CN108599871A - A kind of underwater acoustic communication method and system based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology - Google Patents

A kind of underwater acoustic communication method and system based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology Download PDF

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CN108599871A
CN108599871A CN201810424724.7A CN201810424724A CN108599871A CN 108599871 A CN108599871 A CN 108599871A CN 201810424724 A CN201810424724 A CN 201810424724A CN 108599871 A CN108599871 A CN 108599871A
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array
signal
oam
sound
acoustic
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CN108599871B (en
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张晗
杨军
毕宏振
王目光
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Institute of Acoustics CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B11/00Transmission systems employing sonic, ultrasonic or infrasonic waves
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B13/00Transmission systems characterised by the medium used for transmission, not provided for in groups H04B3/00 - H04B11/00
    • H04B13/02Transmission systems in which the medium consists of the earth or a large mass of water thereon, e.g. earth telegraphy

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of underwater acoustic communication method and system based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology, including:Each array element into acoustic source array applies pumping signal;The pumping signal is modulated in every sub-channels, to obtain the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information in per sub-channels;Channel multiplexing is carried out to the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information, driving acoustic source array generates the OAM spiral sound fields after channel multiplexing;The OAM spirals acoustic field signal is received, and the signal to receiving carries out demultiplexing process, to obtain the subchannel information loaded on each independent OAM topological charges;Information after demultiplexing is demodulated, the original figure baseband signal is obtained.The channel capacity and transmission rate of the communications based on underwater sound wave greatly improved in the method.

Description

A kind of underwater acoustic communication method and system based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology
Technical field
This application involves technical field of underwater acoustic communication more particularly to a kind of underwater sound based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology are logical Believe method and system.
Background technology
Ocean possesses wide space and a large amount of resource, while the variation of marine environment again makes the property safety of the mankind At huge threat, the monitoring and warning of the development and utilization of marine resources and marine environment is be unable to do without reliable in real time underwater logical Letter technology, however due to electromagnetism or light wave intrinsic high loss characteristic in water, cause it to be difficult to as carrying out in air Remote high-speed communication, for the energy forms of radiation being currently known, the decaying of sound wave in water is smaller, is that underwater wireless is logical The optimum carrier of letter.
But since the decaying of sound wave in water is proportionate with frequency of sound wave, high frequency sound wave is difficult to carry out long range biography It broadcasts, and low-frequency sound wave causes message capacity to be difficult to improve since its frequency band is relatively low, therefore, in order to take into account long communication distance simultaneously With high traffic rate, the research method in electromagnetic communication field is used for reference, water sound communication technique starts to use some advanced modulation formats Such as multi-system digital amplitude modulation (MASK), multi-system digital frequency modulation (MFSK), multi-system digital phase modulation (MPSK). Due to the intrinsic low frequency obstacle of underwater sound long range communication, and its available frequency range is again extremely limited, causes advanced even if using Modulation format, traffic rate cannot still far reach requirement, so channel capacity must be improved in conjunction with multi-channel Technology, Such as the orthogonal frequency division multiplexi (OFDM) currently studied, still because the transmission signal of OFDM be by it is many mutually just Transmission signal on orthogonal sub-carrier is formed by stacking, so ofdm system is easy to be interfered by Doppler shift, and due to The long low frequency and narrow bandwidth intrinsic away from underwater sound communication extends the deadline system, and causing can the available number of subcarriers of OFDM be very in communications band It is limited.
Invention content
In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology and is System provides information transmission multiplex mode, and combine binary system by using the novel degree of freedom of sound wave orbital angular momentum (OAM) The advanced modulation formats of (OOK) are modulated in amplitude-shift keying, greatly improve the channel capacity and biography of the communications based on underwater sound wave Defeated rate.
The first aspect of the present invention provides a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology, including: Each array element into acoustic source array applies pumping signal;The pumping signal is modulated in every sub-channels, to obtain Obtain the modulated element drive signal that baseband digital information is carried in per sub-channels;Base-band digital letter is carried to described The modulated element drive signal of breath carries out channel multiplexing, and driving acoustic source array generates the OAM spiral sound fields after channel multiplexing; The OAM spirals acoustic field signal is received, and the signal to receiving carries out demultiplexing process, to obtain each independent OAM topologys The subchannel information loaded on lotus;Information after demultiplexing is demodulated, the original figure baseband signal is obtained.
Further, the acoustic source array has n independent drivable array element, and it is one that the array element, which is distributed in radius, On the circumference of wave length of sound, wherein n >=3.
Further, the pumping signal that each array element is applied is:
Ui(t)=Aexp [i (2 π ft+l θi)],
Wherein, A is sonic wave amplitude, and l is topological charge number,For the angle clockwise of each array element and reference array element, n is Independent drivable array number, i are the array element label of clock-wise order on acoustic source array, and wherein i=0,1,2 ..., n-1, t are Time.
Further, described to be per the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information in sub-channels:
Ui s(t)=S (t) Ui(t)=S (t) Aexp [i (2 π ft+l θi)],
Wherein, S (t) is baseband digital information.
Further, when the channel quantity of multiplexing is R, the element drive signal of i-th of array element of acoustic source array is:
Wherein, A is sonic wave amplitude,For the angle clockwise of each array element and reference array element, n is only on acoustic source array Drivable array number is found, i is the array element label of clock-wise order, and wherein i=0,1,2 ..., n-1, t are time, topological charge Several l=+1 ,+2 ,+3 ... ,+R.
Further, described to receive the OAM spirals acoustic field signal, and the signal to receiving carries out demultiplexing process, Further comprise:By the OAM spiral sound field data received and the OAM topological charge numbers that prestore receiving terminal independent sound field data Carry out inner product operation, according to OAM spirals sound field in each substrate sound field correlation, OAM multiplexed signals is demultiplexed.
Further, the modulation and demodulation are realized using binary system amplitude-shift keying (OOK) method.
The second aspect of the present invention provides a kind of underwater sound communication system based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology, including: Apply the module of pumping signal for each array element into acoustic source array;For in every sub-channels to the pumping signal It is modulated, to obtain the module for the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information in per sub-channels;With In carrying out channel multiplexing to the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information, driving acoustic source array generates The module of OAM spiral sound fields after channel multiplexing;For receiving the OAM spirals acoustic field signal, and the signal to receiving into Row demultiplexing process, to obtain the module of the subchannel information loaded on each independent OAM topological charges;After to demultiplexing Information is demodulated, and the module of the original figure baseband signal is obtained.
The third aspect of the present invention provides a kind of underwater sound communication system, including:
Sound source processor applies pumping signal, to institute in every sub-channels for each array element into acoustic source array It states pumping signal to be modulated, to obtain the modulated array element driving letter for carrying baseband digital information in per sub-channels Number, channel multiplexing, driving acoustic source array production are carried out to the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information OAM spiral sound fields after raw channel multiplexing;
Acoustic source array,
Sound field receiving array,
Receiving terminal processor, for carrying out demultiplexing use to the OAM spirals acoustic field signal that sound field receiving array receives Reason to obtain the subchannel information loaded on each independent OAM topological charges, and demodulates the information after demultiplexing, obtains The original figure baseband signal.
Further, the acoustic source array has n independent drivable array element, and it is one that the array element, which is distributed in radius, On the circumference of wave length of sound, wherein n >=3.
Underwater acoustic communication method and system provided by the invention based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology, with acoustics track angular motion It measures degree of freedom and carries out channel multiplexing, and binary system amplitude-shift keying is combined to modulate (OOK) technology, greatly improve based on underwater sound wave The channel capacity and transmission rate of communications.
Description of the drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by the picture in corresponding attached drawing, these exemplary theorys The bright restriction not constituted to embodiment, the element with same reference numbers label is expressed as similar element in attached drawing, removes Non- to have special statement, composition does not limit the figure in attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the wave surface form schematic diagram of the asynchronous vortex wave beams of topological charge number l of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for the underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides;
Fig. 3 is the distribution map of 20 energy converters of acoustic source array in the present invention the 1st, 2,3 embodiments;
Fig. 4 is that the underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology transmits video letter in one embodiment of the invention Number schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is the composite structural diagram for the underwater sound communication system that third embodiment of the invention provides.
Specific implementation mode
The exemplary embodiment of the application is more fully described below with reference to accompanying drawings.Although showing the application in attached drawing Exemplary embodiment, it being understood, however, that may be realized in various forms the disclosure without should be by embodiments set forth here It is limited.On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to facilitate a more thoroughly understanding of the present invention, and can be by the scope of the present disclosure Completely it is communicated to those skilled in the art.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment proposes a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology, is used as example In the real-time Transmission of video image.
Sound rotational field with helical phase can carry orbital angular momentum, and in rotational field, sound wave can travel across It is reversed along its axis in journey, forms the form of similar gimlet, be the asynchronous vortex waves of topological charge number l referring specifically to Fig. 1 The wave surface form schematic diagram of beam.This torsion can cause cancelling one another out for axis upper ripple, and generating one has in zero strength The heart.If vortex acoustic beam is projected on a flat surfaces, sound vortex seems will be as a ring, and there are one at center not to have There is " black " region of acoustic pressure.Spiral variation relation, number is presented about its null field strong center in the propagation phase of vortex acoustic beam E can be write on learningilθ, wherein θ is azimuth size, and l perseverances are integer, the referred to as exponent number of topological charge number or rotational field, are defined as The number that wave surface twists in the propagation distance of one wavelength.As l=0, spiral wave mode is not present, wave surface is more A discontinuous plane, it is plane-wave field that rotational field, which is degenerated,.The wave surface of the vortex wave beam of l=± 1 is a continuous spiral Face, along the unlimited continuation in the direction of propagation.And work as | l | when >=2, wave surface constitutes the helicoid being interweaved by l.| l | value It is bigger, indicate that wave surface rotates faster along axis, its torsional direction of the positive negative indication of l.More message capacities of topological charge It is bigger, do not have the upper limit theoretically, but be actually limited to physics realization.This angular momentum dependent on helicon wave front belongs to track Angular momentum (OAM).
Since the sound vortex beam with different OAM topological charge numbers is each other with orthogonality, transmitted by each OAM acoustic beams Information keep independent each other, therefore can will carry the acoustics rotational field of OAM as one group of independent information encoding-decoding basic vector Carry out signal transmission, the acoustics rotational field of different topology lotus number represents the different channels that aliasing will not occur, and due to OAM with Traditional multiplexing degree of freedom such as frequency, phase, amplitude etc. is mutually orthogonal, it ensure that can profit OAM be used as independently of biography The new degree of freedom of system technology is easily compatible with the merging of existing multiplex transmission system.Spiral wave beam with OAM can To constitute infinite dimensional Hilbert space, therefore theoretically same carrier frequency is multiplexed available infinite transmittability using OAM.
Specifically, referring to Fig. 2, underwater acoustic communication method includes the following steps by taking transmission of video as an example:
Step S101:Each array element into acoustic source array applies pumping signal;
According to the formation mechanism of OAM vortex sound fields, emission sound source array is designed, to motivate the whirlpool of pure high stability Revolve sound field.First according to distance and reliability standard, such as communication speed, the bit error rate of required video communication etc., one is selected Higher usable frequency f, wavelength correspond toWherein, c is the velocity of sound in water.N sound source energy converter is equably divided It is distributed on the circumference that radius is a wave length of sound λ, by taking Fig. 3 as an example, n 20, usual n are more than 2, and each sound source energy converter is claimed For an array element, and corresponding independent driving electric signal waveform is designed to each array element, after controlling each array element excitation sound wave Form the helical phase distribution of corresponding topological charge number.It is reference array element, Mei Gezhen to choose a certain array element on emission sound source array The pumping signal applied in member namely unmodulated OAM obey following formula:
Ui(t)=Aexp [i (2 π ft+l θi)]
Wherein, A is sonic wave amplitude, and l is topological charge number,For the angle clockwise of each array element and reference array element, n is Independent drivable array number, i are the array element label of clock-wise order on acoustic source array, and wherein i=0,1,2 ..., n-1, t are Time.
Step S102:The pumping signal is modulated in every sub-channels, is carried with obtaining in per sub-channels There is the modulated element drive signal of baseband digital information;
Referring to Fig. 4, the total bandwidth for being used for transmission channel is divided into several sub-bands (or subchannel), each height 1 road signal of transmission modulates OAM sound of the OOK technologies to assigned frequency in every sub-channels planted agent with binary system amplitude-shift keying Carrier wave (array element generates after being applied in pumping signal) carries out modulates information, obtains the sound source battle array of the modulated OAM sound carriers of individual channel Each element drive signal form of row.Specifically, 8 bit of each pixel are multiplied with each rank OAM sound carriers respectively, at this point, The modulated signal for carrying baseband digital information S (t) is
Ui s(t)=S (t) Ui(t)=S (t) Aexp [i (2 π ft+l θi)],
Wherein, S (t) is baseband digital information, indicates the video binary data to be transmitted.
Step S103:Channel multiplexing is carried out to the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information, Acoustic source array is driven to generate the OAM spiral sound fields after channel multiplexing;
The formal channel multiplexing of signal processing is carried out before driving to each subchannel, obtains each drive after channel multiplexing The electric signal waveform of dynamic array element, referring to Fig. 4, by taking transmitting video data as an example, the most common situation of video data is the present embodiment One pixel data includes 8 bit, it is therefore desirable to have 8 OAM subchannels to carry information, be carried out to 8 OAM subchannels Modulated 8 groups of signals, i.e., be added by multiplexing in each driving, generates multiplexed 20 drive signals, more specifically, figure One pixel gray value of the video frame in 4 is 155, i.e. 8 binary systems are 10011011, then when being multiplexed, will+1 ,+4 ,+5, The pumping signal of 20 array elements of+7 ,+8 rank OAM, which corresponds to, to be added, and multiplexed signals is obtained.Phased-array technique is applied to generate later more Channel parallel drive signal, driving integral sound source array excite multiplexed OAM spirals sound field.The mathematical table of above-mentioned multiplex process It is up to formula:
Wherein, topological charge number l=+1 ,+2 ,+3 ... ,+8, Ui MUX(t) it is i-th of array element of emission sound source array plane Multiplexed pumping signal.
Step S104:The OAM spirals acoustic field signal is received, and the signal to receiving carries out demultiplexing process, to obtain Obtain the subchannel information loaded on each independent OAM topological charges;
Specifically, according to the type of propagation medium, the microphone array of appropriate resolution ratio (number for receiving array element) is selected Row/hydrophone array is as sound field receiving array.The sound field receiving array can be identical with acoustic source array, can also be different, Either circular array, and can be square formation.The number more multiresolution for receiving array element is higher, such as bit error rate and other effects is just Better.
Real-time sampling of the sound field receiving array for receiving terminal acoustic field signal receives, and records shaking for the vortex sound field received Then width and phase information carry out numerical signal processing to the sound field data that receive, the instantaneous sound field data that form that treated, The instantaneous sound field data and each substrate sound field data to prestore are subjected to inner product operation, according in multiplexing sound field and each substrate sound field Correlation, OAM multiplexed signals is demultiplexed, the subchannel information loaded on each independent OAM topological charges is obtained.It needs It is further noted that by taking transmission of video as an example, each substrate sound field data obtain in the following way, choose 8 sound It learns OAM topological charge numbers and forms each independent subchannels, correspond respectively to 8 bit of each pixel in video image, and in advance Independent sound field data information of each OAM topological charge numbers in receiving terminal for storing selection, spatially as topological charge when demultiplexing Orthogonal basement.
Step S105:Information after demultiplexing is demodulated, the original figure baseband signal is obtained.
Binary system amplitude-shift keying OOK demodulation is carried out to obtained demultiplexing information, recovers the original figure base band of transmission Signal.Demodulating process is the inverse process of modulated process, and this will not be repeated here.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment proposes a kind of underwater sound communication system based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology, including following module:
Apply the module of pumping signal for each array element into acoustic source array;
For being modulated to the pumping signal in every sub-channels, base band is carried to obtain in per sub-channels The module of the modulated element drive signal of digital information;
For carrying out channel multiplexing, driving sound to the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information Source array generates the module of the OAM spiral sound fields after channel multiplexing;
For receiving the OAM spirals acoustic field signal, and the signal to receiving carries out demultiplexing process, each to obtain The module of the subchannel information loaded on independent OAM topological charges;
For being demodulated to the information after demultiplexing, the module of the original figure baseband signal is obtained.
It is not difficult to find that embodiment is second is that device embodiment corresponding with embodiment one, the present embodiment can be with embodiments one It works in coordination implementation.The relevant technical details mentioned in embodiment one are still effective in embodiment two, in order to reduce repetition, this In repeat no more.Correspondingly, the relevant technical details mentioned in the present embodiment are also applicable in embodiment one.
It is noted that each module involved in present embodiment is program module or logic module, in reality In the application of border, a logic module can be a physical unit, can also be a part for a physical unit, can also be with The combination of multiple physical units is realized.In addition, in order to protrude the innovative part of the present invention, it will not be with solution in the present embodiment The less close unit of technical problem relationship proposed by the invention introduces, but this does not indicate that there is no other in the present embodiment Unit.
Embodiment three
Referring to Fig. 5, the present embodiment proposes a kind of underwater sound communication system, including:
Sound source processor applies pumping signal, to institute in every sub-channels for each array element into acoustic source array It states pumping signal to be modulated, to obtain the modulated array element driving letter for carrying baseband digital information in per sub-channels Number, channel multiplexing, driving acoustic source array production are carried out to the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information OAM spiral sound fields after raw channel multiplexing;
Acoustic source array,
Sound field receiving array,
Receiving terminal processor, for carrying out demultiplexing use to the OAM spirals acoustic field signal that sound field receiving array receives Reason to obtain the subchannel information loaded on each independent OAM topological charges, and demodulates the information after demultiplexing, obtains The original figure baseband signal.
It is not difficult to find that the present embodiment is the hardware device of the underwater acoustic communication method for executing embodiment one, above-mentioned sound source Processor can be the host computer that common computer is constituted, and can also be processor chips, such as DSP, FPGA, microcontroller etc. It equally can be common computer Deng, above-mentioned receiving terminal processor, can also be processor chips, such as DSP, FPGA, list Piece machine etc..Acoustic source array, sound field receiving array in the present embodiment have the sound source battle array in embodiment one, two the methods All features of row, sound field receiving array, this will not be repeated here.
Finally it should be noted that:Above example is only to illustrate the technical solution of the application, rather than its limitations;Although The application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that:It still may be used With technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features; And these modifications or replacements, each embodiment technical solution of the application that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution spirit and Range.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology, includes the following steps:
Each array element into acoustic source array applies pumping signal;
The pumping signal is modulated in every sub-channels, baseband digital information is carried to obtain in per sub-channels Modulated element drive signal;
Channel multiplexing, driving acoustic source array production are carried out to the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information OAM spiral sound fields after raw channel multiplexing;
The OAM spirals acoustic field signal is received, and the signal to receiving carries out demultiplexing process, to obtain each independent OAM The subchannel information loaded on topological charge;
Information after demultiplexing is demodulated, the original figure baseband signal is obtained.
2. a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that There is the acoustic source array n independent drivable array element, the array element to be distributed on the circumference that radius is a wave length of sound, Wherein n >=3.
3. a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology according to claim 2, which is characterized in that The pumping signal that each array element is applied is:
Ui(t)=Aexp [i (2 π ft+l θi)],
Wherein, A is sonic wave amplitude, and l is topological charge number,For the angle clockwise of each array element and reference array element, n is sound source Independent drivable array number on array, i are the array element label of clock-wise order, wherein i=0,1,2 ..., n-1, when t is Between.
4. a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology according to claim 3, which is characterized in that It is described to be per the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information in sub-channels:
Ui s(t)=S (t) Ui(t)=S (t) Aexp [i (2 π ft+l θi)],
Wherein, S (t) is baseband digital information.
5. a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology according to claim 4, which is characterized in that When the channel quantity of multiplexing is R, the element drive signal of i-th of array element of acoustic source array is:
Wherein, A is sonic wave amplitude,For the angle clockwise of each array element and reference array element, n is independently can on acoustic source array The array number of driving, i are the array element label of clock-wise order, and wherein i=0,1,2 ..., n-1, t are time, topological charge number l= +1,+2,+3,...,+R。
6. a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that It is described to receive the OAM spirals acoustic field signal, and the signal to receiving carries out demultiplexing process, further comprises:
By the OAM spiral sound field data received and the OAM topological charge numbers to prestore in the independent sound field data of receiving terminal carry out Product operation, according to OAM spirals sound field in each substrate sound field correlation, OAM multiplexed signals is demultiplexed.
7. a kind of underwater acoustic communication method based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology according to claim 1-6 any one, It is characterized in that, the modulation and demodulation are realized using binary system amplitude-shift keying (OOK) method.
8. a kind of underwater sound communication system based on orbital angular momentum multiplexing technology, including following module:
Apply the module of pumping signal for each array element into acoustic source array;
For being modulated to the pumping signal in every sub-channels, base-band digital is carried to obtain in per sub-channels The module of the modulated element drive signal of information;
For carrying out channel multiplexing to the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information, sound source battle array is driven Row generate the module of the OAM spiral sound fields after channel multiplexing;
For receiving the OAM spirals acoustic field signal, and the signal to receiving carries out demultiplexing process, each independent to obtain The module of the subchannel information loaded on OAM topological charges;
For being demodulated to the information after demultiplexing, the module of the original figure baseband signal is obtained.
9. a kind of underwater sound communication system, it is characterised in that including:
Sound source processor applies pumping signal for each array element into acoustic source array, swashs to described in every sub-channels Signal is encouraged to be modulated, it is right to obtain the modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information in per sub-channels The modulated element drive signal for carrying baseband digital information carries out channel multiplexing, and driving acoustic source array generates channel Multiplexed OAM spirals sound field;
Acoustic source array,
Sound field receiving array,
Receiving terminal processor, the OAM spirals acoustic field signal for being received to sound field receiving array carry out demultiplexing process, with The subchannel information loaded on each independent OAM topological charges is obtained, and the information after demultiplexing is demodulated, obtains the original Beginning digital baseband signal.
10. a kind of underwater sound communication system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the acoustic source array is independent with n Drivable array element, the array element are distributed on the circumference that radius is a wave length of sound, wherein n >=3.
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