CN108608104B - Rapid detection device and method for space state of resistance spot welding electrode - Google Patents
Rapid detection device and method for space state of resistance spot welding electrode Download PDFInfo
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- CN108608104B CN108608104B CN201810436136.5A CN201810436136A CN108608104B CN 108608104 B CN108608104 B CN 108608104B CN 201810436136 A CN201810436136 A CN 201810436136A CN 108608104 B CN108608104 B CN 108608104B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/36—Auxiliary equipment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
- B23K11/11—Spot welding
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for quickly detecting the space state of a resistance spot welding electrode, which adopt a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor to carry out non-contact measurement, generate an electrode contour curve through a special software algorithm, automatically calculate the space states of an upper electrode, a lower electrode, an end part, transverse offset and the like, and provide a technical means for the online detection and adjustment of the spot welding electrode. The detection device consists of a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor, an adjusting seat, a rotating arm, a portable detector, a rotary encoder and a support. The rotary encoder is arranged at the center of the bracket, and the output shaft end of the rotary encoder is provided with a rotary arm. The rotating arm can rotate 360 degrees around the center of the bracket, and the angular coordinate of the rotating arm is determined by the rotary encoder. The sensor adjusting seat is installed at the upper end of the rotating arm, and the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor is installed on the adjusting seat. Install portable detector on the swinging boom, from taking the display screen, but real-time display electrode profile's detection curve and calculated values such as angle deviation, tip lateral deviation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding quality control, in particular to a technology for quickly detecting the space state of a resistance spot welding electrode in the technical field of equipment manufacturing and welding, and particularly relates to a device and a method for quickly detecting the space state of the resistance spot welding electrode.
Background
At present, the main welding process adopted in the production of the vehicle body of the traffic vehicle is resistance spot welding, each vehicle approximately comprises thousands of welding spots, and a spot welding joint with stable quality and reliability is the key for reflecting the manufacturing level of the vehicle body. The on-line monitoring of welding parameters in the welding process is a key technology in the field of current spot welding quality control.
In the process parameters of resistance spot welding, the spatial state of the upper and lower electrodes has a very important influence on the formation process of the nugget inside the spot welding head. With the progress of the welding process, the upper and lower electrodes continuously accumulate abrasion, upsetting and bending to a certain degree, and as a result, the contact state, the pressurization state and the current distribution of the electrodes and the welded workpiece during welding are affected, and further the welding quality of the joint is affected. Therefore, the spatial state of the upper and lower electrodes needs to be regularly detected in the welding production process to ensure that the centering, angle deviation and other forms meet the process requirements. At present, most of detection methods for the space state of the spot welding electrode adopt qualitative means such as a sample plate, and the detection precision and the like are insufficient, so that the development of spot welding quality control is severely restricted. Therefore, how to rapidly and accurately perform online detection and adjustment on the space state of the spot welding electrode is a key technology for further improving the welding quality of resistance spot welding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for quickly detecting the space state of a resistance spot welding electrode, which solve the problems in the prior art. The invention adopts a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor to carry out non-contact measurement, generates an electrode profile curve through a software algorithm, automatically calculates the spatial states of the upper electrode and the lower electrode, such as angle deviation, end part transverse deviation and the like, and provides a technical means for the on-line detection and adjustment of the spot welding electrode.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
the rapid detection device for the space state of the resistance spot welding electrode comprises a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1, an adjusting seat 2, a rotating arm 3, a portable detector 4, a rotary encoder 5 and a support 6, wherein the rotary encoder 5 is installed in the center of the support 6, and the rotating arm 3 is installed at the output shaft end of the support 6; a portable detector 4 is arranged on the rotating arm 3; the rotating arm 3 can drive the portable detector 4 to rotate 360 degrees around the center of the bracket 6, and the rotating angle of the portable detector is determined by the rotary encoder 5; the adjusting seat 2 of the sensor is installed at the upper end of the rotating arm 3, and the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 is installed on the adjusting seat 2.
The two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 is a high-precision linear profile measuring sensor, and can feed back the position of each profile point on a straight line through the time difference of laser propagation in the transmitting and receiving processes of laser.
The rotary encoder 5 is a photoelectric rotary encoder, and can output the rotation angle of the output shaft to the portable detector 4.
The portable detector 4 is provided with a display screen 41 and is connected with the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 and the rotary encoder 5 through signal lines, so that detection curves of electrode outlines and calculated values such as angle deviation and end transverse deviation can be displayed in real time.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method for rapidly detecting the spatial state of a resistance spot welding electrode, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), when detection is carried out, the whole set of rapid detection device for the space state of the resistance spot welding electrode is placed below a welding tongs, so that the rotation center of a support 6 is over against the electrode;
step (2), the posture of the adjusting seat 2 is adjusted left and right, so that the auxiliary light 11 emitted by the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 is superposed with the upper electrode axis or the lower electrode axis;
step (3), rotating the rotating arm 3 to drive the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to a first angle position to be detected;
step (4), at the first detection angle position, the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 emits an auxiliary light ray 11 along the axis of the electrode to be projected to the side face of the electrode, and simultaneously, the side face profile of the electrode corresponding to the auxiliary light ray 11 is measured; the distance direction from the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to the electrode is the X direction, and the axial direction of the electrode is the Z direction; displaying an electrode side profile curve corresponding to the auxiliary light ray 11 on a display screen 41 of the portable detector 4 in real time, and automatically calculating a relative axis inclination angle theta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode at the current detection angle position and end offset delta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode;
step (5), manually adjusting the angle position of the rotating arm 3 to enable the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to rotate to a second detection angle position along the electrode axis, and meanwhile, obtaining an angle value by the encoder 5; repeating the step (4), measuring a profile curve on a second detection angle position, and calculating a relative axis inclination angle and an electrode end offset;
and (6) repeating the step (5) until the detection of all the required angle positions is completed.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: aiming at the requirement of rapid detection of the working state of the resistance spot welding electrode, the invention realizes the convenient on-line detection of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the resistance spot welding equipment by the electrode outline non-contact measurement and the axis rapid calculation technology, and greatly improves the quality control effect of the resistance spot welding.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rapid detection device for the working state of a resistance spot welding electrode according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the end adjustment and motor space state detection of the rapid detection device for the working state of the resistance spot welding electrode according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the change of the measurement angle of the rapid detection device for the working state of the resistance spot welding electrode according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the calculation of the axis and tip deflection of the electrode of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor; 11. an auxiliary light; 2. an adjusting seat; 3. a rotating arm; 4. a portable detector; 41. a display screen; 5. a rotary encoder; 6. a support; theta, the relative axis inclination angle of the upper electrode and the lower electrode; Δ, end offset of upper and lower electrodes.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the device and method for rapidly detecting the spatial state of the resistance spot welding electrode of the invention adopt a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor to perform non-contact measurement, generate an electrode profile curve through a special software algorithm, and automatically calculate the spatial states of the upper electrode and the lower electrode such as angular deviation and end transverse deviation, thereby providing a technical means for online detection and adjustment of the spot welding electrode. The detection device consists of a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor, an adjusting seat, a rotating arm, a portable detector, a rotary encoder and a support. The rotary encoder is arranged at the center of the bracket, and the output shaft end of the rotary encoder is provided with a rotary arm. The rotating arm can rotate 360 degrees around the center of the bracket, and the angular coordinate of the rotating arm is determined by the rotary encoder. The sensor adjusting seat is installed at the upper end of the rotating arm, and the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor is installed on the adjusting seat. Install portable detector on the swinging boom, from taking the display screen, but real-time display electrode profile's detection curve and calculated values such as angle deviation, tip lateral deviation.
Referring to fig. 1, the rapid detection device for the space state of the resistance spot welding electrode comprises a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1, an adjusting seat 2, a rotating arm 3, a portable detector 4, a rotary encoder 5 and a support 6, wherein the rotary encoder 5 is installed in the center of the support 6, and the rotating arm 3 is installed at the output shaft end of the support 6; a portable detector 4 is arranged on the rotating arm 3; the rotating arm 3 can drive the portable detector 4 to rotate 360 degrees around the center of the bracket 6, and the rotating angle of the portable detector is determined by the rotary encoder 5; the adjusting seat 2 of the sensor is installed at the upper end of the rotating arm 3, and the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 is installed on the adjusting seat 2.
The two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 is a high-precision linear profile measuring sensor, and can feed back the position of each profile point on a straight line through the time difference of laser propagation in the transmitting and receiving processes of laser.
The rotary encoder 5 is a photoelectric rotary encoder, and can output the rotation angle of the output shaft to the portable detector 4.
The portable detector 4 is provided with a display screen 41 and is connected with the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 and the rotary encoder 5 through signal lines, so that detection curves of electrode outlines and calculated values such as angle deviation and end transverse deviation can be displayed in real time.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the method for rapidly detecting the spatial state of the resistance spot welding electrode of the present invention comprises the following steps:
step (1), when detection is carried out, the whole set of rapid detection device for the space state of the resistance spot welding electrode is placed below a welding tongs, so that the rotation center of a support 6 is over against the electrode;
step (2), the posture of the adjusting seat 2 is adjusted left and right, so that the auxiliary light 11 emitted by the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 is superposed with the upper electrode axis or the lower electrode axis;
step (3), rotating the rotating arm 3 to drive the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to a first angle position to be detected;
step (4), at the first detection angle position, the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 emits an auxiliary light ray 11 along the axis of the electrode to be projected to the side face of the electrode, and simultaneously, the side face profile of the electrode corresponding to the auxiliary light ray 11 is measured; the distance direction from the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to the electrode is the X direction, and the axial direction of the electrode is the Z direction; displaying an electrode side profile curve corresponding to the auxiliary light ray 11 on a display screen 41 of the portable detector 4 in real time, and automatically calculating a relative axis inclination angle theta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode at the current detection angle position and end offset delta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode;
step (5), manually adjusting the angle position of the rotating arm 3 to enable the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to rotate to a second detection angle position along the electrode axis, and meanwhile, obtaining an angle value by the encoder 5; repeating the step (4), measuring a profile curve on a second detection angle position, and calculating a relative axis inclination angle and an electrode end offset;
and (6) repeating the step (5) until the detection of all the required angle positions is completed.
Referring to fig. 4, when detecting at the angle position to be detected, the two-dimensional laser sensor 1 measures the electrode side profile corresponding to the auxiliary light 11 in real time and generates a profile curve. The distance direction from the two-dimensional laser sensor 1 to the electrode is the X direction, and the axial direction of the electrode is the Z direction. The profile curve is displayed on the display screen 41 of the portable detector 4 in real time, and the relative axis inclination angle theta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode and the end offset delta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode are automatically calculated.
Example (b):
the following description will be made by taking the electrode holder test used in the spot welding production of stainless steel car bodies as an example:
(1) the type of the welding tongs is C, the detection range is 0-180 degrees, and each 30 degrees is a detection position. The X-direction range of the two-dimensional laser sensor 1 is 50mm, the Z-direction range is 120mm, and the measurement precision is 50 um.
(2) When the device is used for detection, the whole set of rapid detection device for the space state of the resistance spot welding electrode is placed below a welding tongs, so that the rotation center of the support 6 is opposite to the electrode.
(3) And the posture of the adjusting seat 2 is adjusted left and right, so that the auxiliary light 11 emitted by the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 is superposed with the axis of the upper electrode or the axis of the lower electrode.
(4) And rotating the rotating arm 3 to drive the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to the angle to be detected.
(5) At the angle position to be detected, the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 emits an auxiliary light ray 11 along the axis of the electrode to project to the side face of the electrode, and simultaneously measures the side face profile of the electrode corresponding to the auxiliary light ray 11. The distance direction from the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to the electrode is the X direction, and the axis direction of the electrode is the Z direction. The profile curve is displayed on the display screen 41 of the portable detector 4 in real time, and the relative axial inclination angle theta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode in the direction and the end offset delta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode are automatically calculated.
(6) And manually adjusting the angle position of the rotating arm 3 to enable the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor 1 to rotate for a certain angle along the axis of the electrode (the angle value is acquired by the rotary encoder 5). And repeating the previous step, measuring the profile curve in the angle direction, and calculating the inclination angle of the relative axis and the offset of the electrode end part until the detection of all the required angle positions is completed.
Under the normal use condition of the embodiment, when the detection device is used for detecting the welding tongs, the angle error of the electrode is less than or equal to 0.1 degrees, the deviation error of the end part is less than or equal to 0.05mm, and the time consumed by the detection of each position is less than or equal to 5 s.
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a resistance spot welding electrode spatial state short-term test device which characterized in that: the device comprises a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1), an adjusting seat (2), a rotating arm (3), a portable detector (4), a rotary encoder (5) and a support (6), wherein the rotary encoder (5) is installed at the center of the support (6), and the rotating arm (3) is installed at the output shaft end of the support (6); a portable detector (4) is arranged on the rotating arm (3); the rotating arm (3) can drive the portable detector (4) to rotate 360 degrees around the center of the bracket (6), and the rotating arm (3) determines the rotating angle of the rotating arm through the rotary encoder (5); the upper end of the rotating arm (3) is provided with an adjusting seat (2) of a two-dimensional laser ranging sensor, and the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1) is arranged on the adjusting seat (2).
2. The rapid detection device for the spatial state of the resistance spot welding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1) is a high-precision linear profile measuring sensor, and can feed back the position of each profile point on a straight line through the time difference of laser propagation in the transmitting and receiving processes of laser.
3. The rapid detection device for the spatial state of the resistance spot welding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotary encoder (5) is a photoelectric rotary encoder and can output the rotation angle of the output shaft to the portable detector (4).
4. The rapid detection device for the spatial state of the resistance spot welding electrode according to claim 1, characterized in that: the portable detector (4) is provided with a display screen (41) and is connected with the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1) and the rotary encoder (5) through signal lines, so that the detection curve, the angle deviation and the end part transverse deviation of the electrode outline can be displayed in real time.
5. A rapid detection method of a spatial state of a resistance spot welding electrode using the rapid detection device of a spatial state of a resistance spot welding electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: comprises the following steps:
step (1), when detection is carried out, the whole set of rapid detection device for the space state of the resistance spot welding electrode is placed below a welding tongs, so that the rotation center of a support (6) is over against the electrode;
step (2), the posture of the adjusting seat (2) is adjusted left and right, so that the auxiliary light (11) emitted by the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1) is superposed with the upper electrode axis or the lower electrode axis;
step (3), rotating the rotating arm (3) to drive the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1) to a first angle position to be detected;
step (4), at the first detection angle position, the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1) emits an auxiliary light ray (11) along the axis of the electrode to be projected to the side face of the electrode, and simultaneously the side face profile of the electrode corresponding to the auxiliary light ray (11) is measured; the distance direction from the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1) to the electrode is the X direction, and the axial direction of the electrode is the Z direction; displaying an electrode side profile curve corresponding to the auxiliary light (11) on a display screen (41) of the portable detector (4) in real time, and automatically calculating the relative axis inclination angle theta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode at the current detection angle position and the end offset delta of the upper electrode and the lower electrode;
step (5), manually adjusting the angle position of the rotating arm (3) to enable the two-dimensional laser ranging sensor (1) to rotate to a second detection angle position along the electrode axis, and simultaneously obtaining an angle value by the rotary encoder (5); repeating the step (4), measuring a profile curve on a second detection angle position, and calculating a relative axis inclination angle and an electrode end offset;
and (6) repeating the step (5) until the detection of all the required angle positions is completed.
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| CN201810436136.5A CN108608104B (en) | 2018-05-09 | 2018-05-09 | Rapid detection device and method for space state of resistance spot welding electrode |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109877437B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2021-08-13 | 武汉百舸自动化工程有限责任公司 | Centering detection device and method for resistance welding gun |
| CN111397543A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-10 | 一汽奔腾轿车有限公司 | Full-automatic spot welding electrode centering detection device and detection method thereof |
| CN111347136B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2021-07-13 | 南京工程学院 | Arc welding robot tool coordinate system on-line quick calibration system and method thereof |
| CN113894399A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-01-07 | 中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司 | Non-contact detection system for space state of resistance spot welding electrode |
| CN116571861B (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-10-10 | 福建省特种设备检验研究院龙岩分院 | Online monitoring device and method for wear of spot welding electrode cap |
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