CN108613379B - Appointment control method for direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater and water heater - Google Patents
Appointment control method for direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater and water heater Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/02—Water heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a reservation control method for a direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater and the water heater, wherein the control method comprises the following steps: a user sets a preset temperature Ts, and sets the time needing hot water as preset time t1 and the current water tank temperature Tr; calculating the heating quantity Q required when the water temperature rises to the preset temperature; calculating the heating power P of the heat pump; a heating time Δ t; comparing t1-t2 with delta t, if t1-t2 is not more than delta t, starting the heat pump at the current time t2, and if t1-t2 is more than delta t, determining t3 to start the heat pump; the method can automatically judge the starting time of the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater according to the solar irradiation intensity and the environment temperature as well as the water use temperature and the water use time set by a user according to the difference of the climates of various regions, and the water heater finishes water heating in advance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of water heaters, and particularly relates to a direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater reservation control method and a water heater.
Background
The solar heat pump water heater adopts the direct expansion type evaporator which can absorb the solar radiation heat and the heat in the air, aiming at the method for organically combining the solar energy and air energy technologies to produce hot water, the heating is difficult to be completed in advance when the reservation starting time is simply completed through the heating rate because the external environment is complicated and changeable, and the purpose of saving energy is difficult to be realized under the influence of solar irradiation and the influence of the environment temperature.
The first method is to calculate the required heating time according to the user reservation time, the corresponding water tank temperature, the current time and the corresponding water tank temperature through the system heating power and the heat quantity to be heated, start the heat pump heating in advance to finish the reservation heating, and the other method is to calculate the time to be heated of the heat pump and determine the optimal starting time of the system according to the temperature curve of the day. In addition, the heating power of the heat pump system is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature, the heating power of the system is different under different ambient temperatures, and the calculation of the appointed heating time is calculated by the constant heating power, so that the problems of inaccurate heating of the system and the like can be caused.
The direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater distinguishes day and night through the solar radiation intensity sensor, the radiation and temperature curve of the previous n days is calculated, the time period with better environment temperature and radiation intensity is selected in the reserved time period, the heat pump is started to heat, the day heating is selected as far as possible according to the reserved time and the reserved temperature, the heating is started in the time period with high efficiency, if the temperature is selected as high as possible when the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater is started at night, the water storage tank with good heat preservation is selected, the condition that water temperature is unchanged or changed slightly under the condition that water is not used after heating is finished can be guaranteed, the energy-saving effect of the reserved time of the system is fully exerted, and the system.
CN 104729125a discloses a control method of a multi-energy water heater and a water heater, the multi-energy water heater includes a water tank, a solar heating system, an auxiliary heating system and a control system, the water heater is provided with an appointment function, the control method includes the following steps: judging whether the reservation can be made: the control system judges whether the auxiliary heating system is used alone to heat the water in the water tank to the reserved temperature at the reserved time, if not, the user is not allowed to reserve, and if so, the user is allowed to reserve; judging whether the auxiliary heating system is started or not: after the appointment, the auxiliary heating system is started to heat the water in the water tank when the auxiliary heating system is used alone to just heat the water in the water tank to the appointed temperature in the reserved residual time. Whether the user can make an appointment or not can be judged according to the appointment time and the appointment temperature, the user can be reminded when the user cannot make an appointment, the use among multiple energy sources is reasonably controlled according to the appointment time and the appointment temperature, the energy sources can be reasonably utilized, and the requirements of the user can be met.
The existing reservation control method only considers the heating power and the ambient temperature of the system and can meet the reservation heating application of a common air source heat pump water heater, but the heating efficiency of a direct expansion type solar heat pump water heater or a similar system is greatly influenced by the solar radiation intensity, the heating power is related to the ambient temperature and the solar radiation intensity, if the day and the night cannot be distinguished, the system performance is optimal when the system is reserved for heating, in addition, the heating power of the heat pump system is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature, the heating power of the system is different under different ambient temperatures, and the calculation of the reserved heating time is calculated by constant heating power, so that the solar heat pump water heater is inaccurate in reservation starting and cannot save energy.
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a reservation control method for a direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a reservation control method for a direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater comprises the following steps:
step 1: a user sets a preset temperature Ts, sets the time needing hot water as preset time t1, and a temperature detection module monitors the current water tank temperature Tr;
step 2: calculating the heating quantity Q required by the current water tank temperature Tr rising to the preset temperature Ts, wherein Q is CM (Ts-Tr); c is the specific heat capacity of water, and M is the mass of water actually required to be heated in the water heater tank;
and step 3: acquiring data of the ambient temperature and the irradiation intensity of the water heater in the area n days before the water heater is located through a temperature sensor and an illumination sensor, solving the average ambient temperature Te and the irradiation intensity Pe in the time period from the preset time t1 to the current time t2, and calculating the heating power P of the heat pump;
and 4, step 4: calculating the required heating time delta t according to the P delta t-Q;
and 5: comparing t1-t2 with delta t, if t1-t2 is not more than delta t, starting the heat pump at the current time t2, and if t1-t2 is more than delta t, determining that the heat pump is started at t3, and the t3 is positioned at a certain time between t1 and t 2;
step 6: when the preset time t1 is reached, the heat pump is turned off and stops heating after heating is continued for a period of time, or when Tr is Ts, the heat pump is turned off and stops heating.
Further, the heating power P ═ P0+ΔP，P0The power of the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater measured in the standard environment is Δ P, which is corrected according to the average ambient temperature Te and the irradiation intensity Pe.
Furthermore, fitting time, ambient temperature and irradiation intensity curves according to the collected data of the ambient temperature and the irradiation intensity of the area where the water heater is located for n days.
Further, t3 is a time selected from the time-to-ambient temperature and irradiation intensity curves fitted from the previous n days during the period of time t1 to t 2.
Further, the heating power is highest at time t 3.
Further, n days is 5 to 9 days, preferably n is 7 days.
Furthermore, if the difference of the environmental temperature or irradiation intensity data acquired one or more days in the previous n days is larger than that of the irradiation intensity data acquired in other days, the data of the day is deleted, the data fitting curve is carried out on the previous n days without the abnormal day, and the calculation error caused by accidental weather factors is reduced.
Further, if t1-t2 is not more than delta t, the heat pump is started at t2, and when the time t1 is reached, the heating is continued for 30min, the heat pump is closed, and the heating is stopped; if t1-t2 is larger than delta t, when Tr is Ts, the heat pump is turned off, and heating is stopped.
Further, t2 is the current time of the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater after being powered on for the first time or being powered off and restarted, and when the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater normally operates, t2 is t1-12 h.
Since the user may set a preset time, and then the circulation heating is performed according to the preset time every day, if the circulation heating is performed all the time, the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater is normally operated, and the current time t2 is t1-12 h.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a water heater having the above control method.
The water heater comprises a water tank, a compressor, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator and a sensor.
The evaporator is a direct expansion evaporator capable of absorbing solar radiation heat, and the sensor is a photosensitive sensor capable of detecting solar radiation intensity.
The direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater has the advantages that the illumination intensity is introduced through the photosensitive sensor, the solar irradiation heat can be better utilized, the parameters of the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater can be conveniently adjusted, the inaccuracy of the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater which is adjusted only by depending on environmental parameters is solved, the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater can combine the solar irradiation heat with the air heat, the overall performance of the solar heat pump water heater is improved, the heating time is selected to be started according to the preset requirements of users, and the performance of the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater is improved to the maximum extent while the requirements of the users are met.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the control method, the heating power which is relatively accordant with the actual environment temperature is calculated according to the environment temperature and the illumination intensity, the proper heating time is selected, the absorption efficiency of the direct expansion type solar evaporator is fully utilized, the performance of the direct expansion type solar heat pump water heater is improved, and the appointed heating is efficiently and accurately completed;
2. according to the ambient temperature and the illumination intensity detected by the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater in the previous n days, the optimal time for starting the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater in the n +1 th day in a reserved mode can be calculated, so that energy is saved, and the heating efficiency of the solar heat pump is improved;
3. the direct expansion type solar heat pump water heater of the invention introduces the illumination intensity through the photosensitive sensor, can better utilize the solar energy irradiation heat, is convenient for adjusting the parameters of the direct expansion type solar heat pump water heater, solves the inaccuracy that the direct expansion type solar heat pump water heater only depends on the environmental parameter adjustment, is more favorable for the direct expansion type solar heat pump water heater to combine the solar energy irradiation heat energy and the air energy heat energy, improves the integral performance of the solar heat pump water heater, selects the starting heating time according to the preset setting requirement of a user, and improves the performance of the direct expansion type solar heat pump water heater to the maximum extent while meeting the requirement of the user.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the invention relates to a flow chart of a reservation control method for a direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a reservation control method for a direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater includes the following steps:
step 1: a user sets a preset temperature Ts, sets the time needing hot water as preset time t1, and a temperature detection module monitors the current water tank temperature Tr;
step 2: calculating the heating quantity Q required by the current water tank temperature Tr rising to the preset temperature Ts, wherein Q is CM (Ts-Tr); c is the specific heat capacity of water, and M is the mass of water actually required to be heated in the water heater tank;
and step 3: acquiring data of the ambient temperature and the irradiation intensity of the water heater in the area n days before the water heater is located through a temperature sensor and an illumination sensor, solving the average ambient temperature Te and the irradiation intensity Pe in the time period from the preset time t1 to the current time t2, and calculating the heating power P of the heat pump;
and 4, step 4: calculating the required heating time delta t according to the P delta t-Q;
and 5: comparing t1-t2 with delta t, if t1-t2 is not more than delta t, starting the heat pump at the current time t2, and if t1-t2 is more than delta t, determining that the heat pump is started at t3, and the t3 is positioned at a certain time between t1 and t 2;
step 6: when the preset time t1 is reached, after 30min, the heat pump is turned off and heating is stopped, or when Tr is Ts, the heat pump is turned off and heating is stopped.
The reservation control method for the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater provided by the invention is characterized in that on the basis of the original reservation control method for the water heater, the solar radiation intensity is taken as a reference variable, the ambient temperature and the temperature of the direct-expansion evaporator are taken as references, the solar radiation heat is fully utilized, the starting time of the heat pump water heater is automatically selected in advance, and the reservation control method is more energy-saving, more accurate and more suitable for the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater.
Wherein, the heating power P is P0+ΔP，P0The Δ P is the power corrected according to the average ambient temperature Te and the irradiation intensity Pe for the measured unit power of the direct expansion type solar heat pump hot water in the standard environment.
Because the heating power P is greatly influenced by the ambient temperature and the heating power of the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater at different ambient temperatures is different, the actual heating power P needs to be obtained by correcting according to the ambient temperature Te and the irradiation intensity Pe, and the requirement of a user for reserving hot water for the water heater at the correct time can be met.
And fitting a curve of time, the ambient temperature and the irradiation intensity by a user according to the ambient temperature and the irradiation intensity counted in the previous n days in the time period from t1 to t2, and calculating the heating power in the time period from t1 to t2 according to the fitted curve.
t3 is a time selected from fitting curves of ambient temperature and irradiation intensity counted according to previous n days in a time period from t1 to t2, the heating power is highest at the time t3, and the time period from t3 to t2 has higher ambient temperature and stronger irradiation intensity.
In the present example, the statistical number of n days is selected from 5 to 9 days, and in the further embodiment, the statistical number of n days is 7 days.
According to the measured data of the environmental temperature and the irradiation intensity of the previous 7 days, the curve of the fitting time, the environmental temperature and the irradiation intensity is fitted, and the optimal time for starting the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater in a reserved mode on the 8 th day can be calculated from the fitted curve, so that the energy is saved, the heating power of the solar heat pump is improved, the user requirements are met, and the performance of the whole system of the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater is improved to the maximum extent.
In this embodiment, if the calculated ambient temperature or irradiation intensity data collected on a certain day or several days in the previous 7 days is different from those on other days, for example, the temperature is too high or too low, and the irradiation intensity is too high or too low, the data on the certain day or several days are deleted, and corresponding days are advanced in sequence to adopt the ambient temperature or irradiation intensity data for 7 days in total to perform a fitting curve, so that the calculation error caused by accidental weather factors is reduced.
For example, the water consumption date is 7 months and 16 days, if the difference between the environmental temperature or the irradiation intensity data of 7 months and 10 days and the data of other days is large in 7 days from 7 months and 9 days to 7 months and 15 days, the data of the day is removed, the data of 7 months and 8 days are taken into the collection statistics, the data of 7 days including 7 months and 8 days, 9 days and 11 days and 15 days are fitted with the curve of the environmental temperature and the irradiation intensity, and the optimal time for starting the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater in the appointment-making mode at 7 months and 16 days can be calculated from the fitted curve.
The invention selects the days, and can be as close to the ambient temperature and the solar radiation intensity in the time period set by the user as possible, so that the ambient temperature and the solar radiation intensity in the set time period can be more accurately counted, and the heating power of the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater can be more accurately measured according to the fitting curve.
If t1-t2 is not more than delta t, starting the heat pump at t2, continuing heating for 30min after reaching t1, closing the heat pump, and stopping heating; if t1-t2 is larger than delta t, when Tr is Ts, the heat pump is turned off, and heating is stopped.
When the time t1-t2 set by a user is not more than delta t, the set time for needing hot water is the preset time t1, the temperature cannot reach the preset temperature Ts when the preset time t1 is reached under the condition of certain heating power, if the condition is judged, the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater can automatically prolong the heating time by 30min, after the heat pump continues to heat for half an hour, the heat pump stops heating no matter whether the temperature reaches the preset temperature Ts, when the time t1-t2 is more than delta t, the preset time t1 is longer, the water in the water heater can be heated to the preset temperature Ts during the time period, and when Tr is equal to Ts, the heat pump is turned off and stops heating.
t2 is the current time of the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater after the initial power-on or power-off restart, and when the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater normally operates, t2 is t1-12 h.
The user of the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater can set the preset time once, heating is carried out according to the preset time every day, if the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater operates normally all the time in a circulating mode, the current time t2 is t1-12h, when the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater operates normally, the time from t1 to t2 is long enough, t1-t2 is more than delta t, the time t3 is determined to start the heat pump, and the time t3 is located at a certain time between the time t1 and the time t2, so that the condition that the time t1-t2 is less than or equal to delta t does not need to be considered.
Example 2
The direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater comprises a water tank, a compressor, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator and a sensor, wherein the evaporator is a direct-expansion evaporator capable of absorbing solar radiation heat, and the sensor is a photosensitive sensor capable of detecting solar radiation intensity. The direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater is characterized in that the direct-expansion type evaporator and the irradiation intensity sensor are placed in an outdoor environment to facilitate absorption and detection of solar irradiation intensity, heating power at the moment is calculated according to the ambient temperature and the irradiation intensity measured by the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater, proper heating time is selected, absorption efficiency of the direct-expansion type solar evaporator is fully utilized, performance of the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater is improved, and reserved heating is efficiently and accurately completed.
The embodiments in the above embodiments can be further combined or replaced, and the embodiments are only used for describing the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the present invention, and various changes and modifications made to the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the design idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A reservation control method for a direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: a user sets a preset temperature Ts, sets the time needing hot water as preset time t1, and a temperature detection module monitors the current water tank temperature Tr;
step 2: calculating the heating quantity Q required by the current water tank temperature Tr rising to the preset temperature Ts, wherein Q is CM (Ts-Tr); c is the specific heat capacity of water, and M is the mass of water actually required to be heated in the water heater tank;
and step 3: acquiring data of the ambient temperature and the irradiation intensity of the area where the water heater is located n days before by using a temperature sensor and an illumination sensor, fitting time, ambient temperature and irradiation intensity curves, solving average ambient temperature Te and irradiation intensity Pe in a time period from preset time t1 to current time t2, and calculating heating power P of the heat pump;
step 4, calculating the required heating time △ t according to the P △ t-Q;
step 5, comparing the sizes of t1-t2 and △ t, if t1-t2 is less than or equal to △ t, starting the heat pump at the current time t2, if t1-t2 is more than △ t, determining that the heat pump is started at t3 time, and positioning t3 at a certain time between t1 and t 2;
step 6: when the preset time t1 is reached, after heating is continued for a period of time, the heat pump is turned off and heating is stopped, or when Tr is equal to Ts, the heat pump is turned off and heating is stopped;
wherein, the heating power P is P0+△P，P0For the measured power of the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater under the standard environment, △ P is the power corrected according to the average ambient temperature Te and the irradiation intensity Pe.
2. The appointment control method for the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein if the difference between the environmental temperature or the irradiation intensity data acquired one or more days in the previous n days is larger than that acquired in other days, the data of the day is deleted, and the data fitting curve is performed on the previous n days without the abnormal day, so that the calculation error caused by accidental weather factors is reduced.
3. The appointment control method for a direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that t3 is a selected time in the time period from t1 to t2 according to the time and ambient temperature and irradiation intensity curve fitted from the previous n days.
4. The reservation control method for the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater according to claim 3, wherein the heating power is the highest at time t 3.
5. The appointment control method for the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater according to claim 4, wherein n days are 5-9 days.
6. The appointment control method for the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater according to claim 5, wherein n days is 7 days.
7. The reservation control method for the direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat pump is started at the time of t2 when t1-t2 is less than or equal to △ t, the heating is continued for 30min after the time of t1, the heat pump is turned off and stops heating, and the heat pump is turned off when the time of t1-t2 is more than △ t and when Tr is Ts, the heating is stopped.
8. The reservation control method for the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater according to claim 1, wherein t2 is the current time of the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater after the initial power-on or power-off restart, and when the direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater is in normal operation, t2 is t1-12 h.
9. A direct-expansion type solar heat pump water heater having the control method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN201611089683.8A CN108613379B (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | Appointment control method for direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater and water heater |
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| CN201611089683.8A CN108613379B (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | Appointment control method for direct-expansion solar heat pump water heater and water heater |
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Effective date of registration: 20201109 Address after: 266101 Haier Industrial Park, Haier Road, Laoshan District, Shandong, Qingdao, China Patentee after: Qingdao Economic And Technology Development District Haier Water Heater Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: Haier Smart Home Co., Ltd. Address before: 266101 Haier Industrial Park, Haier Road, Laoshan District, Shandong, Qingdao, China Patentee before: Qingdao Economic And Technology Development District Haier Water Heater Co.,Ltd. |