CN108616114B - A kind of power distribution network distributed layer protection system and method for the group containing microgrid - Google Patents

A kind of power distribution network distributed layer protection system and method for the group containing microgrid Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108616114B
CN108616114B CN201810469573.7A CN201810469573A CN108616114B CN 108616114 B CN108616114 B CN 108616114B CN 201810469573 A CN201810469573 A CN 201810469573A CN 108616114 B CN108616114 B CN 108616114B
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China
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protection
layer
micro
microgrid
capacitance sensor
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CN201810469573.7A
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CN108616114A (en
Inventor
王士柏
孙树敏
程艳
于芃
王瑞琪
滕玮
王玥娇
张兴友
李广磊
魏大钧
王楠
张用
赵鹏
任敬国
袁帅
瞿寒冰
王昭鑫
马杰
王小波
李俊恩
韩德顺
施啸寒
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Shandong University
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Shandong University
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
State Grid Shandong Electric Power Co Ltd
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Publication of CN108616114A publication Critical patent/CN108616114A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/28Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for meshed systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/261Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured involving signal transmission between at least two stations

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  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The application is the power distribution network distributed layer protection system and method about a kind of group containing microgrid, which includes equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer.This method includes the difference according to protection scope and protected object, and use three-layer protection to the power distribution network of the group containing microgrid: device-level protection, the protection of microgrid grade and distribution grade are protected;When distributed generation resource breaks down, device-level protection is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are back-up protection;When micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, the protection of microgrid grade is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are back-up protection;When power distribution network breaks down, distribution grade protection be main protection, be current power distribution network power upper level distribution protection be back-up protection.It by the protection system and method in the application, can effectively simplify protection process, improve the adaptability of protection system and method, and be conducive to improve the rapidity and reliability of protection system.

Description

A kind of power distribution network distributed layer protection system and method for the group containing microgrid
Technical field
This application involves the distributions of the power distribution network of power distribution network and distribution protection technical field more particularly to a kind of group containing microgrid Formula layered protection system and method.
Background technique
With the gradual depletion of fossil energy with the mankind to the growing interest of environmental problem, clean renewable energy power generation It expands rapidly, the energy revolution iterative method of a new round.It, can be to electricity after a large amount of renewable energy source current dispersion access distribution systems Safe and stable, the economical operation of net bring all multi-risk Systems and challenge.In order to effectively be managed to the distributed generation resource of unordered access Reason, microgrid come into being.Microgrid is intended to coordinated planning and management by partial electric grid, solves substantial amounts, shape The grid-connected problem of the distributed generation resource of formula multiplicity improves the flexibility and application efficiency of distributed generation technology, reduces system The scheduling difficulty of operations staff.
Microgrid also proposes the protection system of new distribution net while raising distributed generation resource grid-connected friendly Requirements at the higher level, traditional distribution protection system do not adapt to micro-capacitance sensor, particularly the protection requirement containing more microgrid power distribution networks.
Currently, being typically based on oneself of local information amount for guard method used by the power distribution network containing micro-capacitance sensor Adapt to current protection.Specifically, the running current of each node of power distribution network is monitored using real time information monitoring, is then calculated Then the operation condition of breaker writes self adaptive control program according to the operation condition of breaker, combined according to control program Field failure situation, makes circuit breaker trip, to realize the protection to local distributed generation resource.
However, in current guard method, due to collecting in power distribution network after the information content of each node, answered The complicated programming of miscellaneous breaker actuation condition and progress, so that the building of protection system is too complicated, data processing amount Larger, the protection act so as to cause protection system is not quick enough, and protection reliability is not high enough, to be unfavorable for containing micro-capacitance sensor Power distribution network stable operation.
Summary of the invention
To overcome protection system building present in the relevant technologies too complicated, information interaction amount is too many, and protection act is inadequate Quick and not high enough protection reliability problem, the application provide the power distribution network distributed layer protection system of group containing microgrid a kind of System and method.
The power distribution network distributed layer of the group containing microgrid a kind of protects system, includes multiple micro-capacitance sensors, institute in the power distribution network It states multiple micro-capacitance sensors to connect by micro-capacitance sensor breaker with power distribution network in diverse access point respectively, and in the multiple micro-capacitance sensor Any micro-capacitance sensor includes distributed generation resource, controllable burden and energy storage device, and the protection system successively includes from downstream toward upstream Equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer, and upper layer protective layer provides back-up protection for lower layer's protective layer, In,
Equipment protection layer, protects distributed generation resource when breaking down for distributed generation resource, tripping object is distribution Power grid breaker;
Micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, is used for protection micro-capacitance sensor route and micro-capacitance sensor bus when micro-capacitance sensor failure, and tripping object is Breaker in micro-capacitance sensor;
Distribution protection layer, is used for protection distribution network line and power distribution network bus when distribution network failure, and tripping object is The section switch and/or micro-grid connection breaker of power distribution network.
Optionally, the equipment protection layer includes equipment protection unit and the grid-connected breaker of distributed generation resource, wherein
Equipment protection unit is detected for distributed generation resource fault message, and when distributed generation resource breaks down to distribution Formula power grid breaker sends trip signal;
The grid-connected breaker of distributed generation resource controls grid entry point and distribution for the instruction according to equipment protection unit On-off between formula power supply.
Optionally, the micro-capacitance sensor protective layer includes that microgrid layer protected host and the processing of multiple microgrid layer intelligent troubles are whole End, between the multiple microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal and microgrid layer protected host and multiple microgrid layer intelligent troubles It is communicated to connect between processing terminal, includes micro-grid connection breaker in the microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal, and more A microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal is set at different micro-grid connection breakers, wherein
The microgrid layer protected host is used for according to real-time microgrid topology structure and preset microgrid layer protection scope, Microgrid layer protection associated domain is established, and protects associated domain to generate microgrid layer configuration-direct according to microgrid layer, and by the microgrid Layer configuration-direct is sent to the microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal for needing to exchange information;
The microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal for inside micro-capacitance sensor fault detection, information exchange and according to therefore Barrier positioning and algorithms for fault isolation execute Fault Isolation.
Optionally, the distribution protection layer includes handling eventually with stratum reticulare protected host and multiple stratum reticulare intelligent troubles of matching End, it is the multiple between stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal and with stratum reticulare protected host and multiple at stratum reticulare intelligent trouble It is communicated to connect between reason terminal, it is described with including power distribution network section switch in stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal and multiple It is set to stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal at different power distribution network section switches, wherein
It is described with stratum reticulare protected host be used for according to real-time power distribution network topological structure and it is preset match stratum reticulare protection scope, It establishes and protects associated domain with stratum reticulare, and match stratum reticulare configuration-direct according to generating with stratum reticulare protection associated domain, and by the distribution Layer configuration-direct be sent to need to exchange information with stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal;
It is described with stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal for inside power distribution network fault detection, information exchange and according to therefore Barrier positioning and algorithms for fault isolation execute Fault Isolation.
Optionally, it is provided with microgrid layer timer in the micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, is protected for providing nearly standby for mechanical floor Shield;
It is also embedded with nearly standby algorithms for fault isolation in the micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, is protected for providing nearly standby for microgrid layer Shield;
It is provided in the distribution protection layer with stratum reticulare timer, for providing remote standby for mechanical floor and microgrid layer and protecting Shield.
A kind of power distribution network distributed layer guard method of the group containing microgrid, the method are applied to matching for the above-mentioned group containing microgrid Power grid distributed layer protects system, which comprises
According to protection scope and the difference of protected object, use three-layer protection to the power distribution network of the group containing microgrid: device level is protected Shield, the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade;
When distributed generation resource breaks down, device-level protection is main protection, after the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are Standby protection;
When micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, the protection of microgrid grade is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are that standby is protected Shield;
When power distribution network breaks down, the protection of distribution grade is main protection, for the upper level power distribution network of current power distribution network power supply Protection is back-up protection.
Optionally, when distributed generation resource breaks down, device-level protection is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and distribution grade are protected Shield is the method for back-up protection, is included the following steps:
S21: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire in respective protection scope in real time respectively Electrical quantity, the electrical quantity include voltage and current;
S22: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer are respectively according to electrical in respective protection scope Amount, positions failure, and determine failure for the failure of distributed generation resource;
S23: if equipment protection layer can work normally, equipment protection layer makes the distributed generation resource to break down simultaneously immediately Net circuit breaker trip, and the protection of microgrid grade and distribution grade protect involution;
S24: it if equipment protection layer cisco unity malfunction and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer can work normally, is protected from micro-capacitance sensor Layer determines that distributed generation resource has broken down, and delay time is the distributed electrical that after Δ t, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer tripping is broken down The connected all upstream circuit breakers in source, and distribution grade protects involution;
S25: if equipment protection layer and the equal cisco unity malfunction of micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, failure is determined from distribution protection layer It is risen positioned at micro-capacitance sensor where distributed generation resource, it is micro- where distribution protection layer tripping distributed generation resource after delay time is 2 Δ t The micro-grid connection breaker of power grid.
Optionally, when micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, the protection of microgrid grade is main protection, the protection of microgrid grade grade and the protection of distribution grade For the method for back-up protection, include the following steps:
S31: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire in respective protection scope in real time respectively Electrical quantity, the electrical quantity include voltage and current;
S32: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer are respectively according to electrical in respective protection scope Amount, positions failure, and determine failure for some micro-capacitance sensor failure in microgrid layer;
S33: the micro-capacitance sensor protective layer of micro-capacitance sensor if a failure occurs can work normally, and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer makes immediately The circuit breaker trip at the micro-capacitance sensor element both ends broken down, device-level protection do not start, and distribution grade protects involution;
S34: the breaker at micro-capacitance sensor element both ends if a failure occurs cannot normal tripping, sentence from micro-capacitance sensor protective layer Surely it has broken down, after delay time is Δ t, nearly standby algorithms for fault isolation, makes to send out according to embedded by micro-capacitance sensor protective layer Micro-capacitance sensor circuit breaker trip within the scope of the nearly standby of micro-capacitance sensor of raw failure, distribution grade protect involution;
S35: if micro-capacitance sensor protective layer cisco unity malfunction, from distribution protection layer determines that micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, Delay time is the micro-grid connection breaker that after 2 Δ t, distribution protection layer tripping is broken down.
Optionally, when power distribution network breaks down, the protection of distribution grade is main protection, for the upper level of current power distribution network power supply Distribution protection is the method for back-up protection, is included the following steps:
S41: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire in respective protection scope in real time respectively Electrical quantity, the electrical quantity include voltage and current;
S42: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer are respectively according to electrical in respective protection scope Amount, positions failure, and determine failure for distribution network failure;
S43: if distribution protection layer can work normally, distribution protection layer makes the segmentation open circuit of fault point immediately Device and/or micro-grid connection circuit breaker trip, and device-level protection and the protection of microgrid grade do not start;
S44: if distribution protection layer cisco unity malfunction, from determining that distribution protection layer breaks down, be delayed Δ t It afterwards, is the breaker and corresponding micro-capacitance sensor circuit breaker trip of the upper level power distribution network of current power distribution network power supply.
The technical solution that embodiments herein provides can include the following benefits:
The application provides the power distribution network distributed layer protection system of group containing microgrid a kind of, which includes that equipment is protected Three sheath, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer protective layer, and upper layer protective layer provides standby for lower layer's protective layer and protects Shield.Wherein, it when equipment protection layer breaks down for distributed generation resource, is protected and making distributed generation resource grid-connected circuit breaker trip Protect distributed generation resource;Micro-capacitance sensor is protective layer used when micro-capacitance sensor failure, is protected and making the circuit breaker trip in micro-capacitance sensor micro- Power network line and micro-capacitance sensor bus;Distribution protection layer be used for distribution network failure when, by make power distribution network section switch and Micro-grid connection circuit breaker trip and protect distribution network line and power distribution network bus.The application is right by three protective layers of setting Power distribution network containing multiple micro-capacitance sensors carries out layered protection, each protective layer within the scope of autoprotection equipment or route lead Protection can effectively simplify protection system, reduce the information content that fault location needs to exchange, and improve the adaptability of protection system, And be conducive to improve the rapidity of protection system.In addition, the application, on the basis of main protection, upper layer protective layer is lower layer guarantor Sheath provides back-up protection, can be improved the reliability of protection system.
Three protective layers in this protection system use different structures, can adapt to different types of power distribution network and micro- electricity The topological structure of net, thus realize the group containing microgrid power distribution network different location failure and distributed generation resource failure it is quick positioning with Isolation, so that the power distribution network for the group containing microgrid provides reliable protection.
The application also provides the power distribution network distributed layer guard method of group containing microgrid a kind of, which mainly wraps It includes: according to protection scope and the difference of protected object, three-layer protection being used to the power distribution network of the group containing microgrid: is device-level protection, micro- The protection of net grade and the protection of distribution grade;When distributed generation resource breaks down, device-level protection is main protection, and microgrid grade is protected and matched The protection of net grade is back-up protection;When micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, the protection of microgrid grade is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and distribution grade are protected Shield is back-up protection;When power distribution network breaks down, the protection of distribution grade is main protection, and the upper level for current power distribution network power supply is matched Electric network protection is back-up protection.The application is according to protection scope and protected object, using the method for layered protection, when judgement failure When within the scope of autoprotection, start main protection, when determining that failure is not belonging to autoprotection range without starting or again Return, can effectively simplify interactive data information amount, to improve the rapidity of protection act.The application is protected at the middle and upper levels as lower layer Protection provides back-up protection, and when main protection is broken down, delay certain time starts back-up protection, to improve power distribution network guarantor The reliability of shield.
It should be understood that above general description and following detailed description be only it is exemplary and explanatory, not The application can be limited.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows the implementation for meeting the application Example, and together with specification it is used to explain the principle of the application.
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, for those of ordinary skill in the art Speech, without any creative labor, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is that the power distribution network distributed layer of group containing microgrid provided by the embodiments of the present application a kind of protects the structure of system to show It is intended to;
Fig. 2 is the operation principle schematic diagram of micro-capacitance sensor protective layer in the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is the operation principle schematic diagram of distribution protection layer in the embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 4 is that a kind of process of the power distribution network distributed layer guard method of the group containing microgrid provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown It is intended to;
Fig. 5 is protection philosophy schematic diagram of the guard method in the embodiment of the present application in different faults point.
Symbol indicates:
1- equipment protection layer, 11- equipment protection unit, the grid-connected breaker of 12- distributed generation resource, 2- micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, 21- microgrid layer protected host, 22- microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal, 3- distribution protection layer, 31- with stratum reticulare protected host, 32- matches stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal.
Specific embodiment
In order to clarify the technical characteristics of the invention, below by specific embodiment, and its attached drawing is combined, to this Shen It please be described in detail.Following disclosure provides many different embodiments or example is used to realize the different knots of the application Structure.In order to simplify disclosure herein, hereinafter the component of specific examples and setting are described.In addition, the application can be with Repeat reference numerals and/or letter in different examples.This repetition is that for purposes of simplicity and clarity, itself is not indicated Relationship between various embodiments and/or setting is discussed.It should be noted that illustrated component is not necessarily to scale in the accompanying drawings It draws.The description to known assemblies and treatment technology and process is omitted to avoid the application is unnecessarily limiting in the application.
In the power distribution network containing microgrid group, due to having accessed a large amount of distributed electricals in traditional passive passively power distribution network Source, flexible controllable burden, energy storage device etc., make traditional power distribution network be changed into the power distribution network of active active.Have to realize to this The management of the power distribution network of source active, by the controllable resources such as distributed generation resource, controllable burden, energy storage device and uncontrollable load group Close, according to geographical location constitute one by one micro-capacitance sensor, power distribution network micro-capacitance sensor is managed, micro-capacitance sensor to internal controllable device into Row management.Therefore, including mechanical floor, microgrid layer and with stratum reticulare in the power distribution network of the group containing microgrid.Usually from mechanical floor to stratum reticulare Direction be it is upper, from stratum reticulare to mechanical floor direction be under, that is to say, that in power distribution network, be followed successively by from downstream toward upstream Mechanical floor, microgrid layer and match stratum reticulare.Correspondingly, the protection of distribution grade is that the upper layer of microgrid grade protection is protected in the application, microgrid grade Protection is that the upper layer of device-level protection is protected.
Equipment protection layer is capable of providing device-level protection in the application, and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer is capable of providing the protection of microgrid grade, Distribution protection layer is capable of providing the protection of distribution grade.
The application in order to better understand explains in detail presently filed embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is that the power distribution network distributed layer of group containing microgrid provided by the embodiments of the present application a kind of protects system Structural schematic diagram.As shown in Figure 1, the protection system in the application, from downstream mainly include equipment protection layer 1 toward upstream, it is micro- Electric network protection layer 2 and distribution protection layer 3, and upper layer protective layer provides back-up protection for lower layer's protective layer.
Wherein, equipment protection layer 1 is for distributed generation resource DG (Distributed Generation, distributed power generation dress Set) distributed generation resource is protected when breaking down, tripping object is the grid-connected breaker 12 of distributed generation resource.When distributed generation resource is sent out When raw internal fault, equipment protection layer 1 can export the grid-connected breaker 12 of tripping distributed generation resource by tripping, to quickly cut Except distributed generation resource, play a protective role.
Equipment protection layer 1 includes equipment protection unit 11 and the grid-connected breaker 12 of distributed generation resource, wherein equipment protection list Member 11 is detected for distributed generation resource fault message, and when distributed generation resource breaks down to the grid-connected breaker of distributed generation resource 12 send trip signal.The grid-connected breaker 12 of distributed generation resource is used for the instruction according to equipment protection unit 11, controls grid entry point On-off between distributed generation resource.
Specifically, according to the difference of distributed electrical source category, equipment protection unit 11 mainly includes the control of distributed generation resource Molding block or distributed generation resource internal fault detector.Wherein, the control module of distributed generation resource is the control of distributed generation resource System.Such as: if distributed generation resource is synchronous generator type, it can configure differential protection for generator and realize the inspection of DG internal fault It surveys;If distributed generation resource is the new energy power supply grid-connected based on current transformer, can be directly controlled by inverter controller Circuit breaker trip.
With continued reference to Fig. 1 it is found that this protection system further includes micro-capacitance sensor protective layer 2, it to be used for protection when micro-capacitance sensor failure Micro-capacitance sensor route and micro-capacitance sensor bus, tripping object are the breaker in micro-capacitance sensor.Namely when the micro- electricity of some in microgrid layer When mesh element such as route, bus etc. breaks down, tripping object is the breaker of micro-capacitance sensor where fault element, generally micro- electricity The breaker at fault element both ends in net.
It should be noted that the breaker in the application in micro-grid connection breaker and micro-capacitance sensor, used open circuit Device equipment is identical, but they are set to position different in power distribution network, and function is different.Micro-capacitance sensor passes through micro-grid connection open circuit Device accesses in power distribution network, and the breaker in micro-capacitance sensor refers to all breakers that each element both ends are set to inside micro-capacitance sensor.
Micro-capacitance sensor protective layer includes microgrid layer protected host 21 and multiple microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminals 22, Duo Gewei Between stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal 22, between microgrid layer protected host 21 and multiple microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminals 22 It communicates to connect, includes micro-grid connection breaker in microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal 22, and multiple microgrid layers are intelligently former Barrier processing terminal 22 is set at different micro-grid connection breakers.Namely this protection system is whole using intelligent trouble processing End 22 replaces the breaker in Conventional protection systems, to realize fault detection, fault message interaction, fault location and breaker Tripping control.
Wherein, microgrid layer protected host 21 is used to protect model according to real-time microgrid topology structure and preset microgrid layer It encloses, establishes microgrid layer protection associated domain, and protect associated domain to generate microgrid layer configuration-direct according to microgrid layer, and by microgrid layer Configuration-direct is sent to the microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal 22 for needing to exchange information.It is micro- when network topology changes Stratum reticulare protected host 21 can time update protection association range configuration, to adapt to change in topology.The processing of microgrid layer intelligent trouble Terminal 22 for inside micro-capacitance sensor fault detection, information exchange and failure executed according to fault location and algorithms for fault isolation Isolation.
Further, microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal 22 includes microgrid layer fault detection element, microgrid layer communication member Part and micro-capacitance sensor breaker.Wherein, microgrid layer fault detection element includes overflow protecting element and direction protection element again, and two Person is respectively used to detect stream information and fault direction information, and generates fault comprehensive information according to testing result, supports failure Positioning and isolation.Microgrid layer communication device is used between multiple microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminals 22 and microgrid layer protection master It is communicated between machine 21 and multiple microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminals 22, and fault location, isolation calculation is executed according to result of communication Method generates trip signal.Micro-grid connection breaker has switch short current capacity, is able to carry out trip command and event is isolated Barrier.
Specifically, Fig. 2 shows the working principles of micro-capacitance sensor protective layer in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in Figure 2, micro-capacitance sensor The course of work of each component is as follows in protective layer 2:
Step A1: microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal 22 is passed through by fault detection element testing local switch state Local switch state is reported to microgrid layer protected host 21 by communication network;
Step A2: microgrid layer protected host 21 determines microgrid topology according to each point switch state, and according to preset Protection scope, which divides, calculates protection associated domain, needs the microgrid layer intelligent trouble of interactive information to handle eventually according to calculated result configuration End 22;
Step A3: microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal 22 detects local fault comprehensive information, and is protected according to microgrid layer The configuration of host 21 and the 22 exchange trouble information of microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal in same protection associated domain;
Step A4: each microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal 22 is according to local fault message and with group microgrid layer intelligent trouble 22 interactive information of processing terminal executes fault location algorithm, generates the tripping scheme of isolated fault, and intelligent to same group of microgrid layer Troubleshooting terminal 22 sends tripping or forbids trip signal;
Step A5: the micro-grid connection breaker in microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal 22 executes trip command, completes Fault Isolation is subsequently returned to step A1.
With continued reference to Fig. 1, distribution protection layer 3 is used for protection distribution network line and power distribution network bus when distribution network failure, Its section switch and/or micro-grid connection breaker that object is power distribution network that trip.Distribution protection layer 3 is a feed line Active power distribution network under road provides protection, the distribution lines such as A-B, B-C, C-D as shown in figure 1.When a certain section of distribution in power distribution network When line failure, tripping object is determined according to the different location of fault point.When fault element is that both ends are disconnected equipped with segmentation When the route of road device, tripping object is the section switch at this section of route both ends of power distribution network;When failure occur in micro-capacitance sensor, and When micro-capacitance sensor and the protection of relevant device grade cannot be acted correctly, tripping object is micro-grid connection breaker;When failure occurs When on micro-grid connection point bus, tripping object is to section switch and the micro-grid connection being connected with bus open circuit Device.
Distribution protection layer 3 include with stratum reticulare protected host 31 and it is multiple match stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal 32, it is multiple With between stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal 32 and with stratum reticulare protected host 31 and it is multiple match stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal It is communicated to connect between 32, with including power distribution network section switch in stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal 32, and multiple matches stratum reticulare Intelligent trouble processing terminal 32 is set at different power distribution network section switches.
Wherein, it is used to protect model according to real-time power distribution network topological structure and preset stratum reticulare of matching with stratum reticulare protected host 31 It encloses, establishes with stratum reticulare protection associated domain, and match stratum reticulare configuration-direct according to generating with stratum reticulare protection associated domain, and match by described in Stratum reticulare configuration-direct be sent to need to exchange information with stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal 32.Eventually with the processing of stratum reticulare intelligent trouble End 32 for inside power distribution network fault detection, information exchange and according to fault location and algorithms for fault isolation execute failure every From.
It further, include with stratum reticulare fault detection element, with stratum reticulare communication member with stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal 32 The section switch of part and power distribution network.It wherein, again include overflow protecting element and direction protection with stratum reticulare fault detection element Element, the two are respectively used to detect stream information and fault direction information, and generate fault comprehensive information according to testing result, branch Support fault location and isolation.With stratum reticulare communication device for multiple between stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal 32 and with stratum reticulare Protected host 31 and multiple with communicating between stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal 32, and according to result of communication execute fault location, Isolated algorithm generates trip signal.The section switch of power distribution network has switch short current capacity, is able to carry out trip command And isolated fault.
Fig. 3 shows the working principle of distribution protection layer in the embodiment of the present application, each component in distribution protection layer 3 The course of work is similar with the course of work of each component in micro-capacitance sensor protective layer 2, and details are not described herein.
Further, it is provided with microgrid layer timer in the micro-capacitance sensor protective layer 2 of the present embodiment protection system, for set Standby layer provides nearly back-up protection.Nearly standby algorithms for fault isolation is also embedded in micro-capacitance sensor protective layer 2, for providing for microgrid layer Nearly back-up protection.It is provided in distribution protection layer 3 with stratum reticulare timer, for providing remote standby for mechanical floor and microgrid layer and protecting Shield.
It is, three protective layers in this protection system are respectively equipment or route offer master within the scope of autoprotection Protection, and upper layer protective layer provides back-up protection for lower layer's protective layer, to provide the reliability of protection system.Specifically, if Standby protective layer 1 provides main protection for distributed generation resource, and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer 2 provides nearly back-up protection, distribution for distributed generation resource Net protective layer 3 provides remote back-up protection for distributed generation resource.Micro-capacitance sensor protective layer 2 provides for micro-capacitance sensor route and micro-capacitance sensor bus Main protection is provided by being embedded in nearly standby algorithms for fault isolation in micro-capacitance sensor protective layer 2 for micro-capacitance sensor route and micro-capacitance sensor bus Nearly back-up protection, distribution protection layer 3 provide remote back-up protection for micro-capacitance sensor route and micro-capacitance sensor bus.Distribution protection layer 3 Main protection is provided for distribution network line and power distribution network bus, after the upper level power distribution network of current power distribution network provides for current power distribution network Standby protection.
Referring to fig. 4, Fig. 4 is a kind of power distribution network distributed layer guard method of the group containing microgrid provided by the embodiments of the present application Flow diagram.
As shown in Figure 4, the guard method in the application mainly comprises the following processes:
S1: according to protection scope and the difference of protected object, three-layer protection: device level is used to the power distribution network of the group containing microgrid Protection, the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade.
S2: when distributed generation resource breaks down, device-level protection is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are Back-up protection.
Specifically, step S2 includes the following steps: again
S21: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire in respective protection scope in real time respectively Electrical quantity, electrical quantity include voltage and current.
When internal-internal short trouble occurs for distributed generation resource, system short-circuit will lead to, thus equipment protection layer, micro- electricity Net protective layer and distribution protection layer are able to detect that the failure.
S22: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer are respectively according to electrical in respective protection scope Amount, positions failure, and determine failure for the failure of distributed generation resource.
It gets at grid entry point after the electrical quantity such as real-time voltage, electric current, judges that failure is according to specific Preservation tactics It is no to be located inside distributed generation resource, and determine failure for the failure of distributed generation resource.Specific Preservation tactics are such as: synchronous generator Using differential protection, the internal monitoring variable etc. of grid-connected inverters power supply use.
S23: if equipment protection layer can work normally, equipment protection layer makes the distributed generation resource to break down simultaneously immediately Net circuit breaker trip, and the protection of microgrid grade and distribution grade protect involution.
After determining failure for distributed generation resource failure, distribution protection layer is out of order by fault location judgement in micro-capacitance sensor Inside, that is, micro-capacitance sensor breaker is hereinafter, therefore distribution protection layer determines that failure except autoprotection range, will not give Breaker in its own protection scope sends trip signal.Micro-capacitance sensor protective layer is equally out of order by fault location judgement For distributed generation resource breaker hereinafter, therefore micro-capacitance sensor protective layer determines failure except autoprotection range, the protection of microgrid grade is multiple Return.
After equipment protection layer determines failure for internal fault, if the breaker of equipment protection layer can work normally, stand That is starting protection device-level protection exports the grid-connected breaker of tripping distributed generation resource by tripping.
S24: it if equipment protection layer cisco unity malfunction and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer can work normally, is protected from micro-capacitance sensor Layer determines that distributed generation resource has broken down, and delay time is the distributed electrical that after Δ t, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer tripping is broken down The connected all upstream circuit breakers in source, and distribution grade protects involution.
S25: if equipment protection layer and the equal cisco unity malfunction of micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, failure is determined from distribution protection layer It is risen positioned at micro-capacitance sensor where distributed generation resource, it is micro- where distribution protection layer tripping distributed generation resource after delay time is 2 Δ t The micro-grid connection breaker of power grid.
Lead to unordered tripping to avoid the tripping of equipment protection layer, device-level protection is arranged in the protection of microgrid grade in the application Nearly back-up protection, distribution grade protection in be arranged device-level protection remote back-up protection.
It specifically, is that the guard method in the embodiment of the present application is shown in the protection philosophy of different faults point referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 5 It is intended to.When microgrid grade protection positioning failure is at distributed generation resource breaker downstream, tripping distributed generation resource is breaking after the Δ t that is delayed The connected all upstream circuit breakers of device.For breaking down at F1, if distributed generation resource breaks down, and equipment is protected simultaneously Sheath is unable to the distributed generation resource breaker at tripping J, then from micro-capacitance sensor protective layer determines that distributed generation resource breaks down, prolongs When the Δ t time after, the side H of micro-capacitance sensor protective layer tripping H to J route switchs.
It is distributed from the judgement of distribution protection layer if equipment protection layer and the equal cisco unity malfunction of micro-capacitance sensor protective layer Power failure rises, after delay time is 2 Δ t, the micro-capacitance sensor of micro-capacitance sensor where distribution protection layer tripping distributed generation resource Grid-connected breaker, such as the microgrid 4 in Fig. 5.
S3: when micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, the protection of microgrid grade is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are standby Protection.
Specifically, step S3 is comprised the following processes again:
S31: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire in respective protection scope in real time respectively Electrical quantity, electrical quantity include voltage and current.
S32: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer are respectively according to electrical in respective protection scope Amount, positions failure, and determine failure for some micro-capacitance sensor failure in microgrid layer.
When micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, microgrid layer intelligent trouble detecting element is examined by over-current detection and fault current direction Survey, formation include whether break down and and fault direction fault comprehensive information, pass through communication channel and same protection Intelligent trouble processing terminal in associated domain exchanges information.The detection method of microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal herein, in Fig. 2 Shown in elaborated in the course of work of each component in micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, details are not described herein.
S33: the micro-capacitance sensor breaker of micro-capacitance sensor if a failure occurs can work normally, and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer makes immediately The circuit breaker trip at the micro-capacitance sensor element both ends broken down, device-level protection do not start, and distribution grade protects involution.
After determining failure for micro-capacitance sensor failure, equipment protection layer determine failure in the upstream of distributed generation resource breaker, because Starting device grade is not protected for this.And distribution protection layer according to fault location determine determine failure inside micro-capacitance sensor, therefore Involution after distribution grade protection act.
S34: the breaker at micro-capacitance sensor element both ends if a failure occurs cannot normal tripping, sentence from micro-capacitance sensor protective layer Surely it has broken down, after delay time is Δ t, nearly standby algorithms for fault isolation, makes to send out according to embedded by micro-capacitance sensor protective layer Micro-capacitance sensor circuit breaker trip within the scope of the nearly standby of micro-capacitance sensor of raw failure, distribution grade protect involution.
S35: if micro-capacitance sensor protective layer cisco unity malfunction, from distribution protection layer determines that micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, Delay time is the micro-grid connection breaker that after 2 Δ t, distribution protection layer tripping is broken down.
With continued reference to Fig. 5, for breaking down at F2, when breaking down at F2 in entire power distribution network, only microgrid Grade protection positioning failure is between I-K, so all breakers that tripping I-K route I side breaker is connected with K bus, thus Isolated fault.
Since the protection of microgrid grade realizes fault location and isolation based on microgrid information exchange, thus can be embedded in wherein it is close after Standby algorithms for fault isolation, the i.e. switch of the nearly standby range of tripping.For example, at F2 when failure, if I-K route I side breaker tripping, It then from micro-capacitance sensor protective layer determines that distributed generation resource breaks down, is delayed after the Δ t time, tripping I bus is connected all disconnected Road device and the side I-H route H breaker.All remote back-up protections of micro-capacitance sensor internal fault are by distribution protection in the present embodiment Layer provides, i.e., from distribution protection layer determines that distributed generation resource breaks down, after delay time is 2 Δ t, tripping is corresponding micro- The grid-connected breaker of power grid, such as microgrid 4.
S4: when power distribution network breaks down, the protection of distribution grade is main protection, for the upper level distribution of current power distribution network power supply Net protection is back-up protection.
Specifically, step S4 is comprised the following processes again:
S41: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire in respective protection scope in real time respectively Electrical quantity, the electrical quantity include voltage and current.
S42: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer are respectively according to electrical in respective protection scope Amount, positions failure, and determine failure for distribution network failure.
Detection method with stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal when power distribution network breaks down, it is micro- when breaking down with micro-capacitance sensor The detection method of stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal is similar, and details are not described herein.
S43: if distribution protection layer can work normally, distribution protection layer makes the segmentation open circuit of fault point immediately Device and/or micro-grid connection circuit breaker trip, and device-level protection and the protection of microgrid grade do not start.
After determining failure for distribution network failure, equipment protection layer and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer determine failure in autoprotection range Except, therefore the not protection of starting device grade and the protection of microgrid grade.
After distribution protection layer determines failure within the scope of autoprotection, if the section switch of power distribution network and corresponding micro- The breaker of power grid can work normally, and distribution protection layer starting protection immediately makes the section switch and phase of fault point Answer the micro-capacitance sensor circuit breaker trip of micro-capacitance sensor.
Referring specifically to Fig. 5, for breaking down at F3, when breaking down at F3 in entire power distribution network, distribution grade After protecting positioning failure, tripping G bus associated switch and the side route F F-G switch realize Fault Isolation.
S44: if distribution protection layer cisco unity malfunction, from determining that distribution protection layer breaks down, be delayed Δ t It afterwards, is the breaker and corresponding micro-capacitance sensor circuit breaker trip of the upper level power distribution network of current power distribution network power supply.
Similar with the protection of microgrid grade, the nearly back-up protection of distribution grade protection can be realized by expanding scope of power outage.
In conclusion the application is according to protection scope and protected object, using the method for layered protection, when determining that failure is When within the scope of autoprotection, start main protection, when determining that failure is not belonging to autoprotection range without starting or directly Involution can effectively simplify interactive data information amount, to improve the rapidity of protection act.Moreover, the application protects at the middle and upper levels Shield provides back-up protection for lower layer's protection, and when main protection is broken down, delay certain time starts back-up protection, to improve The reliability of distribution protection.
The above is the optional embodiment of the application, for those skilled in the art, Under the premise of not departing from the application principle, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also regarded as this Shen Protection scope please.

Claims (8)

  1. It include multiple micro-capacitance sensors in the power distribution network 1. the power distribution network distributed layer of group containing microgrid a kind of protects system, it is described Multiple micro-capacitance sensors are connect by micro-grid connection breaker with power distribution network in diverse access point respectively, and in the multiple micro-capacitance sensor Any micro-capacitance sensor include distributed generation resource, controllable burden and energy storage device, which is characterized in that the protection system is past from downstream Upstream successively includes equipment protection layer (1), micro-capacitance sensor protective layer (2) and distribution protection layer (3), and upper layer protective layer is lower layer Protective layer provides back-up protection, wherein
    Equipment protection layer (1), protects distributed generation resource when breaking down for distributed generation resource, tripping object is distributed electrical The grid-connected breaker in source (12);
    Micro-capacitance sensor protective layer (2), is used for protection micro-capacitance sensor route and micro-capacitance sensor bus when micro-capacitance sensor failure, and tripping object is micro- Breaker in power grid, the micro-capacitance sensor protective layer (2) include microgrid layer protected host (21) and multiple microgrid layer intelligent troubles Processing terminal (22), between the multiple microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal (22) and microgrid layer protected host (21) and It is communicated to connect between multiple microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminals (22), packet in the microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal (22) Micro-grid connection breaker is included, and multiple microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminals (22) are set to different micro-grid connections and break At the device of road, wherein
    The microgrid layer protected host (21), for protecting model according to real-time microgrid topology structure and preset microgrid layer It encloses, establishes microgrid layer protection associated domain, and protect associated domain to generate microgrid layer configuration-direct according to microgrid layer, and will be described micro- Stratum reticulare configuration-direct is sent to the microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal (22) for needing to exchange information;
    The microgrid layer intelligent trouble processing terminal (22), for inside micro-capacitance sensor fault detection, information exchange and according to Fault location and algorithms for fault isolation execute Fault Isolation;
    Distribution protection layer (3), is used for protection distribution network line and power distribution network bus when distribution network failure, tripping object be with Power grid section switch and/or micro-grid connection breaker.
  2. 2. the power distribution network distributed layer of group containing microgrid according to claim 1 a kind of protects system, which is characterized in that institute Stating equipment protection layer includes equipment protection unit (11) and the grid-connected breaker of distributed generation resource (12), wherein
    Equipment protection unit (11) is detected for distributed generation resource fault message, and when distributed generation resource breaks down to distribution Formula power grid breaker (12) sends trip signal;
    The grid-connected breaker of distributed generation resource (12), for according to the instructions of equipment protection unit (11), control grid entry point with On-off between distributed generation resource.
  3. 3. the power distribution network distributed layer of group containing microgrid according to claim 1 a kind of protects system, which is characterized in that institute State distribution protection layer (3) include with stratum reticulare protected host (31) and it is multiple match stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal (32), it is described It is multiple to match between stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal (32) and with stratum reticulare protected host (31) and multiple with stratum reticulare intelligent trouble Processing terminal communicates to connect between (32), described to break with the segmentation in stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal (32) including power distribution network Road device, and multiple stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminals (32) of matching are set at different power distribution network section switches, wherein
    It is described to match stratum reticulare protected host (31), for protecting model according to real-time power distribution network topological structure and preset stratum reticulare of matching It encloses, establishes with stratum reticulare protection associated domain, and match stratum reticulare configuration-direct according to generating with stratum reticulare protection associated domain, and match by described in Stratum reticulare configuration-direct be sent to need to exchange information with stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal (32);
    It is described match stratum reticulare intelligent trouble processing terminal (32), for inside power distribution network fault detection, information exchange and according to Fault location and algorithms for fault isolation execute Fault Isolation.
  4. 4. the power distribution network distributed layer of group containing microgrid according to claim 1 a kind of protects system, which is characterized in that institute It states and is provided with microgrid layer timer in micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, for providing nearly back-up protection for mechanical floor;
    Nearly standby algorithms for fault isolation is also embedded in the micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, for providing nearly back-up protection for microgrid layer;
    It is provided in the distribution protection layer with stratum reticulare timer, for providing remote back-up protection for mechanical floor and microgrid layer.
  5. 5. the power distribution network distributed layer guard method of group containing microgrid a kind of, the method is applied to any in claim 1-4 A kind of power distribution network distributed layer protection system of the group containing microgrid described in one, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
    According to protection scope and the difference of protected object, three-layer protection used to the power distribution network of the group containing microgrid: device-level protection, micro- The protection of net grade and the protection of distribution grade;
    When distributed generation resource breaks down, device-level protection is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are that standby is protected Shield;
    When micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, the protection of microgrid grade is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are back-up protection;
    When power distribution network breaks down, the protection of distribution grade is main protection, for the upper level distribution protection of current power distribution network power supply For back-up protection.
  6. 6. the power distribution network distributed layer guard method of group containing microgrid according to claim 5 a kind of, which is characterized in that when When distributed generation resource breaks down, device-level protection is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade and the protection of distribution grade are the side of back-up protection Method includes the following steps:
    S21: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire electrical in respective protection scope in real time respectively Amount, the electrical quantity includes voltage and current;
    S22: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer respectively according to the electrical quantity in respective protection scope, Failure is positioned, and determines failure for the failure of distributed generation resource;
    S23: if equipment protection layer can work normally, equipment protection layer makes the distributed generation resource to break down grid-connected disconnected immediately The tripping of road device, and the protection of microgrid grade and distribution grade protect involution;
    S24: if equipment protection layer cisco unity malfunction and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer can work normally, sentence from micro-capacitance sensor protective layer Determine distributed generation resource to have broken down, delay time is the distributed generation resource phase that after Δ t, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer tripping is broken down All upstream circuit breakers even, and distribution grade protects involution;
    S25: if equipment protection layer and the equal cisco unity malfunction of micro-capacitance sensor protective layer, determine that failure is located at from distribution protection layer Micro-capacitance sensor rises where distributed generation resource, after delay time is 2 Δ t, micro-capacitance sensor where distribution protection layer tripping distributed generation resource Micro-grid connection breaker.
  7. 7. the power distribution network distributed layer guard method of group containing microgrid according to claim 5 a kind of, which is characterized in that when When micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, the protection of microgrid grade is main protection, and the protection of microgrid grade grade and the protection of distribution grade are the method for back-up protection, Include the following steps:
    S31: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire electrical in respective protection scope in real time respectively Amount, the electrical quantity includes voltage and current;
    S32: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer respectively according to the electrical quantity in respective protection scope, Failure is positioned, and determines failure for some micro-capacitance sensor failure in microgrid layer;
    S33: the micro-capacitance sensor protective layer of micro-capacitance sensor if a failure occurs can work normally, and micro-capacitance sensor protective layer makes to occur immediately The circuit breaker trip at the micro-capacitance sensor element both ends of failure, device-level protection do not start, and distribution grade protects involution;
    S34: the breaker at micro-capacitance sensor element both ends if a failure occurs cannot normal tripping, from micro-capacitance sensor protective layer determine send out Raw failure rises, and after delay time is Δ t, the nearly standby algorithms for fault isolation according to embedded by micro-capacitance sensor protective layer makes that event occurs Micro-capacitance sensor circuit breaker trip within the scope of the nearly standby of the micro-capacitance sensor of barrier, distribution grade protect involution;
    S35: if micro-capacitance sensor protective layer cisco unity malfunction, from distribution protection layer determines that micro-capacitance sensor breaks down, delay Time is the micro-grid connection breaker that after 2 Δ t, distribution protection layer tripping is broken down.
  8. 8. the power distribution network distributed layer guard method of group containing microgrid according to claim 5 a kind of, which is characterized in that when When power distribution network breaks down, distribution grade protection be main protection, be current power distribution network power upper level distribution protection be standby The method of protection, includes the following steps:
    S41: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer acquire electrical in respective protection scope in real time respectively Amount, the electrical quantity includes voltage and current;
    S42: equipment protection layer, micro-capacitance sensor protective layer and distribution protection layer respectively according to the electrical quantity in respective protection scope, Failure is positioned, and determines failure for distribution network failure;
    S43: if distribution protection layer can work normally, distribution protection layer makes the section switch of fault point immediately And/or micro-grid connection circuit breaker trip, and device-level protection and the protection of microgrid grade do not start;
    S44: if distribution protection layer cisco unity malfunction, from determining that distribution protection layer breaks down, being delayed after Δ t, For the breaker and corresponding micro-capacitance sensor circuit breaker trip of the upper level power distribution network of current power distribution network power supply.
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