CN108599543B - Power supply charging control circuit and power supply charging control method - Google Patents
Power supply charging control circuit and power supply charging control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108599543B CN108599543B CN201810345928.1A CN201810345928A CN108599543B CN 108599543 B CN108599543 B CN 108599543B CN 201810345928 A CN201810345928 A CN 201810345928A CN 108599543 B CN108599543 B CN 108599543B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
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Abstract
The invention provides a power supply charging control circuit and a power supply charging control method, wherein an electrolytic capacitor is charged by direct current output by an alternating current power supply through a rectifying module to form a charging loop, a plurality of current limiting modules are arranged and connected in series on the charging loop in parallel, and the plurality of current limiting modules are controlled to be conducted in a time-sharing single mode or a plurality of current limiting modules through an MCU to charge the electrolytic capacitor during power-on, in the embodiment, because the resistance values of the current limiting resistors in the charging loop are different during time-sharing charging by controlling the plurality of current limiting modules to be conducted in a time-sharing single mode or a plurality of current limiting modules to be conducted in a time-sharing mode, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor which is charged firstly is large to inhibit surge, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor which is charged later is small to accelerate the charging speed compared with the existing charging circuit with a single current limiting resistor or without the current, the working stability of the whole circuit device is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of AC/DC power converters, in particular to a power supply charging control circuit and a power supply charging control method.
Background
At present, the power converter is applied to a high-power supply AC/DC (alternating current/direct current) power converter, for example, the power converter is applied to a direct current high-voltage power supply (more than 300V) of a compressor driving circuit of a frequency conversion air conditioner, a large-capacity electrolytic capacitor (more than 400uF) is used for smoothing filtering at a direct current side, an alternating current power supply can charge the electrolytic capacitor through a current limiting device such as PTC or a resistor at the moment of power-on, at present, only a single current limiting device is adopted, and long charging time is needed, so that the power converter can output stable direct current for supplying power to subsequent loads in a relatively long time; if a current limiting device is not adopted, when the electrolytic capacitor is directly charged, the charging current is very large instantly due to the large capacity of the electrolytic capacitor, so that devices through which the electric charging current passes, such as a rectifier bridge stack and a PFC circuit, need to bear the very large charging current, and the electric stress of the electrolytic capacitor is very large, so that the service life of the devices is influenced.
The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a power supply charging control circuit, and aims to solve the problem that the comfort experience of a user is influenced because the refrigerating or heating capacity of an air conditioner cannot be rapidly output due to the fact that the operation lifting frequency of a compressor is relatively slow when the conventional variable frequency air conditioner is started.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a power supply charging control circuit, which includes a rectification module, an electrolytic capacitor, a load, an MCU, and a plurality of current limiting modules;
the input end of the rectification module is connected with an alternating current power supply, the output end of the rectification module is connected with a direct current bus, the electrolytic capacitor is connected with the direct current bus in parallel, and alternating current outputs pulsating direct current through the rectification module to form a charging loop so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor and output smooth direct current to supply power to a load connected to the direct current bus;
the plurality of current limiting modules are connected in parallel and then connected in series on the charging loop, and the MCU controls the plurality of current limiting modules to be conducted singly or in a time-sharing mode so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor when the charging loop is powered on.
Preferably, each current limiting module comprises a switching unit and a current limiting device unit;
the switch unit is connected with the current limiting device unit in series;
when the switch unit is switched on under the control of the MCU, the current limiting device unit is connected to the charging loop to charge the electrolytic capacitor.
Preferably, the plurality of parallel current limiting modules are connected in series to the ac power supply side or the dc bus.
Preferably, the resistance of the current limiting device unit of the last conducting current limiting module in the power supply charging control circuit is zero.
Preferably, the switch unit includes a relay, two ends of a switch of the relay are two ends of the switch unit, one end of a coil of the relay is connected with the positive electrode of the direct-current power supply, and the other end of the coil of the relay is connected with the MCU.
Preferably, the switch unit includes a thyristor, two main electrodes of the thyristor are two ends of the switch unit, and a control electrode of the thyristor is connected to the MCU.
Preferably, the power charging control circuit further comprises a voltage detection module,
the voltage detection module is connected to the direct current bus and used for detecting the voltage value of the direct current bus and inputting the voltage value to the MCU, and the MCU controls the current limiting modules to be conducted singly or in a time-sharing mode according to the voltage value so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor when the voltage detection module is powered on.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a power supply charging control method, based on the power supply charging control circuit, the power supply charging control method includes:
when the power supply charging control circuit is powered on, controlling a current limiting module with a large current limiting resistor value in a charging loop to charge an electrolytic capacitor within a first preset time;
and controlling the current limiting module with small resistance of the current limiting resistor in the charging loop to charge the electrolytic capacitor in the next second preset time.
Preferably, after the step of controlling the current limiting module with a small resistance value of the resistor to be connected to the charging loop, the method further includes:
and the current limiting module pair controlling the minimum resistance value of the current limiting resistor is connected into the charging circuit, and other current limiting modules are disconnected from the charging circuit.
Preferably, after the step of controlling the current limiting module with a small resistance value of the resistor to be connected to the charging loop, the method further includes:
and the current limiting module pair controlling the minimum resistance value of the current limiting resistor is connected into the charging circuit, and other current limiting modules are disconnected from the charging circuit.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a power supply charging control method, based on the power supply charging control circuit, the power supply charging control method includes:
when the power supply charging control circuit is powered on, the MCU acquires the voltage value of the direct current bus;
and controlling the current limiting modules to be sequentially connected into a charging loop according to the voltage value so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor, wherein when the voltage value is small, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor connected into the current limiting module in the charging loop is large, and when the voltage value is large, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor connected into the current limiting module in the charging loop is small.
The power supply charging control circuit of the invention charges the electrolytic capacitor by the direct current output by the alternating current power supply through the rectifying module to form a charging loop, and is connected in series on the charging loop after being connected in parallel by arranging a plurality of current limiting modules, the MCU controls the current limiting modules to be conducted in a time-sharing single mode or a plurality of time-sharing single modes to charge the electrolytic capacitor, and the current limiting modules are controlled to be conducted in a time-sharing single mode or a plurality of time-sharing single modes to ensure that the resistance values of the current limiting resistors in the charging loop are different in time-sharing charging, and the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor charged first is large to inhibit surge, and the resistance value of the current-limiting resistor charged later is small to accelerate charging speed, compared with the existing charging circuit with a single current-limiting resistor or without a phase current resistor, the charging speed is accelerated under the condition of inhibiting large surge charging current, and the working stability of the whole circuit device is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power charging control circuit according to a first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power charging control circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of a power charging control circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power charging control circuit according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a power charging control method according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a power charging control method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The invention provides a power supply charging control circuit, which converts alternating current into direct current high voltage, for example, for alternating current with 220V input, the output direct current can reach more than 300V, and supplies power for loads requiring large current, such as power for IPM (intelligent power module) driving a compressor, or power for IPM module driving a direct current motor, etc., the basic circuit structure diagram of the power supply charging control circuit of the embodiment is shown in FIG. 1, the power supply charging control circuit comprises a rectifier module 10, an electrolytic capacitor E2, a load 20, an MCU30 and a plurality of current limiting modules, in order to output large current, the capacity of the electrolytic capacitor is larger and is generally more than 400uF, and the three current limiting modules in FIG. 1 are respectively 40, 50 and 60;
the input end of the rectifier module 10 is connected with an alternating current power supply, the output end of the rectifier module 10 is connected with a direct current bus, the electrolytic capacitor E2 is connected in parallel with the direct current bus, the alternating current outputs pulsating direct current through the rectifier module 10 to form a charging loop, so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor E2 and output smooth direct current, and supply power to the load 20 connected to the direct current bus, the rectifier module 10 can be a rectifier circuit composed of a rectifier bridge stack or discrete elements, the rectifier bridge stack is shown in fig. 1, the charging loop in fig. 1 refers to a loop formed by inputting alternating current from a live wire L or a zero wire N into the rectifier module 10 and outputting direct current from the rectifier module 10 to charge the electrolytic capacitor E2.
The plurality of current limiting modules are connected in series on the charging loop after being connected in parallel, and the MCU30 controls the plurality of current limiting modules to be switched on in a time-sharing mode or in a plurality of modes when the current limiting modules are powered on so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor E2.
In fig. 1, three current limiting modules 40-60 are connected in parallel and then connected in series between the N line of the ac input and an input end of the rectifier module 10, and a single or several of the three are controlled to be turned on by the MCU30 to charge the electrolytic capacitor E2, where several means two or more.
When the MCU30 specifically controls the plurality of current limiting modules to charge the electrolytic capacitor E2 in a time-sharing manner, the current limiting resistor in the current limiting module which is charged first needs to be large so as to well inhibit the surge current at the moment of power-on, and the current limiting resistor in the current limiting module which is charged later needs to be small, so that the charging speed is accelerated by the small current limiting resistor due to the fact that the surge current cannot occur.
Specifically, the current limiting module comprises a switch unit and a current limiting device unit, wherein the switch unit and the current limiting device unit are connected in series; when the switch unit is conducted under the control of the MCU, the current limiting device unit is connected to the charging loop to charge the electrolytic capacitor. If the current limiting module 40 includes a switching unit 41 and a current limiting device unit 42, the switching unit 41 may be formed of a switching device such as a relay, a power tube, etc., and the current limiting device unit 42 may be formed of a current limiting element such as a cement resistor, a PTC resistor, etc.
When the MCU30 controls the single current limiting module to conduct in a time-sharing manner, the resistance of the current limiting device unit in the current limiting module first connected to the charging circuit is large to suppress the surge current at the moment of power-on, and the resistance of the current limiting device unit in the current limiting module later connected to the charging circuit is small to accelerate the charging speed. Furthermore, the resistance value of the current limiting device unit in the current limiting module finally connected to the charging loop is preferably zero, that is, the current limiting device unit can be a zero-ohm resistor or a straight-through wire at the moment, because the electrolytic capacitor is nearly fully charged or fully charged through the previous charging, surge current cannot be generated at the moment, so that straight-through power supply can be realized, and power consumption caused by heating of the current limiting device in the subsequent working process after the electrolytic capacitor is charged is avoided.
When the MCU30 controls the current-limiting modules to be turned on in a time-sharing manner, the resistance values of the current-limiting device units may be the same except for the current-limiting device unit in the current-limiting module that is finally connected to the charging circuit, because the current-limiting devices are connected in parallel, and the resistance value after parallel connection is certainly smaller than the resistance value of each current-limiting device unit in the parallel circuit, when one current-limiting device is first controlled to be connected to the charging circuit to charge the electrolytic capacitor, and then the other current-limiting device is controlled to be connected to the charging circuit, the two current-limiting devices are connected in parallel, and the resistance value thereof is smaller, thereby increasing the charging speed, and the resistance of the last current-limiting device is zero, thereby realizing direct power supply.
In this embodiment, the current limiting module is connected in series to the zero line N or the live line L of the ac power supply side, and in fig. 1, the current limiting module is connected in series to the ac line N, or may be connected in series to the line L.
As a specific application circuit of this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the switch unit in fig. 2 is composed of a relay, the current limiting device unit is composed of a PTC resistor, and the switch power supply a0 for dc supplying the MCU30 with low voltage 5V and 12V for the relay is also included in the figure, where the dc high voltage loaded by the switch power supply a0 is provided by an ac power supply which is rectified by the rectifier bridge BR1 and then smoothed by the electrolytic capacitor PE1 to output the dc high voltage, and since the power supply required by the MCU30 and the relay is low in total, the electrolytic capacitor PE1 is small, such as only about 40uF, and no surge is formed by charging the electrolytic capacitor PE1 during power-up. In the figure, the switch unit in each switch module 40-60 is also provided with an independent driving module for switching the driving switch, if the switch unit 41 is driven by the driving module 80, the driving module 80 mainly comprises a first triode Q1, the collector of the driving module is connected with one end of the coil of the first relay RY2 of the switch unit 41, the base of the first triode Q1 is connected with one control port of the MCU30 through the first resistor R5, after the MCU30 sends out a high-level control signal to control the conduction of the first triode Q1, the coil of the first relay RY1 is electrified and then the controller switch is attracted, so that the first PTC resistor PTC1 is connected; the other current limiting modules 50 and 60 operate in the same manner as the current limiting module 40, and it should be noted that the current limiting device unit of the current limiting module 60 is a zero-resistance wire, which is directly replaced by a connected wire, and therefore, not shown in the figure, the current limiting module 60 of the three current limiting modules is finally connected.
The electrolytic capacitors in fig. 2 are a plurality of capacitors, E2, E3, E4, respectively, and since the load 20 is the IPM module 21 and the compressor 22 responsible for driving, the working current of the load is large, and the required electrolytic capacitor capacity for smoothing is large, the three electrolytic capacitors are connected in parallel, for example, when the capacity of each electrolytic capacitor is 600uF, the three parallel connections can reach 1800 uF. In the circuit for charging the three electrolytic capacitors, a PFC circuit 70 connected between the rectifier module 10 and the electrolytic capacitors is further added to perform power factor correction on the direct current output by the rectifier module 10, wherein the PFC circuit 70 mainly comprises an IGBT power tube Q7 and a reactor L1, and the power tube Q7 outputs a control signal to an IGBT driving unit through another control port of the MCU30 to drive the IGBT power tube Q7 to perform switching, so as to implement normal operation of the PFC module 70.
The working principle of the power supply charging control circuit in fig. 2 is as follows: when the power is on, the switching power supply A0 outputs a direct current power supply to supply power to the MCU30 after being electrified, the MCU30 outputs a high level through the first control port to conduct the first triode Q1 after working, so that the controller switch is attracted after the coil of the first relay RY1 is electrified, so that the first PTC resistor PTC1 is connected into the charging circuit, and at this time, the alternating current is rectified by the rectifier module 10 via the PTC resistor and then outputs pulsating direct current, and outputs direct current to charge three electrolytic capacitors E2, E3 and E4 with large capacity after power factor correction by the PFC module 70, since the resistance of the first PTC resistor PTC1 is set to be relatively large, e.g., 80 ohms, the charging current is relatively small, if the initial charging current is 10A or less and then the charging current decreases as the voltage on the electrolytic capacitor increases, the charging current is much smaller than the inrush current at the time of the through-connection, and then a short predetermined time, for example, several tens of milliseconds elapses; the first control port of the MCU30 outputs low level, the second control port outputs high level to disconnect the control switch of the first relay RY1, the control switch of the second relay RY2 is closed to disconnect the first PTC1 from the charging loop, the second PTC2 is connected into the charging loop, because the resistance of the second PTC2 is smaller than that of the first PTC1, the charging current is larger than that of the first PTC1, because the voltage on the electrolytic capacitor is charged to a certain value when the first PTC1 is connected, for example, half of the voltage when the electrolytic capacitor is fully charged, when the second PTC2 is connected to continue to charge the electrolytic capacitor, large surge current does not occur, the charging speed is accelerated relative to the first PTC1, after the electrolytic capacitor is charged by the second PTC2 for another short preset time, the second control port of the MCU30 outputs low level, the third control port outputs high level, so that the control switch of the second relay RY2 is turned off, the control switch of the third relay RY3 is closed, so that the second PTC resistor PTC2 is disconnected from the charging circuit, the switch of the third relay RY3 is connected to the charging circuit, because the current-limiting resistor is not arranged, the electrolytic capacitor is charged by the alternating current power supply in a direct-through mode, the voltage on the electrolytic capacitor is close to the saturation voltage due to the charging of the second PTC resistor PTC2, and even if the electrolytic capacitor is charged in the direct-through mode, the charging loop of the capacitor depends on the small-resistance equivalent current-limiting resistor of the body resistor in the rectifier diode of the rectifier module 10 and the equivalent series resistor ESR existing in the electrolytic capacitor, the charging current of the capacitor still cannot suddenly rise, surge current cannot occur, and the third relay RY3 is connected for charging to enable the electrolytic capacitor to be charged to a saturated state so as to finish the charging process of the electrolytic capacitor during electrification. After that, the long-term pull-in state of the third relay RY3 is maintained, so that the ac power supply outputs high-voltage dc power (the dc bus voltage can reach about 320V for 220V ac input) through the third relay RY3, the rectifier module 10, the PFC module 70 and the electrolytic capacitor, and supplies power to the load 20 through the dc bus.
The MCU30 controls the three relays to be conducted singly, so that the PTC resistors are sequentially connected into the charging circuit to charge the electrolytic capacitor, and the PTC resistors can be controlled to be connected into the charging circuit to charge the electrolytic capacitor based on a mode of controlling a plurality of the three relays to be conducted simultaneously. At this time, the resistances of the first PTC resistor PTC1 and the second PTC resistor PTC2 may be the same, and are specifically controlled as follows: firstly, the MCU30 controls the first relay RY1 to be sucked, so that the first PTC resistor PTC1 is connected into a charging loop, an alternating current power supply charges the electrolytic capacitor through the first PTC resistor PTC1, after a short preset time, the MCU30 controls the second relay RY2 to be sucked, so that the second PTC resistor PTC2 is also connected into the charging loop, at the moment, the total resistance value of the current-limiting resistor is reduced because the first PTC resistor PTC1 and the second PTC resistor PTC2 are connected in parallel, the charging speed of the electrolytic capacitor is accelerated, finally, the MCU30 controls the first relay RY1 and the second relay RY2 to be disconnected, the third relay RY3 is directly sucked, and at the moment, the alternating current charges the electrolytic capacitor in a saturated voltage mode. The first PTC resistor PTC1 and the second PTC resistor PTC2 may also have different resistances, for example, the first PTC resistor PTC1 has a larger resistance than the second PTC resistor PTC2, so that when the second PTC resistor PTC2 is connected, the parallel resistor is smaller, thereby increasing the charging speed.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the number of the current limiting modules is set to 3, the whole charging process is implemented by dividing into 3 stages, surge suppression charging with relatively small current is started, then rapid charging with relatively large current is started, and finally the through charging is started to the saturation voltage stage; the number of the current limiting modules may also be 2 or more than 2, for example, 4 or 2, and the number of the charging stages is 4 or 2, but as long as the charging modules are controlled to be individually time-shared or turned on, the circuit structure in which the charging current is large first and the charging current is small subsequently is the protection scheme of the embodiment of the present invention.
The power supply charging control circuit of the embodiment of the invention charges an electrolytic capacitor by outputting direct current through a rectifying module by an alternating current power supply to form a charging loop, and is connected in series on the charging loop after being connected in parallel by arranging a plurality of current limiting modules, and controls the plurality of current limiting modules to be conducted in a time-sharing single or a plurality of time-sharing single way to charge the electrolytic capacitor by an MCU when being electrified, because the embodiment controls the plurality of current limiting modules to be conducted in a time-sharing single way or a plurality of time-sharing single way, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor in the charging loop is different in time-sharing charging, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor which is charged firstly is large to inhibit surge, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor which is charged later is small to accelerate the charging speed, compared with the existing charging circuit which is provided with a single current limiting resistor or no phase current resistor, the charging speed, the working stability of the whole circuit device is improved.
Further, based on the first embodiment of the power supply charging control circuit of the present invention, in the second embodiment of the power supply charging control circuit of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the switch unit of the switch module includes a thyristor, two main electrodes of the thyristor are two ends of the switch unit, and a control electrode of the thyristor is connected to the MCU30, specifically, in fig. 3, the switch units of the three switch modules 40 to 60 are all composed of a triac, two main electrodes T1 and T2 thereof are connected to the charging loop, the controller G is further driven by the thyristor isolation driving module 80, and the MCU30 controls the driving module 80 to operate through a control port. Taking the switch unit 41 as an example, the switch unit 41 is composed of a first thyristor TR1, one main electrode of which is connected to an ac power supply terminal, the other main electrode T2 of which is connected to one end of a first PTC resistor PTC1 of the current limiting device unit, and a control electrode G of the first thyristor TR1 is driven to operate by a driving module 80 under the control of a control port of the MCU 30. For example, when the control port of the MCU30 outputs a high level, the control driving module 80 drives two main electrodes of the first thyristor TR1 to conduct, so that the first PTC resistor PTC1 is connected to the charging loop to charge the electrolytic capacitor.
In a specific working principle, similar to the case that the switch unit of the first embodiment is a relay, when the thyristor is controlled to be conducted, the situation that a single thyristor is conducted in a time-sharing manner and a plurality of thyristors are conducted in a parallel time-sharing manner is achieved, so that the charging current is relatively low at the beginning to suppress surge, then the charging current is large to accelerate the charging speed, and finally the charging is carried out in a direct-connection manner. Compared with the prior art, the charging speed during power-on can be increased while the surge is restrained.
Further, based on the first embodiment of the power supply charging control circuit of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, a third embodiment of the power supply charging control circuit of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that a plurality of current limiting modules connected in parallel are connected in series to a dc bus, that is, connected in series between the rectifying module 10 and the electrolytic capacitor 20, and specifically may be connected in series to a positive electrode line or a negative electrode line of the dc bus. The working principle is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Further, based on the first or second embodiment of the power supply charging control circuit of the present invention, in the fourth embodiment of the power supply charging control circuit of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 or fig. 3, the power supply charging control circuit further includes a voltage detection module 90, the voltage detection module 90 is connected to the dc bus, and is configured to detect a voltage value of the dc bus and input the voltage value to the MCU30, and when the power is turned on, the MCU30 controls the plurality of current limiting modules to be turned on at a time-sharing single or a plurality of current limiting modules to charge the electrolytic capacitors.
In the first or second embodiment, the MCU30 controls the current limiting modules to be connected to the charging circuit based on different times, that is, the MCU30 realizes different times by timing to control the current limiting modules to be connected to the charging circuit. In the present embodiment, the MCU30 controls different current limiting modules to be connected to the charging circuit based on the difference between the dc bus voltage detected by the voltage detecting module 90, i.e., the charging voltage of the electrolytic capacitor.
As shown in fig. 2, the voltage detection module 90 is composed of voltage dividing resistors R130, R139, R142, and R161, and inputs the low voltage, which is detected to represent the dc bus voltage, to a detection port of the MCU 30. The specific working principle is as follows: when the power is on, the MCU30 firstly controls the switch unit with a large resistance value of the current limiting device, such as the first relay RY1 of the switch unit 41 in fig. 2, to be switched on, and controls the first PTC resistor PTC1 to be connected into the charging loop, and at the same time, the MCU30 monitors the voltage value of the dc bus, when the voltage value of the dc bus rises to a first preset value, such as 200V, the first relay RY1 is controlled to be switched off, the second relay RY2 is controlled to be switched on, so that the second PTC resistor PTC2 with a smaller resistance value than the first PTC resistor PTC1 is switched on, so as to accelerate the charging speed, when the MCU30 monitors the voltage rises to a second preset value, such as 300V, the second relay RY2 is controlled to be switched off, the third relay RY3 is switched on, and at this time, the electrolytic capacitor.
Except for the control mode of controlling the single current limiting module to be connected into the charging loop in a time-sharing manner according to different direct current bus voltage values, similar to the first embodiment, the charging mode of controlling a plurality of current limiting modules to be connected into the charging loop in parallel according to different direct current bus voltage values so as to realize the charging of small current and then large current for inhibiting surge during power-on can be controlled.
Compared with the mode of controlling different current limiting modules to be connected into a charging loop by different timing time in the first embodiment, in the implementation, different current limiting modules are determined to be connected into the charging loop for minutes by adding a voltage detection module to detect the voltage of a direct current bus, because the charging speeds of the electrolytic capacitors are different when the capacities of the electrolytic capacitors are different, according to the scheme of the charging control circuit in the first embodiment, different preset time timing may need to be designed according to the difference of the electrolytic capacitors, so as to achieve the accurate stage charging purpose of the invention, if the preset time timing of only one electrolytic capacitor and the previous one of the three electrolytic capacitor parallel schemes is certainly smaller than that of the three electrolytic capacitors, thus different control software corresponding to the MCU30 is needed; in the embodiment, different current limiting modules are controlled to be connected into the charging loop directly according to the voltage value of the electrolytic capacitor, so that the charging control circuit can be adapted to various electrolytic capacitors and can realize accurate charging in each stage, and therefore the charging control circuit scheme of the embodiment has better adaptability.
The invention further provides a power supply charging control method, based on the power supply charging control circuit, as shown in fig. 5, the method includes:
step S101, when a power supply charging control circuit is powered on, a current limiting module with a large current limiting resistance value in a charging loop is controlled to charge an electrolytic capacitor within a first preset time;
and S102, controlling a current limiting module with a small resistance value of a current limiting resistor in the charging loop to charge the electrolytic capacitor in the next second preset time.
Taking the power charging control circuit in fig. 2 as an example, the charging step is divided into three stages.
According to a capacitor voltage charging formula:
wherein, UCThe actual voltage at two ends of the electrolytic capacitor;
V0initial voltage across the electrolytic capacitor for starting charging;
v is a target charging voltage of the electrolytic capacitor;
RC is the charging time constant of the electrolytic capacitor;
t is the charging time of the electrolytic capacitor;
the formula of the charging current of the electrolytic capacitor is as follows:
Ic: charging current of an electrolytic capacitor;
r: and charging resistance of the electrolytic capacitor.
For convenience of calculation, a specific calculation formula given below takes a direct-current voltage and a direct-current on a direct-current bus side as parameter references, an input alternating current is taken as 220V for example, the total capacity of an electrolytic capacitor is set to 1720uF, a target voltage on the electrolytic capacitor, namely a charging saturation voltage V, is 320V, and the resistance value of a first PTC resistor PTC1 which is firstly switched in a first stage is set to 50 ohms, so that V0 is 0, and V is 320V;
when t is 0, Ic ═ V/R1 ═ 6.4A, then the charging current decreases exponentially, and when charging with one RC time constant, the capacitance voltage Uc ═ V ═ (1-1/e) ═ 320 ═ 0.63 ═ 201.6V;
T1＝RC＝50*1720*10-6＝86ms；
that is, in the first charging stage in step S10, the first preset time may be set to be about 86ms, so that the voltage on the electrolytic capacitor may rise to 201V after the first preset time, and it can be seen that the charging current 6.4A from the first stage is relatively small, and the formation of the surge can be well suppressed;
in the following second charging phase, the resistance of the second PTC resistor PTC2 is set to 10 ohms, V0 is 201.6V, and V is 320V;
when t is 0, Ic ═ V-V0)/R ═ 11.8A; then the charging current decreases exponentially, and after 3 RC time constants of charging, the capacitor voltage Uc is 314V;
T2＝3*R2*C＝51.6ms；
that is, in the second charging phase of step S20, the second preset time may be set to about 51ms, and when the second preset time elapses, the voltage on the electrolytic capacitor may continue to rise to 314V, and it can be seen that the charging current starting in the second phase is 11.8A, which is much larger than the charging current starting in the first phase, which is 6.4A, thereby accelerating the charging speed;
in the third stage, through the charging in the second stage, the voltage solves the saturation voltage value of 320V, at this time, the relay controlling the third switch is turned on, and at this time, the current limiting module controlling the current limiting resistance to be the minimum, that is, in the present scheme, the electrolytic capacitor is charged in the form of direct connection of zero resistance, because of the voltage and the saturation voltage very close to the target, the charging current does not surge through the equivalent current limiting resistance with very small resistance, such as the bulk resistance in the rectifier diode in the rectifier module 10 and the equivalent series resistance ESR existing inside the electrolytic capacitor.
Therefore, after the step S20, for the three-stage charging control method, there is a step of controlling the current limiting module with the small resistance value of the current limiting resistor to be connected to the charging circuit, and the other current limiting modules to be disconnected from the charging circuit. Of course if there are only two current limiting modules, there is only a two stage charging process, which is not required.
The power supply charging control method of the present invention can also be adapted to the situation that the number of the charging modules is 4 or more than 4, and at this time, the number of the charging stages is 4 or more than 4, and the control methods of the first and second stages in step S10 and step S20 are required.
In the power supply charging control method, different current limiting modules are controlled to be connected in each stage independently, or a plurality of current limiting modules are controlled to be connected in the middle stage so as to realize that the current limiting devices in the current limiting modules are connected in parallel to be connected in a charging loop, and the aim of accelerating the charging speed by large current can also be realized in the middle charging stage.
According to the power supply charging control method, when the power supply charging control circuit is powered on, the current limiting module with the large current limiting resistance value in the charging loop is controlled to charge the electrolytic capacitor within a first preset time, and the current limiting module with the small current limiting resistance value in the charging loop is controlled to charge the electrolytic capacitor within a second preset time, so that the surge current is charged and suppressed within the first preset time by using relatively small current, and the charging speed is accelerated by charging within the second preset time by using relatively large current.
The invention further provides a power supply charging control method, based on the power supply charging control circuit, as shown in fig. 6, the method includes:
step S201, when the power supply charging control circuit is powered on, the MCU acquires a direct current bus voltage value;
step S202, controlling the current limiting modules to be sequentially connected into the charging loop according to the voltage value so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor, wherein when the voltage value is small, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor connected into the current limiting module in the charging loop is large, and when the voltage value is large, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor connected into the current limiting module in the charging loop is small.
The power supply charging control method is different from the power supply charging control method in that different current limiting modules are determined to be connected into a charging loop according to the voltage value of a direct current bus, namely the charging voltage value on an electrolytic capacitor. Specifically, for the specific circuit in the fourth embodiment of the power supply charging control circuit of the present invention, the MCU30 obtains the voltage value of the dc bus according to the voltage detection module 90, and then determines to access different current limiting modules to the charging loop according to the voltage values.
For a three-stage charging circuit composed of three current limiting modules in fig. 2, the specific control steps are as follows:
when the power is on, the voltage value of a direct current bus detected by the MCU30 is very small, the first relay RY1 is controlled to be switched on, and at the moment, the first PTC resistor PTC1 with the large resistance value of the current limiting device resistor is selected to be switched into a charging loop to frequently charge the electrolytic capacitor, so that relatively small charging current is formed to inhibit surge;
when the voltage value of the direct current bus is detected to rise to about 200V, the first relay RY1 is controlled to be disconnected, the second relay RY2 is controlled to be connected, so that the first PTC1 is controlled to be disconnected from the charging circuit, and meanwhile, the second PTC2 with small resistance value is selected to be connected into the charging circuit to charge the electrolytic capacitor, so that relatively large charging current is formed to accelerate the charging speed;
when the voltage value of the direct current bus is detected to rise to about 300V close to the saturation voltage, the second relay RY2 is controlled to be disconnected, the third relay RY3 is controlled to be conducted, the first PTC2 is controlled to be disconnected from the charging circuit, and the electrolytic capacitor is continuously charged in a straight-through mode until the charging rises to the saturation voltage 320V.
In the charging stage with large charging current, the current-limiting devices can be kept connected to the charging circuit, and meanwhile, the connection of other current-limiting devices is increased, namely, a plurality of current-limiting devices are controlled to be connected to the charging circuit, so that the parallel connection mode of the current-limiting devices is formed to reduce the resistance value of the current-limiting devices connected to the charging circuit, and the purpose of accelerating the charging speed is also achieved.
In the description herein, references to the description of the terms "first embodiment," "second embodiment," "example," etc., mean that a particular method, apparatus, or feature described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, methods, apparatuses, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A power supply charging control circuit comprises a rectifying module, an electrolytic capacitor, a load, an MCU and a plurality of current limiting modules;
the input end of the rectification module is connected with an alternating current power supply, the output end of the rectification module is connected with a direct current bus, the electrolytic capacitor is connected with the direct current bus in parallel, the alternating current outputs pulsating direct current through the rectification module to form a charging loop, the electrolytic capacitor is charged and outputs smooth direct current to supply power to a load connected to the direct current bus;
the plurality of current limiting modules are connected in parallel and then connected in series on the charging loop, and the plurality of current limiting modules are controlled by the MCU to be conducted singly or in a time-sharing mode to charge the electrolytic capacitor when the charging loop is powered on;
each current limiting module comprises a switch unit and a current limiting device unit;
the switch unit is connected with the current limiting device unit in series;
when the switch unit is switched on under the control of the MCU, the current limiting device unit is connected to the charging loop to charge the electrolytic capacitor;
when the MCU controls the single current limiting module to be conducted in a time-sharing mode, the resistance of a current limiting unit in the current limiting module which is firstly connected into a charging loop is large;
the parallel current limiting modules are connected in series on the alternating current power supply side or the direct current bus;
the switch unit comprises a controllable silicon, two main electrodes of the controllable silicon are two ends of the switch unit, and a control electrode of the controllable silicon is connected with the MCU.
2. The power supply charge control circuit of claim 1, wherein the resistance of the current limiting device unit of the last conducting current limiting module in the power supply charge control circuit is zero.
3. The power supply charge control circuit of claim 2 further comprising a voltage detection module,
the voltage detection module is connected to the direct current bus and used for detecting the voltage value of the direct current bus and inputting the voltage value to the MCU, and the MCU controls the current limiting modules to be conducted singly or in a time-sharing mode according to the voltage value so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor when the voltage detection module is powered on.
4. A power supply charge control method of a power supply charge control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising:
when the power supply charging control circuit is powered on, controlling a current limiting module with a large current limiting resistor value in a charging loop to charge an electrolytic capacitor within a first preset time;
and controlling the current limiting module with small resistance of the current limiting resistor in the charging loop to charge the electrolytic capacitor in the next second preset time.
5. The power charging control method of claim 4, wherein after controlling the current limiting module with a small resistance of the current limiting resistor in the charging loop to charge the electrolytic capacitor in a second predetermined time, the method further comprises:
and the current limiting module pair controlling the minimum resistance value of the current limiting resistor is connected into the charging circuit, and other current limiting modules are disconnected from the charging circuit.
6. A power supply charge control method of a power supply charge control circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising:
when the power supply charging control circuit is powered on, the MCU acquires the voltage value of the direct current bus;
and controlling the current limiting modules to be sequentially connected into a charging loop according to the voltage value so as to charge the electrolytic capacitor, wherein when the voltage value is small, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor connected into the current limiting module in the charging loop is large, and when the voltage value is large, the resistance value of the current limiting resistor connected into the current limiting module in the charging loop is small.
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| CN111835070B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2022-06-03 | 歌尔科技有限公司 | Wearable device charging control method and wearable device |
| CN112234693A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-01-15 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Bus charging control device, driver and bus charging control method thereof |
| CN112104237B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2024-09-17 | 深圳市云矽半导体有限公司 | Processing circuit with multiple power supply ports and electronic equipment |
| CN112653228B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-08-19 | 山东电工电气集团新能科技有限公司 | Self-adaptive charging and discharging control system for super capacitor |
| FR3118356A1 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-24 | Stmicroelectronics (Tours) Sas | voltage converter |
| CN112910036B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-08-09 | 重庆新源创实业有限公司 | Charging control method, device and system |
| CN113760028B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-03-21 | 许继集团有限公司 | Energy taking power supply and energy taking method of flexible and straight submodule |
| CN113765080A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-07 | 长春捷翼汽车零部件有限公司 | Circuit, method, charging device and storage medium for suppressing power supply starting surge |
| CN113972718A (en) * | 2021-10-25 | 2022-01-25 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Battery module battery monomer charge-discharge independent control circuit |
| CN114123416A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-01 | 傲普(上海)新能源有限公司 | Charge-discharge control method for series battery monomer in battery module |
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