CN108615917B - Fault detection system and method for solid oxide fuel cell system - Google Patents
Fault detection system and method for solid oxide fuel cell system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108615917B CN108615917B CN201810319708.1A CN201810319708A CN108615917B CN 108615917 B CN108615917 B CN 108615917B CN 201810319708 A CN201810319708 A CN 201810319708A CN 108615917 B CN108615917 B CN 108615917B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- pile
- fuel
- stack
- link
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/04664—Failure or abnormal function
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a fault detection system and a method of a solid oxide fuel cell system, wherein the fault detection system comprises a first proportion link, an integration link, a second proportion link, a first feedback link and a second feedback link, the temperature of an inlet of a galvanic pile sequentially passes through the first proportion link and the integration link, is fed back through the first feedback link and then is superposed to the input end of the integration link, the temperature of the inlet of the galvanic pile sequentially passes through the first proportion link, the integration link and the second proportion link and is compared with the actual external channel temperature of the SOFC galvanic pile under the constant power state operation, the outlet temperature error quantity of the SOFC galvanic pile is output, the error quantity enters the input end of the integration link through the second feedback link, and the fault point of the SOFC galvanic pile is determined according to the outlet temperature error quantity of the SOFC galvanic pile. The method adopts a mode of combining the physical model and the fault detection system for fault detection, can conveniently judge the system fault through comparison, and quickly and effectively confirms the fault point of the system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fault detection of high-temperature fuel cell systems, and particularly relates to a fault detection system and method of a solid oxide fuel cell system.
Background
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are a highly efficient and low-noise power generation method because they can convert chemical energy into electrical energy with high conversion efficiency and do not have combustion processes or mechanical movements.
However, since the SOFC stack usually operates at 600-800 ℃ and the operating environment must be sealed, at the present stage, the SOFC stack, the heat exchanger and the tail gas combustor are often collectively placed in a hot box (stack), which brings difficulty to tracking of the internal state thereof. Meanwhile, due to the lack of acquisition of the internal conditions of the SOFC pile, when the SOFC pile breaks down, the internal conditions are often difficult to find in time. In addition, when the Balance of plant (BOP) fails, it is difficult to distinguish whether the failure source is the SOFC stack or other BOP components due to the coupling relationship with the stack.
The temperature inside the SOFC stack is often one of the key indicators for its performance characterization. Therefore, if the internal temperature condition can be obtained, the method has great significance for timely finding and processing faults. However, because the sealing performance inside the galvanic pile is extremely high, the injection of a thermocouple inside the galvanic pile for temperature detection has a large risk and high cost. In general, this method is not operable for a high-temperature fuel Cell System (SOFCs), except that a thermocouple may be driven into the interior of the test stand to measure the temperature for a short time.
Through the search of the existing documents, no data is found to provide an observer-based soft measurement fault detection scheme for SOFCs.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects or improvement needs in the prior art, the present invention provides a system and a method for detecting a failure of a solid oxide fuel cell system, which aims to solve the technical problem that the existing failure detection system cannot determine the failure point of the solid oxide fuel cell system. The safety of the system is improved, and the timeliness of fault finding is improved.
To achieve the above object, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a failure detection system of a solid oxide fuel cell system, comprising:
a first proportion link, an integral link, a second proportion link, a first feedback link and a second feedback link;
the inlet temperature of the SOFC pile sequentially passes through the first proportion link and the integration link and then is fed back through the first feedback link and then is superposed to the input end of the integration link, the inlet temperature of the SOFC pile sequentially passes through the first proportion link, the integration link and the second proportion link and then is compared with the external air duct temperature of the SOFC pile in the constant power state operation, the outlet temperature error of the SOFC pile is output, the error enters the input end of the integration link through the second feedback link, and the fault point of the SOFC pile is determined according to the outlet temperature error of the SOFC pile.
Preferably, the second feedback link coefficient of the second feedback link is according to a formula
Determining;
wherein A, B, C are linearized temperature dynamics models
The system comprises a medium system matrix, an input matrix and an output matrix, wherein the linearized temperature dynamics model is obtained by performing linearization processing on a galvanic pile temperature dynamics model, and the galvanic pile temperature dynamics model is obtained according to the electrical condition under the non-fault condition of SOFCsObtaining stack structure parameters, a galvanic pile temperature, galvanic pile output power, a galvanic pile inlet temperature, a galvanic pile outer air channel temperature, gas enthalpy and a galvanic pile input flow; x (T) ═ Tr]，y(t)＝[Tr,ex]，u(t)＝[mgas,Tgas,i]，mgasIn terms of the molar amount of gas introduced into the stack, Tgas,iThe temperature of gas introduced into the galvanic pile is adopted;
as a first feedback element coefficient, the feedback element coefficient,
and e (t) represents the difference value between the actual SOFC outer pile air duct temperature under the constant power state operation and the observed value of the outer pile air duct temperature output by the second proportion link.
Preferably, the temperature dynamic model of the electric pile is
Wherein, CsIs specific heat capacity of the electric pile, TrIs the temperature of the stack, Tfuel,iIs the fuel temperature at the inlet of the stack, Tr,exIs the temperature of the outer gas channel of the pile, hfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, m, contained in the fuel at the outlet of the stackfuelIn terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack, WoutIs the output power of the electric pile.
Preferably, the second proportional element coefficient of the second proportional element is a linearized temperature dynamics model
A medium output matrix C;
the linear temperature dynamic model is obtained by performing linear processing on the electric pile temperature dynamic model, and the electric pile temperature dynamic model is obtained according to electric pile structure parameters, electric pile temperature, electric pile output power, electric pile inlet temperature, electric pile outer air channel temperature, gas enthalpy and electric pile input flow under the non-fault condition of the SOFCs.
Preferably, the stack inlet temperature is a fuel inlet temperature or an air inlet temperature.
Preferably, the first feedback link coefficient of the first feedback link is according to a formula
Obtaining;
wherein, CsIs the specific heat capacity of the electric pile,
Qfuel＝mfuelcfuel(Tr,ex-Tfuel,i)，mfuelin terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, cfuelExpressed is the specific heat capacity, T, of the fuelfuel,iAnd Tr,exRespectively expressed are the stack inlet fuel temperature and the stack external air temperature, TrIs the temperature of the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack.
Preferably, the first proportional element coefficient of the first proportional element is according to a formula
Obtaining;
wherein h isfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, C, contained in the fuel at the outlet of the stacksIs the specific heat capacity of the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack.
As another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method of detecting a failure of a solid oxide fuel cell system, comprising the steps of:
s110, establishing a galvanic pile temperature dynamic model according to the galvanic pile structure parameters, the galvanic pile temperature, the galvanic pile output power, the galvanic pile inlet temperature, the galvanic pile outer air channel temperature, the gas enthalpy and the galvanic pile input flow;
s120, carrying out linearization treatment on the galvanic pile temperature dynamic model to obtain a linearized temperature dynamic model
S130, judging whether the second feedback link coefficient K meeting the formula can be found
If so, the SOFC electric stack does not have a fault, otherwise, the SOFC electric stack has a fault.
Preferably, in the fault detection method, the fault is detected according to a formula
Establishing a temperature dynamics model of the galvanic pile;
wherein, CsIs specific heat capacity of the electric pile, TrIs the temperature of the stack, Tfuel,iIs the fuel temperature at the inlet of the stack, Tr,exIs the temperature of the outer gas channel of the pile, hfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, m, contained in the fuel at the outlet of the stackfuelIn terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack, WoutIs the output power of the electric pile.
In general, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution contemplated by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, only the sensing devices of the real SOFCs are utilized, and no additional equipment or devices are needed, so that a set of corresponding fault detection system is developed, and the fault detection is realized by utilizing the fault detection system to carry out soft measurement, so that the cost is saved, and the fault can be quickly and efficiently detected.
2. The invention relates to a detection method capable of confirming or eliminating a specific fault point of a solid oxide fuel cell system, in particular to a method for detecting faults by only referring to the real input quantity and the output quantity of the system in a soft measurement mode, thereby improving the safety and the reliability of the operation of the system.
3. The signal extraction is from a temperature sensor and a fuel flowmeter which are arranged in an outer gas duct of a pile chamber, and a corresponding detection module acquires real-time parameters related to the pile, and the acquisition of the parameters is used for correcting the feedback gain of a fault detection system in the design stage of the fault detection system so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the temperature tracking of the fault detection system; and the fault detection stage is used for judging whether a fault occurs.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the structure of SOFCs to which the fault detection system for SOFCs provided by the present invention is directed;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an external air channel structure of a SOFC stack chamber in the system for detecting faults of SOFCs provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a fault detection system in the fault detection system of SOFCs provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
When the reading of the flow meter at the inlet of the system galvanic pile is abnormal and the output power of the galvanic pile has large deviation, the fault of the system galvanic pile often cannot be judged to be originated from the flow meter, or the fault is generated in the galvanic pile, or other parts of the system.
As shown in fig. 1, the solid oxide fuel cell system includes a valve 1, a blower 2, a flow meter 3, a heat exchanger 4, a fuel supply cylinder 5, a protective gas cylinder 6, an SOFC stack 7, and a tail gas combustor 8. Wherein, the fuel supply gas bottle 5 leads fuel into the heat exchanger 4, the blower 2 leads air into the heat exchanger 4, the fuel gas and the air heated by the heat exchanger 4 enter the SOFC galvanic pile 7, the tail gas is output after the reaction of the SOFC galvanic pile 7, the tail gas is burnt in the tail gas combustion chamber to form waste gas, and the fuel gas and the air are heated by the waste gas. The electric pile adopts an electric pile outer air channel structure, the structural form is shown in figure 2, and the temperature thermocouple is placed at the outlet of the electric pile chamber outer air channel to approximately obtain the internal temperature of the electric pile. And the SOFCs are kept in a constant power state to operate, so that the system is convenient to stabilize.
Example one
As shown in fig. 3, a fault detection system of a solid oxide fuel cell system, the fault detection system includes: the method comprises a first proportion link, an integration link, a second proportion link, a first feedback link and a second feedback link, wherein the temperature of the inlet of the SOFC pile sequentially passes through the first proportion link and the integration link, is fed back through the first feedback link and then is superposed to the input end of the integration link, the temperature of the inlet of the SOFC pile sequentially passes through the first proportion link, the integration link and the second proportion link and is compared with the actual external channel temperature of the SOFC pile under the operation in a constant power state, the error of the outlet temperature of the SOFC pile is output, the error enters the input end of the integration link through the second feedback link, and the fault point of the SOFC pile is determined according to the error of the outlet temperature of the SOFC.
Extracting the SOFC stack inlet temperature in the running SOFCs, inputting the extracted SOFC stack inlet temperature into the fault detection system, and detecting faults, wherein if the difference between the observed value of the SOFC stack outer gas channel temperature output in the second proportion link and the actual value of the SOFC stack outer gas channel temperature in the running SOFCs is smaller than the threshold of the temperature difference of the SOFC stack outer gas channel, namely the temperature difference of the SOFC stack outer gas channel tends to be stable, the SOFC stack is determined not to have faults, the faults appear in other parts, otherwise, the stack is determined to have internal faults, and the threshold of the temperature difference of the SOFC stack outer gas channel is determined by calibrating the SOFCs, namely the range of the temperature difference of the SOFC stack outer gas channel under the fault condition is measured for multiple times, and the threshold of the temperature difference of the SOFC stack outer gas channel is determined.
Example two
Based on the first embodiment, the second feedback link coefficient of the second feedback link is according to the formula
Determining;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
as a first feedback element coefficient, the feedback element coefficient,
and e (t) represents the difference value between the actual SOFC outer pile air duct temperature under the constant power state operation and the observed value of the outer pile air duct temperature output by the second proportion link. A. B, C are linearized temperature dynamics models respectively
The system comprises a middle system matrix, an input matrix and an output matrix, wherein a linearized temperature dynamics model is obtained by carrying out linearization processing on a galvanic pile temperature dynamics model, and the galvanic pile temperature dynamics model is obtained according to galvanic pile structure parameters, galvanic pile temperature, galvanic pile output power, galvanic pile inlet temperature, galvanic pile outer gas channel temperature, gas enthalpy and galvanic pile input flow under the non-fault condition of SOFCs; x (T) ═ Tr]，y(t)＝[Tr,ex]，u(t)＝[mgas,Tgas,i]，mgasIn terms of the molar amount of gas introduced into the stack, Tgas,iThe temperature of gas introduced into the galvanic pile is adopted; m isgasIn terms of the molar amount of gas introduced into the stack, Tgas,iThe temperature of the gas introduced into the stack.
When the inlet temperature of the electric pile and the input flow of the electric pile are respectively the inlet air temperature of the electric pile and the input air flow of the electric pile, mgasMolar amount of air introduced into the stack, Tgas,iThe temperature of air introduced into the galvanic pile is adopted; when the inlet temperature of the electric pile and the input flow of the electric pile are the inlet fuel temperature of the electric pile and the input fuel flow of the electric pile respectively, mgasIn terms of the molar quantity of fuel introduced into the stack, Tgas,iThe temperature of the fuel introduced into the stack.
e (t) is obtained according to the following equation:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
k is the feedback gain of the fault detection system,
is x (T) ═ Tr]The rate of change of the observed value, y (t), represents the actual SOFC stack external air duct temperature in the power state operation.
EXAMPLE III
Based on the second embodiment, the temperature dynamic model of the electric pile is
Wherein, CsIs specific heat capacity of the electric pile, TrIs the temperature of the stack, Tfuel,iIs the fuel temperature at the inlet of the stack, Tr,exIs the temperature of the outer gas channel of the pile, hfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, m, contained in the fuel at the outlet of the stackfuelIn terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack, WoutIs the output power of the electric pile.
Example four
In any of the first to third embodiments, the second proportional element coefficient of the second proportional element is a linearized temperature dynamics model
A medium output matrix C;
the linear temperature dynamic model is obtained by performing linear processing on the electric pile temperature dynamic model, and the electric pile temperature dynamic model is obtained according to electric pile structure parameters, electric pile temperature, electric pile output power, electric pile inlet temperature, electric pile outer air channel temperature, gas enthalpy and electric pile input flow under the non-fault condition of the SOFCs.
EXAMPLE five
In any one of the first to fourth embodiments, the stack inlet temperature is a fuel inlet temperature or an air inlet temperature.
EXAMPLE six
In one embodiment, the first feedback link coefficient of the first feedback link is obtained according to the following formula:
wherein, CsIs the specific heat capacity of the electric pile,
Qfuel＝mfuelcfuel(Tr,ex-Tfuel,i)，mfuelin terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, cfuelExpressed is the specific heat capacity, T, of the fuelfuel,iAnd Tr,exRespectively expressed are the fuel-flow temperature at the inlet of the electric pile and the temperature of the air channel outside the electric pile, TrIs the temperature of the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack.
EXAMPLE seven
On the basis of any one of the first to fourth embodiments, the first proportional element coefficient of the first proportional element is obtained according to the following formula:
wherein h isfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, C, contained in the fuel at the outlet of the stacksIs the specific heat capacity of the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack.
Example eight
On the basis of the first embodiment, the present invention provides a method 100 for detecting a fault based on the solid oxide fuel cell system, which includes the following steps:
s110, establishing a galvanic pile temperature dynamic model according to the galvanic pile structure parameters, the galvanic pile temperature, the galvanic pile output power, the galvanic pile inlet temperature, the galvanic pile outer air channel temperature, the gas enthalpy and the galvanic pile input flow;
s120 pair electric pile temperature dynamics modelCarrying out linearization treatment to obtain a linearization temperature dynamics model
S130, judging whether the second feedback link coefficient K meeting the formula can be found
If so, the SOFC electric stack does not have a fault, otherwise, the SOFC electric stack has a fault.
Example nine
And the integral coefficient of the integral link enables the difference value between the observed value of the temperature of the outer gas channel of the galvanic pile output by the second proportion link in the fault detection system and the actual value of the temperature of the outer gas channel of the SOFC galvanic pile in the running SOFCs to be smaller than the threshold value of the difference value of the temperature of the outer gas channel of the galvanic pile, and the integral coefficient is a proper value.
Example ten
Taking fuel supply failure detection as an example, a failure detection method based on the solid oxide fuel cell system comprises the following steps:
step 1: and (3) building a SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) galvanic pile temperature dynamics model to be detected aiming at real SOFCs (soluble organic semiconductors), and verifying the model through data of a real system.
The data of the real system comprises electric pile inlet data and electric pile outlet data; the electric pile inlet data comprises the temperature of electric pile inlet air and the flow rate of the electric pile inlet air; the electric pile outlet data comprises electric pile outer air channel temperature and electric pile output power; the fuel flow meter, the air flow meter and the fuel and air temperature sensor at the inlet of the electric pile sequentially detect the flow rate, the air flow, the fuel temperature and the air temperature of the fuel. The discharge power sensor is used for detecting the output power of the electric pile.
The SOFC electric pile temperature dynamics model is built according to a mass conservation and energy conservation mechanism, and the model is in a lumped model. The design of the fault detection system is realized according to the built SOFC electric pile temperature dynamics model.
Finally, establishing the following model according with the actual temperature dynamics of the galvanic pile:
wherein, CsIs specific heat capacity of the electric pile, TrIs the temperature of the stack, Tfuel,iIs the fuel temperature at the inlet of the stack, Tr,exIs the temperature of the fuel in the outer channel of the stack, hfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the outlet of the stackfuel,i-hr,exIs the enthalpy change rate, m, of the fuelfuelIn terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack and,
is the rate of change of temperature, W, of the fuel inside the stackoutIs the output power of the electric pile.
Step 2: the temperature model of the galvanic pile is nonlinear, so the temperature model is firstly linearized to obtain the linearization parameters of the model, then the linearization model of the galvanic pile temperature is obtained according to the obtained linearization parameters, and if the output difference of the two models is in a reasonable range under the condition of consistent external input, the obtained linearization galvanic pile temperature model is identified.
Obtaining the following SOFC stack temperature state space model:
y(t)＝Cx(t)
wherein, A is a system matrix, B is an input matrix, C is an output matrix, and the system matrix, the input matrix and the output matrix are obtained by identification after nonlinear model linearization and are constant vectors.
The state vector is the temperature x (T) of the stack [ T ]r]The output vector is the outer air channel temperature y (T) of the electric piler,ex]. u (t) is the amount of fuel passed to the stack and its temperature:
u(t)＝[mfuel,Tfuel,i]
and step 3: from the real SOFCs, estimates are neededCalculating specific heat capacity C of galvanic pile as parameter of SOFC galvanic pile temperature dynamics modelsThermal conductivity of the stack CVAnd the change rate h of the enthalpy value contained in the fuelfuel,i-hfuel,o。
Specific heat capacity C of the galvanic pilesThe accuracy of the value is not very important since it can be compensated for by a failure detection system of the temperature of the outer channel of the cell stack chamber. Obtaining the specific heat capacity of the galvanic pile according to the following formula:
wherein Q isfuelRepresenting the heat quantity, Q, of the fuel participating in the electrochemical reaction inside the stackfuel＝mfuelcfuel(Tr,ex-Tfuel,i)，cfuelExpressed is the specific heat capacity, T, of the fuelfuel,iAnd Tr,exThe stack inlet fuel flow temperature and stack external air temperature are indicated, respectively.
Thermal conductivity C of the stackV: this parameter is determined by the materials used in the SOFC stack.
hfuel,i-hfuel,oDetermination of enthalpy difference: the stack anode chamber temperature is typically obtained using a temperature sensor mounted on the chamber external duct connecting the stack. And the temperature of the inlet is measured by using a temperature sensor at the inlet of the electric pile, so that the effective approach of the measured temperature can be ensured, and the calculation is carried out.
Establishing a predicted output temperature of a fault detection system
Measured inputs u (t) and outputs
To reconstruct the unmeasured state variables x (t) and y (t).
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
e (t) is the temperature difference of the outer air channel of the SOFC galvanic pile chamber output by the actual system and the fault detection system, K is the feedback gain of the fault detection system,
x (T) is obtained by inputting a system matrix and an input matrix obtained by estimating unknown parametersr]Rate of change of the observed value.
And 4, step 4: by judiciously choosing the feedback matrix K to stabilize the fault detection system, the state error is gradually eliminated, i.e.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
and a represents the estimated system matrix and the linearized system matrix respectively,
and B represent the estimated system matrix and the linearized input matrix, respectively.
In theory, the state error will gradually be eliminated, but it is difficult to realize in practice, and therefore, it is only close to 0 and tends to be stable. When a fault occurs, the system matrix A and the input matrix B can be changed, so that state errors are dispersed, and the fault is judged to occur.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention, and that any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A fault detection system for a solid oxide fuel cell system, comprising: a first proportion link, an integral link, a second proportion link, a first feedback link and a second feedback link;
the inlet temperature of the SOFC pile sequentially passes through the first proportion link and the integration link and then is fed back through the first feedback link and then is superposed to the input end of the integration link, the inlet temperature of the SOFC pile sequentially passes through the first proportion link, the integration link and the second proportion link and then is compared with the external air duct temperature of the SOFC pile in the constant power state operation, the outlet temperature error of the SOFC pile is output, the error enters the input end of the integration link through the second feedback link, and the fault point of the SOFC pile is determined according to the outlet temperature error of the SOFC pile.
2. The fault detection system of claim 1, wherein the second feedback link coefficient of the second feedback link is based on a formula
Determining;
wherein A, B, C are linearized temperature dynamics models
The system comprises a middle system matrix, an input matrix and an output matrix, wherein a linearized temperature dynamics model is obtained by carrying out linearization processing on a galvanic pile temperature dynamics model, and the galvanic pile temperature dynamics model is obtained according to galvanic pile structure parameters, galvanic pile temperature, galvanic pile output power, galvanic pile inlet temperature, galvanic pile outer gas channel temperature, gas enthalpy and galvanic pile input flow under the non-fault condition of SOFCs; x (T) ═ Tr]，y(t)＝[Tr,ex]，u(t)＝[mgas,Tgas,i]，mgasIn terms of the molar amount of gas introduced into the stack, Tgas,iThe temperature of gas introduced into the galvanic pile is adopted;
is the first feedback link coefficient，
And e (t) represents the difference value between the actual SOFC outer pile air duct temperature under the constant power state operation and the observed value of the outer pile air duct temperature output by the second proportion link.
3. The fault detection system of claim 2, wherein the stack temperature dynamics model is
Wherein, CsIs specific heat capacity of the electric pile, TrIs the temperature of the stack, Tfuel,iIs the fuel temperature at the inlet of the stack, Tr,exIs the temperature of the outer gas channel of the pile, hfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, m, contained in the fuel at the outlet of the stackfuelIn terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack, WoutIs the output power of the electric pile.
4. The fault detection system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second proportional element coefficients of the second proportional element are linearized temperature dynamics models
A medium output matrix C;
the linear temperature dynamic model is obtained by performing linear processing on the electric pile temperature dynamic model, and the electric pile temperature dynamic model is obtained according to electric pile structure parameters, electric pile temperature, electric pile output power, electric pile inlet temperature, electric pile outer air channel temperature, gas enthalpy and electric pile input flow under the non-fault condition of the SOFCs.
5. The fault detection system of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the stack inlet temperature is a fuel inlet temperature or an air inlet temperature.
6. A fault detection system according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the first feedback link coefficient of the first feedback link is according to a formula
Obtaining;
wherein, CsIs the specific heat capacity of the electric pile,
Qfuel＝mfuelcfuel(Tr,ex-Tfuel,i)，mfuelin terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, cfuelExpressed is the specific heat capacity, T, of the fuelfuel,iAnd Tr,exRespectively expressed are the stack inlet fuel temperature and the stack external air temperature, TrIs the temperature of the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack.
7. A fault detection system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the first proportional element coefficients of the first proportional element are according to a formula
Obtaining;
wherein h isfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, C, contained in the fuel at the outlet of the stacksIs the specific heat capacity of the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack.
8. A method of fault detection for a solid oxide fuel cell system, comprising the steps of:
s110, establishing a galvanic pile temperature dynamic model according to the galvanic pile structure parameters, the galvanic pile temperature, the galvanic pile output power, the galvanic pile inlet temperature, the galvanic pile outer air channel temperature, the gas enthalpy and the galvanic pile input flow;
s120, carrying out linearization treatment on the galvanic pile temperature dynamic model to obtain a linearized temperature dynamic model
S130, judging whether the second feedback link coefficient K meeting the formula can be found
If so, the SOFC galvanic pile does not have a fault, otherwise, the SOFC galvanic pile has a fault;
wherein A, B, C are linearized temperature dynamics models
The system comprises a middle system matrix, an input matrix and an output matrix, wherein a linearized temperature dynamics model is obtained by carrying out linearization processing on a galvanic pile temperature dynamics model, and the galvanic pile temperature dynamics model is obtained according to galvanic pile structure parameters, galvanic pile temperature, galvanic pile output power, galvanic pile inlet temperature, galvanic pile outer gas channel temperature, gas enthalpy and galvanic pile input flow under the non-fault condition of SOFCs; x (T) ═ Tr]，y(t)＝[Tr,ex]，u(t)＝[mgas,Tgas,i]，mgasIn terms of the molar amount of gas introduced into the stack, Tgas,iThe temperature of gas introduced into the galvanic pile is adopted;
as a first feedback element coefficient, the feedback element coefficient,
and e (t) represents the difference value between the actual SOFC outer pile air duct temperature under the constant power state operation and the observed value of the outer pile air duct temperature output by the second proportion link.
9. The fault detection method of claim 8, wherein the fault detection is based on a formula
Establishing a temperature dynamics model of the galvanic pile;
wherein, CsIs specific heat capacity of the electric pile, TrIs the temperature of the stack, Tfuel,iIs the fuel temperature at the inlet of the stack, Tr,exIs the temperature of the outer gas channel of the pile, hfuel,iEnthalpy, h, contained by the fuel at the inlet of the stackr,exEnthalpy, m, contained in the fuel at the outlet of the stackfuelIn terms of the molar amount of fuel introduced into the stack, CVIs the thermal conductivity of the stack, WoutIs the output power of the electric pile.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810319708.1A CN108615917B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Fault detection system and method for solid oxide fuel cell system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810319708.1A CN108615917B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Fault detection system and method for solid oxide fuel cell system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108615917A CN108615917A (en) | 2018-10-02 |
| CN108615917B true CN108615917B (en) | 2020-08-18 |
Family
ID=63659677
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810319708.1A Active CN108615917B (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2018-04-11 | Fault detection system and method for solid oxide fuel cell system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108615917B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109888338B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-11-09 | 华中科技大学鄂州工业技术研究院 | SOFC (solid oxide fuel cell) gas supply fault detection method and equipment based on statistics |
| CN109950587A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-28 | 浙江大学 | A kind of proton exchange film fuel battery system temperature Active Fault-tolerant Control Method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102119460A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-07-06 | 索尼公司 | Fuel cell system and electronic device |
| CN103676651A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-26 | 国家电网公司 | Method for predicting and controlling steam temperatures of boilers on basis of state observation model |
| CN104009247A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-08-27 | 华中科技大学 | Method for estimating temperature distribution in stacks of solid oxide fuel cells |
| CN105304920A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 华中科技大学 | Planar solid oxide fuel cell stack temperature distribution estimation method |
| CN106814325A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Forecasting Methodology of SOFC pile interior temperature distribution |
| CN107180983A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-19 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of SOFC pile method for diagnosing faults and system |
-
2018
- 2018-04-11 CN CN201810319708.1A patent/CN108615917B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102119460A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2011-07-06 | 索尼公司 | Fuel cell system and electronic device |
| CN103676651A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-03-26 | 国家电网公司 | Method for predicting and controlling steam temperatures of boilers on basis of state observation model |
| CN104009247A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-08-27 | 华中科技大学 | Method for estimating temperature distribution in stacks of solid oxide fuel cells |
| CN105304920A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 华中科技大学 | Planar solid oxide fuel cell stack temperature distribution estimation method |
| CN106814325A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-06-09 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of Forecasting Methodology of SOFC pile interior temperature distribution |
| CN107180983A (en) * | 2017-05-16 | 2017-09-19 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of SOFC pile method for diagnosing faults and system |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| "平板式固体氧化物燃料电池系统的动态建模与控制";蒋建华;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库（电子期刊） 工程科技II辑》;20141015(第10期);第C042-100页 * |
| Robust Fault Detection and Reconfigurable Control of Distributed Energy Generation Systems;Sun, Yulei; El-Farra, Nael H.;《Proceedings of the 2011 American Control Conference》;20110701;第2671-2676页 * |
| Thermal management oriented steady state analysis and optimization of a kW scale solid oxide fuel cell stand-alone system for maximum system efficiency;Cao, Hongliang; Li, Xi; Deng, Zhonghua，et cal.;《INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY》;20130919;第38卷(第28期);第12404-12417页 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108615917A (en) | 2018-10-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Lebbal et al. | Identification and monitoring of a PEM electrolyser based on dynamical modelling | |
| del Real et al. | Development and experimental validation of a PEM fuel cell dynamic model | |
| Kheirandish et al. | Modeling of commercial proton exchange membrane fuel cell using support vector machine | |
| US11043682B2 (en) | Method to detect fuel cell gas leak | |
| CN108615917B (en) | Fault detection system and method for solid oxide fuel cell system | |
| Vijay et al. | Adaptive observer based approach for the fault diagnosis in solid oxide fuel cells | |
| Ingimundarson et al. | Model-based detection of hydrogen leaks in a fuel cell stack | |
| Xu et al. | Mechanism model-based and data-driven approach for the diagnosis of solid oxide fuel cell stack leakage | |
| Yang et al. | Solid oxide fuel cell systems fault diagnosis: Critical summarization, classification, and perspectives | |
| CN104009247A (en) | Method for estimating temperature distribution in stacks of solid oxide fuel cells | |
| Okedi et al. | Development of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell dead-ended anode purge strategy for use with a nitrogen-containing hydrogen gas supply | |
| WO2013083872A1 (en) | Method and arrangement for indicating solid oxide cell operating conditions | |
| CN110320334A (en) | Water quality monitoring system, the steam turbine system and water quality monitoring method for having the water quality monitoring system | |
| Szczśniak et al. | Dynamic model of a molten carbonate fuel cell 1 kW stack | |
| CN114050293B (en) | Working condition identification method of solid oxide fuel cell system | |
| JP6779900B2 (en) | High temperature fuel cell or electrolytic cell leak detection | |
| De Lira et al. | Robust LPV model-based sensor fault diagnosis and estimation for a PEM fuel cell system | |
| WO2013083873A1 (en) | Method and arrangement for diagnosis of solid oxide cells operating conditions | |
| KR20230126685A (en) | Fault detection of fuel cell thermal management system and fault diagnosis method of components | |
| Wu et al. | Control‐oriented fault detection of solid oxide fuel cell system unknown input on fuel supply | |
| JP4452801B2 (en) | Gas sampling method and apparatus | |
| CN103852222A (en) | Anode leak location detection | |
| Chatti et al. | Merging bond graph and signed directed graph to improve fdi procedure | |
| Wang et al. | A systematic review of system modeling and control strategy of proton exchange membrane fuel cell | |
| Qiu et al. | Dynamic parameter estimation of the alkaline electrolysis system combining Bayesian inference and adaptive polynomial surrogate models |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |