CN108599499A - A kind of five degree of freedom stator permanent-magnet induction-type bearingless motor - Google Patents
A kind of five degree of freedom stator permanent-magnet induction-type bearingless motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN108599499A CN108599499A CN201810702208.6A CN201810702208A CN108599499A CN 108599499 A CN108599499 A CN 108599499A CN 201810702208 A CN201810702208 A CN 201810702208A CN 108599499 A CN108599499 A CN 108599499A
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 8
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=[N+]([O-])C1(CC1)CCC21N=C1C=CC=CC1=[N+]2[O-] BGPVFRJUHWVFKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013178 mathematical model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005312 nonlinear dynamic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K17/00—Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
- H02K17/02—Asynchronous induction motors
- H02K17/16—Asynchronous induction motors having rotors with internally short-circuited windings, e.g. cage rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/08—Structural association with bearings
- H02K7/09—Structural association with bearings with magnetic bearings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及电机制造技术领域，具体涉及结构紧凑、控制简单，悬浮控制、转矩控制相互独立的一种五自由度定子永磁式无轴承异步电机。The invention relates to the technical field of motor manufacturing, in particular to a five-degree-of-freedom stator permanent magnet bearingless asynchronous motor with compact structure, simple control, and independent suspension control and torque control.
背景技术Background technique
无轴承电机具有无摩擦、磨损、无需润滑，易于实现更高转速和更大功率运行，特别是其中的无轴承异步电机具有结构与制造简单、转子强度高、造价低等优势，在高速机床主轴电机、密封泵、离心机、压缩机、高速微型硬盘等系列高速直驱领域具有广阔的应用前景。Bearingless motor has no friction, wear, no lubrication, and is easy to achieve higher speed and higher power operation. In particular, the bearingless asynchronous motor has the advantages of simple structure and manufacture, high rotor strength, and low cost. It is used in high-speed machine tool spindles. Motors, sealed pumps, centrifuges, compressors, high-speed micro hard drives and other series of high-speed direct drives have broad application prospects.
目前，无轴承异步电机是通过在传统异步电机的定子槽的转矩绕组上叠加一套附加的悬浮绕组，两套绕组分别由频率相同的三相交流电源供电产生旋转的悬浮绕组磁场和转矩绕组磁场，且悬浮绕组磁场极对数为P B、转矩绕组磁场为P M，两者之间只有满足P B=P M±1的关系时，在转子上才能产生稳定可控的径向悬浮力。由径向位移传感器检测转子径向位移，构建位移闭环控制系统，实现转子稳定悬浮，而转矩的产生原理与普通异步电机相同。一方面，转矩绕组磁场要与悬浮绕组磁场相互作用产生径向悬浮力，另一方面，转矩绕组磁场又要和转子旋转磁场相互作用产生转矩，因此，转矩控制和位移控制之间存在强耦合，控制复杂，难以建立精确的数学模型，控制精度低。此外，除了转矩绕组磁场在转子导条内会感应出与转矩绕组磁场极对数相同的转子旋转磁场之外，悬浮绕组磁场也会在转子导条内感应出与悬浮绕组磁场极对数相同的转子旋转磁场，该旋转磁场对悬浮力的产生有削弱作用，还会增加转矩控制和位移控制的复杂性，特别是带负载运行时更为明显，严重时将会造成系统不稳定，悬浮失败。有学者提出了无轴承异步电机的转子笼型导条分相结构，该结构的无轴承异步电机转子中仅感应出与转矩绕组磁场极对数相同的转子磁场，而悬浮绕组磁场在转子中不产生感应磁场，能够产生较大的径向悬浮力，降低控制复杂性，但是该结构的无轴承异步电机仍然需要满足P B=P M±1的关系，且存在转矩绕组磁场和悬浮绕组磁场之间的强耦合性，两者之间的非线性动态解耦控制仍然非常复杂。此外，由无轴承异步电机来支撑转子稳定悬浮，需要多个单元的两自由度无轴承异步电机、两自由度磁轴承、三自由度磁轴承、单自由度轴向磁轴承组成五自由度悬浮系统，因此，该系统存在结构和控制复杂，体积庞大，临界转速低等缺点。At present, the bearingless asynchronous motor is by superimposing an additional set of suspension windings on the torque winding of the stator slot of the traditional asynchronous motor, and the two sets of windings are respectively powered by a three-phase AC power supply with the same frequency to generate the rotating suspension winding magnetic field and torque. Winding magnetic field, and the number of pole pairs of the suspension winding magnetic field is P B , and the torque winding magnetic field is PM . Only when the relationship between the two satisfies P B = P M ±1 can a stable and controllable radial direction be generated on the rotor . levitation force. The radial displacement of the rotor is detected by the radial displacement sensor, and a displacement closed-loop control system is constructed to realize the stable suspension of the rotor. The principle of torque generation is the same as that of ordinary asynchronous motors. On the one hand, the magnetic field of the torque winding interacts with the magnetic field of the levitation winding to generate radial levitation force; on the other hand, the magnetic field of the torque winding interacts with the rotating magnetic field of the rotor to generate torque. Therefore, the relationship between torque control and displacement control There is strong coupling, the control is complicated, it is difficult to establish an accurate mathematical model, and the control accuracy is low. In addition, in addition to the fact that the magnetic field of the torque winding will induce the rotor rotating magnetic field with the same number of pole pairs as the magnetic field of the torque winding in the rotor bar, the magnetic field of the suspension winding will also induce the same number of pole pairs of the magnetic field of the suspension winding in the rotor bar. The same rotor rotating magnetic field, the rotating magnetic field has a weakening effect on the levitation force, and will increase the complexity of torque control and displacement control, especially when it is running with load, and it will cause system instability in severe cases. Levitation failed. Some scholars have proposed a phase-splitting structure of the rotor cage bar of the bearingless asynchronous motor. In the rotor of the bearingless asynchronous motor of this structure, only the rotor magnetic field with the same number of pole pairs as the torque winding magnetic field is induced, while the magnetic field of the suspension winding is in the rotor. It does not generate an induced magnetic field, can generate a large radial levitation force, and reduces control complexity, but the bearingless asynchronous motor of this structure still needs to satisfy the relationship of P B = P M ±1, and there is a torque winding magnetic field and a levitation winding The strong coupling between the magnetic fields, the nonlinear dynamic decoupling control between the two is still very complicated. In addition, the stable suspension of the rotor supported by a bearingless asynchronous motor requires multiple units of two-degree-of-freedom bearingless asynchronous motors, two-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearings, three-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearings, and single-degree-of-freedom axial magnetic bearings to form a five-degree-of-freedom suspension system, therefore, the system has disadvantages such as complex structure and control, bulky volume, and low critical speed.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是克服现有的五自由度无轴承异步电机系统的不足，提供一种不受P B=P M±1条件限制，在转子中仅感应出与转矩绕组磁场极对数相同的旋转磁场，控制简单，悬浮控制、转矩控制相互独立，能够产生更大径向悬浮力的一种五自由度定子永磁式无轴承异步电机。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the existing five-degree-of-freedom bearingless asynchronous motor system, and provide a motor that is not limited by the condition of P B = P M ± 1, and only induces the same number of pole pairs as the torque winding magnetic field in the rotor It is a five-degree-of-freedom stator permanent magnet bearingless asynchronous motor with a rotating magnetic field, simple control, independent suspension control and torque control, and can generate greater radial suspension force.
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：The present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:
一种五自由度定子永磁式无轴承异步电机，包括位于电机壳体内的定子和位于定子内圈里的转子，所述定子包括连为一体的左定子铁心、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心、轴向磁化的环形永磁体，所述环形永磁体连接在左定子铁心和右定子锥形磁轴承铁心之间，所述左定子铁心、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心上开设有定子槽，所述左定子铁心和右定子锥形磁轴承铁心的定子槽内设有悬浮绕组和转矩绕组，所述转子包括转轴和箍设在转轴外周的转子铁心，所述转子铁心的左端设有柱形凸台，所述柱形凸台与左定子铁心径向对齐且两者之间留有径向气隙，所述转子铁心的右端为与右定子锥形磁轴承铁心对应的锥体，所述锥体与右定子锥形磁轴承铁心之间留有气隙，所述柱形凸台的表面和锥体的表面开有转子槽，所述转子槽中浇注有笼型导条。A five-degree-of-freedom stator permanent magnet bearingless asynchronous motor, including a stator located in the motor housing and a rotor located in the inner ring of the stator, the stator includes a left stator core connected as one, a right stator tapered magnetic bearing core 1. Axially magnetized ring-shaped permanent magnet, the ring-shaped permanent magnet is connected between the left stator core and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core, the left stator core and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core are provided with stator slots, so The stator slots of the left stator core and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core are provided with suspension windings and torque windings. The rotor includes a rotating shaft and a rotor core hooped on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft. The left end of the rotor core is provided with a cylindrical The boss, the cylindrical boss is radially aligned with the left stator core with a radial air gap between them, the right end of the rotor core is a cone corresponding to the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core, the There is an air gap between the cone and the tapered magnetic bearing core of the right stator. The surface of the cylindrical boss and the surface of the cone are provided with rotor slots, and cage-shaped guide bars are poured into the rotor slots.
本发明进一步的改进方案是，所述左定子铁心、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心上开设的定子槽数目相同，所述左定子铁心、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心上的转矩绕组极对数相同，所述笼型导条的数目为偶数，笼型导条采用分相结构，每相之间相互绝缘，笼型导条的极对数与转矩绕组的极对数相同。笼型导条切割转矩绕组磁场，产生一个旋转磁场，该旋转磁场与转矩绕组磁场极对数相同；而笼型导条切割悬浮绕组磁场和静态偏置磁场不产生旋转磁场。The further improvement scheme of the present invention is that the number of stator slots opened on the left stator core and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core is the same, and the number of torque winding pole pairs on the left stator core and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core Similarly, the number of the cage bars is an even number, the cage bars adopt a phase-separated structure, and each phase is insulated from each other, and the number of pole pairs of the cage bars is the same as that of the torque winding. The cage bar cuts the torque winding magnetic field to generate a rotating magnetic field, which has the same number of pole pairs as the torque winding magnetic field; while the cage bar cuts the suspension winding magnetic field and the static bias magnetic field does not generate a rotating magnetic field.
本发明进一步的改进方案是，所述悬浮绕组位于转矩绕组的外侧，所述悬浮绕组的极对数和转矩绕组的极对数不等，所述悬浮绕组由直流电源供电。A further improvement of the present invention is that the suspension winding is located outside the torque winding, the number of pole pairs of the suspension winding is different from that of the torque winding, and the suspension winding is powered by a DC power supply.
本发明进一步的改进方案是，所述左定子铁心和右定子锥形磁轴承铁心的x和y方向上安装有垂直于转子表面的径向位移传感器。A further improvement solution of the present invention is that radial displacement sensors perpendicular to the rotor surface are installed in the x and y directions of the left stator core and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core.
本发明进一步的改进方案是，所述环形永磁体由稀土永磁材料制成。A further improvement solution of the present invention is that the annular permanent magnet is made of rare earth permanent magnet material.
本发明进一步的改进方案是，所述左定子铁心、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心、转子铁心、转轴均由导磁材料制成。A further improvement solution of the present invention is that the left stator core, the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core, the rotor core and the rotating shaft are all made of magnetically permeable materials.
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下明显优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following obvious advantages:
本发明由一个轴向磁化的环形永磁体为左侧电机和右侧电机提供静态偏置磁通，左侧的悬浮绕组由直流电源供电，为左侧电机提供悬浮控制磁通，悬浮控制磁通调节静态偏置磁通，在左侧转子上产生径向悬浮力，控制左侧转子径向两自由度稳定悬浮；右侧的悬浮绕组通电产生右侧悬浮控制磁通，右侧悬浮控制磁通调节偏置磁通，在右端锥形转子上产生垂直于表面的悬浮力，该悬浮力可分解为径向和轴向三个自由度，控制转子右侧径向两自由度和轴向单自由度稳定悬浮。因此，悬浮控制、转矩控制相互独立且笼型导条数目为偶数，笼型导条采用分相结构，笼型导条极对数与转矩绕组极对数相同，笼型导条切割转矩绕组磁场，产生感应电流，该感应电流形成的旋转磁场与转矩绕组磁场极对数相同；而悬浮绕组磁场和永磁体磁场在笼型导条无感应旋转磁场产生。因此，不但可产生较大的径向悬浮力，而且控制简单和易于实现的优点，可广泛应用于飞轮储能、各种高速机床主轴电机和密封泵类、离心机、压缩机、高速小型硬盘驱动装置等高速直接驱动领域。In the present invention, an axially magnetized annular permanent magnet provides static bias magnetic flux for the left motor and the right motor, and the suspension winding on the left is powered by a DC power supply to provide the suspension control magnetic flux for the left motor, and the suspension control magnetic flux Adjust the static bias flux to generate a radial levitation force on the left rotor, and control the left rotor to levitate stably with two degrees of freedom in the radial direction; the levitation winding on the right is energized to generate the right levitation control flux, and the right levitation control flux Adjust the bias flux to generate a levitation force perpendicular to the surface on the right conical rotor. The levitation force can be decomposed into three degrees of freedom in the radial and axial directions, and control the two degrees of freedom in the radial direction and the single axial freedom on the right side of the rotor. stable suspension. Therefore, suspension control and torque control are independent of each other and the number of cage bars is an even number. The cage bar adopts a phase-separated structure. The magnetic field of the torque winding generates an induced current, and the rotating magnetic field formed by the induced current has the same number of pole pairs as the magnetic field of the torque winding; while the magnetic field of the suspension winding and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet are generated without induction of the rotating magnetic field in the cage bar. Therefore, it can not only generate a large radial suspension force, but also has the advantages of simple control and easy realization, and can be widely used in flywheel energy storage, various high-speed machine tool spindle motors and sealed pumps, centrifuges, compressors, high-speed small hard disks Drives and other high-speed direct drive fields.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的轴向结构与偏置磁路示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the axial structure and bias magnetic circuit of the present invention.
图2为本发明左、右两侧电机绕组排列与径向磁路示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the motor windings on the left and right sides and the radial magnetic circuit of the present invention.
图3为本发明左、右两侧电机转子笼型导条U相连接示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of U-phase connection of the motor rotor cage guide bars on the left and right sides of the present invention.
图4为本发明左、右两侧电机转子笼型导条V相连接示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of V-phase connection of the motor rotor cage guide bars on the left and right sides of the present invention.
图5为本发明左、右两侧电机转子笼型导条W相连接示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the W-phase connection of the motor rotor cage bars on the left and right sides of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1-5所示的以定子槽数为12槽，悬浮绕组极对数为1，转矩绕组极对数为2，三相电机为例来详细说明：As shown in Figure 1-5, take the number of stator slots as 12 slots, the number of pole pairs of the suspension winding as 1, the number of pole pairs of the torque winding as 2, and a three-phase motor as an example to explain in detail:
一种五自由度定子永磁式无轴承异步电机，包括位于电机壳体内的定子1和位于定子1内圈里的转子2，定子1包括连为一体的左定子铁心3、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4、轴向磁化的环形永磁体5，所述环形永磁体5连接在左定子铁心3和右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4之间，所述左定子铁心3、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4上开设有定子槽，所述左定子铁心3和右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4的定子槽内设有悬浮绕组6和转矩绕组7，所述转子2包括转轴8和箍设在转轴8外周的转子铁心9，所述转子铁心9的左端设有柱形凸台10，所述柱形凸台10与左定子铁心3径向对齐且两者之间留有径向气隙，所述转子铁心9的右端为与右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4对应的锥体11，所述锥体11与右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4之间留有气隙，柱形凸台10的表面和锥体11的表面开有转子槽，所述转子槽中浇注有笼型导条12。A five-degree-of-freedom stator permanent magnet bearingless asynchronous motor, including a stator 1 located in the motor housing and a rotor 2 located in the inner ring of the stator 1, the stator 1 includes a left stator core 3 connected as a whole, a right stator conical Magnetic bearing core 4, axially magnetized annular permanent magnet 5, the annular permanent magnet 5 is connected between the left stator core 3 and the right stator conical magnetic bearing core 4, the left stator core 3, the right stator conical magnetic A stator slot is opened on the bearing core 4, and the stator slots of the left stator core 3 and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core 4 are provided with a suspension winding 6 and a torque winding 7, and the rotor 2 includes a rotating shaft 8 and a hoop. The rotor core 9 on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 8, the left end of the rotor core 9 is provided with a cylindrical boss 10, the cylindrical boss 10 is radially aligned with the left stator core 3 and there is a radial air gap between them, The right end of the rotor core 9 is a cone 11 corresponding to the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core 4, there is an air gap between the cone 11 and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core 4, and the cylindrical boss 10 The surface and the surface of the cone 11 are provided with rotor grooves, and cage-shaped guide bars 12 are poured into the rotor grooves.
左定子铁心3、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4上开设的定子槽数目相同，所述左定子铁心3、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4上的转矩绕组7极对数相同，所述笼型导条12的数目为偶数，笼型导条12采用分相结构，笼型导条12的极对数与转矩绕组7的极对数相同，笼型导条切割转矩绕组磁场，产生的转子旋转磁场与转矩绕组磁场极对数相同；而悬浮绕组磁场与永磁体磁场在笼型导条中不感应出转子旋转磁场。转矩是由两侧的转矩绕组磁场与相应的转子旋转磁场相互作用产生，五自由度无轴承异步电机的总转矩为两端的旋转转矩之和。The number of stator slots opened on the left stator core 3 and the right stator conical magnetic bearing core 4 is the same, the number of pole pairs of the torque winding 7 on the left stator core 3 and the right stator conical magnetic bearing core 4 is the same, and the cage The number of guide bars 12 is an even number, and the cage bar 12 adopts a phase-splitting structure. The number of pole pairs of the cage bar 12 is the same as that of the torque winding 7, and the cage bar cuts the magnetic field of the torque winding to generate The rotor rotating magnetic field and the torque winding magnetic field have the same number of pole pairs; while the suspension winding magnetic field and the permanent magnet magnetic field do not induce the rotor rotating magnetic field in the cage bar. The torque is generated by the interaction between the torque winding magnetic field on both sides and the corresponding rotor rotating magnetic field. The total torque of the five-degree-of-freedom bearingless asynchronous motor is the sum of the rotating torque at both ends.
悬浮绕组6位于转矩绕组7的外侧，悬浮绕组6的极对数和转矩绕组7的极对数不等，不受P B=P M±1条件限制，悬浮绕组6由直流电源供电，通电产生悬浮磁通为左右侧电机提供相应的悬浮力。The suspension winding 6 is located outside the torque winding 7, the number of pole pairs of the suspension winding 6 and the number of pole pairs of the torque winding 7 are not equal , and are not limited by the condition of P B = PM ± 1, and the suspension winding 6 is powered by a DC power supply. The levitation magnetic flux generated by electrification provides the corresponding levitation force for the left and right motors.
左定子铁心3和右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4的x和y方向上安装有垂直于转子表面的径向位移传感器13，位移传感器垂直于转子表面，用于检测左、右两侧转子的偏移量，分别建立左、右两侧的位移闭环控制系统，给转子施加与偏移方向相反的力即可让转子回到平衡位置，实现转子五自由度稳定悬浮实现转子五自由度稳定悬浮。Radial displacement sensors 13 perpendicular to the rotor surface are installed on the x and y directions of the left stator core 3 and the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core 4. The displacement sensors are perpendicular to the rotor surface and are used to detect the deflection of the left and right rotors. Displacement, the displacement closed-loop control system on the left and right sides is respectively established, and the rotor can be returned to the equilibrium position by applying a force opposite to the offset direction to realize the stable suspension of the rotor with five degrees of freedom.
环形永磁体5由稀土永磁材料制成。左定子铁心3、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4、转子铁心9均由导磁材料制成。The annular permanent magnet 5 is made of rare earth permanent magnet material. The left stator core 3, the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core 4, and the rotor core 9 are all made of magnetically conductive materials.
其中，环形永磁体的N极在右、S极在左，环形永磁体为电机提供静态偏置磁通14，静态偏置磁通14的磁路为：磁通从环形永磁体的N极出发，通过右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4、右侧气隙、转子右的锥体、转子铁心左端的柱形凸台、左侧径向气隙、左定子铁心回到环形永磁体的S极；左侧的悬浮绕组为直流电源供电，为左侧提供悬浮控制磁通15，其磁路为：左定子铁心上侧、上侧径向气隙、转子、下侧径向气隙、左定子铁心下侧，再经过对应电机的定子轭，构成闭合回路；右侧的悬浮绕组产生的悬浮控制磁通16的磁路为：右定子锥形磁轴承铁心4上侧、上侧气隙、转子锥体、下侧气隙、右定子锥形磁轴承铁心下侧，再经过右侧电机的定子轭，构成闭合回路；静态偏置磁通14、悬浮控制磁通15相互作用，在左侧转子上产生径向两自由度悬浮力；静态偏置磁通14、悬浮控制磁通16相互作用，在右侧转子的锥体上产生径向和轴向三自由度悬浮力；悬浮绕组，转矩绕组均采用导电良好的电磁线圈绕制后侵漆烘干而成。Among them, the N pole of the annular permanent magnet is on the right, and the S pole is on the left. The annular permanent magnet provides the static bias magnetic flux 14 for the motor. The magnetic circuit of the static bias magnetic flux 14 is: the magnetic flux starts from the N pole of the annular permanent magnet , return to the S pole of the annular permanent magnet through the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core 4, the right air gap, the right cone of the rotor, the cylindrical boss at the left end of the rotor core, the left radial air gap, and the left stator core; The levitation winding on the left is powered by DC power supply and provides levitation control magnetic flux 15 to the left side. Its magnetic circuit is: the upper side of the left stator core, the upper radial air gap, the rotor, the lower radial air gap, and the left stator core The lower side passes through the stator yoke of the corresponding motor to form a closed loop; the magnetic circuit of the suspension control magnetic flux 16 generated by the suspension winding on the right is: the upper side of the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core 4, the upper air gap, and the rotor cone. The body, the lower air gap, the lower side of the right stator tapered magnetic bearing core, and then pass through the stator yoke of the right motor to form a closed loop; the static bias magnetic flux 14 and the suspension control magnetic flux 15 interact with each other, and on the left rotor Generate radial two-degree-of-freedom levitation force; static bias flux 14 and levitation control flux 16 interact to generate radial and axial three-degree-of-freedom levitation force on the cone of the right rotor; levitation winding, torque winding They are all made of electromagnetic coils with good electrical conductivity, which are then varnished and dried.
左、右两侧的定子槽内层的转矩绕组排列方式相同，与普通异步电机相同；悬浮绕组则分为x方向悬浮控制绕组和y方向悬浮控制绕组，x方向控制绕组包括绕组L X1~ L X12，按照图2所示的方向串联即可；y方向悬浮控制绕组包括绕组L Y1~ L Y12，按照图2所示的方向串联即可。The arrangement of the torque windings on the inner layers of the stator slots on the left and right sides is the same as that of ordinary asynchronous motors; the suspension windings are divided into x- direction suspension control windings and y -direction suspension control windings, and the x -direction control windings include windings L X1 ~ L X12 can be connected in series according to the direction shown in Figure 2; the suspension control winding in the y direction includes windings L Y1 ~ LY12 can be connected in series according to the direction shown in Figure 2.
在转子槽中浇注的笼型导条外层绝缘，以转子槽为12槽为例，通过端接部分将其分相，由于转矩绕组为3相4极，转子导条相数和极数必须与转矩绕组相同，因此导条也分为3相4极，即导条、、、短接为一相；导条、、、短接为一相；导条、、、短接为一相；且三相之间相互绝缘。按照此种方式设置，在该电机运行时，悬浮绕组磁场、转矩绕组磁场和永磁体产生的偏置磁场三者中只有转矩绕组磁场在转子导条中会产生转子旋转磁场。The outer layer of the cage-shaped guide bar cast in the rotor slot is insulated. Taking the rotor slot as an example with 12 slots, the phases are separated through the terminal part. Since the torque winding is 3 phases and 4 poles, the number of phases and poles of the rotor bar It must be the same as the torque winding, so the bar is also divided into 3 phases and 4 poles, that is, the bar , , , Short circuit for one phase; guide bar , , , Short circuit for one phase; guide bar , , , Short circuit is one phase; and the three phases are insulated from each other. Set in this way, when the motor is running, only the torque winding magnetic field among the suspension winding magnetic field, the torque winding magnetic field and the bias magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet will generate the rotor rotating magnetic field in the rotor bar.
本发明未涉及部分均与现有技术相同或可采用现有技术加以实现。The parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be realized by adopting the prior art.
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| CN114198403A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-03-18 | 淮阴工学院 | A five-degree-of-freedom hybrid magnetic bearing |
| CN117489701A (en) * | 2023-09-15 | 2024-02-02 | 淮阴工学院 | A hybrid excitation asymmetric four-degree-of-freedom magnetic bearing and its parameter design method |
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