CN108608871A - A kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device and its working method based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery - Google Patents
A kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device and its working method based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN108608871A CN108608871A CN201810224893.6A CN201810224893A CN108608871A CN 108608871 A CN108608871 A CN 108608871A CN 201810224893 A CN201810224893 A CN 201810224893A CN 108608871 A CN108608871 A CN 108608871A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/40—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/90—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by specific means not covered by groups B60L50/10 - B60L50/50, e.g. by direct conversion of thermal nuclear energy into electricity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/92—Energy efficient charging or discharging systems for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors specially adapted for vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device and its working method based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery, the automobile-used composite energy storing device is mainly made of lithium battery, the first auxiliary energy storage device, the second auxiliary energy storage device and energy storage device electronic control unit；Lithium battery is connect by conducting wire with switching group by four single super capacitors and is formed as main energy storage device, core component of the super capacitor module as the first auxiliary energy storage device, and the core component of the second auxiliary energy storage device is flying wheel battery；Energy storage device electronic control unit can realize the different parallel/serial arrangement mode of monomer super capacitor by controlling the break-make of switching group.The invention enables lithium batteries during Automobile drive to be in optimum output power state always, and lithium battery is not involved in regenerating braking energy recycling in Motor Vehicle Braking Procedure, and takes flying wheel battery braking mode to avoid super capacitor and " completely filling " phenomenon occurs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile energy storage device fields, more particularly, to one kind by lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery
The automobile-used composite energy storing device and its working method of composition.
Background technology
One of core component as electric vehicle, the main task of energy storage device, which is to provide driving power and realizes, to be regenerated
The recycling of braking energy stores.The available single energy storage device of electric vehicle mainly has accumulator, lithium battery, super capacitor, flies
Take turns battery and fuel cell etc..Based on current energy storage technology, above-mentioned single energy storage device respectively has advantage and disadvantage.Therefore, by adopting
It is very useful selection the shortcomings that overcoming single energy storage device with composite energy storing device.Typical composite energy storage system packet
It includes：Accumulator-super capacitor, lithium battery-super capacitor, fuel cell-super capacitance, accumulator-flying wheel battery etc..Super electricity
The standby high-specific-power of container, in the short period the characteristics of high current charge-discharge, by super capacitor and as main energy storage device
Accumulator combines, and plays the effect of super capacitor equally loaded, the charging and discharging currents for reducing accumulator can be to a certain extent
Increase the service life of accumulator.The main energy storage device that accumulator is used as, super capacitor are answered as auxiliary energy storage system
It closes energy-storage system and has obtained more and more concerns in recent years.
Chinese patent (application No. is 201210066119.X) " a kind of high efficiency composition energy-storage system ", it is double in order to avoid using
Lead to excessive energy loss to DC/DC converters, it will by concatenated power diode and the first unidirectional DC/DC converters
Power battery and super capacitor are attached, and realize effective collaborative work of power battery and super capacitor.But vehicle is again
In raw braking process, if there is super capacitor and in the case that power battery has been filled with electricity, which uses power dissipation
Device consumes regenerating braking energy in the form of thermal energy, causes energy dissipation；In addition, the invention does not deeply consider
How the operating mode of super capacitor and power battery is coordinated to optimize the output power of power battery.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is being based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery, a kind of output is provided
Power stability, Brake energy recovery be efficient, high safety, the novel automobile composite energy storing device of good reliability and its work side
Method.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery, including it is lithium battery, first auxiliary
Help energy storage device, the second auxiliary energy storage device and energy storage device electronic control unit, the lithium battery, the first auxiliary energy storage dress
It sets, the second auxiliary energy storage device is connect with energy storage device electronic control unit；The energy storage device electronic control unit and
Two auxiliary energy storage devices, the connection of the first auxiliary energy storage device be by with flying wheel battery rotary speed signal sensor, flying wheel battery, the
One electromagnetic clutch, the second electromagnetic clutch and super capacitor module connect realization；
The lithium battery passes sequentially through the first unidirectional DC/DC converters, DC bus connects the one of DC-AC converter
End, the other end of DC-AC converter are connect with left wheel hub motor and right wheel hub motor respectively, the left wheel hub motor and the right side
Wheel hub motor is separately mounted in left Electric Motor Wheel and right Electric Motor Wheel, the left Electric Motor Wheel and right Electric Motor Wheel respectively by semiaxis with it is poor
Fast device mechanical connection；
The first auxiliary energy storage device include the second unidirectional DC/DC converters being sequentially connected, super capacitor module and
One end of first two-way DC/DC converters, the second unidirectional DC/DC converters is connect with lithium battery, the first two-way DC/
One end of DC converters is bi-directionally connected with DC bus；
The second auxiliary energy storage device includes the flying wheel battery being sequentially connected, the first electromagnetic clutch, retarder, second
Electromagnetic clutch and differential mechanism are equipped with flying wheel battery rotary speed signal sensor on flying wheel battery；
The energy storage device electronic control unit be also associated with speed signal sensor, acceleration pedal signal sensor and
Brake pedal signal sensor；
The super capacitor module includes switching group and super capacitor group, and energy storage device electronic control unit is opened by control
The break-make of pass realizes the switching control of the parallel/serial mode of super capacitor.
In said program, the energy storage device electronic control unit includes AD converter, demand power computing module and item
Part judging unit；AD converter converts the collected real time analogue signals of sensor to digital signal, and demand power calculates mould
Block calculates the actual demand power P of electric vehicler, condition judgment unit determines the power P that flying wheel battery can providef, condition
Judging unit determines that lithium battery optimum output power is denoted as P according to the current state of lithium batteryb, also according to super capacitor group meter
Calculate the SOC value of super capacitor module.
A kind of working method of the automobile-used composite energy storing device based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery, the AD
Converter converts the collected real time analogue signals of sensor to digital signal, and demand power computing module calculates electronic vapour
The actual demand power P of vehicler, condition judgment unit determines the power P that flying wheel battery can providef, condition judgment unit is according to lithium
The current state of battery determines that lithium battery optimum output power is denoted as Pb, condition judgment unit calculates super according to super capacitor group
The SOC value of grade electric capacity module, uses SOCcIt indicates, and condition judgment unit preset the SOC threshold values of super capacitor module
Upper limit SOCcmax；Condition judgment unit is during vehicle launch/driving by comparing Pr、PfAnd PbBetween magnitude relationship, really
Fixed corresponding driving operating mode；Condition judgment unit is during vehicle braking by comparing SOCcAnd SOCcmaxBetween it is big
Small relationship determines corresponding braking operation pattern；Condition judgment unit can be by lithium battery, super capacitor module, flywheel
Battery, the first electromagnetic clutch and the second electromagnetic clutch send out control instruction, and the driving/braking for participating in electric vehicle controlled
Journey.
Further, during the vehicle traction, two kinds can be divided into not by whether participating in driving process according to flying wheel battery
With operating mode, flying wheel battery participates in work in pattern one, and flying wheel battery is not involved in work in pattern two；Operating mode one
In, if Pf≥PrWhen, it opens flying wheel battery and pattern is operated alone, vehicle demand power is provided separately by flying wheel battery at this time, flywheel
The output power size of battery is equal to vehicle demand power Pr；If Pf＜ Pr, open flying wheel battery and super capacitor module drive jointly
Dynamic model formula, at this time vehicle demand power provided jointly by flying wheel battery and super capacitor module, the output power of flying wheel battery
It is small to be equal to Pf, super capacitor module output power size is equal to Pr-Pf；In operating mode two, if Pr=PbWhen, then vehicle demand work(
Rate is provided separately by lithium battery, i.e., lithium battery is in and pattern is operated alone；If Pr＜ PbWhen, vehicle need are being provided separately in lithium battery
It asks and charges again to super capacitor module while power, i.e., lithium battery is in bilateral discharge mode；If Pr＞ PbWhen, surpass
Grade electric capacity module output power size is equal to Pr-Pb, i.e. lithium battery and the common drive mode of super capacitor module.
Further, the lithium battery is in bilateral discharge mode, specially：Energy storage device electronic control unit controls lithium electricity
Pond, which is connected to by the first unidirectional DC/DC converters on DC bus, discharges；Meanwhile energy storage device electronic control unit controls lithium
Battery is discharged by the second unidirectional DC/DC converters, controls switch on and off so that is be connected in parallel in super capacitor module is super
Capacitance is under charge mode.
Further, the lithium battery is in and pattern is operated alone, specially：Energy storage device electronic control unit controls lithium electricity
Pond, which is connected to by the first unidirectional DC/DC converters on DC bus, discharges；Lithium battery is passed through direct current by DC-AC converter
The DC conversion that busbar passes over is alternating current, then is transmitted in left wheel hub motor and right wheel hub motor, is driven left electronic
Wheel and the rotation of right Electric Motor Wheel.
Further, the lithium battery and the common drive mode of super capacitor module, specially：Energy storage device electronic control is single
Member control lithium battery, which is connected to by the first unidirectional DC/DC converters on DC bus, to discharge；Meanwhile energy storage device is controlled electronically
Unit controls switch on and off；So that super capacitor is connected in series through the first two-way DC/DC converters and is connected in super capacitor module
It is discharged on DC bus to provide difference power；Lithium battery and the first auxiliary energy storage device are passed through direct current by DC-AC converter
The DC conversion that busbar passes over is alternating current, then is transmitted in left wheel hub motor and right wheel hub motor, is driven left electronic
Wheel and the rotation of right Electric Motor Wheel.
Further, during the vehicle braking, according to SOCcWith SOCcmaxMagnitude relationship, by super capacitor mould splits
For both of which, work as SOCc＜ SOCcmaxWhen, start super capacitor module braking mode, works as SOCc≥SOCcmaxWhen, start
Flying wheel battery is braking mode；When super capacitor module braking mode starts, energy storage device electronic control unit control
Switch on and off processed so that super capacitor mould is in parallel, is connected on DC bus and is charged by the first two-way DC/DC converters；This
When, the first auxiliary energy storage device recycles and stores regenerating braking energy；When flying wheel battery braking mode starts, energy storage dress
It sets electronic control unit and controls the first electromagnetic clutch and the connection of the second electromagnetic clutch, the braking energy of electric vehicle leads to successively
Left Electric Motor Wheel and right Electric Motor Wheel, semiaxis, differential mechanism, the second electromagnetic clutch, retarder, the first electromagnetic clutch are crossed, it is final to flow
To flying wheel battery, and it is converted into the kinetic energy storage of rotor in flying wheel battery；Process of regenerative braking finishes, and controls the first electromagnetism
Clutch and the second electromagnetic clutch disconnect, and the flywheel in flying wheel battery rotates freely.
The present invention is after adopting the above technical scheme, have an advantageous effect in that：
1, it ensure that the lithium battery as main energy storage device is in optimum output power state always so that lithium battery is imitated
Rate highest postpones its service life；
2, the break-make that switch group is controlled by energy storage device electronic control unit, to single super electricity in super capacitor module
Different series, parallel combinations is carried out between appearance；In super capacitor module charging process, effectively reduced using being connected in parallel
Intrinsic characteristic difference between super capacitor monomer improves charge efficiency；In super capacitor module discharge process, it is connected in series with
The peak power that super capacitor module can improve is multiplied, makes up by the output voltage that can improve super capacitor module
The shortcomings that output power of super capacitor module declines therewith therewith the increase of depth of discharge；
3, lithium battery is not involved in regenerating braking energy removal process, if SOC occursc≥SOCcmaxThe case where, it is auxiliary to open second
Energy-storage system is helped to recycle braking energy and be converted to flywheel rotor kinetic energy storage；It can be to avoid lithium battery and super electricity
There is a phenomenon where " completely filling " for molar group.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is electric vehicle NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE energy storage device structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is super capacitor modular structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is energy storage device electronic control unit structure principle chart.
In figure：1. DC-AC converter；2. DC bus；3. energy storage device electronic control unit；4. speed signal passes
Sensor；5. accelerator pedal signal sensor；6. brake pedal signal sensor；7. the first unidirectional DC/DC converters；8. lithium is electric
Pond；9. the first auxiliary energy storage device；10. the second unidirectional DC/DC converters；11. super capacitor module；12. the first two-way DC/DC
Converter；13. the second auxiliary energy storage device；14. flying wheel battery rotary speed signal sensor；15. flying wheel battery；16. the first electromagnetism
Clutch；17. retarder；18. the second electromagnetic clutch；19. right wheel hub motor；20. right Electric Motor Wheel；21. differential mechanism；22. half
Axis；23. left wheel hub motor；24. left Electric Motor Wheel；25. switch S1；26. switch S2；27. switch S3；28. switch S4；29. switch S5；
30. switch S6；31. switch S7；32. switch S8；33. switch S9；34. switch S10；35. switch S11；36. switch S12；37. switch
S13；38. switch S14；39. switch S15；40. switch S16；41. switch S17；42. switch S18；43. switch S19；44. No.1 position is super
Grade capacitance；45. No. two position super capacitors；46. third place super capacitor；47. No. four position super capacitors；48.AD converters；49.
Condition judgment unit；50. demand power computing unit.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, it is a kind of based on the automobile composite energy storing device of lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery by lithium battery
8, the first auxiliary energy storage device 9, the second auxiliary energy storage device 13 and energy storage device electronic control unit 3 form；
Wherein lithium battery 8 is connect by the first unidirectional DC/DC converters 7 with DC bus 2 as main energy storage device；Directly
Flow busbar 2 and connect DC-AC converter 1, the other end of DC-AC converter 1 respectively with left wheel hub motor 23 and right wheel hub
Motor 19 connects, and left wheel hub motor 23 and right wheel hub motor 19 are separately mounted in left Electric Motor Wheel 24 and right Electric Motor Wheel 20；First
Auxiliary energy storage device 9 includes the first two-way DC/DC converters 12, super capacitor module 11 and the second unidirectional DC/DC converters 10,
Super capacitor module 11 is separately connected one end of 12 and second unidirectional DC/DC converters 10 of the first two-way DC/DC converters, and first
The other end of two-way DC/DC converters 12 is bi-directionally connected with DC bus 2, the other end of the second unidirectional DC/DC converters 10
It is connect with lithium battery 8；Second auxiliary energy storage device 13 is by flying wheel battery 15, the first electromagnetic clutch 16, the 17, second electricity of retarder
Magnet clutch 18 and differential mechanism 21 form, and flying wheel battery 15 connects one end of the first electromagnetic clutch 16, the first electromagnetic clutch
One end of 16 other end connection retarder 17, the other end of retarder 17 connect one end of the second electromagnetic clutch 18, the
The other end of two electromagnetic clutch 18 is connect with differential mechanism 21, differential mechanism 21 by semiaxis 22 respectively with left Electric Motor Wheel 24 and right electricity
Driving wheel 20 is mechanically connected, and flying wheel battery rotary speed signal sensor 14 is equipped on flying wheel battery 15；Energy storage device electronic control is single
Member 3 is separately connected speed signal sensor 4, acceleration pedal signal sensor 5, brake pedal signal sensor 6, flying wheel battery
Rotary speed signal sensor 14, lithium battery 8, super capacitor module 11, flying wheel battery 15, the first electromagnetic clutch 16 and the second electromagnetism
Clutch 18；
As shown in Fig. 2, the super capacitor module 11 is by switch S125, switch S226, switch S327, switch S428, it switchs
S529, switch S630, switch S731, switch S832, switch S933, switch S1034, switch S1135, switch S1236, switch S1337、
Switch S1438, switch S1539, switch S1640, switch S1741, switch S1842, switch S1943 and No.1 position super capacitor 44,
46, No. four No. two position super capacitors 45, third place super capacitor position super capacitors 47 form；Wherein No.1 position super capacitor 44,
46, No. four No. two position super capacitors 45, third place super capacitor position super capacitors 47 are connected in series with by conducting wire；Switch S1741 controls
The break-make of No.1 position processed super capacitor 44 and No. two position super capacitors 45, switch S1842 control No. two position super capacitors 45 and No. three
The break-make of position super capacitor 46, switch S19The break-make of 43 control third place super capacitors 46 and No. four position super capacitors 47；Switch
S125, switch S226 break-makes between 44 anode of control No.1 position super capacitor, cathode and the first two-way DC/DC converters 12 respectively；
Switch S327, switch S428 control respectively between No. two 45 anodes of position super capacitor, cathode and the first two-way DC/DC converters 12
Break-make；Switch S529, switch S630 control 46 anode of third place super capacitor, cathode and the first two-way DC/DC converters 12 respectively
Between break-make；Switch S731, switch S832 control No. four 47 anodes of position super capacitor, cathode and the first two-way DC/DC transformation respectively
Break-make between device 12；Switch S933, switch S1034 control 44 anode of No.1 position super capacitor, cathode and the second unidirectional DC/ respectively
Break-make between DC converters 10；Switch S1135, switch S1236 control No. two 45 anodes of position super capacitor, cathode and second respectively
Break-make between unidirectional DC/DC converters 10；Switch S1337, switch S1438 control 46 anode of third place super capacitor, cathode respectively
And second break-make between unidirectional DC/DC converters 10；Switch S1539, switch S1640 are controlling No. four position super capacitors 47 just respectively
Break-make between pole, cathode and the second unidirectional DC/DC converters 10；Energy storage device electronic control unit 3 can be by switching group
Break-make control, realize four independent super capacitors parallel/serial mode switching control.
As shown in figure 3, the energy storage device electronic control unit 3 includes AD converter 48, demand power computing module 50
With condition judgment unit 49；AD converter 48 believes speed signal sensor 4, acceleration pedal signal sensor 5, brake pedal
Number sensor 6 and the 14 collected real time analogue signals of institute of flying wheel battery rotary speed signal sensor are converted into digital signal；Demand
Power calculation unit 50 calculates the practical need of electric vehicle according to speed signal, acceleration pedal signal and brake pedal signal
Seek power Pr(startup/driving condition Pr＞ 0, on-position Pr＜ 0)；Condition judgment unit 49 is according to flying wheel battery tach signal
Determine the power P that flying wheel battery 15 can providef, 8 optimum output power of lithium battery is determined according to the current state of lithium battery 8
It is denoted as Pb；Condition judgment unit 49 calculates the SOC value of super capacitor module 11 also according to four single super capacitor signals,
Use SOCcIt indicates, condition judgment unit 49 also preset the SOC threshold values upper limits SOC of super capacitor module 11cmax；
In addition, condition judgment unit 49 can generate real-time power distribution control strategy by decision logic, and to lithium
Battery 8, super capacitor module 11, flying wheel battery 15, the first electromagnetic clutch 16 and the second electromagnetic clutch 18 send out control and refer to
It enables, participates in the driving/braking control process of electric vehicle；
It is proposed by the present invention based on lithium battery, super capacitor in stationary vehicle, startup/driving process and braking process
It is as follows with the working method of the automobile composite energy storing device of flying wheel battery：
1) during vehicle launch/driving
The kinetic energy for assisting out flying wheel battery 15 in energy storage device 13 to carry in view of second is unfavorable for long-time storage, flywheel
The kinetic energy of battery 15 should be preferentially used for providing vehicle demand power；Startup/driving process whether is participated according to flying wheel battery 15
Two different operating modes can be divided into, flying wheel battery 15 participates in work in pattern one, and flying wheel battery 15 is not joined in pattern two
With work；
In pattern one, if Pf≥PrWhen, it opens flying wheel battery 15 and pattern is operated alone, vehicle demand power is by second at this time
Flying wheel battery 15 in auxiliary energy storage device 13 is provided separately, and the output power size of flying wheel battery 15 is equal to vehicle demand power
Pr；If Pf＜ Pr, flying wheel battery 15 and 11 common drive mode of super capacitor module are opened, vehicle demand power is by flywheel at this time
Battery and super capacitor module 11 provide jointly, and the output power size of flying wheel battery 15 is equal to Pf, super capacitor module 11 is defeated
Go out watt level and is equal to Pr-Pf；
Using pattern one carry out vehicle launch/driving during, energy storage device electronic control unit 3 control the first electromagnetism from
Clutch 16 is connected with the second electromagnetic clutch 18, and the kinetic energy stored in the second auxiliary energy storage device 13 passes sequentially through 17 He of retarder
Differential mechanism 21 drives left Electric Motor Wheel 24 and right Electric Motor Wheel 20 to rotate with mechanical connection manner, and flying wheel battery 15 is electronic for providing
Automobile drive power；In addition, when opening flying wheel battery 15 and super capacitor 11 common drive mode of module, energy storage device electronics control
Unit 3 processed controls switch S125, switch S832, switch S1741, switch S1842, switch S1943 are closed, switch S226, it switchs
S327, switch S428, switch S529, switch S630, switch S731, switch S933, switch S1034, switch S1135, switch S1236、
Switch S1337, switch S1438, switch S1539, switch S1640 disconnect so that in super capacitor module 11 four be connected in series with it is super
Grade capacitance, which is connected to by the first two-way DC/DC converters 12 on DC bus 2, to discharge；DC-AC converter 1 is auxiliary by first
It is alternating current to help the DC conversion that energy storage device 9 is passed over by DC bus 2, then is transmitted to left wheel hub motor 23 and the right side
In wheel hub motor 19, to drive left Electric Motor Wheel 24 and right Electric Motor Wheel 20 to rotate, super capacitor module 11 is electric vehicle at this time
Driving power P is providedr-Pf；
In order to ensure that lithium battery 8 is in optimum output power state always in pattern two, if Pr=PbWhen, then vehicle demand
Power is provided separately by lithium battery 8, i.e., pattern is operated alone in lithium battery 8；If Pr＜ PbWhen, the output power of lithium battery 8 is Pb,
The super capacitor module 11 into the first auxiliary energy storage device 9 again while vehicle demand power is provided separately of lithium battery 8
It charges, i.e. 8 bilateral discharge mode of lithium battery；If Pr＞ PbWhen, lithium battery output power size is P at this timeb, super capacitor
11 output power size of module is equal to Pr-Pb, i.e. 11 common drive mode of lithium battery 8 and super capacitor module；
Lithium battery 8 is operated alone in pattern, and energy storage device electronic control unit 3 controls lithium battery 8 and passes through the first unidirectional DC/
DC converters 7, which are connected on DC bus 2, to discharge；DC-AC converter 1 passes over lithium battery 8 by DC bus 2
DC conversion be alternating current, then be transmitted in left wheel hub motor 23 and right wheel hub motor 19, to drive left Electric Motor Wheel 24
It is rotated with right Electric Motor Wheel 20, the power needed for driving is provided for electric vehicle；
In 8 bilateral discharge mode of lithium battery, energy storage device electronic control unit 3 controls lithium battery 8 and passes through the first unidirectional DC/
DC converters 7, which are connected on DC bus 2, to discharge；Meanwhile energy storage device electronic control unit 3 controls lithium battery 8 and passes through second
Unidirectional DC/DC converters 10 discharge, control switch S933, switch S1034, switch S1135, switch S1236, switch S1337, it switchs
S1438, switch S1539, switch S1640 are closed, switch S125, switch S226, switch S327, switch S428, switch S529, it switchs
S630, switch S731, switch S832, switch S1741, switch S1842, switch S1943 disconnect so that four in super capacitor module 11
A super capacitor being connected in parallel is under charge mode；
In 11 common drive mode of lithium battery 8 and super capacitor module, energy storage device electronic control unit 3 controls lithium battery
8 are connected on DC bus 2 by the first unidirectional DC/DC converters 7 and discharge；Meanwhile energy storage device electronic control unit 3 controls
Switch S125, switch S832, switch S1741, switch S1842, switch S1943 are closed, switch S226, switch S327, switch S428, it opens
Close S529, switch S630, switch S731, switch S933, switch S1034, switch S1135, switch S1236, switch S1337, it switchs
S1438, switch S1539, switch S1640 disconnect；So that be connected in series through first two-way for four super capacitors in super capacitor module 11
DC/DC converters 12, which are connected on DC bus 2, to discharge to provide difference power；DC-AC converter 1 is by lithium battery 8 and
One auxiliary energy storage device 9 is alternating current by the DC conversion that DC bus 2 passes over, then is transmitted to left wheel hub motor 23
In right wheel hub motor 19, to drive left Electric Motor Wheel 24 and right Electric Motor Wheel 20 to rotate, provided needed for driving for electric vehicle
Power；
2) during vehicle braking
Preferentially regenerating braking energy is recycled using super capacitor module 11, when super capacitor module 11 is fully charged
In the case of, it enables the second auxiliary energy storage device 13 and regenerating braking energy is recycled, can be avoided super capacitor module 11
" completely filling " phenomenon occurs；According to SOCcAnd SOCcmaxSize be divided into 11 braking mode (SOC of super capacitor modulec＜
SOCcmax) and 15 braking mode (SOC of flying wheel batteryc≥SOCcmax) two kinds；
When 11 braking mode of super capacitor module starts, energy storage device electronic control unit 3 controls switch S125, it opens
Close S226, switch S327, switch S428, switch S529, switch S630, switch S731, switch S832 are closed, switch S933, it switchs
S1034, switch S1135, switch S1236, switch S1337, switch S1438, switch S1539, switch S1640, switch S1741, it switchs
S1842, switch S1943 disconnect so that four super capacitor modules in parallel are connected to directly by the first two-way DC/DC converters 12
It charges on stream busbar 2；At this point, the first auxiliary energy storage device 9 recycles and stores regenerating braking energy；
When 15 braking mode of flying wheel battery starts, energy storage device electronic control unit 3 controls the first electromagnetic clutch
16 connect with the second electromagnetic clutch 18, and the braking energy of electric vehicle passes sequentially through left Electric Motor Wheel 24 and right wheel 20, semiaxis
22, differential mechanism 21, the second electromagnetic clutch 18, retarder 17, the first electromagnetic clutch 16, eventually flow to flying wheel battery 15, and
It is converted into the kinetic energy storage of rotor in flying wheel battery；Process of regenerative braking finishes, and controls the first electromagnetic clutch 16 and the
Two electromagnetic clutch 18 disconnect, and the flywheel in flying wheel battery 15 rotates freely.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery, which is characterized in that including lithium electricity
Pond (8), the first auxiliary energy storage device (9), the second auxiliary energy storage device (13) and energy storage device electronic control unit (3), it is described
Lithium battery (8), the first auxiliary energy storage device (9), the second auxiliary energy storage device (13) with energy storage device electronic control unit (3)
Connection；
The lithium battery (8) passes sequentially through the first unidirectional DC/DC converters (7), DC bus (2) connection DC-AC converter
(1) other end of one end, DC-AC converter (1) is connect with left wheel hub motor (23) and right wheel hub motor (19) respectively；
The first auxiliary energy storage device (9) includes the second unidirectional DC/DC converters (10) being sequentially connected, super capacitor module
(11) connect with the first two-way DC/DC converters (12), one end and the lithium battery (8) of the second unidirectional DC/DC converters (10)
It connects, one end of the first two-way DC/DC converters (12) is bi-directionally connected with DC bus (2)；
The second auxiliary energy storage device (13) includes the flying wheel battery (15) being sequentially connected, the first electromagnetic clutch (16), subtracts
Fast device (17), the second electromagnetic clutch (18) and differential mechanism (21), flying wheel battery are equipped with flying wheel battery tach signal on (15)
Sensor (14)；
The energy storage device electronic control unit (3) is also associated with speed signal sensor (4), acceleration pedal signal sensor
(5) and brake pedal signal sensor (6)；
The super capacitor module (11) includes switching group and super capacitor group, and energy storage device electronic control unit (3) passes through control
System switches on-off, and realizes the switching control of the parallel/serial mode of super capacitor.
2. a kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the energy storage device electronic control unit (3) and the second auxiliary energy storage device (13), the first auxiliary energy storage device
(9) connection be by with flying wheel battery rotary speed signal sensor (14), flying wheel battery (15), the first electromagnetic clutch (16), the
What two electromagnetic clutch (18) and super capacitor module (11) connection were realized.
3. a kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the left wheel hub motor (23) and right wheel hub motor (19) are separately mounted to left Electric Motor Wheel (24) and right Electric Motor Wheel
(20) on, the left Electric Motor Wheel (24) and right Electric Motor Wheel (20) are mechanically connected by semiaxis (22) and differential mechanism (21) respectively.
4. a kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the energy storage device electronic control unit (3) include AD converter (48), demand power computing module (50) and
Condition judgment unit (49)；AD converter (48) converts the collected real time analogue signals of sensor to digital signal, demand
Power computation module (50) calculates the actual demand power P of electric vehicler, condition judgment unit (49) determines flying wheel battery
(15) power P that can be providedf, condition judgment unit (49) determines lithium battery (8) most according to the current state of lithium battery (8)
Good output power is denoted as Pb, also according to super capacitor group calculate super capacitor module (11) SOC value.
5. a kind of automobile-used composite energy storing device according to claim 1 based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery
Working method, which is characterized in that the AD converter (48) converts the collected real time analogue signals of sensor to number
Signal, demand power computing module (50) calculate the actual demand power P of electric vehicler, condition judgment unit (49) determination
The power P that flying wheel battery (15) can providef, condition judgment unit (49) determines lithium according to the current state of lithium battery (8)
Battery (8) optimum output power is denoted as Pb, condition judgment unit (49) is according to super capacitor group calculating super capacitor module (11)
SOC value, use SOCcIt indicates, and condition judgment unit (49) preset on the SOC threshold values of super capacitor module (11)
Limit SOCcmax；Condition judgment unit (49) is during vehicle launch/driving by comparing Pr、PfAnd PbBetween magnitude relationship,
Determine corresponding driving operating mode；Condition judgment unit (49) is during vehicle braking by comparing SOCcAnd SOCcmaxIt
Between magnitude relationship, determine corresponding braking operation pattern；Condition judgment unit (49) can be by lithium battery (8), super
Electric capacity module (11), flying wheel battery (15), the first electromagnetic clutch (16) and the second electromagnetic clutch (18) send out control instruction,
The driving/braking for participating in electric vehicle controls process.
6. the work of the automobile-used composite energy storing device according to claim 5 based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery
Make method, which is characterized in that during the vehicle traction, can be divided into according to whether flying wheel battery (15) participates in driving process
Two different operating modes, flying wheel battery (15) participates in work in pattern one, and flying wheel battery (15) is not involved in work in pattern two
Make；In operating mode one, if Pf≥PrWhen, it opens flying wheel battery (15) and pattern is operated alone, vehicle demand power is by flywheel at this time
Battery (15) is provided separately, and the output power size of flying wheel battery (15) is equal to vehicle demand power Pr；If Pf＜ Pr, open and fly
Battery (15) and super capacitor module (11) common drive mode is taken turns, vehicle demand power is by flying wheel battery and super capacitor at this time
Module (11) provides jointly, and the output power size of flying wheel battery (15) is equal to Pf, super capacitor module (11) output power
It is small to be equal to Pr-Pf；In operating mode two, if Pr=PbWhen, then vehicle demand power is provided separately by lithium battery (8), i.e. lithium battery
(8) it is in and pattern is operated alone；If Pr＜ PbWhen, lithium battery (8) is while being provided separately vehicle demand power again to super
Electric capacity module (11) charges, i.e., lithium battery (8) is in bilateral discharge mode；If Pr＞ PbWhen, super capacitor module (11) is defeated
Go out watt level and is equal to Pr-Pb, i.e. lithium battery (8) and super capacitor module (11) common drive mode.
7. the work of the automobile-used composite energy storing device according to claim 6 based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery
Make method, which is characterized in that the lithium battery (8) is in bilateral discharge mode, specially：Energy storage device electronic control unit
(3) control lithium battery (8), which is connected to by the first unidirectional DC/DC converters (7) on DC bus (2), discharges；Meanwhile energy storage fills
It sets electronic control unit (3) control lithium battery (8) to discharge by the second unidirectional DC/DC converters (10), controls switch on and off, make
The super capacitor being connected in parallel in super capacitor module (11) is obtained to be under charge mode.
8. the work of the automobile-used composite energy storing device according to claim 6 based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery
Make method, which is characterized in that the lithium battery (8) is in and pattern is operated alone, specially：Energy storage device electronic control unit
(3) control lithium battery (8), which is connected to by the first unidirectional DC/DC converters (7) on DC bus (2), discharges；DC communication turns
Lithium battery (8) is alternating current by the DC conversion that DC bus (2) passes over by parallel operation (1), then is transmitted to left wheel hub
In motor (23) and right wheel hub motor (19), left Electric Motor Wheel (24) and right Electric Motor Wheel (20) is driven to rotate.
9. the work of the automobile-used composite energy storing device according to claim 6 based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery
Make method, which is characterized in that the lithium battery (8) and super capacitor module (11) common drive mode, specially：Energy storage device
Electronic control unit (3) control lithium battery (8), which is connected to by the first unidirectional DC/DC converters (7) on DC bus (2), to be put
Electricity；Meanwhile energy storage device electronic control unit (3) controls switch on and off；So that super capacitor string in super capacitor module (11)
Unicom, which is crossed the first two-way DC/DC converters (12) and is connected on DC bus (2), discharges to provide difference power；DC communication turns
Lithium battery (8) and the first auxiliary energy storage device (9) be by parallel operation (1) by the DC conversion that DC bus (2) passes over
Alternating current, then be transmitted in left wheel hub motor (23) and right wheel hub motor (19), drive left Electric Motor Wheel (24) and right Electric Motor Wheel
(20) it rotates.
10. the work of the automobile-used composite energy storing device according to claim 5 based on lithium battery, super capacitor and flying wheel battery
Make method, which is characterized in that during the vehicle braking, according to SOCcWith SOCcmaxMagnitude relationship, by super capacitor module
(11) it is divided into both of which, works as SOCc＜ SOCcmaxWhen, start super capacitor module (11) braking mode, works as SOCc≥
SOCcmaxWhen, it is braking mode to start flying wheel battery (15)；When super capacitor module (11) braking mode starts, storage
Energy device electronic control unit (3) controls switch on and off so that super capacitor mould is in parallel, passes through the first two-way DC/DC converters
(12) it is connected on DC bus (2) and charges；At this point, the first auxiliary energy storage device (9) recycles and stores regenerating braking energy；
When flying wheel battery (15) braking mode starts, energy storage device electronic control unit (3) controls the first electromagnetic clutch (16)
It is connected with the second electromagnetic clutch (18), the braking energy of electric vehicle passes sequentially through left Electric Motor Wheel (24) and right Electric Motor Wheel
(20), semiaxis (22), differential mechanism (21), the second electromagnetic clutch (18), retarder (17), the first electromagnetic clutch (16), most
Flying wheel battery (15) is flowed to eventually, and is converted into the kinetic energy storage of rotor in flying wheel battery (15)；Process of regenerative braking finishes,
It controls the first electromagnetic clutch (16) and the second electromagnetic clutch (18) disconnects, the flywheel in flying wheel battery (15) rotates freely.
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| CN109958760A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-07-02 | 江苏大学 | A kind of hub motor driven electric vehicle gearshift and its process for gear based on transmission mechanism |
| CN110758106A (en) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-07 | 北京理工大学 | Pure electric vehicles braking energy recovery unit and system |
| CN110843555A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-02-28 | 福州大学 | Flexible electricity-electricity hybrid power supply system for vehicle |
| CN111175658A (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2020-05-19 | 安徽大学 | Method for calculating residual electric quantity of lithium battery pack of hybrid battery driving system |
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| CN112078390A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-15 | 山东理工大学 | Composite energy system braking control method based on fuel cell, lithium battery and electrodynamic flywheel battery |
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| CN117818383B (en) * | 2024-03-06 | 2024-04-30 | 山东科技大学 | Composite battery system for vehicle and energy control method thereof |
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