CN108610050A - A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108610050A CN108610050A CN201810338309.XA CN201810338309A CN108610050A CN 108610050 A CN108610050 A CN 108610050A CN 201810338309 A CN201810338309 A CN 201810338309A CN 108610050 A CN108610050 A CN 108610050A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic materials, in particular to a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic and preparation method thereof.A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：70 ~ 80 parts of silicon carbide ceramics aggregate, 20 ~ 25 parts of binder, 5 ~ 10 parts of pore creating material, 5 ~ 10 parts of sintering aid, 5 ~ 10 parts of dispersant.The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of porous silicon carbide ceramic, include the following steps：First by binder and water with 1:1 ratio mixing, is sufficiently mixed after remaining raw material is then added, using obtaining mixture after 3 ~ 4h of ageing mixture, then mixture is pressed, obtains green compact, then dry the green compact, be then sintered, obtain Tercod finished product.There is the present invention good mechanical structure to help to prepare complicated shape, high performance porous silicon carbide ceramic.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ceramic materials, in particular to a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Porous silicon carbide ceramic is due to low-density, high temperature resistant, corrosion-resistant, high permeability and anti-oxidant, anti-thermal shock
The advantages that performance is good makes it in terms of high-temperature gas filter material, catalyst carrier, gas combustion chamber medium and refractory material
It is with a wide range of applications.Currently, the porous ceramics of more application is mostly oxide ceramics, but its there are high-temperature behaviors
Bad, the shortcomings of corrosion resistance is insufficient, and porous silicon carbide ceramic can just make up these deficiencies；In addition, many special
The advantages of more stringent requirements are proposed for performance of the field to porous ceramic film material, carbofrax material itself become prepare it is porous
One of the ideal material of ceramics, as being used in high temperature gas cooled reactor filter radioactive liquid waste and graphitiferous particle in nuclear energy field
High temperature helium.Preparation accordingly, with respect to porous silicon carbide ceramic becomes one of the hot spot studied at present.
Currently, the method for preparing porous silicon carbide ceramic mainly has：Direct particle is accumulated to form hole, and addition organic matter is made
Hole agent, foaming agent, or porous body, organic foam plastic are formed through Pintsch process using the resin of timber, high carbon sequestration content
As template, or select Polycarbosilane as precursor etc..It is existing to prepare porous silicon carbide ceramic MATERIALS METHODS, some works
Skill is relatively simple, but pore-size and porosity cannot be controlled effectively, it is more difficult to prepare porosity and be higher than 80% and hole
The porous ceramics aligned；Some technique need to exclude organic matter to form pore structure, although porosity in preparation process
And aperture is controllable in a certain range, but be equally difficult to prepare the porous silicon carbide ceramic of high porosity, in addition, the row of organic matter
Except unfriendly to environment；Porous silicon carbide ceramic can be prepared at a lower temperature using Polycarbosilane as precursor, but is made
Standby cost is very high.On the other hand, above-mentioned preparation method is difficult to realize the preparation of the porous silicon carbide ceramic of complicated shape, to system
Standby complex-shaped part needs to carry out larger subsequent mechanical processing, considerably increases production cost.Further, since carbonization
The sintering character of silicon is poor, and the mechanical property of porous silicon carbide ceramic prepared by existing method is relatively low, the gas in manufactured finished product
When porosity reaches 50%, intensity is often below 40MPa, seriously limits the application of porous silicon carbide ceramic.In consideration of it, improving system
The method of standby porous silicon carbide ceramic, enables effectively to control pore-size and porosity, and can prepare complex shape
Shape, high performance porous silicon carbide ceramic, it appears particularly necessary.
Therefore a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic and preparation method thereof with good mechanical strength is needed at present.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：
70 ~ 80 parts of silicon carbide ceramics aggregate, 20 ~ 25 parts of binder, 5 ~ 10 parts of pore creating material, 5 ~ 10 parts of sintering aid, dispersant 5 ~
10 parts.
Present invention employs pore creating materials to prepare porous silicon carbide ceramic, and porous silicon carbide ceramic is realized by pore creating material
Pore-forming contributes to the quantity of pore-forming in the size for adjusting aperture and ceramics, so as to improve the inoxidizability and machinery of ceramics
Intensity, and help to prevent the size gap due to aperture excessive, the case where causing the structural strength of ceramic entirety to decline, are sent out
It is raw.
Preferably, the silicon carbide ceramics aggregate uses silicon-carbide particle of the grain size between 15 ~ 20 microns.
The present invention uses silicon-carbide particle of the grain size between 15 ~ 20 microns, the silicon-carbide particle between the granularity to have
Help form uniform and fine and closely woven aperture in sintering, helps to improve the mechanical strength of ceramics, and ceramic junction can be increased
The compactness of structure, to improve the oxidation resistance of product.
Preferably, the binder includes the component of following parts by weight：3 ~ 5 parts of alumina powder, hydroxymethyl cellulose
8 ~ 10 parts of sodium, 9 ~ 10 parts of silica.
The present invention is using sodium cellulose glycolate as binder, it is ensured that the structure of the molding enhancing ceramics of green body is steady
It is qualitative, meanwhile, present invention employs aluminium oxide and silica as binder, aluminium oxide and silica in sintering process
It can be connected among the particle of silicon carbide, packaged silicon carbide particles help to improve ceramics to play reinforced cementitious effect
Abrasive resistance and bending resistance.
Preferably, the dispersant includes the component of following parts by weight：2 ~ 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 ~ 3 part of oleic acid gather
1 ~ 2 part of ethylene glycol.
Present invention employs polyvinyl alcohol, the mixture of oleic acid and polyethylene glycol can effectively improve each as dispersant
Degree of scatter of the component in carborundum aggregate, to improve the compactness and stability of ceramic structure, to improve product
Mechanical strength.
Preferably, the pore creating material uses starch, the sintering aid to use yttrium oxide.
Present invention employs starch first as pore creating material, and using starch as pore creating material, starch granules heats in water
At 50 DEG C or more, since intermolecular force weakens, it may occur that irreversible expansion can be played in sintering process
The effect of adhesive, simultaneously because starch can form pore by oxidation in high temperature sintering, to play the purpose of pore-creating, and
And can be adjusted come the size in the hole to ceramics by adjusting the size of starch granules, the usage amount of starch is adjusted to control
Ceramics porosity, enable effectively control pore-size and porosity, in addition present invention employs yttrium oxide conduct sintering
Agent coordinates aluminium oxide and silica collective effect, the Zirconia/silicon carbide in sintering process ternary component to be formed, to generate
Silicon carbide is bonded by the mullite phase of liquid by mullite solidifying after sintering, to reach the machinery for improving ceramics
The purpose of intensity, and during sintering, it is the table that silica is attached to silicon-carbide particle that silicon carbide, which has partial oxidation,
Face prevents the further oxidation of silicon carbide, improves the oxidation resistance of ceramics.
Preferably, the silicon carbide is handled using following methods：After coke is mixed with quartz sand, microwave burning is carried out
Knot, obtains silicon carbide powder.
Preferably, the microwave sintering heating rate is 60 ~ 70 DEG C/min, sintering temperature is 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C.
The present invention produces silicon carbide by microwave sintering, first microwave sintering be the special wave band that has using microwave with
The basic fine structure of material couples and generates heat, and the dielectric loss of material makes its material integrally be heated to sintering temperature and reality
The method being now densified is reacted in the microwave heating process that the present invention uses since inside, and CO accumulation is conducive to, and
Heating rate is fast, can generate a large amount of SiO and CO within a short period of time, and SiC whiskers can be promoted to generate, can be played by whisker
The effect for connecting mullite particle, to help to improve the mechanical performance of product.
Preferably, the coke is handled using following methods：Coke is subjected to ball milling, is sieved after dry to obtain coke
Powder takes coke powder of the grain size between 15 ~ 20 microns.
Reaction of the invention first is happened on the interface of quartz sand and coke, and is to wrap coke hair by quartz sand
Raw reaction, therefore the granule size of coke directly determines the granule size of silicon carbide, the granularity of coke is smaller in general, production
Carborundum granularity it is smaller, the granularity of silicon carbide is small therefore STRENGTH ON COKE carries out processing to improve.
A kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic, includes the following steps：
（1）Dispensing prepares：By binder and water with 1:1 ratio mixing, is sufficiently mixed after remaining raw material is then added, using
Mixture is obtained after 3 ~ 4h of ageing mixture；
（2）Green compact processing：It will be in above-mentioned steps（2）In mixture be pressed, green compact are obtained, then by the life
Base is dried；
（3）Sintering processes：It will be in step（3）Described in the green compact of drying be put into sintering furnace and be sintered, obtain silicon carbide
Refractory material finished product.
Preferably, in step（3）In the process, 280 ~ 320 DEG C are first warming up to, 1 ~ 2h in this section is maintained the temperature at, then
It is continuously heating to sintering temperature, sintering temperature is 2000 ~ 2400 DEG C, and sintering time is 6 ~ 7h.
Using can ensure the formation of aperture on ceramics in 280 ~ 320 DEG C of insulating process in the present invention, and use 2000 ~
2400 DEG C of sintering temperature can form through-hole structure on ceramics, to improve the mechanical performance of ceramics.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are with good inoxidizability and mechanical strength.
Case is embodied
The present invention is further expalined with reference to specific implementation case：
Embodiment 1
A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：
70 parts of silicon carbide ceramics aggregate, 20 parts of binder, 5 parts of pore creating material, 5 parts of sintering aid, 5 parts of dispersant.
Wherein, the silicon carbide ceramics aggregate uses silicon-carbide particle of the grain size at 15 microns.
Wherein, the binder includes the component of following parts by weight：3 parts of alumina powder, 8 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate,
9 parts of silica.
Wherein, the dispersant includes the component of following parts by weight：2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part of oleic acid, polyethylene glycol 1
Part.
Wherein, the pore creating material uses starch, the sintering aid to use yttrium oxide.
Wherein, the silicon carbide is handled using following methods：Coke is mixed with quartz sand, obtains mixture, by institute
The mixture stated is put into microwave agglomerating furnace, is carried out microwave sintering, is obtained silicon carbide powder.
Wherein, the microwave sintering heating rate is 60 DEG C/min, and sintering temperature is 1100 DEG C.
Wherein, the coke is handled using following methods：Coke is subjected to ball milling, is sieved after dry to obtain coke blacking
Coke powder of the grain size at 15 microns is taken at end.
A kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic, includes the following steps：
（1）Dispensing prepares：By binder and water with 1:1 ratio mixing, is sufficiently mixed after remaining raw material is then added, using
Mixture is obtained after ageing mixture 3h；
（2）Green compact processing：It will be in above-mentioned steps（2）In mixture be pressed, green compact are obtained, then by the life
Base is dried；
（3）Sintering processes：It will be in step（3）Described in the green compact of drying be put into sintering furnace and be sintered, obtain silicon carbide
Refractory material finished product.
Wherein, in step（3）In the process, 280 DEG C are first warming up to, 1h in this section is maintained the temperature at, it is further heated up to
Sintering temperature, sintering temperature are 2000 DEG C, sintering time 6h, using nitrogen atmosphere as protective atmosphere in sintering process.
Embodiment 2
A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：
80 parts of silicon carbide ceramics aggregate, 25 parts of binder, 10 parts of pore creating material, 10 parts of sintering aid, 10 parts of dispersant.
Wherein, the silicon carbide ceramics aggregate uses silicon-carbide particle of the grain size at 20 microns.
Wherein, the binder includes the component of following parts by weight：5 parts of alumina powder, 10 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate,
0 part of silica 1.
Wherein, the dispersant includes the component of following parts by weight：3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 parts of oleic acid, polyethylene glycol 2
Part.
Wherein, the pore creating material uses starch, the sintering aid to use yttrium oxide.
Wherein, the silicon carbide is handled using following methods：Coke is mixed with quartz sand, obtains mixture, by institute
The mixture stated is put into microwave agglomerating furnace, is carried out microwave sintering, is obtained silicon carbide powder.
Wherein, the microwave sintering heating rate is 70 DEG C/min, and sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C.
Wherein, the coke is handled using following methods：Coke is subjected to ball milling, is sieved after dry to obtain coke blacking
Coke powder of the grain size at 20 microns is taken at end.
A kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic, includes the following steps：
（1）Dispensing prepares：By binder and water with 1:1 ratio mixing, is sufficiently mixed after remaining raw material is then added, using
Mixture is obtained after ageing mixture 4h；
（2）Green compact processing：It will be in above-mentioned steps（2）In mixture be pressed, green compact are obtained, then by the life
Base is dried；
（3）Sintering processes：It will be in step（3）Described in the green compact of drying be put into sintering furnace and be sintered, obtain silicon carbide
Refractory material finished product.
Wherein, in step（3）In the process, 320 DEG C are first warming up to, 2h in this section is maintained the temperature at, it is further heated up to
Sintering temperature, sintering temperature are 2400 DEG C, sintering time 7h, using nitrogen atmosphere as protective atmosphere in sintering process.
Embodiment 3
A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：
75 parts of silicon carbide ceramics aggregate, 23 parts of binder, 8 parts of pore creating material, 8 parts of sintering aid, 8 parts of dispersant.
Wherein, the silicon carbide ceramics aggregate uses silicon-carbide particle of the grain size at 18 microns.
Wherein, the binder includes the component of following parts by weight：4 parts of alumina powder, 9 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate,
9 parts of silica.
Wherein, the dispersant includes the component of following parts by weight：2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 2 parts of oleic acid, polyethylene glycol 1
Part.
Wherein, the pore creating material uses starch, the sintering aid to use yttrium oxide.
Wherein, the silicon carbide is handled using following methods：Coke is mixed with quartz sand, obtains mixture, by institute
The mixture stated is put into microwave agglomerating furnace, is carried out microwave sintering, is obtained silicon carbide powder.
Wherein, the microwave sintering heating rate is 65 DEG C/min, and sintering temperature is 1200 DEG C.
Wherein, the coke is handled using following methods：Coke is subjected to ball milling, is sieved after dry to obtain coke blacking
Coke powder of the grain size at 17 microns is taken at end.
A kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic, includes the following steps：
（1）Dispensing prepares：By binder and water with 1:1 ratio mixing, is sufficiently mixed after remaining raw material is then added, using
Mixture is obtained after ageing mixture 3h；
（2）Green compact processing：It will be in above-mentioned steps（2）In mixture be pressed, green compact are obtained, then by the life
Base is dried；
（3）Sintering processes：It will be in step（3）Described in the green compact of drying be put into sintering furnace and be sintered, obtain silicon carbide
Refractory material finished product.
Wherein, in step（3）In the process, 300 DEG C are first warming up to, 1h in this section is maintained the temperature at, it is further heated up to
Sintering temperature, sintering temperature are 2200 DEG C, sintering time 6h, using nitrogen atmosphere as protective atmosphere in sintering process.
Embodiment 4
A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：
78 parts of silicon carbide ceramics aggregate, 23 parts of binder, 9 parts of pore creating material, 8 parts of sintering aid, 8 parts of dispersant.
Wherein, the silicon carbide ceramics aggregate uses silicon-carbide particle of the grain size at 18 microns.
Wherein, the binder includes the component of following parts by weight：5 parts of alumina powder, 10 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate,
0 part of silica 1.
Wherein, the dispersant includes the component of following parts by weight：3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3 parts of oleic acid, polyethylene glycol 2
Part.
Wherein, the pore creating material uses starch, the sintering aid to use yttrium oxide.
Wherein, the silicon carbide is handled using following methods：Coke is mixed with quartz sand, obtains mixture, by institute
The mixture stated is put into microwave agglomerating furnace, is carried out microwave sintering, is obtained silicon carbide powder.
Wherein, the microwave sintering heating rate is 70 DEG C/min, and sintering temperature is 1300 DEG C.
Wherein, the coke is handled using following methods：Coke is subjected to ball milling, is sieved after dry to obtain coke blacking
Coke powder of the grain size at 20 microns is taken at end.
A kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic, includes the following steps：
（1）Dispensing prepares：By binder and water with 1:1 ratio mixing, is sufficiently mixed after remaining raw material is then added, using
Mixture is obtained after ageing mixture 4h；
（2）Green compact processing：It will be in above-mentioned steps（2）In mixture be pressed, green compact are obtained, then by the life
Base is dried；
（3）Sintering processes：It will be in step（3）Described in the green compact of drying be put into sintering furnace and be sintered, obtain silicon carbide
Refractory material finished product.
Wherein, in step（3）In the process, 310 DEG C are first warming up to, 2h in this section is maintained the temperature at, it is further heated up to
Sintering temperature, sintering temperature are 2300 DEG C, sintering time 7h, using nitrogen atmosphere as protective atmosphere in sintering process.
Embodiment 5
A kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：
71 parts of silicon carbide ceramics aggregate, 21 parts of binder, 6 parts of pore creating material, 6 parts of sintering aid, 6 parts of dispersant.
Wherein, the silicon carbide ceramics aggregate uses silicon-carbide particle of the grain size at 16 microns.
Wherein, the binder includes the component of following parts by weight：4 parts of alumina powder, 9 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate,
9 parts of silica.
Wherein, the dispersant includes the component of following parts by weight：2 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 part of oleic acid, polyethylene glycol 1
Part.
Wherein, the pore creating material uses starch, the sintering aid to use yttrium oxide.
Wherein, the silicon carbide is handled using following methods：Coke is mixed with quartz sand, obtains mixture, by institute
The mixture stated is put into microwave agglomerating furnace, is carried out microwave sintering, is obtained silicon carbide powder.
Wherein, the microwave sintering heating rate is 62 DEG C/min, and sintering temperature is 1150 DEG C.
Wherein, the coke is handled using following methods：Coke is subjected to ball milling, is sieved after dry to obtain coke blacking
Coke powder of the grain size at 16 microns is taken at end.
A kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic, includes the following steps：
（1）Dispensing prepares：By binder and water with 1:1 ratio mixing, is sufficiently mixed after remaining raw material is then added, using
Mixture is obtained after ageing mixture 4h；
（2）Green compact processing：It will be in above-mentioned steps（2）In mixture be pressed, green compact are obtained, then by the life
Base is dried；
（3）Sintering processes：It will be in step（3）Described in the green compact of drying be put into sintering furnace and be sintered, obtain silicon carbide
Refractory material finished product.
Wherein, in step（3）In the process, 280 DEG C are first warming up to, 1h in this section is maintained the temperature at, it is further heated up to
Sintering temperature, sintering temperature are 2200 DEG C, sintering time 6h, using nitrogen atmosphere as protective atmosphere in sintering process.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic, which is characterized in that include the component of following parts by weight：
70 ~ 80 parts of silicon carbide ceramics aggregate, 20 ~ 25 parts of binder, 5 ~ 10 parts of pore creating material, 5 ~ 10 parts of sintering aid, dispersant 5 ~
10 parts.
2. a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The silicon carbide ceramics aggregate is adopted
With silicon-carbide particle of the grain size between 15 ~ 20 microns.
3. a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the binder includes following heavy
Measure the component of part：3 ~ 5 parts of alumina powder, 8 ~ 10 parts of sodium cellulose glycolate, 9 ~ 10 parts of silica.
4. a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dispersant includes following heavy
Measure the component of part：2 ~ 3 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 1 ~ 3 part of oleic acid, 1 ~ 2 part of polyethylene glycol.
5. a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pore creating material uses starch,
The sintering aid uses yttrium oxide.
6. a kind of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the silicon carbide is used with lower section
Method processing：After coke is mixed with quartz sand, microwave sintering is carried out, silicon carbide powder is obtained.
7. a kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The microwave is burnt
Knot heating rate is 60 ~ 70 DEG C/min, and sintering temperature is 1100 ~ 1300 DEG C.
8. a kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the coke is adopted
It handles using the following method：Coke is subjected to ball milling, is sieved after dry to obtain coke powder, takes grain size between 15 ~ 20 microns
Coke powder.
9. a kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that including with
Lower step：
（1）Dispensing prepares：By binder and water with 1:1 ratio mixing, is sufficiently mixed after remaining raw material is then added, using
Mixture is obtained after 3 ~ 4h of ageing mixture；
（2）Green compact processing：It will be in above-mentioned steps（2）In mixture carry out pressure forming, green compact are obtained, then by the life
Base is dried；
（3）Sintering processes：It will be in step（3）Described in the green compact of drying be put into sintering furnace and be sintered, obtain silicon carbide
Refractory material finished product.
10. a kind of preparation method of porous silicon carbide ceramic according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：In step（3）It crosses
Cheng Zhong is first warming up to 280 ~ 320 DEG C, maintains the temperature at 1 ~ 2h in this section, and it is further heated up to sintering temperature, sintering temperature is
2000 ~ 2400 DEG C, sintering time is 6 ~ 7h.
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| CN109704777A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-03 | 锐竑(上海)新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of graphene double carbide ceramic material |
| CN110357655A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-10-22 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of biomimetic features silicon carbide-based porous ceramics and preparation method thereof |
| CN110818424A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-02-21 | 宁波伏尔肯科技股份有限公司 | Porous silicon carbide ceramic for steam type medical atomizer and preparation method thereof |
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