and can put into the cultivating soil of plant growth.Above-mentioned organic contamination
The cation exchange capacity (CEC) (CEC, Cation Exchange Capacity) of above-mentioned cultivating soil that substance is carbonized and puts into is excellent
It is selected as 10meq/100g~20meq/100g.
According to the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode based on the present invention, in oxygen gas
It under atmosphere, with direct flaming mode, is carbonized to organic pollution materials, thus reduces the heat and VOC for being applied to thermal desorption stove
Yield, and the amount of carbon dioxide being released in air can be made to minimize.Also, amorphous carbon compound is generated because of the carbon of immobilization
Effect and cause charcoal (biochar) effect, to ecosystem restoration brilliance.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the block diagram for briefly explaining previous thermal desorption process.
Fig. 2 is the low-temperature carbonization device for briefly expressing the organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode of the present invention
Figure.
The explanation of reference numeral
10：Thermal desorption stove 12：Sprocket
14：Motor 16：Motor control part
18：Roller 24：Rotating knife
26：Accumulator 28：Conveyer belt
30：Soil discharge unit 32：Gas discharge section
34：Burner 36：Amount of oxygen adjuster
38：Oxygen control portion
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, with reference to attached drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.The embodiment that will be explained below can be with a variety of
Different shape deforms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to embodiment following detailed description of.The embodiment of the present invention be in order to
Those skilled in the art completely illustrate of the invention and offer.On the other hand, as top, lower part, front, side,
The term of the Locations such as the other side is that content to that indicated in the drawings is related.In fact, carbonization forming apparatus can by appoint
The choice direction of meaning uses, and direction in space in actual use changes according to the direction and rotation of device.
The embodiment of the present invention discloses one kind under oxygen atmosphere, with direct flaming mode, is carried out to organic pollution materials
Thus carbonization reduces the heat and VOC yields for being applied to thermal desorption stove, the amount of carbon dioxide being released in air is made to minimize
Carbonizing plant.For this purpose, based on the feature for forming direct flaming mode and oxidizing atmosphere, specific understanding low-temperature carbonization device, and
Illustrate the process being carbonized with low temperature by above-mentioned apparatus.For the carbonizing plant of the present invention, a part is with gas
State is discharged, but a part generates the carbide useful to soil.The life of the technological thought and above-mentioned useful carbide of the present invention
At related.
Fig. 2 is the low-temperature carbonization for the organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode for briefly expressing the embodiment of the present invention
The figure of device.Therein it is proposed that an example of the carbonizing plant based on direct flaming mode, can carry out within the scope of the present invention
Various deformation.
According to fig. 2, the inventive system comprises the thermal desorption stoves 10 of roll form.Thermal desorption stove 10 is with direct flame side
The position of formula purification soil can be formed by metal or nonmetallic material.Pollution while thermal desorption stove 10 rotates to soil
Substance is carbonized.As described above, thermal energy is in such a way that flame is directly contacted with polluter, so referred to as direct flame side
Formula.Thermal desorption stove 10 is according to gear units such as chain, the gears being combined with the sprocket 12 of the rotary force for transmitting motor 14
(not shown) is rotated.The rotary force of motor 14 according to well known retarder come governing speed, can by above-mentioned gear unit
It is transmitted to sprocket 12.
Motor 14 is connected with the motor control part 16 for adjusting revolution, the revolution of control thermal desorption stove 10.Thermal desorption
The revolution of stove 10 determines that diameter of thermal desorption stove 10 etc. and contaminated soil are trapped in the residence time of thermal desorption stove 10 together.Again
It says, according to motor control part 16, adjusts the above-mentioned residence time.If according to motor control part 16, the revolution of motor 14 becomes larger, then on
Stating the residence time can shorten, if revolution becomes smaller, the above-mentioned residence time can extend.That is, according to the motor 14 of motor control part 16
Revolution adjusting be the concept for belonging to equivalent scope.
In order to smoothly adjust the above-mentioned residence time, additional device is can configure in the inside of thermal desorption stove 10.Multiple rollers
18, for smoothly rotating thermal desorption stove 10, are arranged along around thermal desorption stove 10.Roller 18 is spherical or cylindrical shape, can be made
With metal or non-metallic material, the alloy of the resistance to carburizing temperature in the present invention of substantial more application.That is, thermal desorption stove 10 receives
The rotary force of motor 14 is rotated with the revolution provided by motor control part 16 with roller 18 together.Roller 18 and roller bracket 20
It is connected, motor 14, motor control part 16, roller 18 and roller bracket 20 are fixed on thermal desorption furnace cradle 22.
In the accumulator 26 of the side of thermal desorption stove 10 setting supply contaminated soil, purified in other side setting discharge
The gas discharge section 32 of the gas generated in the soil discharge unit 30 of soil and the carbonisation of release matter.Accumulator 26
It may also include the rotary valve that contaminated soil is equably put into fixing speed.The soil supplied from accumulator 26 passes through conveyer belt 28
Put into the inside of thermal desorption stove 10.The device of the invention, for effective supply contaminated soil, in addition to accumulator 26 and conveyer belt
Except 28, other devices can be added.Thermal desorption stove 10 adheres to the rotating knife 24 of spiral preferably along inner peripheral surface.Rotating knife
24 rotate together with the rotation of thermal desorption stove 10, towards 30 direction of soil discharge unit, the mobile contaminated soil being carbonized.
On the other hand, the thermal desorption stove 10 of the embodiment of the present invention is not necessarily to rotating knife 24, can also be 24 phase of thermal desorption stove
For the form of ground inclination.In this way, the contaminated soil of carbonization is moved by the gravity of itself towards 30 direction of soil discharge unit
It is dynamic.As described above, the form of thermal desorption stove 10, various can deform in the scope of the invention for being applicable in direct flaming mode.
In the lower part of conveyer belt 28, the burner 34 for the flame being in direct contact with contaminated soil is released in setting.That is, burner
34 release the thermal energy of flame profile to the inside of thermal desorption stove 10.Propane flammable gas etc. as clean fuel can be used as by burner 34
Heat source.Above-mentioned thermal energy is in direct contact with polluter, and polluter is made to be carbonized.Direct flame side based on the embodiment of the present invention
Formula, although carbonization polluter, the organic components of soil are undecomposed, therefore the soil purified does not lose intrinsic physical property.
Also, include amount of oxygen adjuster 36 in the side of thermal desorption stove 10.Amount of oxygen adjuster 36 as shown in the figure with combustion
Burner 34 is adjacent and configures.Wherein, adjacent refers within the scope of the present invention, as long as can suitably maintain inside thermal desorption stove 10
Oxygen concentration position.For example, for supplying the air supply of the air for combustion in burner 34
(air blower, not shown) form, may be provided at 34 internal system of burner or arrangement adjacent.Wherein, 34 system of burner
Substantially generate the part of flame.Amount of oxygen adjuster 36 is connected with Oxygen control portion 38, and the control of Oxygen control portion 38 exists
The oxygen concentration inside thermal desorption stove 10 that thermal desorption stove 10 is substantially carbonized.Above-mentioned oxygen concentration can for example pass through numerical value
The well known mode of control etc is adjusted.
The method for adjusting amount of oxygen can be generally divided into as follows.As mixture of oxygen and the method for inert gas, mix oxygen
The method of gas and air and the method using only air.Mixture of oxygen for example mixes nitrogen and oxygen with the method for inert gas
To adjust the ratio shared by oxygen.Ibid, mixture of oxygen and air adjust oxygen shared ratio in air.Using only upper
The method for stating air supplies air to amount of oxygen adjuster 36, such as is supplied to air supply (air blower), or
Without additional amount of oxygen adjuster 36, make above-mentioned air in the internal flow of thermal desorption stove 10.
When not additional amount of oxygen adjuster 36, pass through accumulator 26, flows into air.That is, accumulator 26 can become oxygen
Air volume regulator 36.Amount of oxygen adjuster 36 is that general designation is dense by the oxygen inside thermal desorption stove 10 in equivalent range as a result,
Degree is maintained the concept of all tools of 10 percents by volume to 21 percents by volume.As described above, in thermal desorption stove 10
The mode of portion's supply oxygen and the reducing atmosphere where the previous no oxygen of maintenance or micro oxygen and the mode that is carbonized is distinguished.
Previous no oxygen fills up to realize reducing atmosphere by thermal desorption stove 10 as vacuum or with inert gas.Certainly, although root
According to vacuum degree or negative pressure, there can be micro oxygen, but this is unavoidably generated, be used for the also Primordial Qi of previous carbonization
Atmosphere contradicts.
The low temperature thermal desorption of the embodiment of the present invention is carried out by following steps.First, under oxygen (oxidation) atmosphere,
By having aldehyde (aldehyde), hydrogen peroxide (hydroperoxide), alcohol (alcohol), ketone (ketone), carboxylic acid
The intermediate material as oxygenated hydrocarbon of functional groups such as (carboxylic acid).Later, above-mentioned intermediate material passes through gasification and heat
It decomposes, outside is released to gas form or is reacted according to dehydrogenation (dehydrogenation) and condensation (condensation),
It is carbonized the amorphous composite high-molecular substance for high molecular weight.That is, the carbonization of the so-called present invention refers under suitable condition
Heating organic matter becomes the process of the amorphous carbon rich in carbon by thermal decomposition process.Above-mentioned carbonization is that heat occurs to take off as a result,
One of in attached process.
The carbide of the organic matter of carbonization as embodiment of the invention is above-mentioned organic pollution materials with gas form
The substance being carbonized before transformation.That is, the substance for not occurring to be carbonized and volatilized is difficult to be suitable for the present invention.The dirt of the present invention
Dye substance is preferably adapted for lam-oil, light oil, aviation kerosine, the petroleums hydrocarbon such as heavy oil, lubricating oil, crude oil, above-mentioned petroleum hydrocarbon
Soil is coated in the form of envelope.
If the carbide of the present invention is put into soil, cause charcoal because the carbon of immobilization generates effect
(biochar) effect plays the effect to ecosystem restoration brilliance.If carbide to be added to the cultivating soil of plant growth
In, then by charcoal effect, greenhouse gas emission can be reduced to about 1/3 or more.Charcoal reduces two in cultivating soil
Carbonoxide (CO2) discharge, and reduce the nitrogen dioxide (N that nitrogenous fertilizer is converted to one of greenhouse gases2), and activating microorganisms O
Activity.Also, the organic matter powder of carbonization is applicable as bioenergy for example with bead (pellet) morphological transformation.
The low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode of the embodiment of the present invention, and will be organic
What polluter thermally decomposed completely compares in the past, since the heat for being applied to thermal desorption stove 10 is relatively small, can reduce energy
Consumption.Also, since direct flaming mode heat source is transmitted by radiating in the form of (radiation), heat transfer efficiency is high, therefore can be real
The equipment making of existing large capacity and operating, thus can reduce cost.On the contrary, usually used continous way carbonizing apparatus, between use
Connecing mode of heating, heat is transmitted by conducting in a manner of (conduction), so reduce heat transfer efficiency.Therefore, it is impossible to realize large capacity
Equipment making and operating, operating cost go up.
In turn, the device of the invention is carbonized since organic pollution materials cannot thermally decompose completely, substantially reduces
By the yield for the VOC that the burning gases and condensed gas that are generated by thermal decomposition are formed.It is this that it is used in removal as a result,
The successive projects of VOC, the capacity such as the burner of VOC burn down steps, bag hose, heat exchanger are small also to realize heat point
Solution, and the consumption of energy is also few.Furthermore the carbonization of organic pollution materials of the invention greatly reduces the burn down step of VOC
The carbon dioxide yield of middle decomposition, can minimize the environmental pollution brought by greenhouse gases.
For the thermal desorption stove 10 being carbonized, flame and oxygen are contacted with contaminated soil and are carbonized.The present invention
Embodiment in, be set as 220~400 DEG C of carburizing temperature, 10~21 volume basis of oxygen concentration when residence time 10~30
Minute.At this point, above-mentioned carburizing temperature regard burner 34 as main regulating device, above-mentioned oxygen concentration is by amount of oxygen adjuster 36
It regard motor 14 as main regulating device as main regulating device and above-mentioned residence time.Specifically, above-mentioned carburizing temperature
Temperature, intensity and the size of flame etc. that can be released in by burner 34 are influenced.Above-mentioned oxygen concentration considers thermal desorption
The oxygen concentration etc. of the internal residual of stove 10.
The carburizing temperature of the present invention is maintained than previous 400~800 DEG C of relatively low 220~400 DEG C of carburizing temperature.And
And above-mentioned oxygen concentration is the temperature inside thermal desorption stove 10, and compared with when being carbonized in previous reducing atmosphere, induced oxidation gas
Atmosphere.The carburizing temperature and oxygen concentration of the present invention, is combined together with the residence time, what formation was formed by the amorphous carbon rich in carbon
Carbide.Say again, carbonizing plant of the invention is compared with the past, in a low temperature of carburizing temperature is low, realize oxidizing atmosphere without
It is to be distinguished in the viewpoint of reducing atmosphere.
<Experimental example>
Hereinafter, in order to which the present invention will be described in detail and discloses experimental example, but it is not particularly restricted to experimental example below.Experimental example
The physical property of the carbide of middle appearance and judgement indicate the value for measuring or judging according to the following method.
The experimental example of the present invention mainly describes the overall process of thermal desorption.As described above, thermal desorption includes gas discharge and carbon
Change process, in order to measure VOC, TPH etc., it is thus identified that the overall process of thermal desorption.On the other hand, organic pollution materials are meeting this hair
Bright carburizing temperature, oxygen concentration and under conditions of the residence time, according to oxidation reaction, generate oxygenated hydrocarbon.Pass through oxidation reaction
The presence of oxygenated hydrocarbon be proved to by analyzing absorbed wavelength when irradiating infrared ray (Infra-red).
1) carbonation rate
If heating organic pollution materials (organic matter) under suitable condition, are occurred by the amorphous carbon rich in carbon
Carbonization, so-called carbonation rate refers to the percentage (%) that organic matter is carbonized.TPH is carried out to contaminated soil sample, moisture is surveyed
After fixed and weight measures, the weight after being heated 1 hour at 800 DEG C is measured, is moisture by the ratio correction for mitigating weight
Content judges the total amount of organic matter possessed by contaminated soil sample.If at this point, to heat 1 at 800 DEG C small for the organic matter of soil
When, then it is removed completely.Compare and is thrown in TPH, determination of moisture and the thermal desorption device of the contaminated soil for carbonization treatment
The weight of the weight of the contaminated soil entered and the contaminated soil of carbonization treatment is compared it with the total amount of organic matter above-mentioned
Afterwards, make corrections TPH contents and moisture, calculates the removal ratio of the organic matter of soil, thus can get carbonation rate.The implementation of the present invention
The carbonation rate of example is compared for more effective productivity, preferably 50% or more with TPH and VOC percentages, also reachable
To 40% or more.
2)TPH(Total petroleum Hydrocarbon；Petroleum total hydrocarbon)
Judge whether the pollution for causing contaminated soil because of organic matter, especially judges whether because of lam-oil, light oil, aviation coal
Oil, heavy oil, lubricating oil, crude oil etc. and the pollution for causing contaminated soil.TPH is analyzed according to South Korea's soil pollution process test method
(ES07552.1 petroleums total hydrocarbon-gas chromatography) is analyzed.At this point, it is another to save method detailed rules for the implementation from damage based on soil environment
The TPH a reference values in 3 area of soil pollution worry benchmark of table 3 are 2000mg/kg or less.3 areas are related measurement, water channel investigation
And the entitled factory site in soil of relevant law, parking lot, gas station's land used, road, railway land, dykes and dams, mixed given directions
Regional and related national defence, the 2nd article of the relevant law of military installations cause the 1st section (one) on miscellaneous ground arrive national defence, army as defined in (five)
Thing facility ground.The TPH of the embodiment of the present invention is preferably 1500mg/kg hereinafter, to be useful for the cultivation of crop.
3) VOC yields
Contaminated soil is put into thermal desorption stove, is caused to burn and is desorbed, polluter is gasified, and VOC is become, will be because of heat
Desorption and generate VOC gas amount as VOC yields.VOC yields are indicated that this is (VOC is generated by percentage (%)
Amount)/total organic matter amount.In order to analyze the Low Temperature Thermal desorption characteristics of experimental example of the invention, use by Middle East production and Southeast Asia
The soil TPH 200000mg/kg of wind-producingization crude oil pollution.The VOC percentages of the embodiment of the present invention are sufficient for more substantial ground
Environmental pollution, preferably 55% or less.
Table 1 indicates the carbonation rate (%) based on low temperature thermal desorption method, TPH (mg/kg) and VOC of the embodiment of the present invention
Percentage (%).At this point, the residence time in thermal desorption stove is set as 20 minutes, oxygen concentration is set as 20 percents by volume,
Carburizing temperature is changed to implement.At this point, carburizing temperature is the temperature of thermal desorption furnace interior.
Table 1
| Carburizing temperature | Residence time | Oxygen concentration | Carbonation rate | TPH(mg/kg) | VOC percentages |
| 200℃ | 20 minutes | 20% | 73.4% | 5600 | 21% |
| 220℃ | 20 minutes | 20% | 66.8% | 1200 | 32% |
| 250℃ | 20 minutes | 20% | 64.0% | 1000 | 35% |
| 300℃ | 20 minutes | 20% | 62.2% | 800 | 37% |
| 350℃ | 20 minutes | 20% | 59.4% | 640 | 40% |
| 400℃ | 20 minutes | 20% | 47.5% | 500 | 52% |
| 420℃ | 20 minutes | 20% | 39.9% | 60 | 60% |
According to table 1, carburizing temperature is lower, and carbonation rate is high, and VOC is generated less, and carburizing temperature is higher, and carbonation rate is low, and VOC is generated
It is more.Specifically, in the case where carburizing temperature is 220 DEG C~400 DEG C, carbonation rate is 47.5%~66.8%, TPH 500mg/
Kg~1200mg/kg, VOC percentage are 32%~52%.When carburizing temperature is 220 DEG C~400 DEG C, carbonation rate, TPH and VOC
Percentage is the purification a reference value for meeting soil, and carbonation rate is high, the best carburizing temperature condition for making VOC yields minimize.
As described above, if carbonation rate is high, VOC yields are few, then can reduce the subsequent handling for removing VOC, such as VOC burn down steps
Burner, bag hose, heat exchanger etc. capacity, and the consumption of energy is less.Also, divide in the burn down step of VOC
The carbon dioxide yield of solution is reduced, and can minimize the environmental pollution brought by greenhouse gases.
But in 200 DEG C, carbonation rate is 73.4% and highest, and VOC percentages are 21% and minimum, but TPH is super
Cross the 5600mg/kg of the purification a reference value of soil.If carburizing temperature is too low, the hydrocarbon in contaminated soil can not normally be carbonized, and surpass
Cross TPH a reference values.Carbonation rate calculating is calculated other than the TPH detected in the soil from processing, the TPH detected
1% is 10000mg/kg, and 0.1% is 1000mg/kg, for compared with the carbonization very small numerical value of concentration.In consideration of it, carbonation rate is such as
Shown in following formula.
Carbonation rate=(total organic matter amount-VOC yields-the TPH amounts detected from the soil of processing)/total organic matter
Amount } * 100
That is, if the carbonation rate of the soil of processing is high, the TPH concentration detected from soil can be got higher.
Also, at 420 DEG C of carburizing temperature, VOC percentages are 60%, the VOC formed by burning gases and condensed gas
Yield is relatively more.If VOC is generated, quantitative change is more, the subsequent handling for removing VOC, such as the burner of VOC burn down steps,
The capacity of bag hose, heat exchanger etc. will become larger, and the consumption of energy is more.In turn, organic pollution materials of the invention
Carbonization, the carbon dioxide yield decomposed in the burn down step of VOC become larger, and can cause the environmental pollution brought by greenhouse gases
Problem.
Table 2 indicates the carbonation rate (%) based on low temperature thermal desorption method, TPH (mg/kg) and VOC of the embodiment of the present invention
Percentage (%).At this point, carburizing temperature is fixed as 250 DEG C, the oxygen concentration in thermal desorption stove is fixed as 20 volume basis
Than changing the residence time in thermal desorption stove.
Table 2
| Carburizing temperature | Residence time | Oxygen concentration | Carbonation rate | TPH(mg/kg) | VOC percentages |
| 250℃ | 5 minutes | 20% | 64.8% | 13200 | 22% |
| 250℃ | 10 minutes | 20% | 69.6% | 1400 | 29% |
| 250℃ | 20 minutes | 20% | 64.0% | 1000 | 35% |
| 250℃ | 30 minutes | 20% | 58.4% | 600 | 41% |
| 250℃ | 35 minutes | 20% | 48.7% | 300 | 51% |
According to table 2, the residence time in thermal desorption stove is shorter, and carbonation rate is high, and VOC yields are small.If the residence time is shorter,
When being compared on the basis of 1 hour, it can increase by the input amount of the contaminated soil of organic pollution.It says again, if the residence time
It is shorter, the treating capacity of contaminated soil can be increased, therefore improve productivity.Residence time in thermal desorption stove is longer, and carbonation rate is low,
VOC yields are more.If the residence time is longer, when being compared on the basis of 1 hour, by the throwing of the contaminated soil of organic pollution
Enter amount it is shorter compared with the residence time when it is relatively smaller.That is, if the residence time is longer, the treating capacity of contaminated soil is reduced, therefore is dropped
Low productivity.Specifically, when the residence time is 10 minutes~30 minutes, carbonation rate is 58.4%~69.6%, TPH 600mg/
Kg~1400mg/kg and VOC percentages are 41%~29%.
When residence time is 10 minutes~30 minutes, carbonation rate, TPH and VOC percentages are the purification benchmark for meeting soil
Value, carbonation rate is high, the best residence time condition for making VOC yields minimize.As described above, if carbonation rate is high, VOC is generated
Amount is few, then can reduce the subsequent handling, such as the burner of VOC burn down steps, bag hose, heat exchanger etc. for removing VOC
Capacity, and the consumption of energy is less.Also, the carbon dioxide yield decomposed in the burn down step of VOC is reduced, can
Minimize the environmental pollution brought by greenhouse gases.
But residence time when being 5 minutes, carbonation rate are 64.8% and highest, VOC percentages are 22% and minimum, but
Be TPH be 13200mg/kg, be more than seriously the purification a reference value of soil.When residence time is too short, hydrocarbon in contaminated soil without
Method is normally carbonized, it is possible to more than TPH a reference values.Also, when the residence time is 35 minutes, VOC percentages are 51%, by burning
The VOC yields that gas and condensed gas are formed are relatively more.If VOC is generated, quantitative change is more, the subsequent handling for removing VOC,
Such as the capacity of burner, bag hose, heat exchanger of VOC burn down steps etc. will become larger, and the consumption of energy becomes more.Into
And the carbonization of organic pollution materials of the invention, the carbon dioxide yield decomposed in the burn down step of VOC become larger, and can draw
The problem of environmental pollution that cause temperature gas is brought.
On the other hand, when the residence time is 30 minutes, carbonation rate 58.4%, TPH is 600 and VOC percentages are
41%.30 minutes residence times became preferred condition in TPH and VOC percentages, but carbonation rate is 58.4%, relatively
It is low.If carbonation rate is relatively low, the productivity for carbonization is reduced.If, it is desirable to carbonation rate is reached 60% or more, then it can will be stagnant
The time is stayed to be set as 25 minutes.Carbonation rate when residence time is 20 minutes can be 64.0%, meet the stagnant of carbonation rate 60%
It can be 25 minutes to stay the time.
Table 3 indicates the carbonation rate (%) based on low temperature thermal desorption method, TPH (mg/kg) and VOC of the embodiment of the present invention
Percentage (%).At this point, the residence time in thermal desorption stove is set as 20 minutes, the carburizing temperature in thermal desorption stove is set
It is 250 DEG C, changes oxygen concentration.
Table 3
| Carburizing temperature | Residence time | Oxygen concentration | Carbonation rate | TPH(mg/kg) | VOC percentages |
| 250℃ | 20 minutes | 2% | 65.8% | 2200 | 32% |
| 250℃ | 20 minutes | 3% | 64.2% | 1800 | 34% |
| 250℃ | 20 minutes | 10% | 64.0% | 1000 | 35% |
| 250℃ | 20 minutes | 15% | 60.3% | 700 | 39% |
| 250℃ | 20 minutes | 18% | 54.7% | 300 | 45% |
| 250℃ | 20 minutes | 25% | 47.9% | 130 | 52% |
According to table 3, oxygen concentration is lower, and carbonation rate is high, and VOC yields are few, and oxygen concentration is higher, and carbonation rate is low, VOC productions
Raw amount is more.Specifically, oxygen concentration be 10%~18% when, carbonation rate be 54.7%~64.0%, TPH be 300mg/kg~
1000mg/kg, VOC percentage are 35%~45%.When oxygen concentration is 10%~18%, carbonation rate, TPH and VOC percentages
It is the purification a reference value for meeting soil, carbonation rate is high, the best carburizing temperature condition for making VOC yields minimize.In reality
Experiment in, in best carburizing temperature condition, oxygen concentration can reach 21%.As described above, carbonation rate is high, VOC yields
When few, subsequent handling for removing VOC, such as the burner of VOC burn down steps, bag hose, heat exchanger etc. can be reduced
Capacity, and the consumption of energy is less.Also, the carbon dioxide yield decomposed in the burn down step of VOC is reduced, can be most
The environmental pollution that smallization is brought by greenhouse gases.
But in oxygen concentration 2%, carbonation rate is 65.8% and highest, and VOC percentages are 32% and minimum, still
TPH is 2200, is the level more than soil sanitation a reference value.Also, in oxygen concentration 3%, carbonation rate 64.2%, VOC
Percentage is 34%, but TPH is 1800, is that soil sanitation a reference value is difficult to be suitable for the level of practical soil.If oxygen is dense
Spend low, then the hydrocarbon in contaminated soil can not normally be carbonized, and can be more than TPH a reference values.If also, oxygen concentration is insufficient, sends out
The case where giving birth to imperfect combustion, complete oxidation do not occur, thus cannot be satisfied the benchmark of discharge gas frequent occurrence.It is dense in oxygen
In degree 25%, TPH is small, but thermal desorption furnace interior causes burning, and carbonation rate is 47.9% and low, VOC percentages be 52% and
Highest.Especially, if VOC is generated, quantitative change is more, the subsequent handling for removing VOC, such as the burner of VOC burn down steps,
The capacity of bag hose, heat exchanger etc. will become larger, and the consumption of energy becomes more.In turn, organic pollution materials of the invention
Carbonization, the carbon dioxide yield decomposed in the burn down step of VOC become larger, and can cause the environmental pollution brought by greenhouse gases
Problem.
The low temperature thermal desorption method of the organic pollution materials of the embodiment of the present invention is satisfied by carburizing temperature 220 DEG C~400
DEG C, the condition of 10 minutes~30 minutes residence time and oxygen concentration 10%~21%.If cannot meet in conditions above
Any one condition, then in the carbonation rate of the contaminated soil handled, TPH and VOC yields at least any one be difficult to put into work
In object cultivating soil.Hereinafter, to watch the pollutant for carrying out carbonization treatment in a manner of the low temperature thermal desorption of the embodiment of the present invention
When matter puts into arable farming soil, influence that soil is brought.
The characteristic for the cultivating soil watched in the embodiment of the present invention is the content of CEC and aromatic hydrocarbon.At this point, carbonization treatment
Condition is 250 DEG C of carburizing temperature, 20 minutes residence times and oxygen concentration 20%.
Cation exchange capacity (CEC) (CEC, Cation Exchange Capacity) be the substituted sun that has of soil 100g from
Sub- total amount.As described in the embodiment of the present invention, puts under carburizing temperature and oxygen concentration conditions and carry out the pollutant of carbonization treatment
The cultivating soil of matter, carbon structure is stabilized, and the moisture for increasing the fixed carbon based on soil contains (the water holding that have the ability
capacity).Also, increase potassium, calcium, magnesium etc., promote the activity of useful edaphon.Put into the carbide of the present invention
The CEC of cultivating soil is 10meq/100g~20meq/100g, but the CEC of general soil is 5meq/100g~10meq/100g.
Whereby, it is known that the CEC for putting into the cultivating soil of the carbide of the present invention increases about 200%.
On the other hand, for aromatic hydrocarbon, the series of the hydrocarbon comprising phenyl ring and its derivative in cricoid hydrocarbon is referred to as
Aromatic hydrocarbon (aromatic hydrocarbon).Especially, Ppolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon contains toxicant, is removed from cultivating soil
Preferably.As described in the embodiment of the present invention, the polluter of carbonization treatment is carried out under carburizing temperature and oxygen concentration conditions, it is raw
At the carbide for excluding above-mentioned toxicant to the maximum extent.The Ppolynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon of the polluter of the carbonization treatment of the present invention
Content, less than the soil sanitation a reference value of whole polluter.Specifically, in South Korea, soil environment is saved from damage in method, will be polycyclic
Benzo a pyrenes (Benzo (a) pyrene) in aromatic hydrocarbon are defined as polluter.At this point, limiting concentration is 1mg/kg.This hair
In bright cultivating soil, above-mentioned benzo a pyrenes are less than 1mg/kg.
The low temperature thermal desorption method of embodiment through the invention carries out the polluter of carbonization treatment, by improving CEC
Increase the fertility of cultivating soil, is influenced not brought by toxicity biologically.Therefore, Low Temperature Thermal through the invention is taken off
The polluter that subsidiary formula method carries out carbonization treatment is put into cultivating soil, advantageous to the cultivation of fertilizer application and crop.
More than, the present invention enumerates preferred embodiment to be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, in this hair
In the range of bright technological thought, those skilled in the art can carry out various deformation.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials based on direct flaming mode, which is characterized in that including：
Thermal desorption stove puts into the contaminated soil polluted by organic pollution materials, thermal desorption is executed while rotating；
Burner is configured at the side of above-mentioned thermal desorption stove, and fire is released to the above-mentioned contaminated soil for putting into above-mentioned thermal desorption stove
The internal temperature of above-mentioned thermal desorption stove is maintained 220 DEG C to 400 DEG C by flame；
Amount of oxygen adjuster is adjacent to configuration with said burner, and the oxygen concentration of above-mentioned thermal desorption furnace interior is made to reach 10 bodies
Percentage is accumulated to 21 percents by volume；And
Motor control part is configured at the outside of above-mentioned thermal desorption stove, and above-mentioned contaminated soil is made to be trapped in above-mentioned thermal desorption furnace interior
Residence time reach 10 minutes~30 minutes.
2. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 1 based on direct flaming mode, feature
Be, during amount of oxygen based on above-mentioned amount of oxygen adjuster is adjusted, mixture of oxygen and inert gas or mixture of oxygen with it is empty
Gas, or air is used only.
3. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 1 based on direct flaming mode, feature
It is, above-mentioned amount of oxygen adjuster further includes air supply, and above-mentioned air supply is used for realizing above-mentioned burning for supplying
The air of burning in device.
4. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 1 based on direct flaming mode, feature
It is, above-mentioned flame transmits heat with radial patterning.
5. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 1 based on direct flaming mode, feature
It is, above-mentioned organic pollution materials are petroleum hydrocarbon.
6. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 5 based on direct flaming mode, feature
It is, before above-mentioned organic pollution materials are carbonized, by the intermediate material as oxygenated hydrocarbon.
7. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 1 based on direct flaming mode, feature
Be, the carbonation rates of above-mentioned organic pollution materials is 40% or more, total petroleum hydrocarbon be 1500mg/kg hereinafter, and volatility it is organic
Compound percentage is 55% or less.
8. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 1 based on direct flaming mode, feature
Be, the carbonation rates of above-mentioned organic pollution materials is 50% or more, total petroleum hydrocarbon be 1500mg/kg hereinafter, and volatility it is organic
Compound percentage is 55% or less.
9. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 1 based on direct flaming mode, feature
It is, above-mentioned organic pollution materials are carbonized and put into the cultivating soil of plant growth.
10. the low-temperature carbonization device of the organic pollution materials according to claim 9 based on direct flaming mode, feature
Be, above-mentioned organic pollution materials be carbonized and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of above-mentioned cultivating soil that puts into be 10meq/100g~
20meq/100g。
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| CN112691755A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-04-23 | 生态环境部南京环境科学研究所 | Ectopic thermal desorption treatment method based on thermal desorption auxiliary agent |
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