CN108596521B - Quantitative analysis method for influence of foreign electricity on auxiliary service of receiving-end power grid - Google Patents

Quantitative analysis method for influence of foreign electricity on auxiliary service of receiving-end power grid Download PDF

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CN108596521B
CN108596521B CN201810479058.7A CN201810479058A CN108596521B CN 108596521 B CN108596521 B CN 108596521B CN 201810479058 A CN201810479058 A CN 201810479058A CN 108596521 B CN108596521 B CN 108596521B
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程亮
赵楠
谢珍建
王蓓蓓
汪惟源
窦飞
高松
牛文娟
高骞
朱磊
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Southeast University
State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a quantitative analysis method for influence of district external electricity on auxiliary service of a receiving-end power grid, which comprises the following steps: (1) calculating the equivalent load time-sharing requirement of the receiving-end power grid after incoming calls outside the lead-in area as the time-sharing peak regulation requirement of the receiving-end power grid; (2) calculating a system power supply margin probability distribution function by using uncertainty models of wind power, a traditional unit and load, and calculating rotary reserve capacity according to the distribution function to serve as a time-sharing reserve demand of a receiving-end power grid; (3) adopting a three-section type output model equivalent region external electric model, and establishing a unit combination model comprising a plurality of types of units; (4) under the time-sharing peak shaving requirement and the time-sharing standby requirement, the start-stop state and the output change of the incoming call of the local unit in the presence or absence of the incoming call of the local unit are obtained by simulating the external electric model and the unit combination model. The invention can effectively guide the electric power enterprises to judge the reasonability of the capacitance and the characteristics outside the area according to the self power grid condition, thereby improving the feed-in safety of large power supplies outside the area.

Description

Quantitative analysis method for influence of foreign electricity on auxiliary service of receiving-end power grid
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a quantitative analysis method for influence of foreign electricity on auxiliary service of a receiving-end power grid.
Background
The economically developed areas of China are mostly in high-power-receiving-ratio receiving end systems. With the construction and operation of a large number of extra-high voltage projects and the synchronization of a large number of new energy sources, the power characteristics and the supply structure of a receiving-end power grid with high power receiving proportion are changed, so that the problems of reduced reliability, reduced peak regulation capacity and stable frequency of the system are caused. A high percentage of the power outside the weakly controllable zone requires more ancillary services from the receiving system to maintain system stability and reliability. Auxiliary services are particularly important for today's receiving end power grids.
The ultra-high voltage transmission channel can transmit electric energy from all directions to a receiving end, so that the external electric characteristics of a receiving end power grid are rich, and the receiving end power grid has the characteristics of large capacity and weak controllability, and has the characteristics of remote large hydropower, northwest large wind power, northern large thermal power, wind power and thermal power for bundling and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a quantitative analysis method for influence of regional external electricity on auxiliary service of a receiving-end power grid, in particular to quantitative analysis of influence of regional external electricity proportion and incoming call characteristics on peak regulation and standby of the receiving-end power grid, so that rationality and feed-in feasibility of regional external electricity characteristics and capacity are analyzed.
The technical scheme is as follows: the quantitative analysis method for the influence of the foreign electricity on the auxiliary service of the receiving-end power grid comprises the following steps:
(1) calculating the equivalent load time-sharing requirement of the receiving-end power grid after incoming calls outside the lead-in area as the time-sharing peak regulation requirement of the receiving-end power grid;
(2) calculating a system power supply margin probability distribution function according to a convolution principle by using uncertainty models of wind power, a traditional unit and load, and calculating to obtain a rotating reserve capacity under a set load loss rate according to the distribution function to serve as a time-sharing reserve demand of a receiving-end power grid;
(3) adopting a three-section type output model equivalent region external electric model, and establishing a unit combination model comprising a plurality of types of units;
(4) and (3) under the time-sharing peak shaving requirement calculated in the step (1) and the time-sharing standby requirement calculated in the step (2), simulating the external regional electricity model and the unit combination model to obtain the starting and stopping state and output change of the local unit in the presence or absence of the external regional call, and using the starting and stopping state and output change as the influence of the external regional electricity on the auxiliary service of the receiving-end power grid.
Further, the power supply margin probability distribution function in step (2) is specifically:
Figure BDA0001665276090000021
in the formula, PM(M is M) is a power supply margin probability distribution function when the power supply margin M of the system is M, M is the power supply margin of the system, W is a wind power output variable, G is a maximum power supply capacity variable of the power generation system, L is a load variable, M is W + G + (-L), W, G and L are three-dimensional random variables and are independent of each other, M, L and G represent specific values corresponding to M, L, G variables, P is a specific value corresponding to M, L and G, and M is a power supply margin probability distribution function when M is a value of M, M is a system power supply margin, W is a wind power output variable, G is a load variable, M is a three-dimensional random variable, P is a load variable, M, L and G are independent of a specific value corresponding to M, L, G variables, P is a load variable, and M is a system power supply marginW()、PG()、PL() Is the corresponding probability distribution function of variable W, G, L.
Further, the rotating reserve capacity at the set load loss rate in the step (2) is specifically: and calculating the absolute value of the power supply margin when the load loss rate is set according to the power supply margin probability distribution function.
Further, the electric model outside the region specifically includes:
Figure BDA0001665276090000022
Figure BDA0001665276090000023
in the formula:
Figure BDA0001665276090000024
respectively is the output, the maximum output and the minimum output of the area incoming call at the moment t;
Figure BDA0001665276090000025
the daily average output, N, of incoming calls outside the zonetIs the total number of times.
Further, the unit combination model including the multiple types of units specifically includes:
min∑F＝min∑(Cf+Cg+Cpgen+Cte)+∑Sf+Sg+Spgen+Sppm+Ccutwind+Ccutload
∑Rf+∑Rf,agc+∑Rg≤R0
∑Rcold+η∑Rf+λ∑Rg≤R0
∑Rf,agc≤1％·maxL
Figure BDA0001665276090000026
Figure BDA0001665276090000027
Figure BDA0001665276090000028
Figure BDA0001665276090000029
Figure BDA00016652760900000210
in the formula, Cf、Cg、Cpgen、CteRespectively representing the variable operation cost of thermal power, gas power, extraction and storage power generation and power transmission outside the district, Sf、Sg、Spgen、SppmRespectively shows the starting cost of thermal power, gas power, power generation of the pumping and storage unit and water pumping of the pumping and storage unit, Ccutwind、CcutloadRespectively representing the cost of abandoned wind and load shedding under extreme conditions; r0For system standby requirements, RfFor rotary standby in the case of thermal power, Rf,agcFor AGC reserve of thermal power, RgFor gas-electric standby, RcoldThe system is used for cold standby, L is a load, and eta and lambda are substitution standby coefficients of thermal power and gas power respectively; pf、
Figure BDA0001665276090000031
Respectively is the output, the maximum output and the minimum output of the thermal power generating unit IfFor starting or stopping variables of thermal power units, Pg、
Figure BDA0001665276090000032
The output and the maximum output of the gas-electric machine set are obtained;
Figure BDA0001665276090000033
Figure BDA0001665276090000034
respectively the minimum power generation power, the maximum power generation power and the actual power generation output at the moment t;
Figure BDA0001665276090000035
is a variable of 0 to 1, and when the variable is 1, the pumping and storing unit is in the power generation working condition at the moment t,
Figure BDA0001665276090000036
is a variable of 0-1, and when the variable is 1, the pumping unit is at the moment tUnder the working condition of pumping water,
Figure BDA0001665276090000037
Ppmrepresenting constant pumping power, and beta is a conversion coefficient.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the method can obtain the quantitative analysis result, better help the power enterprise to judge the reasonability of the external electrical characteristics and capacity and the feed-in feasibility, provide effective and reliable auxiliary service and increase the feed-in safety coefficient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general flow diagram of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of probability density of an ideal power supply margin;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of equivalent load requirements of a receiving-end power grid under incoming calls from different areas;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the demand of time-sharing backup of a receiving-end power grid in the case of an incoming call from different areas;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the number of local units that are powered on due to peak shaving;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the number of local units that are turned on due to standby;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the change of the local unit peak output rate caused by standby.
Detailed Description
The embodiment discloses a quantitative analysis method for influence of district external electricity on auxiliary service of a receiving-end power grid, as shown in fig. 1, including:
(1) and calculating the equivalent load time-sharing requirement of the receiving-end power grid after incoming calls outside the lead-in area as the time-sharing peak regulation requirement of the receiving-end power grid.
(2) By utilizing uncertainty models of wind power, traditional units and loads, a system power supply margin probability distribution function is worked out according to a convolution principle, and the rotating reserve capacity under a set load loss rate is calculated according to the distribution function and serves as the time-sharing reserve demand of a receiving-end power grid.
The power supply margin probability distribution function is specifically as follows:
Figure BDA0001665276090000041
in the formula, PM(M is M) is a power supply margin probability distribution function when the power supply margin M of the system is M, M is the power supply margin of the system, W is a wind power output variable, G is a maximum power supply capacity variable of the power generation system, L is a load variable, M is W + G + (-L), W, G and L are three-dimensional random variables and are independent of each other, M, L and G represent specific values corresponding to M, L, G variables, P is a specific value corresponding to M, L and G, and M is a power supply margin probability distribution function when M is a value of M, M is a system power supply margin, W is a wind power output variable, G is a load variable, M is a three-dimensional random variable, P is a load variable, M, L and G are independent of a specific value corresponding to M, L, G variables, P is a load variable, and M is a system power supply marginW()、PG()、PL() Is the corresponding probability distribution function of variable W, G, L.
The ideal power supply margin probability density map is shown in fig. 2. The power supply margin is larger than zero, which indicates that the system can meet the load requirement in the period; when the power supply margin is smaller than zero, the power generation system cannot completely meet the requirement of the load in the period, and the condition of insufficient power supply occurs. In this case, if it is desired that the system be able to supply power reliably, a certain spare capacity is required; if there is no backup, the system will be at risk of losing load, and the rate of losing load is the area shown in the figure. The rotating reserve capacity under the set load loss rate is specifically the absolute value of the power supply margin under the set load loss rate calculated according to the power supply margin probability distribution function, for example, under the requirement that the reliability standard of the system is 99.9%, the load loss rate should be less than 0.1%, and then the rotating reserve capacity of the system should be the corresponding absolute value of the power supply margin under the load loss rate of 0.1%.
(3) And adopting a three-section type external electric model of the output model equivalent area, and establishing a unit combination model containing multiple types of units.
Wherein the zone external electrical model is specifically:
Figure BDA0001665276090000042
Figure BDA0001665276090000043
in the formula: pout,t、
Figure BDA0001665276090000044
Respectively is the output, the maximum output and the minimum output of the area incoming call at the moment t;
Figure BDA0001665276090000045
the daily average output, N, of incoming calls outside the zonetIs the total number of times.
The unit combination model comprising the multiple types of units specifically comprises the following steps:
min∑F＝min∑(Cf+Cg+Cpgen+Cte)+∑Sf+Sg+Spgen+Sppm+Ccutwind+Ccutload
besides the power balance and network constraints, other constraints are as follows:
rotating for standby: sigma Rf+∑Rf,agc+∑Rg≤R0；
Replacement of standby requirements: sigma Rcold+η∑Rf+λ∑Rg≤R0；
AGC standby requirement: sigma Rf,agc≤1％·maxL；
Backup constraints on individual units:
Figure BDA0001665276090000051
output restraint of the unit:
Figure BDA0001665276090000052
in the formula, Cf、Cg、Cpgen、CteRespectively representing the variable operation cost of thermal power, gas power, extraction and storage power generation and power transmission outside the district, Sf、Sg、Spgen、SppmRespectively shows the starting cost of thermal power, gas power, power generation of the pumping and storage unit and water pumping of the pumping and storage unit, Ccutwind、CcutloadRespectively representing the cost of abandoned wind and load shedding under extreme conditions; r0For system standbyRequirement, RfFor rotary standby in the case of thermal power, Rf,agcFor AGC reserve of thermal power, RgFor gas-electric standby, RcoldThe system is used for cold standby, L is a load, and eta and lambda are substitution standby coefficients of thermal power and gas power respectively; pf、
Figure BDA0001665276090000053
Respectively is the output, the maximum output and the minimum output of the thermal power generating unit IfFor starting or stopping variables of thermal power units, Pg、
Figure BDA0001665276090000054
The output and the maximum output of the gas-electric machine set are obtained;
Figure BDA0001665276090000055
Figure BDA0001665276090000056
respectively the minimum power generation power, the maximum power generation power and the actual power generation output at the moment t;
Figure BDA0001665276090000057
is a variable of 0 to 1, and when the variable is 1, the pumping and storing unit is in the power generation working condition at the moment t,
Figure BDA0001665276090000058
is a variable of 0 to 1, and when the variable is 1, the pumping and storage unit is in the pumping working condition at the moment t,
Figure BDA0001665276090000059
Ppmrepresenting constant pumping power, and beta is a conversion coefficient.
(4) And (3) under the time-sharing peak shaving requirement calculated in the step (1) and the time-sharing standby requirement calculated in the step (2), simulating the external regional electricity model and the unit combination model to obtain the starting and stopping state and output change of the local unit in the presence or absence of the external regional call, and using the starting and stopping state and output change as the influence of the external regional electricity on the auxiliary service of the receiving-end power grid.
The regulation effect is not considered in wind power, photovoltaic, nuclear power and the like, and the specific output curve participates in unit combination dispatching simulation in dispatching.
The following description will be made using specific examples.
Set up 3 kinds of contrast schemes, set up 20000MW capacity in the planning into district's outer direct current thermal power, district's outer direct current hydroelectric power, district's outer direct current wind-powered electricity generation respectively, send into the receiving terminal by 2 special high voltage direct current passageways. The local machine assembly of the receiving-end power grid is as follows:
table 1 local installation of receiving end electric network
Figure BDA00016652760900000510
Figure BDA0001665276090000061
The equivalent load requirements of the receiving-end power grid under incoming calls from different areas are calculated, as shown in fig. 3, the outage probability distribution functions of all local units are convoluted, then the convolution is carried out on the outage probability distribution functions of the loads and the wind power, finally the convolution is carried out on the outage probability distribution functions of the incoming calls from the areas, and finally the power supply margin probability distribution functions are obtained. Under the requirement that the reliability standard of the system is 99.9%, the load loss rate is less than 0.1%, and the absolute value of the power supply margin corresponding to the rotation reserve capacity of the system is 0.1% of the load loss rate, namely the absolute value of the capacity corresponding to 0.1% is read from the power supply margin probability distribution function. Thus, corresponding standby requirements can be obtained at each moment, and fig. 4 shows the time-sharing standby requirements of the power grid at the receiving end of incoming calls outside different areas.
And then, calculating the output and start-stop conditions of the units under each constraint on a typical day by using the multi-type unit combination model.
(1) Influence due to peak shaving:
as shown in fig. 4, in the peak period, the peak shaving performance of 4 schemes is sequentially reduced, some existing thermal power generating units are cut off by the water-electricity and wind-electricity schemes, the scheduling starts and stops the more convenient gas-electricity generating units, the number of thermal power generating units is reduced, and the number of gas-electricity generating units and the output power are increased. In the valley period, along with the reduction of peak shaving performance, the output in the valley period is higher and higher, so that the power in the region needs to be reduced to match with the incoming call outside the region, the unit enters deeper peak shaving, even stops, and the number of the stops is more and more.
The weak peak regulation characteristic of an out-of-district incoming call has a great influence on a local unit with peak regulation capacity, except for occupying the main energy market of a generator in a district, some large-capacity base load units need to enter deep peak regulation, small-capacity units need to start and stop peak regulation, flexible and high-quality peak regulation resources such as gas units are more in short supply, and the existing gas units completely enter start and stop peak regulation.
(2) Influence due to standby
And comparing the standby requirements of the three power supply schemes respectively by adopting a reference scheme with the optimized standby requirements to obtain the influence of the standby requirements on the unit in the area. During peak and valley periods, the number of hot electric boilers in the area needs to be increased to provide more spinning reserve due to the increased demand for reserve, as shown in fig. 6. After the number of the units for starting up is increased, the unit needs to reduce the power under the condition that the load requirement is not changed. The average output of the thermal power generating unit in the peak period area is extruded to be below 60%; more units enter the deep peak shaving in the low valley section, and the average output rate of the units is reduced to below 45 percent, as shown in figure 7. Therefore, the standby requirement is increased due to the characteristics of the external power supply, the main energy market of the peak section of the unit in the area is greatly occupied, the peak regulation depth of the valley section is further deepened, and more start-stop expenses of the unit are paid out.
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. A quantitative analysis method for influence of foreign electricity on auxiliary service of a receiving-end power grid is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) calculating the equivalent load time-sharing requirement of the receiving-end power grid after incoming calls outside the lead-in area as the time-sharing peak regulation requirement of the receiving-end power grid;
(2) calculating a system power supply margin probability distribution function according to a convolution principle by using uncertainty models of wind power, a traditional unit and load, and calculating to obtain a rotating reserve capacity under a set load loss rate according to the distribution function to serve as a time-sharing reserve demand of a receiving-end power grid; the power supply margin probability distribution function is specifically as follows:
Figure FDA0003033596910000011
in the formula, PM(M is M) is a power supply margin probability distribution function when the power supply margin M of the system is M, M is the power supply margin of the system, W is a wind power output variable, G is a maximum power supply capacity variable of the power generation system, L is a load variable, M is W + G + (-L), W, G and L are three-dimensional random variables and are independent of each other, M, L and G represent specific values corresponding to M, L, G variables, P is a specific value corresponding to M, L and G, and M is a power supply margin probability distribution function when M is a value of M, M is a system power supply margin, W is a wind power output variable, G is a load variable, M is a three-dimensional random variable, P is a load variable, M, L and G are independent of a specific value corresponding to M, L, G variables, P is a load variable, and M is a system power supply marginW()、PG()、PL() The corresponding probability distribution function for variable W, G, L;
(3) adopting a three-section type output model equivalent region external electric model, and establishing a unit combination model comprising a plurality of types of units;
(4) and (3) under the time-sharing peak shaving requirement calculated in the step (1) and the time-sharing standby requirement calculated in the step (2), simulating the external regional electricity model and the unit combination model to obtain the starting and stopping state and output change of the local unit in the presence or absence of the external regional call, and using the starting and stopping state and output change as the influence of the external regional electricity on the auxiliary service of the receiving-end power grid.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the rotating reserve capacity under the set load loss rate in the step (2) is specifically as follows: and calculating the absolute value of the power supply margin when the load loss rate is set according to the power supply margin probability distribution function.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the zone external electric model specifically comprises:
Figure FDA0003033596910000012
Figure FDA0003033596910000013
in the formula: pout,t、
Figure FDA0003033596910000014
Respectively is the output, the maximum output and the minimum output of the area incoming call at the moment t;
Figure FDA0003033596910000015
the daily average output, N, of incoming calls outside the zonetIs the total number of times.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the unit combination model comprising the multi-type units specifically comprises the following steps:
min∑F＝min∑(Cf+Cg+Cpgen+Cte)+∑Sf+Sg+Spgen+Sppm+Ccutwind+Ccutload
Figure FDA0003033596910000021
in the formula, Cf、Cg、Cpgen、CteRespectively representing the variable operation cost of thermal power, gas power, extraction and storage power generation and power transmission outside the district, Sf、Sg、Spgen、SppmRespectively shows the starting cost of thermal power, gas power, power generation of the pumping and storage unit and water pumping of the pumping and storage unit, Ccutwind、CcutloadRespectively representing the cost of abandoned wind and load shedding under extreme conditions; r0For system standby requirements, RfFor rotary standby in the case of thermal power, Rf,agcFor AGC reserve of thermal power, RgFor gas-electric standby, RcoldFor cold standby, L is load, eta and lambda are respectively the substitutes of thermal power and gas powerA substitution coefficient; pf、
Figure FDA0003033596910000022
Respectively is the output, the maximum output and the minimum output of the thermal power generating unit IfFor starting or stopping variables of thermal power units, Pg、
Figure FDA0003033596910000023
The output and the maximum output of the gas-electric machine set are obtained;
Figure FDA0003033596910000024
Figure FDA0003033596910000025
respectively the minimum power generation power, the maximum power generation power and the actual power generation output at the moment t;
Figure FDA0003033596910000026
is a variable of 0 to 1, and when the variable is 1, the pumping and storing unit is in the power generation working condition at the moment t,
Figure FDA0003033596910000027
is a variable of 0 to 1, and when the variable is 1, the pumping and storage unit is in the pumping working condition at the moment t,
Figure FDA0003033596910000028
Ppmrepresenting constant pumping power, and beta is a conversion coefficient.
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