CN108619907A - A kind of urea for vehicle reducing agent solution - Google Patents
A kind of urea for vehicle reducing agent solution Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108619907A CN108619907A CN201810409205.3A CN201810409205A CN108619907A CN 108619907 A CN108619907 A CN 108619907A CN 201810409205 A CN201810409205 A CN 201810409205A CN 108619907 A CN108619907 A CN 108619907A
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- Prior art keywords
- urea
- reducing agent
- solution
- solidification point
- pure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
- B01D2251/2067—Urea
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of urea for vehicle reducing agent solutions, belong to exhaust-gas treatment field, and carbamide reducing agent solution is formulated by the raw material of following mass fraction：20 28% urea, 10% 25%C3Small molecule amide below, 1% 5% glycine, 0% 10% ammonium hydrogen carbonate or ammonium carbonates and 35% 68% ultra-pure water for Total mass balance score.The present invention provides a kind of urea for vehicle solution of solidification point between 24 DEG C~28 DEG C.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to exhaust-gas treatment fields, are related to a kind of formula of diesel engine vent gas processing reducing agent.
Background technology
Instantly, environmental pollution is a great social concern, and is become worse, and people are enjoying scientific and technological progress
While the welfare brought, also have to bear to industrialize the destruction to environment.It most lives and ceases with people in all kinds of environmental pollutions
It is exactly atmosphere pollution to cease relevant, and in many reasons for causing atmosphere pollution, the pollution of various types of vehicles tail gas occupies
A no small part.The oversize vehicles such as load truck, big microbus, engine are based on diesel powered.Diesel engine phase
Than gasoline engine, there are many advantages such as efficient, powerful, but more undeniable is dirt caused by diesel combustion
Dye is even more serious than gasoline engine, and the emission of diesel engine is it is crucial that NOxAnd PM, processing particle is mainly by particle trapper
(DPF), NOxThen (SCR) is restored mainly by catalysis.SCR technology route is to rely on reducing agent to NO during exhaust aftertreatmentx
Selective catalytic reduction is carried out, NO is reducedxDischarge, to meet limitation of state's V emission regulations for NOx.
Use Urea treatment NOxMethod, be referred to as USCR (Urea Seletive Catalytic Reduction),
It is characterized in that having extremely strong catalytic selectivity, reducing agent being capable of efficient, single-minded and NOxIt is reacted, relative inexpensiveness,
Widely mainstream diesel vehicle manufacturer uses.Usually, more convenient using aqueous solution of urea as exhaust aftertreatment reducing agent, urine
Plain aqueous solution can generate NH at 300 DEG C or more with reaction of nitrogen oxides3, utilize the NH of generation3With reaction of nitrogen oxides, nothing is generated
It is discharged into air after evil gas.
Currently, conventional urea for vehicle solution refers to executing national standard《GB 29518-2013 diesel engine nitrogen oxidations
Object reducing agent aqueous solution of urea (AUS 32)》A kind of certain concentration urea liquid, urea quality score be 31.8%~
33.2%, solvent is ultra-pure water, and solidification point is about at -11 DEG C or so, it means that using SCR technology vehicle winter northwards not
The Shanhai Pass can be run.Traditional solutions are to add anti-icing fluid circulating-heating or electrically heated system in the automobile-used urea system of tradition
System and heat-insulation system increase a series of add-on parts such as heating tube loop, temperature sensor, insulating layer, and not only per car increases
The costs of thousands of members, undoubtedly also increases the complexity of system, improves failure rate indirectly.In addition, being needed when winter starts
For a period of time, heated engine coolant liquid is to melt the urea liquid of icing for engine idling operation.According to BMW public affairs in 2014
A test data of department shows that when liquor box temperature is -12 DEG C, certain type vehicle temporary parking is again started up needs after 30 minutes
Preheating 25 minutes, discharged nitrous oxides caused by this section of heating time are higher by two orders of magnitude than nominal situation, this undoubtedly with SCR
The original intention that system reduces nitrogen oxide emission runs in the opposite direction.Therefore, exploitation can keep the urea for vehicle of liquid phase molten at low temperature
Liquid is imperative.
Patent CN102213126A has exposed heat in practical applications using additives such as low mass molecule alcohol, ammonium formates
Decomposition product corrodes the problem of exhaust pipe.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the disadvantage that automobile-used urea liquid solidification point is high under the prior art, a kind of solidification is provided
Urea for vehicle solution of the point between -24 DEG C~-28 DEG C.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that, carbamide reducing agent solution is by following mass fraction
Raw material is formulated：20-28% urea, 10%-25%C3Small molecule amide below, 1%-5% glycine, 0%-10% carbon
The ultra-pure water of sour hydrogen ammonium or ammonium carbonate and the 35%-68% for Total mass balance score.
Preferably, a kind of carbamide reducing agent solution formula, is made of following raw material by weight percentage：25% urea,
20% formamide, 3% glycine, 7% ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 45% ultra-pure water.
Low form urea for vehicle solution of the present invention is lower compared with the solidification point of the prior art, can be in diesel oil cold filter temperature
It is employed without heating under degree, is suitable for the use in winter in China's cold district, there is very high practical value.At the same time,
This solution items additive is the organic matter containing negative oxidation state nitrogen, high-temperature decomposition product cleanliness without any pollution, and energy and tail gas
In NOxComproportionation reaction occurs, improves the performance of urea for vehicle solution indirectly.
The core component of this solution formula is a series of small molecule amino acid using glycine as representative.Amino acid conduct
A kind of amphiprotic substance, it is mixed with that can significantly reduce in the molten state with the compound with hydrogen bond donor property such as urea, amide
Close the eutectic property of object solidification point.We have found under study for action, under the ionization system of aqueous solution, using glycine as representative
A series of small molecule amino acid equally have such property.Amino acid is added aqueous solution and can not be generated significantly to solution solidification point
It influences, but solution solidification point can be made a jump occur with other salt collective effects after glycine addition aqueous solution of urea
Reduction, this point embodied in control experiment 1 below.
Some manufacturers reduce solution solidification point, effect using methanol, ethyl alcohol or other cheap small molecular alcohols on Vehicles Collected from Market
Fruit is notable and cheap, but such method has very big hidden danger.Because under the temperature environment of SCR system work, in solution
Alcohol component can be partially converted into corresponding acid, corrode discharge duct and be allowed to leak, seriously compromise the profit of user
Benefit.Similarly, currently there are some patent families, using the technology path of the sour ammonium material of addition reduces solidification point, this technology
Route is no doubt feasible on reducing solution solidification point mechanism, but the temperature environment that such additives can equally work in SCR system
Under be converted into the acid of the effect that is corrosive to discharge duct, be allowed to put into actual application.This patent is taken
Amide substance of the thermal decomposition product without acid.
Advantageous effect：
Patent family CN102213126A has been exposed through in practical applications using additives such as low mass molecule alcohol, ammonium formates
The problem of going out thermal decomposition product corrosion exhaust pipe.And asking there is no corresponding small molecule acid corrosion exhaust pipe after present invention thermal decomposition
Topic.
Compared with patent family CN104607041A reduces the technology path of solution solidification point using propylene glycol and ammonium formate,
There is no the hidden danger of formic acid, malonic acid corrosion exhaust pipe after present invention thermal decomposition.The additive price that the present invention uses simultaneously
It is evident as expensive propylene glycol, there are economic advantages.
CN105536865A, CN105498537A, CN107138044A, the CN107178408A delivered with military Grain Full et al.
A series of similar patents are compared using small molecular alcohol with the technology path of small molecule liquid amide (i.e. formamide), and this patent coagulates
Solid point does not use the solidification point of the formula of small molecular alcohol substance lower compared with wherein, and it uses the formula of small molecular alcohol substance
Not the problem of not being avoided that above-mentioned comparison acid corrosion exhaust pipe equally.The research of military Grain Full et al. points out simultaneously, bicarbonate
An Zu branches influence the long-time stability of solution.In the actual production process, the ammonium hydrogen carbonate, ammonium carbonate of high level influence
Usage amount can be replaced by amide or slightly be reduced to shelf life of products.Even if following Examples 6 it has already been indicated that do not make completely
With ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the present invention still can guarantee -24 DEG C of solidification point, have preferable use value.
Specific implementation mode
Experiment uses low-temperature cooling fluid circulating pump equipment, and low temperature environment is simulated in a manner of ethanol bath, copper-based using being equipped with
The temperature changing process of solution solidification to be measured, passes through and draws cooling curve in the conductance temperature measuring set reading test tube of temperature probe
The practical solidification point of each formula is obtained with the method that test of many times is averaged.
Embodiment 1
The pure urea 25% of analysis, analytically pure formamide 20%, analytically pure glycine 3%, analysis are taken by mass fraction
Pure ammonium hydrogen carbonate 7%, high purity water 45%, (25 DEG C) stirrings of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, the as automobile-used urine of low form of the invention
Plain solution, solidification point are -26 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
The pure urea 20% of analysis, analytically pure formamide 20%, analytically pure glycine 3%, analysis are taken by mass fraction
Pure ammonium hydrogen carbonate 7%, high purity water 50%, (25 DEG C) stirrings of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, the as automobile-used urine of low form of the invention
Plain solution, solidification point are -25 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
The pure urea 25% of analysis, analytically pure formamide 15%, analytically pure glycine 3%, analysis are taken by mass fraction
Pure ammonium hydrogen carbonate 7%, high purity water 50%, (25 DEG C) stirrings of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, the as automobile-used urine of low form of the invention
Plain solution, solidification point are -25 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
The pure urea 25% of analysis, analytically pure formamide 20%, analytically pure glycine 3%, analysis are taken by mass fraction
Pure ammonium hydrogen carbonate 7%, high purity water 45%, (25 DEG C) stirrings of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, the as automobile-used urine of low form of the invention
Plain solution, solidification point are -26 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
The pure urea 25% of analysis, analytically pure acetamide 20%, analytically pure glycine 3%, analysis are taken by mass fraction
Pure ammonium hydrogen carbonate 7%, high purity water 45%, (25 DEG C) stirrings of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, the as automobile-used urine of low form of the invention
Plain solution, solidification point are -26 DEG C.
Embodiment 6
The pure urea 25% of analysis, analytically pure formamide 22%, analytically pure glycine 3%, high-purity is taken by mass fraction
Water 50%, the stirring of (25 DEG C) of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, as low form urea for vehicle solution of the invention, solidification point are -24
℃。
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Control experiment 1
This group of experimental result is intended to reduce the active effects of solution solidification point when comparative illustration glycine collective effect.
The pure urea 30% of analysis, analytically pure formamide 15%, analytically pure ammonium hydrogen carbonate 5%, height are taken by mass fraction
Pure water 50%, the stirring of (25 DEG C) of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, solidification point is -18 DEG C.
The pure urea 30% of analysis is taken by mass fraction, analytically pure formamide 15%, analytically pure ammonium hydrogen carbonate 5%, is divided
Analyse pure glycine 5%, high purity water 45%, the stirring of (25 DEG C) of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, solidification point is -23 DEG C.
The pure urea 30% of analysis, analytically pure formamide 20%, analytically pure ammonium hydrogen carbonate 5%, height are taken by mass fraction
Pure water 45%, the stirring of (25 DEG C) of room temperature to it is complete it is molten after, solidification point is -20 DEG C.
In contrast, it can clearly judge that a certain amount of glycine and formamide, urea collective effect are significantly more
Solution solidification point is reduced, the excitation that solidification point of the present invention reduces not is simply to rely on the superposition of salts substances usage amount.
Control experiment 2
This group of experimental result is intended to the rule of variation when several additive components of comparative illustration are individually arranged in pairs or groups with aqueous solution of urea
Rule, their interactively is illustrated by solidification point variation tendency.
Ammonium acetate-aqueous solution of urea solidification point under 1 different quality containing of table
Formamide-aqueous solution of urea solidification point under 2 different quality containing of table
Acetamide-aqueous solution of urea solidification point under 3 different quality containing of table
Glycine-aqueous solution of urea solidification point under 4 different quality containing of table
Claims (3)
1. a kind of urea for vehicle reducing agent solution, it is characterised in that：It is formulated by weight percentage by following raw material：
2. urea for vehicle reducing agent solution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The C3Small molecule acyl below
Amine is formamide, acetamide.
3. urea for vehicle reducing agent solution according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By weight percentage by following original
Material is formulated：25% urea, 20% formamide, 3% glycine, 7% ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 45% water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810409205.3A CN108619907A (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | A kind of urea for vehicle reducing agent solution |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810409205.3A CN108619907A (en) | 2018-04-28 | 2018-04-28 | A kind of urea for vehicle reducing agent solution |
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| CN108619907A true CN108619907A (en) | 2018-10-09 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111482087A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-04 | 重庆化工职业学院 | Low-temperature marine urea aqueous solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN112554999A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-26 | 重庆化工职业学院 | Anti-crystallization type automobile urea aqueous solution and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111482087A (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2020-08-04 | 重庆化工职业学院 | Low-temperature marine urea aqueous solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN112554999A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-26 | 重庆化工职业学院 | Anti-crystallization type automobile urea aqueous solution and preparation method thereof |
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