CN108615901B - Treatment method for improving activity of graphite felt electrode of vanadium battery - Google Patents
Treatment method for improving activity of graphite felt electrode of vanadium battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108615901B CN108615901B CN201810421038.4A CN201810421038A CN108615901B CN 108615901 B CN108615901 B CN 108615901B CN 201810421038 A CN201810421038 A CN 201810421038A CN 108615901 B CN108615901 B CN 108615901B
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- graphite felt
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method for improving the activity of a graphite felt electrode of a vanadium battery, which comprises the following steps: a. placing the graphite felt in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning; b. drying; c. soaking the cleaned and dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution, heating to 60-100 ℃ at a constant temperature, heating for 1-8h, and then drying; d. c, dipping the graphite felt dried in the step c into a hydrogen peroxide solution, and slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid according to the proportion that the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 10% -30% of the total volume, and treating for 1-8 h; e. cleaning and drying the graphite felt treated in the step d; in the step c and the step d, the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 3-30%. The method improves the oxygen-containing functional group of the graphite felt through the heating pretreatment of the hydrogen peroxide, and then soaks the graphite felt in the mixed solution of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the oxygen-containing functional group of the graphite felt is obviously improved, and the activity of the graphite felt electrode is obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of vanadium batteries, and particularly relates to a treatment method for improving the activity of a graphite felt electrode of a vanadium battery.
Background
An all-vanadium redox flow battery (vanadium battery) is a secondary energy system that utilizes redox reactions between vanadium ions of different valence states for energy storage and conversion. The method is characterized in that: no discharge pollution, adjustable capacity, long cycle life, deep heavy current density discharge, quick charge and high energy conversion rate. The vanadium battery is mainly applied to energy storage power supplies of power station peak shaving, large-scale photoelectric conversion and wind power generation as well as energy storage systems of remote areas, uninterrupted power supplies or emergency power supply systems.
At present, the electrode material used by the vanadium battery is mainly a carbon graphite felt carbon felt, and the material has the advantages of low resistivity, good stability and large specific surface area. However, the activity of the electrode reaction on the surface of the vanadium battery is relatively low, so that the vanadium battery needs to be subjected to activation treatment to improve the electrochemical activity and the battery performance.
Common graphite felt treatment methods include metal ion modification, acid treatment, heat treatment, ammoniation treatment, electrochemical treatment and comprehensive treatment. The principle of activating the graphite felt is as follows: after being treated by various methods, the specific surface area of the graphite felt is increased, and the reaction area is increased. Meanwhile, the number of active functional groups on the surface of the carbon fiber, such as C ═ O, C-O and other active functional groups, is increased after the treatment, impurities on the surface of the carbon fiber, such as metal ions introduced in the production process, are removed, the resistance of the graphite felt is reduced, and the electrochemical activity of the graphite felt is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an electrochemical treatment method for improving the activity of the electrode material of the vanadium battery, which overcomes the defects that the stability of the electrode material is reduced and the service life of the battery is reduced due to the peroxidation of the material easily caused by heat treatment and acid treatment. The method has the advantages of simple process, low cost, mild treatment conditions, easy control of oxidation degree, and improved activity of electrode material.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a treatment method for improving the activity of a graphite felt electrode of a vanadium battery comprises the following steps:
a. placing the graphite felt in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning;
b. drying;
c. heating the cleaned and dried graphite felt to 60-100 ℃ in a hydrogen peroxide solution at a constant temperature for 1-8h, and then drying;
d. c, dipping the graphite felt dried in the step c into a hydrogen peroxide solution, and slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid according to the proportion that the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 10% -30% of the total volume, and treating for 1-8 h;
e. d, cleaning and drying the graphite felt treated in the step d;
in the step c and the step d, the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 3-30 percent.
In order to further realize the invention, when the step c is carried out, the graphite felt is soaked in the hydrogen peroxide solution and heated, and simultaneously, the high pressure is also added, and the high pressure is 5 x 105Pa-20 x 105 Pa.
In order to further realize the invention, when the step e is carried out, the graphite felt is washed by oscillating in distilled water by adopting ultrasonic waves, the oscillating time of the ultrasonic waves is 10-50 minutes, and the graphite felt is soaked for 1-48 hours.
In order to further realize the invention, the drying in the step b, the step c and the step e adopts deionized water drying or heating drying.
In order to further realize the method, the soaked graphite felt is dried in an oven, wherein the drying temperature is 60-180 ℃, and the drying time is 1-48 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the method comprises the steps of soaking the cleaned and dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution, heating at a constant temperature for pretreatment, decomposing hydrogen peroxide and acting on the graphite felt in the heating process, and increasing the number of oxygen-containing functional groups of carbon fibers on the surface of the graphite felt.
2. According to the invention, the dried graphite felt is immersed in a hydrogen peroxide solution, concentrated sulfuric acid is slowly added according to the proportion that hydrogen peroxide accounts for 10% -30% of the total volume, so that the graphite felt is in a mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, and the hydroxyl radical of the decomposition product of hydrogen peroxide in an acidic solution has strong oxidation performance, so that the number of oxygen-containing functional groups of carbon fibers on the surface of the graphite felt can be obviously increased, and the surface activity of the graphite felt is improved;
3. the invention adopts ultrasonic waves to clean the graphite felt in distilled water, can remove impurities such as amorphous carbon, hydrogen peroxide, sulfuric acid and the like in the graphite felt, and utilizes the cavitation phenomenon of the ultrasonic waves to improve the hydrophilicity of the graphite felt, thereby improving the wettability of the graphite felt.
4. According to the invention, the graphite felt is soaked in the hydrogen peroxide solution and heated, and simultaneously, high pressure is applied, so that hydrogen peroxide can act on the graphite felt in a high-pressure environment in the process of decomposing oxygen, the oxygen absorption capacity of the graphite felt is improved, and the number of oxygen-containing functional groups of carbon fibers on the surface of the graphite felt is further increased.
Detailed Description
A treatment method for improving the activity of a graphite felt electrode of a vanadium battery comprises the following steps:
a. placing the graphite felt in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning (for removing impurities of the graphite felt);
b. washing and drying with deionized water (drying the graphite felt to prepare for the next step);
c. heating the cleaned and dried graphite felt to 60-100 ℃ in a hydrogen peroxide solution, heating for 1-5h, then washing and drying with deionized water (carrying out pretreatment, carrying out oxidation activation pretreatment on the graphite felt, and heating to more than 60 ℃ can enhance the oxidation activation of the graphite felt and preliminarily improve the hydrophilicity of the graphite felt);
d. c, dipping the graphite felt treated in the step c into a hydrogen peroxide solution, and slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid according to the proportion that the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 10% -30% of the total volume, and treating for 1-5 h;
e. d, cleaning and drying the graphite felt treated in the step d;
in the step c and the step d, the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 3-30 percent.
And c, soaking the graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution, heating and simultaneously applying high pressure, wherein the high pressure is 5X 105 Pa-20X 105 Pa.
And e, adopting ultrasonic waves to shake and clean the graphite felt in distilled water, wherein the shaking time of the ultrasonic waves is 10-50 minutes, and soaking for 1-48 hours.
And drying the soaked graphite felt in an oven at the temperature of 60-180 ℃ for 1-48 hours.
In order to make the understanding of the present invention clearer, the following are examples describing the present invention in detail:
example 1:
(1) and (3) placing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with the thickness of 5mm into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and washing and drying by using deionized water.
(2) The graphite felt is put into hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10% for modification treatment, meanwhile, the hydrogen peroxide solution is kept at a constant temperature and heated to 60 ℃ for 2 hours, then the graphite felt is taken out and washed and dried by deionized water, and certainly, the graphite felt can also be put into a drying oven for drying.
(3) And soaking the dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10%, slowly adding the hydrogen peroxide solution into concentrated sulfuric acid according to the volume ratio of 30%, and treating for 2 hours.
(4) The graphite felt is soaked in the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, the treated graphite felt contains impurities of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the impurities need to be taken out, the graphite felt is soaked in water to be taken out, ultrasonic treatment is adopted for 30min while the graphite felt is soaked in the water, and the soaking time is 5 h.
(5) And taking out the soaked graphite felt, and putting the graphite felt into a drying oven for drying for 5 hours.
(6) Obtaining the modified graphite felt.
Example 2:
(1) and (3) placing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with the thickness of 5mm into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and washing and drying by using deionized water.
(2) The graphite felt is put into a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20% for modification treatment, meanwhile, the hydrogen peroxide solution is kept at a constant temperature and heated to 60 ℃ for 2 hours, then the graphite felt is taken out and washed and dried by deionized water, and the graphite felt can also be put into a drying oven for drying.
(3) And soaking the dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20%, slowly adding the hydrogen peroxide solution into concentrated sulfuric acid according to the volume ratio of 30%, and treating for 2 hours.
(4) The graphite felt is soaked in the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, the treated graphite felt contains impurities of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the impurities need to be taken out, the graphite felt is soaked in water to be taken out, ultrasonic treatment is adopted for 30min while the graphite felt is soaked in the water, and the soaking time is 30 h.
(5) And taking out the soaked graphite felt, and putting the graphite felt into a drying oven for drying for 30 h.
(6) Obtaining the modified graphite felt.
Example 3:
(1) and (3) placing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with the thickness of 5mm into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and washing and drying by using deionized water.
(2) The graphite felt is put into a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% for modification treatment, meanwhile, the hydrogen peroxide solution is heated to 100 ℃ at a constant temperature for 2 hours, then the graphite felt is taken out and washed and dried by deionized water, and certainly, the graphite felt can also be put into a drying oven for drying.
(3) And soaking the dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, slowly adding the hydrogen peroxide solution into concentrated sulfuric acid according to the volume ratio of 30%, and treating for 2 hours.
(4) The graphite felt is soaked in the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, the treated graphite felt contains impurities of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the impurities need to be taken out, the graphite felt is soaked in water to be taken out, ultrasonic treatment is adopted for 30min while the graphite felt is soaked in the water, and the soaking time is 30 h.
(5) And taking out the soaked graphite felt, and putting the graphite felt into a drying oven for drying for 30 h.
(6) Obtaining the modified graphite felt.
Example 4:
(1) and (3) placing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with the thickness of 8mm into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and washing and drying by using deionized water.
(2) And (2) putting the graphite felt into a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% for modification treatment, simultaneously keeping the constant temperature of the hydrogen peroxide solution, heating to 100 ℃ for 5 hours, then taking out the graphite felt, washing with deionized water and drying, and certainly, putting the graphite felt into an oven for drying.
(3) And soaking the dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, slowly adding the hydrogen peroxide solution into concentrated sulfuric acid according to the volume ratio of 30%, and treating for 5 hours.
(4) The graphite felt is soaked in the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, the treated graphite felt contains impurities of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the impurities need to be taken out, the graphite felt is soaked in water to be taken out, ultrasonic treatment is adopted for 50min while the graphite felt is soaked in the water, and the soaking time is 48 h.
(5) And taking out the soaked graphite felt, and putting the graphite felt into an oven for drying for 48 hours.
(6) Obtaining the modified graphite felt.
Example 5:
(1) and (3) placing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with the thickness of 8mm into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and washing and drying by using deionized water.
(2) And (2) putting the graphite felt into a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20% for modification treatment, simultaneously keeping the constant temperature of the hydrogen peroxide solution, heating to 100 ℃ for 5 hours, then taking out the graphite felt, washing with deionized water and drying, and certainly, putting the graphite felt into an oven for drying.
(3) And soaking the dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20%, slowly adding the hydrogen peroxide solution into concentrated sulfuric acid according to the proportion that the volume of the hydrogen peroxide is 20%, and treating for 5 hours.
(4) The graphite felt is soaked in the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, the treated graphite felt contains impurities of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the impurities need to be taken out, the graphite felt is soaked in water to be taken out, ultrasonic treatment is adopted for 50min while the graphite felt is soaked in the water, and the soaking time is 30 h.
(5) And taking out the soaked graphite felt, and putting the graphite felt into a drying oven for drying for 30 h.
(6) Obtaining the modified graphite felt.
Example 6:
(1) and (3) placing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with the thickness of 8mm into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and washing and drying by using deionized water.
(2) The graphite felt is put into hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10% for modification treatment, meanwhile, the hydrogen peroxide solution is kept at a constant temperature and heated to 60 ℃ for 2 hours, then the graphite felt is taken out and washed and dried by deionized water, and certainly, the graphite felt can also be put into a drying oven for drying.
(3) And soaking the dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20%, slowly adding the hydrogen peroxide solution into concentrated sulfuric acid according to the proportion that the volume of the hydrogen peroxide is 20%, and treating for 2 hours.
(4) The graphite felt is soaked in the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, the treated graphite felt contains impurities of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the impurities need to be taken out, the graphite felt is soaked in water to be taken out, ultrasonic treatment is adopted for 30min while the graphite felt is soaked in the water, and the soaking time is 5 h.
(5) And taking out the soaked graphite felt, and putting the graphite felt into a drying oven for drying for 5 hours.
(6) Obtaining the modified graphite felt.
Example 7:
(1) and (3) placing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with the thickness of 5mm into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and washing and drying by using deionized water.
(2) Putting the graphite felt into a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30% for modification treatment, simultaneously keeping the constant temperature of the hydrogen peroxide solution, heating the hydrogen peroxide solution to 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and simultaneously keeping the treatment environment of the graphite felt and the hydrogen peroxide in a high-pressure environment with the pressure of 10 multiplied by 105Pa, taking out the graphite felt, washing and drying with deionized water, and naturally, putting the graphite felt into an oven for drying.
(3) And soaking the dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 30%, slowly adding the hydrogen peroxide solution into concentrated sulfuric acid according to the proportion that the volume of the hydrogen peroxide is 20%, and treating for 2 hours.
(4) The graphite felt is soaked in the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, the treated graphite felt contains impurities of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the impurities need to be taken out, the graphite felt is soaked in water to be taken out, ultrasonic treatment is adopted for 30min while the graphite felt is soaked in the water, and the soaking time is 30 h.
(5) And taking out the soaked graphite felt, and putting the graphite felt into a drying oven for drying for 30 h.
(6) Obtaining the modified graphite felt.
Example 8:
(1) and (3) placing the polyacrylonitrile-based graphite felt with the thickness of 8mm into absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning, and washing and drying by using deionized water.
(2) Putting the graphite felt into a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 10% for modification treatment, simultaneously keeping the constant temperature of the hydrogen peroxide solution, heating the hydrogen peroxide solution to 60 ℃ for 2 hours, and simultaneously keeping the treatment environment of the graphite felt and the hydrogen peroxide in a high-pressure environment with the pressure of 17 multiplied by 105Pa, taking out the graphite felt, washing and drying with deionized water, and naturally, putting the graphite felt into an oven for drying.
(3) And soaking the dried graphite felt in a hydrogen peroxide solution with the mass fraction of 20%, slowly adding the hydrogen peroxide solution into concentrated sulfuric acid according to the proportion that the volume of the hydrogen peroxide is 20%, and treating for 2 hours.
(4) The graphite felt is soaked in the mixed solution of hydrogen peroxide and concentrated sulfuric acid, the treated graphite felt contains impurities of the hydrogen peroxide and the concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the impurities need to be taken out, the graphite felt is soaked in water to be taken out, ultrasonic treatment is adopted for 30min while the graphite felt is soaked in the water, and the soaking time is 5 h.
(5) And taking out the soaked graphite felt, and putting the graphite felt into a drying oven for drying for 5 hours.
(6) Obtaining the modified graphite felt.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and there may be modifications of partial structures in the implementation process, and various modifications or variations of the present invention are intended to be included in the present invention if they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention and fall within the claims and equivalent technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A treatment method for improving the activity of a graphite felt electrode of a vanadium battery is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. placing the graphite felt in absolute ethyl alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning;
b. drying;
c. soaking the cleaned and dried graphite felt in hydrogen peroxide solution, heating to 60-100 deg.C at constant temperature for 1-8 hr, heating while soaking the graphite felt in hydrogen peroxide solution, and pressurizing at 5 × 105Pa-20×105Pa, and then drying;
d. c, dipping the graphite felt dried in the step c into a hydrogen peroxide solution, and slowly adding concentrated sulfuric acid according to the proportion that the hydrogen peroxide accounts for 10% -30% of the total volume, and treating for 1-8 h;
e. d, vibrating and cleaning the graphite felt treated in the step d in distilled water by adopting ultrasonic waves, wherein the vibration time of the ultrasonic waves is 10-50 minutes, soaking for 1-48 hours, and drying the soaked graphite felt in an oven at the drying temperature of 60-180 ℃ for 1-48 hours;
in the step c and the step d, the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide solution is 3-30 percent; and c, drying in the step b and the step c by heating.
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CN109378487A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-02-22 | 华东师范大学 | Treatment method of graphite felt electrode material in zinc iodide battery |
CN109457460A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-03-12 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of modified graphite felt and preparation method thereof |
CN111330614A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-26 | 韶关学院 | Oxygen-containing functional group modified nano flaky graphite phase carbon nitride and preparation method and application thereof |
CN111092231B (en) * | 2020-03-24 | 2020-08-04 | 杭州德海艾科能源科技有限公司 | Vanadium battery integrated electrode prepared from high-molecular resin emulsion |
CN111682225A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-09-18 | 朱义奎 | Titanium doping modification method for graphite felt electrode material of vanadium battery |
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