CN108604007A - The eyepiece optical system and head-wearing display device shown for nearly eye - Google Patents

The eyepiece optical system and head-wearing display device shown for nearly eye Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108604007A
CN108604007A CN201680073515.1A CN201680073515A CN108604007A CN 108604007 A CN108604007 A CN 108604007A CN 201680073515 A CN201680073515 A CN 201680073515A CN 108604007 A CN108604007 A CN 108604007A
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lens
optical system
eyepiece
optical
eyepiece optical
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CN108604007B (en
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曹鸿鹏
彭华军
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Shenzhen Ned Optics Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Ned Optics Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
    • G02B3/02—Simple or compound lenses with non-spherical faces
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B25/00—Eyepieces; Magnifying glasses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

The eyepiece optical system and head-wearing display device shown for nearly eye.Eyepiece optical system includes the first lens (L1), reflector element (P), the second lens (L2) and the third lens group (G3)；Second lens and the optical axis of the third lens group are coaxial, and perpendicular to miniature image display (I)；Second lens and the optical axis of the third lens group are coaxial with the optical axis of the first lens after reflector element reflects；The third lens group includes at least the third lens (L3)；Second lens and the third lens are optical aspherical surface face type, and the first lens are the unique lens being set between reflector element and eye-observation side；The effective focal length f of first lens11, the second lens effective focal length f21, the effective focal length f of the third lens group3With the effective focal length f of eyepiece optical systemwMeet relational expression 0.87<f11/fw<3.8、f21/fw>0.48 and f3/fw<‑0.29.This eyepiece optical system has the advantages that compact-sized, small size, high optical resolution, and head-wearing display device can be made to reach best visual experience.

Description

Eyepiece optical system for near-to-eye display and head-mounted display device Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to an eyepiece optical system for near-eye display and a head-mounted display device.
Background
The head-mounted display device guides video image light emitted by a miniature image display (such as a transmission type or reflection type liquid crystal display screen, an organic electroluminescent device and a DMD device) to pupils of a user through an optical technology, realizes virtual and enlarged images in the near-eye range of the user, provides visual and visible images, videos and character information for the user, and can be applied to scenes such as outdoor scenes, simulated driving scenes, training scenes, demonstration scenes, teaching scenes, training scenes, medical scenes, flying scenes and the like.
The eyepiece optical system is the core of the head-mounted display device, and realizes the function of displaying a miniature image in front of human eyes to form a virtual magnified image. The design of the eyepiece optical system directly influences the volume, the visual experience and other key factors of the head-mounted display device. In particular, for an optical system applied to an optical non-see-through head-mounted display device, it is required to achieve a large field of view as much as possible in the case of a small size, and to have a high optical resolution so that it can see a sufficient amount of picture details, while facilitating a long-time viewing without causing visual fatigue. However, in the related art of the existing head mounted display device that has been disclosed so far, no optical system suitable for the optical non-see-through head mounted display device has been found.
The patent US7180675B2 discloses an optical system of a viewfinder, which is composed of a positive set of optical elements and a negative set of optical elements and a catadioptric device, and the eyepiece system only realizes the display effect of an angle of view of about 18 degrees, and has serious chromatic aberration, and the chromatic aberration of C-line and F-line is larger than 0.5mm, so that the optical display effect of higher resolution cannot be realized, and the eyepiece system cannot be applied to an optical non-perspective head-mounted display device.
Patent US8531774B2 discloses an optical system of a viewfinder, which is composed of two positive lenses, one negative lens and a reflection unit, and the positive and negative lenses are placed between the eyes of an observer and the reflection unit, and the optical system can realize a 26 ° field angle, but has a short exit pupil position (<11mm) and a large size in the viewing line direction. If the optical non-perspective head-mounted display device is applied, comfortable wearing requirements of products cannot be met, optical astigmatic aberration residues are large, high-resolution optical effects are difficult to achieve due to the image quality of the edge field, and long-time comfortable visual experience is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to provide an eyepiece optical system and a head-mounted display device for near-eye display, which address the above-mentioned drawbacks of the related art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
an eyepiece optical system for near-eye display is constructed including a first lens, a reflection unit, a second lens, and a third lens group coaxially arranged in this order in an optical axis direction from a human eye observation side to a miniature image display device side; the optical axes of the second lens and the third lens are coaxial and are vertical to the miniature image display; the optical axes of the second lens and the third lens group are coaxial with the optical axis of the first lens after being reflected by the reflecting unit; the third lens group includes at least a third lens;
the second lens and the third lens are optical aspheric surface type; the first lens is the only lens arranged between the reflection unit and the observation side of human eyes; effective focal length f of the first lens11An effective focal length f of the second lens21Effective focal length f of the third lens group3And an effective focal length f of the eyepiece optical systemwSatisfies the following relations (1), (4) and (5):
0.87<f11/fw<3.8 (1)；
f21/fw>0.48 (4)；
f3/fw<-0.29 (5)。
the eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the third lens group is composed of two optical lenses, wherein the lens close to the miniature image display is a fourth lens.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the optical surface of the first lens close to the observation side of the human eye is convex to the observation direction of the human eye.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the first lens is an aspheric lens.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the reflecting unit is a sheet with a reflecting function, the sheet comprises a substrate layer and a reflection coating layer, and the substrate layer is glass, plastic or other inorganic materials.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the reflection unit is an optical prism.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the optical surface of the first lens close to the reflection unit side is a plane.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the optical surface of the second lens close to the reflection unit side is a plane.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the fourth lens is concave toward the miniature image display near the optical surface of the miniature image display.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the optical plane of the first lens is glued with the adjacent plane of the optical prism, or the optical plane of the second lens is glued with the adjacent plane of the optical prism, or the first lens, the second lens and the optical prism are glued in pairs.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the turning angle theta of the reflecting unit to the optical axis of the eyepiece optical system satisfies the following relational expression (6):
θ＝90° (6)。
the eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: effective focal length f of the first lens11Further satisfying the following relational expression (7):
1.10<f1/fw<2.45 (7)。
the eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: effective focal length f of the second lens21And an effective focal length f of the third lens group3Further satisfying the following relational expressions (10) and (11):
0.50<f21/fw<41.3 (10)；
-5.9<f3/fw<-0.35 (11)。
the eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are made of glass materials or plastic materials.
The eyepiece optical system according to the present invention, wherein: and a PBS prism or a thin sheet type PBS is arranged between the third lens group and the miniature image display along the direction of the optical axis.
The present invention also provides another head-mounted display device including a miniature image display unit and an eyepiece positioned between a human eye and the miniature image display unit, wherein: the eyepiece is the eyepiece optical system of any one of the preceding.
The head-mounted display device of the invention, wherein the miniature image display is an organic electroluminescent light-emitting device or a transmission type liquid crystal display or a reflection type liquid crystal display.
The head-mounted display device according to the present invention is a head-mounted display device in which diopter is adjusted by adjusting a distance between the microdisplay and the eyepiece optical system in the optical axis direction.
The head-mounted display device is a binocular head-mounted display device comprising two identical eyepiece optical systems.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the eyepiece optical system has the advantages of compact structure, small size, high optical resolution and the like, and the diameter of an exit pupil is larger than that of a common eyepiece; the eyepiece optical system can adopt the matching use of a spherical lens and an aspherical lens, and the combination use of optical plastics and optical glass, so that the aberration of the system is greatly eliminated on the basis of reducing the manufacturing cost and the product weight, and particularly, optical indexes such as low distortion, low chromatic aberration, low curvature of field, low astigmatism and the like are simultaneously realized, so that an observer can watch a full-picture large-amplitude picture with high definition, no distortion and uniform image quality through the eyepiece optical system, and the optimal visual experience is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, wherein the drawings in the following description are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without inventive efforts according to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is an optical path diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a dot-column diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3a is a field curvature diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 3b is a distortion curve diagram of the eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an optical path diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a dot-column diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6a is a field curvature diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, and FIG. 6b is a distortion curve diagram of the eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is an optical path diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a dot-column diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 9a is a field curvature diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, and FIG. 9b is a distortion curve diagram of the eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 3 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is an optical path diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a dot-column diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 12a is a field curvature diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 4 of the present invention, and fig. 12b is a distortion curve diagram of the eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
fig. 13 is an optical path diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a dot-column diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;
fig. 15a is a field curvature diagram of an eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 5 of the present invention, and fig. 15b is a distortion curve diagram of the eyepiece optical system according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
The eyepiece optical system for near-eye display of the embodiment of the invention comprises a first lens, a reflecting unit, a second lens and a third lens group which are coaxially and sequentially arranged along the direction of an optical axis from the observation side of a human eye to the side of a miniature image display device; the optical axes of the second lens and the third lens are coaxial and are vertical to the miniature image display; the optical axes of the second lens and the third lens group are coaxial with the optical axis of the first lens after being reflected by the reflecting unit; the third lens group includes at least a third lens; the second lens and the third lens are optical aspheric surface type; the first lens is the only lens arranged between the reflection unit and the observation side of human eyes; effective focal length f of the first lens11And the effective focal length fw of the eyepiece optical system satisfy the following relational expression (1):
0.87<f11/fw<3.8 (1)。
wherein f is11/fwValues of (a) may be 1.05, 2.66, 1.21, 3.80, 1.35, 0.87, 1.39, 1.47, 1.21, 1.54, 1.45, 1.88, 1.29, 1.25, 1.20, 1.14, 1.21, 1.15, 1.17, 1.25, 1.13, 1.67.
Further, the effective focal length f of the second lens21Effective focal length f of the third lens group3And effective focal length f of eyepiece optical systemwSatisfies the following relational expressions (4) and (5):
f21/fw>0.48 (4)；
f3/fw<-0.29 (5)。
wherein f is21/fwCan be 0.48, 41.30, 0.50, 0.56, 1.12, 0.56; f. of3/fwThe value of (b) can be-7.48, -3.21, -0.29, -5.90, -0.34, -0.40, -0.69, -0.43.
In the above relational expressions (4) and (5), f21/fwAnd f3/fwThe value range of (A) is closely related to the correction of system aberration, the processing difficulty of the optical element and the sensitivity of the assembling deviation of the optical element, so that the system aberration can be fully corrected, thereby realizing excellent optical effect and improving the processability of the optical element in the system.
As shown in fig. 1, a first lens L1, a prism P, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3 are coaxially arranged in this order in the optical axis direction from the human eye observation side to the miniature image display device side. The optical surface near the stop E is numbered 1 and so on (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 from left to right), the display I surface is 13 and the reflector reflective surface is R. The light emitted from the miniature image display enters human eyes after passing through the third lens, the second lens, the reflecting unit and the first lens in sequence.
In the above embodiment, since only one first lens having a focal length satisfying the above relation (1) is disposed between the reflection unit and the observation side of human eyes, the overall size of the eyepiece optical system can be reduced to achieve the maximum field angle with the same size, and when the reflection unit is an optical prism, the reflection unit can be glued or integrally formed with the prism, thereby greatly reducing the difficulty of production and assembly and the complexity of structural design.
Meanwhile, by using the second lens and the third lens of the optical aspherical surface type, distortion of the system is corrected well.
Compared with the technical schemes of the patents with the publication numbers of US7180675B2 and US8531774B2, the eyepiece optical system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the effective field angle of the system is increased and the size of the system is controlled to a great extent through the combined design of the first positive lens and the reflecting unit, the aberration of the system is well corrected through the matching design of the second lens and the third lens group and the design application of an optical aspheric surface type, the effective field angle of 24-30 degrees can be realized, the chromatic aberration of the full frames C-line and F-line is smaller than 0.08mm, the optical performances of compact structure, large field angle, high optical resolution, low distortion and the like of the system are realized, and the long-time comfortable viewing is facilitated.
In a further embodiment of the eyepiece optical system, the optical surface of the second lens close to the miniature image display is concave towards the miniature image display, so that the size of the eyepiece optical system can be further reduced, the image quality of the system is improved, distortion is corrected, aberrations such as astigmatism, field curvature and the like of the system are improved, and the eyepiece optical system is favorable for realizing a high-resolution optical effect of uniform image quality of a full picture.
In a further embodiment of the eyepiece optical system, the third lens group is composed of two optical lenses, and further includes a fourth lens close to the miniature image display, and curvature of field and astigmatism can be better corrected by using the fourth lens, which is beneficial to realizing a larger field angle and higher optical resolution.
Preferably, in the embodiment of the eyepiece optical system, the fourth lens is concave toward the miniature image display near the optical surface of the miniature image display, so that the overall size of the eyepiece optical system is effectively reduced, the image quality of the system is improved, distortion is corrected, aberrations such as astigmatism and field curvature of the system are improved, and the eyepiece optical system is favorable for realizing a high-resolution optical effect of uniform image quality of a full picture.
In a further embodiment of the eyepiece optical system, the optical surface of the first lens, which is close to the observation side of the human eye, protrudes towards the observation direction of the human eye, so that the size of the optical system is reduced more favorably, the maximum field angle can be achieved under the condition of the same size, the image quality of the system is improved, the aberrations such as astigmatism, field curvature and the like of the system are improved, and the eyepiece optical system is favorable for realizing a high-resolution optical effect of a full-picture uniform image quality.
In a further eyepiece optical system embodiment, the first lens is an aspheric lens. The expression of the aspherical surface is formula (a):
wherein z is the rise of the optical surface, c is the curvature at the vertex of the aspheric surface, k is the aspheric coefficient, α 2,4,6 … are coefficients of each order, and r is the distance coordinate from a point on the surface to the optical axis of the lens system.
In the embodiment of the eyepiece optical system, the reflecting unit is a sheet with a reflecting function, the sheet comprises a substrate layer and a reflective coating layer, and the substrate layer is made of glass, plastic or other inorganic materials, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced, and the total weight of the system can be reduced.
In the embodiment of the eyepiece optical system, the reflection unit adopts the optical prism, so that the aberration performance of the optical system can be better corrected.
Preferably, in the eyepiece optical system embodiment described above, an optical surface of the first lens on the side close to the reflection unit is a plane; the optical surface of the second lens on the side close to the reflection unit is a plane.
Preferably, in the above eyepiece optical system embodiment, the optical plane of the first lens is cemented with the adjacent plane of the optical prism, or the optical plane of the second lens is cemented with the adjacent plane of the optical prism, or the first lens, the second lens and the optical prism are cemented two by two.
In the embodiment of the eyepiece optical system described above, the turning angle θ of the reflection unit to the optical axis of the eyepiece optical system may be any angle from 0 to 180 °. Preferably, the inflected angle θ of the reflection unit to the optical axis of the eyepiece optical system satisfies the following relational expression (6):
θ＝90° (6)。
preferably, in the above-described embodiment of the eyepiece optical system, the first lens is a lens having a first refractive indexEffective focal length f of the lens11Further satisfying the following relational expression (7):
1.10<f11/fw<2.45 (7)。
wherein f is11/fwThe value of (a) may be 1.10, 1.22, 1.36, 0.89, 1.49, 1.47, 1.21, 1.54, 1.45, 1.88, 1.29, 1.25, 1.20, 1.14, 1.67, 2.10, 2.21, 2.32, 2.45.
In the above relational expression (7), f11/fwThe value range of (A) is closely related to the correction of system aberration, the processing difficulty of the optical element and the sensitivity of the assembling deviation of the optical element, so that the system aberration can be fully corrected, thereby realizing excellent optical effect and improving the processability of the optical element in the system.
In the above relational expressions (10) and (11), f21/fwAnd f3/fwThe value range of (A) is closely related to the correction of system aberration, the processing difficulty of the optical element and the sensitivity of the assembling deviation of the optical element, so that the system aberration can be fully corrected, thereby realizing excellent optical effect and improving the processability of the optical element in the system.
Preferably, in the eyepiece optical system embodiment described above, the effective focal length f of the second lens is smaller than the effective focal length f of the first lens21And effective focal length f of the third lens group3Further satisfying the following relational expressions (10) and (11):
0.50<f21/fw<41.3 (10)；
-5.9<f3/fw<-0.35 (11)。
wherein f is21/fwCan be 0.50, 0.67, 0.87, 0.94, 1.23, 1.57, 2.39, 3.54, 12.34, 41.3; f. of3/fwThe value of (A) can be-5.9, -4.35, -3.10, -2.57, -1.35, -0.35.
In the above relational expressions (10) and (11), f21/fwAnd f3/fwThe value range of (A) has close sensitivity to the correction of system aberration, the processing difficulty of optical elements and the assembling deviation of the optical elementsIn this connection, system aberrations are sufficiently corrected, so that a good optical effect is achieved and the workability of optical elements in the system is improved.
Preferably, in the eyepiece optical system embodiment, the material of the first lens, the second lens, and the third lens is a glass material or a plastic material.
In a further embodiment, when the miniature image display is a Liquid Crystal On Silicon (LCOS) display, a PBS (polarization Beam splitter) prism or a sheet-type PBS is disposed between the third lens group and the miniature image display along the optical axis, and is used in cooperation with the LED light source to provide illumination for the LCOS display.
The invention is further described with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the optical path diagrams of the embodiments described below, light emitted from the miniature image display enters human eyes after passing through the third lens, the second lens, the reflection unit and the first lens in this order. The diaphragm E can be an exit pupil imaged by the ocular optical system and is a virtual light exit aperture, and when the pupil of the human eye is at the diaphragm position, the optimal imaging effect can be observed. The dot diagrams provided in the following embodiments reflect the imaging geometry of the optical system, ignore diffraction effects, and can simultaneously contain multiple fields of view and multiple wavelengths of light, as represented by a diffuse spot formed by focusing a cross section of an image plane with a specified field of view and a specified wavelength of light. Therefore, the imaging quality of the optical system can be intuitively measured through the density and the shape size of the scattered spots of the dot-array chart, the chromatic aberration of the optical system can be intuitively measured through the dislocation degree of the scattered spots of different wavelengths of the dot-array chart, and the smaller the RMS (root mean square) radius of the dot-array chart is, the higher the imaging quality of the optical system is.
Example 1: the optical path structure of the eyepiece optical system is schematically shown in fig. 1, and includes a first lens L1, a prism P, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3, which are coaxially arranged in this order in the optical axis direction from the human eye observation side to the miniature image display device side. The number of the optical surface close to the diaphragm E is 1, and so on (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 from left to right), the surface of the display I is 13, and the reflecting surface of the reflecting unit is R. The first lens L1 is a plano-convex positive lens, the second lens L2 is a biconvex positive lens, and the third lens L3 is a biconcave negative lens. The optical structure can fully correct system aberration such as distortion, chromatic aberration and field curvature, and provides enough positive focal power under the condition of ensuring small volume, and the angle of field reaches 28 degrees.
Table 1 example 1 list of optical system parameters
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dot-column diagram of the eyepiece optical system of this embodiment, and it can be seen that the diffuse spot radius of each field light in the image plane (display device I) is small and uniform, the diffuse spot dislocation degree formed by focusing different wavelength lights in the same field is low, the aberration of the optical system is well corrected, and a display image with overall uniformity and high optical performance can be observed through the eyepiece optical system.
Fig. 3(a) and 3(b) show the curvature of field and the distortion curve of the eyepiece according to the present embodiment, respectively, which characterize the large field of view and the high imaging quality of the optical system of the present embodiment.
Example 2: the schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the eyepiece optical system is shown in fig. 4, and includes a first lens L1, a prism P, a second lens L2, and a third lens L3, which are coaxially arranged in this order in the optical axis direction from the human eye observation side to the miniature image display device side. The number of the optical surface close to the diaphragm E is 1, and so on (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8 from left to right), the surface of the display I is 13, and the reflecting surface of the reflecting unit is R. The first lens L1 is a plano-convex positive lens, the second lens L2 is a plano-convex positive lens, and the third lens L3 is a biconcave negative lens, in which the first lens L1 is cemented with a prism P cemented with the second lens L2. The optical structure can fully correct the aberration such as distortion, chromatic aberration, field curvature and the like of a system, and provides enough positive focal power under the condition of ensuring small volume, and the angle of view reaches 26 degrees.
Table 2 example 2 list of optical system parameters
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dot-column diagram of the eyepiece optical system of this embodiment, and it can be seen that the diffuse spot radius of each field light in the image plane (display device I) is small and uniform, the diffuse spot dislocation degree formed by focusing different wavelength lights in the same field is low, the aberration of the optical system is well corrected, and a display image with overall uniformity and high optical performance can be observed through the eyepiece optical system.
Fig. 6(a) and 6(b) show the curvature of field and the distortion curve of the eyepiece according to the present embodiment, respectively, which characterize the large field of view and the high imaging quality of the optical system of the present embodiment.
Example 3: the optical path structure of the eyepiece optical system is schematically shown in fig. 7, and includes a first lens L1, a prism P, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4, which are coaxially arranged in this order from the human eye observation side to the miniature image display device side in the optical axis direction. The number of the optical surface close to the diaphragm E is 1, and so on (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 from left to right), the surface of the display I is 13, and the reflecting surface of the reflecting unit is R. The first lens L1 is a plano-convex positive lens, the second lens L2 is a biconvex positive lens, the third lens L3 is a biconcave negative lens, and the fourth lens L4 is a meniscus negative lens. The optical structure can fully correct system aberration such as distortion, chromatic aberration and field curvature, and provides enough positive focal power under the condition of ensuring small volume, and the angle of field reaches 29 degrees.
Table 3 example 3 list of optical system parameters
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a dot-column diagram of the eyepiece optical system of this embodiment, and it can be seen that the diffuse spot radius of each field light in the image plane (display device I) is small and uniform, the diffuse spot dislocation degree formed by focusing different wavelength lights in the same field is low, the aberration of the optical system is well corrected, and a display image with overall uniformity and high optical performance can be observed through the eyepiece optical system.
Fig. 9(a) and 9(b) show the curvature of field and the distortion curve of the eyepiece according to the present embodiment, respectively, which characterize the large field of view and the high imaging quality of the optical system of the present embodiment.
Example 4: the optical path structure of the eyepiece optical system is schematically shown in fig. 10, and includes a first lens L1, a prism P, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4, which are coaxially arranged in this order from the human eye observation side to the miniature image display device side in the optical axis direction. The number of the optical surface close to the diaphragm E is 1, and so on (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 from left to right), the surface of the display I is 13, and the reflecting surface of the reflecting unit is R. The first lens L1 is a plano-convex positive lens, the second lens L2 is a meniscus positive lens, the third lens L3 is a biconvex positive lens, and the fourth lens L4 is a biconcave negative lens. The optical structure sufficiently corrects aberration such as distortion, chromatic aberration and field curvature of a system, and provides enough positive focal power under the condition of ensuring small volume, and the angle of field reaches 29 degrees.
Table 4 example 4 list of optical system parameters
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a dot-column diagram of the eyepiece optical system of this embodiment, and it can be seen that the diffuse spot radius of each field of view light on the image plane (display device I) is small and uniform, the diffuse spot dislocation degree formed by focusing different wavelength light in the same field of view is low, the aberration of the optical system is well corrected, and a display image with overall uniformity and high optical performance can be observed through the eyepiece optical system.
Fig. 12(a) and 12(b) show the curvature of field and the distortion curve of the eyepiece according to the present embodiment, respectively, which characterize the large field of view and the high imaging quality of the optical system of the present embodiment.
Example 5: the optical path structure of the eyepiece optical system is schematically shown in fig. 13, and includes a first lens L1, a prism P, a second lens L2, a third lens L3, and a fourth lens L4, which are coaxially arranged in this order from the human eye observation side to the miniature image display device side in the optical axis direction. The number of the optical surface close to the diaphragm E is 1, and so on (2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 from left to right), the surface of the display I is 13, and the reflecting surface of the reflecting unit is R. The first lens L1 is a plano-convex positive lens, the second lens L2 is a biconvex positive lens, the third lens L3 is a biconcave negative lens, and the fourth lens L4 is a meniscus positive lens. The optical structure can fully correct aberrations such as distortion, chromatic aberration, field curvature and the like of a system, and provides enough positive focal power under the condition of ensuring small volume, and the angle of field reaches 29 degrees.
Table 5 example 5 list of optical system parameters
Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a dot-column diagram of the eyepiece optical system of this embodiment, and it can be seen that the diffuse spot radius of each field of view light on the image plane (display device I) is small and uniform, the diffuse spot dislocation degree formed by focusing different wavelength light in the same field of view is low, the aberration of the optical system is well corrected, and a display image with overall uniformity and high optical performance can be observed through the eyepiece optical system.
Fig. 15(a) and 15(b) show the curvature of field and the distortion curve of the eyepiece according to the present embodiment, respectively, which characterize the large field of view and the high imaging quality of the optical system of the present embodiment.
The data of the above examples 1-5 all meet the parameter requirements recorded in the summary of the invention, and the results are shown in the following table 6:
table 6 examples 1-5 optical system parameter values
f11/fw f21/fw f3/fw f31/fw
Example 1 1.13 0.56 -0.43 -0.43
Example 2 0.87 0.61 -0.36 -0.36
Example 3 1.15 0.50 -0.34 -0.47
Example 4 1.21 41.30 -5.90 0.62
Example 5 1.17 0.56 -0.40 -0.38
In further examples 6-10, optical systems having the parameters shown in table 7 below were provided:
table 7 examples 6-10 optical system parameter values
f11/fw f21/fw f3/fw f31/fw
Example 6 3.80 0.48 -0.33 -0.40
Example 7 2.12 0.53 -0.29 0.72
Example 8 1.72 1.05 -0.98 -0.72
Example 9 1.25 3.88 -1.65 -0.58
Example 10 1.32 0.66 -0.47 -0.72
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided another head-mounted display device including a miniature image display unit and an eyepiece positioned between a human eye and the miniature image display unit, wherein: the eyepiece is the eyepiece optical system of any one of the preceding embodiments.
Preferably, the miniature image display is an organic electroluminescent light emitting device or a transmissive liquid crystal display or a reflective liquid crystal display.
Preferably, the head-mounted display device adjusts the diopter by adjusting the distance between the microdisplay and the eyepiece optical system in the optical axis direction.
Preferably, the head mounted display device is a binocular head mounted display device including two identical eyepiece optical systems described above.
In summary, the eyepiece optical system of the above embodiments of the present invention has the advantages of compact structure, small size, high optical resolution, etc., and the diameter of the exit pupil is larger than that of a general eyepiece; the eyepiece optical system can adopt the matching use of a spherical lens and an aspherical lens, and the combination use of optical plastics and optical glass, so that the aberration of the system is greatly eliminated on the basis of reducing the manufacturing cost and the product weight, and particularly, optical indexes such as low distortion, low chromatic aberration, low curvature of field, low astigmatism and the like are simultaneously realized, so that an observer can watch a full-picture large-amplitude picture with high definition, no distortion and uniform image quality through the eyepiece optical system, and the optimal visual experience is achieved.
It will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (19)

  1. An eyepiece optical system for near-eye display, comprising a first lens, a reflection unit, a second lens, and a third lens group coaxially arranged in this order in an optical axis direction from a human eye observation side to a miniature image display device side; the optical axes of the second lens and the third lens are coaxial and are vertical to the miniature image display; the optical axes of the second lens and the third lens group are coaxial with the optical axis of the first lens after being reflected by the reflecting unit; the third lens group includes at least a third lens;
    the second lens and the third lens are optical aspheric surface type, and the first lens is the only lens arranged between the reflection unit and the observation side of human eyes;
    effective focal length f of the first lens11An effective focal length f of the second lens21Effective focal length f of the third lens group3And the ocular optical systemEffective focal length f of systemwSatisfies the following relations (1), (4) and (5):
    0.87<f11/fw<3.8 (1)；
    f21/fw>0.48 (4)；
    f3/fw<-0.29 (5)。
  2. the eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: the third lens group further includes a fourth lens adjacent to the miniature image display.
  3. The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: the optical surface of the first lens close to the observation side of the human eye is convex to the observation direction of the human eye.
  4. The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: the first lens is an aspheric lens.
  5. The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: the reflecting unit is a sheet with a reflecting function, the sheet comprises a substrate layer and a reflection coating layer, and the substrate layer is glass, plastic or other inorganic materials.
  6. The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: the reflection unit is an optical prism.
  7. The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: the optical surface of the first lens close to the reflection unit side is a plane.
  8. The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: the optical surface of the second lens close to the reflection unit side is a plane.
  9. The eyepiece optical system of claim 2, wherein: the fourth lens is concave toward the miniature image display near the optical surface of the miniature image display.
  10. An eyepiece optical system as recited in claim 6, 7 or 8 wherein: the optical plane of the first lens is glued with the adjacent plane of the optical prism, or the optical plane of the second lens is glued with the adjacent plane of the optical prism, or the first lens, the second lens and the optical prism are glued in pairs.
  11. Eyepiece optical system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: the turning angle theta of the reflecting unit to the optical axis of the eyepiece optical system satisfies the following relational expression (6):
    θ＝90° (6)。
  12. the eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: effective focal length f of the first lens11Further satisfying the following relational expression (7):
    1.10<f11/fw<2.45 (7)。
  13. the eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: effective focal length f of the second lens21And an effective focal length f of the third lens group3Further satisfying the following relational expressions (10) and (11):
    0.50<f21/fw<41.3 (10)；
    -5.9<f3/fw<-0.35 (11)。
  14. the eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: the first lens, the second lens and the third lens are made of glass materials or plastic materials.
  15. The eyepiece optical system of claim 1, wherein: and a PBS prism or a thin sheet type PBS is arranged between the third lens group and the miniature image display along the direction of the optical axis.
  16. A head-mounted display device comprising a miniature image display unit and an eyepiece, the eyepiece being located between the human eye and the miniature image display unit, characterized in that: the eyepiece is the eyepiece optical system of any one of claims 1 to 15.
  17. The head-mounted display device of claim 16, wherein the miniature image display is an organic electroluminescent light emitting device or a transmissive liquid crystal display or a reflective liquid crystal display.
  18. The head-mounted display device according to claim 17, wherein the head-mounted display device adjusts the diopter by adjusting a distance between the microdisplay and the eyepiece optical system in the optical axis direction.
  19. The head-mounted display device according to claim 18, wherein the head-mounted display device is a binocular head-mounted display device including two identical eyepiece optical systems.
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