CN108599249B - Grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system - Google Patents
Grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system Download PDFInfo
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- H02J3/385—
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
- G01K7/24—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit
- G01K7/25—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit for modifying the output characteristic, e.g. linearising
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00019—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using optical means
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/70—Smart grids as climate change mitigation technology in the energy generation sector
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/12—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation
- Y04S10/123—Monitoring or controlling equipment for energy generation units, e.g. distributed energy generation [DER] or load-side generation the energy generation units being or involving renewable energy sources
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/124—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wired telecommunication networks or data transmission busses
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system, which comprises a photovoltaic driving circuit, a one-way photovoltaic grid-connected circuit, a temperature transmitting circuit, an optical fiber interface circuit and an optical fiber transmission and relay control circuit, wherein the photovoltaic driving circuit is connected with the one-way photovoltaic grid-connected circuit; the photovoltaic driving circuit adopts a highly integrated level conversion technology, the control requirement of a logic circuit on a power device is greatly simplified, meanwhile, the reliability of the driving circuit is improved, the driving circuit is provided with 6 IGBTs, the driving circuit can be driven only by 3 chips, the functions of soft switching and inversion are realized through dsp2812 control, the control transformer volume and the power supply number are greatly reduced in engineering, optical fiber transmission is used for connecting a remote computer, a relay control circuit is controlled through signals, the relay control circuit realizes that the switching temperature of the photovoltaic circuit is changed into the temperature when the power circuit is used for detecting the photovoltaic power generation, the optical fiber transmission can be carried out to the remote computer, the remote control can be realized, the safety performance is higher, and the creativity is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system.
Background
Solar energy is generated by hydrogen-helium fusion of hydrogen atoms inside the sun to release huge nuclear energy, and is the radiant energy from the sun. The vast majority of human energy needs comes directly or indirectly from the sun. The plants release oxygen, absorb carbon dioxide through photosynthesis, and convert solar energy into chemical energy to be stored in the plants. Fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like are primary energy sources formed by long-term geological evolution of ancient animals and plants buried underground. The energy that the earth itself contains generally refers to energy sources related to thermal energy inside the earth and energy sources related to nuclear reactions. The energy source associated with nuclear reactions is precisely nuclear energy. When the structure of the atomic nucleus is changed, a large amount of energy can be released, which is called nuclear energy, nuclear energy for short, and atomic energy is commonly called. It comes from nuclear fission energy resources at the time of fission reaction of uranium, plutonium, etc. stored in the earth's crust, and nuclear fusion energy resources at the time of fusion reaction of deuterium, tritium, lithium, etc. stored in the sea. These substances release energy when a nuclear reaction occurs. The largest use of nuclear energy is power generation at present. In addition, it may be used as other types of power sources, heat sources, and the like. The energy source of solar energy is energy source (mainly solar energy) from celestial bodies outside the earth, and is huge energy released by fusion of hydrogen atomic nuclei in the sun at ultrahigh temperature, and most of energy required by human beings is directly or indirectly from the sun. Fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum, natural gas and the like required by our lives are formed by long geological ages of animals and plants buried underground after various plants convert solar energy into chemical energy through photosynthesis and store the chemical energy in plant bodies. In addition, water energy, wind energy, wave energy, ocean current energy and the like are converted from solar energy. Scientific research shows that the solar energy irradiated on the earth is huge, and about 40 minutes of solar energy irradiated on the earth is enough for the consumption of energy of human beings all over the world for one year. Solar energy is really inexhaustible energy. And the solar energy is absolutely clean in power generation, does not generate public nuisance and completely meets the selection standard of new energy under the current global energy crisis. In a patent document with the patent number CN201010269731, a tracking solar photovoltaic power generation system is disclosed, which makes sunlight always vertically irradiate on a receiving surface of a photovoltaic cell panel, so that the received solar radiation is greatly increased, and the energy utilization rate of a solar photovoltaic power generation device is improved.
The tracking control system comprises a ray tracking judging unit and a tracking main control circuit system, wherein the ray tracking judging unit is arranged on a photovoltaic cell panel support frame or a photovoltaic cell panel, can detect the sun position information at any moment and sends the information to the tracking main control circuit system for processing, thereby realizing the control of the tracking solar photovoltaic power generation system. However, a technical solution is lacked for how to provide a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system which has a simple structure, can realize remote control, has higher safety performance and complete functions.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system, which is used for solving the problem of how to provide a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system which is simple in structure, capable of realizing remote control, higher in safety performance and complete in function.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system, includes photovoltaic circuit, its characterized in that: the system comprises a photovoltaic driving circuit, a unidirectional photovoltaic grid-connected circuit, a temperature transmitting circuit, an optical fiber interface circuit and an optical fiber transmission and relay control circuit; the photovoltaic driving circuit adopts a highly integrated level conversion technology, greatly simplifies the control requirement of a logic circuit on a power device, simultaneously improves the reliability of the driving circuit, is provided with 6 IGBTs, can be driven only by 3 chips, realizes the functions of soft switching and inversion through dsp2812 control, greatly reduces the volume and the number of power supplies of a control transformer in engineering, adopts optical fiber transmission to be connected with a remote computer, controls a relay control circuit through signals, realizes the switching temperature conversion circuit of the photovoltaic circuit to detect the temperature change during photovoltaic power generation through the relay control circuit, can transmit the temperature change to the remote computer through optical fiber, adopts a pre-stage dc/dc bus voltage stabilization for the unidirectional photovoltaic grid-connected circuit, and provides a method for directly controlling the maximum power point tracking by the output current of a grid-connected system for a converter on the basis of disturbance observation and instantaneous current control, the maximum power point tracking control is carried out by detecting the output current of the converter only by taking the magnitude of the output current of the converter as a judgment basis, so that the control algorithm is simplified, the rapidity of mppt is improved, a voltage sensor and a current sensor in a disturbance observation method are saved, and the system cost is reduced.
Preferably, the temperature transmitting circuit can detect the measured parameter ge and convert the measured parameter ge into an input signal five which can be received by the amplifier, the isolator is used for isolating the input and the output of the instrument, so that harmful small signals on the site cannot be transmitted to the instrument at the next stage r, the isolation between the site and a control room is realized, the feedback part converts the output signal of the transmitter into a feedback signal epitaxy and then transmits the feedback signal epitaxy to the input end, and the algebraic sum of Z and the zeroing signal epitaxy is compared with the feedback signal base, the difference is amplified and converted into a standard output signal y.
Preferably, the thermal resistance of the temperature transmitter converts the current signal into a voltage signal, and the voltage signal is input into an XTRl03 chip by J1-1, J1-2 and J1-3, the chip linearly compensates the thermal resistance input characteristic, wherein, the XTRl03 adjusts zero point by a rheostat W1, the full range is adjusted by W2, the signal of the thermal resistance is overcompensated and voltage current converted, then a current signal with large fluctuation of 4 mA-20 mA is output by a 20 pin of the XTRl03, the signal is filtered by C1 and C5 before being transmitted to the isolator, the signal is converted into lV-5V DC voltage signal by R3, the isolator has the following formula of 1: 1, transmitting the signal to a voltage and current conversion part, and converting the signal into an extremely stable linear current signal of 4-20 mA through an amplifier F741 and two triodes.
Preferably, the optical fiber interface circuit is based on a 1394b asynchronous transmission mechanism, adopts the FPGA as a central processor to complete 1394b interface design, takes the realization of communication between the 1394b interface of the PC and a serial port of the PC as an example, realizes that an RS232 interface is connected with the PC through the FPGA to perform system performance test, and realizes the compatibility of the 1394b optical fiber bus and a universal bus protocol device.
Preferably, the optical fiber transmission is performed at an input side, the PCM terminal converts an analog signal into a digital signal (a/D conversion), PCM encodes the digital signal, multiplexes the multiplexed digital signal and combines the multiplexed digital signal to output a high-bit digital signal, the PCM terminal converts an optical signal into an electrical signal at an output side, amplifies and reproduces the electrical signal to restore an original transmission signal and outputs the signal to a user terminal, and the input/output interface performs matching of a code pattern, a level and impedance between the optical transmission/reception terminal and the PCM terminal.
Preferably, the sampling process of the optical fiber transmission is to sample the analog signal at a certain sampling frequency f or time interval T, and change the instantaneous value of the original signal into a series of discontinuous pulses with equal distances, and the quantization process is to measure the amplitude value of the sampled pulse by using a standard amplitude, and distribute the amplitude value to a limited number of different amplitude levels by using a rounding method, and the coding process is to replace the quantized signal by using a group of binary pulses with different combinations.
Preferably, when the relay control circuit NPN transistor is driven: when the base of the transistor T1 is inputted with a high level, the transistor is saturated and turned on, and the collector becomes a low level, so that the relay coil is energized and the contact RL1 is pulled in, and when the base of the transistor T1 is inputted with a low level, the transistor is turned off, the relay coil is de-energized and the contact RL1 is opened.
Preferably, the unidirectional photovoltaic grid-connected circuit is composed of a photovoltaic grid-connected controller, a converter, a filter inductor and a photovoltaic array, in fig. 1, vpv is output voltage of the photovoltaic array, vdc is voltage of a flat-wave capacitor, ic is grid-connected, es is voltage of a power grid, rl in an equivalent circuit diagram of the inverter is equivalent resistance of the filter inductor, and rp is equivalent resistance of loss of the inverter.
(III) advantageous effects
The photovoltaic driving circuit adopts a highly integrated level conversion technology, greatly simplifies the control requirement of a logic circuit on a power device, simultaneously improves the reliability of the driving circuit, is provided with 6 IGBTs, can be driven only by 3 chips, realizes the functions of soft switching and inversion through the control of dsp2812, greatly reduces the volume and the number of power supplies of a control transformer in engineering, is connected with a remote computer through optical fiber transmission, controls a relay control circuit through signals, realizes the switching temperature conversion circuit of the photovoltaic circuit to detect the temperature change during photovoltaic power generation through the relay control circuit, and can transmit the temperature change to the remote computer through the optical fiber.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic drive circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a unidirectional photovoltaic grid-connected circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the temperature transmitting circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fiber optic interface circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a functional block diagram of the fiber optic transmission of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a relay control circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system comprises a photovoltaic circuit, a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit and a control circuit, wherein the photovoltaic circuit comprises a photovoltaic driving circuit, a one-way photovoltaic grid-connected circuit, a temperature transmitting circuit, an optical fiber interface circuit and an optical fiber transmission and relay control circuit; the photovoltaic driving circuit adopts a highly integrated level conversion technology, greatly simplifies the control requirement of a logic circuit on a power device, simultaneously improves the reliability of the driving circuit, is provided with 6 IGBTs, can be driven only by 3 chips, realizes the functions of soft switching and inversion through the control of dsp2812, greatly reduces the volume and the number of power supplies of a control transformer in engineering, adopts optical fiber transmission to be connected with a remote computer, controls a relay control circuit through signals, realizes the switching temperature change circuit of the photovoltaic circuit to detect the temperature change during photovoltaic power generation through the relay control circuit, can transmit the temperature change circuit to the remote computer through optical fiber, adopts a front-stage dc/dc to stabilize the voltage of a bus by a unidirectional photovoltaic grid-connected circuit, and provides a direct control point tracking method of the output current of a grid-connected system for the converter on the basis of a disturbance observation method and instantaneous current control, the maximum power point tracking control is carried out by detecting the output current of the converter only by taking the magnitude of the output current of the converter as a judgment basis, so that the control algorithm is simplified, the rapidity of mppt is improved, a voltage sensor and a current sensor in a disturbance observation method are saved, and the system cost is reduced.
The temperature transmitter circuit shown in fig. 3 can detect the measured parameter ge and convert it into an input signal five which can be received by the amplifier, the isolator is used for isolating the input and the output of the instrument, so that some harmful small signals on the site can not be transmitted to the instrument at the next stage r, thereby realizing the isolation between the site and the control room, the feedback part converts the output signal of the transmitter into a feedback signal epitaxy, and then transmits the feedback signal epitaxy to the input end, and the algebraic sum of Z and the zeroing signal epitaxy is compared with the feedback signal base, and the difference is amplified and converted into a standard output signal y.
The thermal resistance of the temperature transmitting circuit converts the current signal into the voltage signal and inputs the voltage signal into the XTRl03 chip by J1-1, J1-2 and J1-3, the chip linearly compensates the thermal resistance input characteristic, wherein, the XTRl03 adjusts the zero point by the rheostat W1, the full range is adjusted by W2, the signal of the thermal resistance is overcompensated and voltage current converted, the 20 pin of the XTRl03 outputs the current signal with large fluctuation of 4 mA-20 mA, the signal is filtered by C1 and C5 before being transmitted to the isolator, the R3 is converted into the DC voltage signal of lV-5V, the isolator has the following steps of 1: 1, transmitting the signal to a voltage and current conversion part, and converting the signal into an extremely stable linear current signal of 4-20 mA through an amplifier F741 and two triodes.
The optical fiber interface circuit shown in fig. 4 is based on 1394b asynchronous transmission mechanism, adopts FPGA as central processor to complete 1394b interface design, and takes the implementation of communication between PC 1394b interface and PC serial port as an example, and implements RS232 interface connection with PC through FPGA to perform system performance test, and implements compatibility between 1394b optical fiber bus and universal bus protocol device.
As shown in fig. 5, in the optical fiber transmission, at the input side, the PCM terminal converts an analog signal into a digital signal (a/D conversion), PCM encodes the digital signal, multiplexes the multiplexed signal and combines the multiplexed signal to output a high-bit digital signal, at the output side, the PCM terminal converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, amplifies and reproduces the electrical signal to restore the original transmission signal and outputs the signal to the user terminal, and the input/output interface performs matching of the code pattern, level and impedance between the optical transmitter/receiver and the PCM terminal.
The optical fiber transmission sampling process is characterized by that it uses a certain sampling frequency f or time interval T to sample analog signal, and changes the instantaneous value of original signal into a series of equidistant discontinuous pulses, and its quantization process is characterized by that it uses a standard amplitude to measure the amplitude value of sampling pulse, and uses a rounding method to distribute it to limited different amplitude levels, and its coding process is characterized by that it uses a group of binary pulses different in combination mode to replace quantized signal.
When the relay control circuit NPN transistor shown in fig. 6 is driven: when the base of the transistor T1 is inputted with a high level, the transistor is saturated and turned on, and the collector becomes a low level, so that the relay coil is energized and the contact RL1 is pulled in, and when the base of the transistor T1 is inputted with a low level, the transistor is turned off, the relay coil is de-energized and the contact RL1 is opened.
The unidirectional photovoltaic grid-connected circuit shown in fig. 2 is composed of a photovoltaic grid-connected controller, a converter, a filter inductor and a photovoltaic array, wherein in fig. 1, vpv is output voltage of the photovoltaic array, vdc is voltage of a flat-wave capacitor, ic is grid-connected, es is voltage of a power grid, rl in an equivalent circuit diagram of the inverter is equivalent resistance of the filter inductor, and rp is equivalent resistance of loss of the inverter.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system, includes photovoltaic circuit, its characterized in that: the system comprises a photovoltaic driving circuit, a unidirectional photovoltaic grid-connected circuit, a temperature transmitting circuit, an optical fiber interface circuit and an optical fiber transmission and relay control circuit; the photovoltaic driving circuit adopts a highly integrated level conversion technology, simplifies the control requirement of a logic circuit on a power device, and simultaneously improves the reliability of the driving circuit, the photovoltaic driving circuit is provided with 6 IGBTs, can be driven by only 3 dsp2812 chips, realizes the functions of soft switching and inversion through the control of the dsp2812 chip, reduces the volume and the number of power supplies of a control transformer in engineering, adopts optical fiber transmission to be connected with a remote computer, controls a relay control circuit through signals, realizes the switching temperature conversion circuit of the photovoltaic circuit to detect the temperature change during photovoltaic power generation by the relay control circuit, and transmits the temperature change to the remote computer through optical fibers, adopts a pre-stage dc/dc to stabilize the voltage of a bus, and provides a method for directly controlling the maximum power point tracking by the output current of a grid-connected system on the basis of a disturbance observation method and instantaneous current control for a converter, the maximum power point tracking control is carried out by detecting the output current of the converter only by taking the magnitude of the output current of the converter as a judgment basis, so that the control algorithm is simplified, the rapidity of mppt is improved, a voltage sensor and a current sensor in a disturbance observation method are saved, and the system cost is reduced;
the temperature transmitting circuit can detect the temperature parameter to be measured and convert the temperature parameter to an input signal which can be received by the amplifier, the isolator is used for isolating the input and the output of the instrument, so that some harmful signals on the site can not be transmitted to the next-level instrument, the isolation between the site and a control room is realized, the feedback part converts the output signal of the isolator into a feedback signal and then transmits the feedback signal to the input end, and the algebraic sum of the input signal and the zero-setting signal is compared with the feedback signal, differentially amplified and converted into a standard output signal;
the thermal resistor of the temperature transmitting circuit converts a current signal into a voltage signal and inputs the voltage signal into an XTRl03 chip through signal interfaces J1, J1-2 and J1-3, the XTRl03 chip linearly compensates the input characteristic of the thermal resistor, wherein the XTRl03 chip adjusts zero through a rheostat W1, the rheostat W2 adjusts the full-scale range, the signal of the thermal resistor is overcompensated and subjected to voltage current conversion, a current signal with large fluctuation of 4 mA-20 mA is output from a pin 20 of the XTRl03 chip, the signal is filtered through C1 and C5 before being transmitted to an isolator, the signal is converted into an lV-5V direct current voltage signal through R3, and the isolator adopts the following steps of 1: 1, transmitting the signal to a voltage and current conversion part, and converting the signal into an extremely stable linear current signal of 4-20 mA through an amplifier F741 and two triodes.
2. The grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical fiber interface circuit is based on a 1394b asynchronous transmission mechanism, adopts the FPGA as a central processor to complete 1394b interface design, takes the realization of communication between a PC 1394b interface and a PC serial port as an example, realizes that an RS232 interface is connected with a PC through the FPGA to carry out system performance test, and realizes the compatibility of a 1394b optical fiber bus and universal bus protocol equipment.
3. The grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical fiber transmission is at the input side, the PCM terminal machine converts the analog signal into the digital signal, PCM codes, multiplexes and combines the signals, thereby outputting the digital signal with high bit, at the output side, the PCM terminal machine converts the optical signal into the electric signal, amplifies and regenerates the electric signal, recovers the original transmitted signal and outputs the user end, and the input/output interface realizes the matching of the code pattern, the level and the impedance between the optical transmitting/receiving terminal machine and the PCM terminal machine.
4. The grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the optical fiber transmission sampling process is to sample the analog signal at a certain sampling frequency f or time interval T to change the instantaneous value of the original signal into a series of discontinuous pulses with equal distances, and the quantization process is to measure the amplitude value of the sampled pulse with a standard amplitude and distribute the amplitude value to a limited number of different amplitude levels by a rounding method, i.e. to replace the quantized signal with a group of binary pulses with different combination modes.
5. The grid-connected solar photovoltaic power generation safety circuit system according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the relay control circuit NPN transistor is driven: when the base of the transistor T1 is inputted with a high level, the transistor is saturated and turned on, and the collector becomes a low level, so that the relay coil is energized and the contact RL1 is pulled in, and when the base of the transistor T1 is inputted with a low level, the transistor is turned off, the relay coil is de-energized and the contact RL1 is opened.
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