CN108594344B - Slit grating design method for weakening moire in LED naked eye 3D display - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
一、技术领域1. Technical field
本发明涉及裸眼3D(三维)显示技术领域，更具体地说，涉及在基于LED裸眼3D显示中一种弱化莫尔纹的狭缝光栅设计方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of naked-eye 3D (three-dimensional) display, and more particularly, to a design method of a slit grating for weakening moire in LED-based naked-eye 3D display.
二、背景技术2. Background technology
在观看狭缝光栅裸眼3D显示器时，观看者无需佩戴任何助视设备即能观看到立体图像。随着近年来狭缝光栅裸眼3D显示技术的成熟，大尺寸、高亮度、色彩鲜明并且无莫尔纹的狭缝光栅裸眼3D显示产品逐渐成为人们追求的目标。LED屏由于其具有大尺寸、高亮度、色彩鲜明等特点，适合用于大屏幕显示。然而，对于常规竖直狭缝光栅，其将透光条与显示屏的列像素平行摆放，当眼睛通过透光条看到相邻子像素之间的非发光部分时，一般会观看到明显的周期性亮暗渐变的条纹，即莫尔纹，严重影响了观看效果。When viewing a naked-eye 3D display with a slit grating, the viewer can view a stereoscopic image without wearing any visual aids. With the maturity of the slit grating naked-eye 3D display technology in recent years, the slit grating naked-eye 3D display products with large size, high brightness, bright color and no moiré pattern have gradually become the goal pursued by people. Because of its large size, high brightness, and bright colors, LED screens are suitable for large-screen display. However, for the conventional vertical slit grating, which arranges the light-transmitting strips in parallel with the column pixels of the display screen, when the eye sees the non-light-emitting part between adjacent sub-pixels through the light-transmitting strips, it is generally observed that the The periodic bright and dark gradient stripes, that is, moiré, seriously affect the viewing effect.
三、发明内容3. Content of the Invention
本发明公开了一种LED裸眼3D显示中弱化莫尔纹的狭缝光栅设计方法。该狭缝光栅设计方法的特征是根据LED屏的各像素之间非发光部分较宽的特点，通过适当增大狭缝光栅的透光条宽度和改变透光条的几何形状，来增加狭缝光栅的周期结构与LED屏的像素周期结构之间的差异，从而弱化莫尔纹。The invention discloses a slit grating design method for weakening moire patterns in LED naked-eye 3D display. The feature of the slit grating design method is to increase the slits by appropriately increasing the width of the light-transmitting strips of the slit grating and changing the geometrical shape of the light-transmitting strips according to the wide non-light-emitting part between the pixels of the LED screen. The difference between the periodic structure of the grating and the periodic structure of the pixels of the LED screen, thereby weakening the moiré.
该狭缝光栅设计方法包括以下三个具体步骤：The slit grating design method includes the following three specific steps:
第一步，测量LED屏的像素发光部分及像素非发光部分各自的宽度并计算常规竖直狭缝光栅的参数。附图1为狭缝光栅LED裸眼3D显示器的结构示意图和LED屏的像素结构图；附图2为狭缝光栅LED裸眼3D显示器的分光原理和参数示意图。设附图1和附图2中的LED屏的像素间距为p，狭缝光栅到LED屏的距离为D，狭缝光栅的透光条宽度为Ww，挡光条宽度为Wb，狭缝光栅的周期为T＝Wb+Ww，最佳观看位置到LED屏的距离为S，相邻视点间距按照人眼平均瞳距设为e，视点数设为K，其中K为大于等于2的自然数。各个参数之间的关系式为：The first step is to measure the respective widths of the pixel light-emitting part and the pixel non-light-emitting part of the LED screen and calculate the parameters of the conventional vertical slit grating. FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slit grating LED naked-eye 3D display and a pixel structure diagram of an LED screen; FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the spectroscopic principle and parameters of the slit grating LED naked-eye 3D display. Let the pixel pitch of the LED screen in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 be p, the distance from the slit grating to the LED screen is D, the width of the light-transmitting strip of the slit grating is W w , the width of the light-blocking strip is W b , and the width of the light-transmitting strip is W b . The period of the slit grating is T=W b +W w , the distance from the best viewing position to the LED screen is S, the distance between adjacent viewpoints is set to e according to the average pupil distance of the human eye, and the number of viewpoints is set to K, where K is greater than or equal to 2 is a natural number. The relationship between the parameters is:
其中，p、S、e、K为已知参数，根据公式(1)-(3)可以得到采用常规竖直狭缝光栅的LED裸眼3D显示器的参数：D、Ww、Wb、T。Among them, p, S, e, K are known parameters, according to formulas (1)-(3), the parameters of the LED naked-eye 3D display using conventional vertical slit grating can be obtained: D, W w , W b , T.
附图1和附图2中的LED屏的像素是正方形，其边长与像素间距相同，均为p。每个LED屏的像素发光部分近似圆形，除此之外的部分是非发光部分，对于LED屏的单个像素，设发光部分宽度为d，非发光部分的半宽度为c，它们之间的关系式为：The pixels of the LED screens in Figures 1 and 2 are squares, and their side lengths are the same as the pixel pitch, both being p. The light-emitting part of the pixel of each LED screen is approximately circular, and the other part is the non-light-emitting part. For a single pixel of the LED screen, let the width of the light-emitting part be d, and the half-width of the non-light-emitting part be c. The relationship between them The formula is:
第二步，根据LED屏的像素间距和像素非发光部分宽度确定狭缝光栅第一个周期内的透光条与挡光条参数。设在该狭缝光栅的第一个周期内，透光条的形状是等腰梯形，其宽度分为上底边宽度Ww1和下底边宽度Ww2，且最大值为Wwmax，最小值为Wwmin，它们的关系式分别为：In the second step, the parameters of the light-transmitting strips and the light-blocking strips in the first period of the slit grating are determined according to the pixel pitch of the LED screen and the width of the non-light-emitting part of the pixels. Set in the first period of the slit grating, the shape of the light-transmitting strip is an isosceles trapezoid, and its width is divided into an upper base width W w1 and a lower base width W w2 , and the maximum value is W wmax , and the minimum value is W wmax . is W wmin , and their relational expressions are:
Ww1与Ww2都应介于Wwmax与Wwmin之间，且Ww1与Ww2不相等，即它们之间的关系式为：Both W w1 and W w2 should be between W wmax and W wmin , and W w1 and W w2 are not equal, that is, the relationship between them is:
Wwmax≥Ww1≥Wwmin (7)W wmax ≥W w1 ≥W wmin (7)
Wwmax≥Ww2≥Wwmin (8)W wmax ≥W w2 ≥W wmin (8)
Ww1≠Ww2 (9)W w1 ≠W w2 (9)
且周期T保持不变，挡光条的上底边宽度为Wb1，下底边宽度为Wb2，Wb1随Ww1的变化而变化，Wb2随Ww2的变化而变化，即它们之间的关系式为：And the period T remains unchanged, the width of the upper bottom edge of the light-blocking strip is W b1 , and the width of the lower bottom edge is W b2 , W b1 changes with the change of W w1 , and W b2 changes with the change of W w2 , that is, the difference between them. The relationship between is:
Ww1+2Wb1-Wb2＝Ww2+Wb2＝T (10)W w1 +2W b1 -W b2 =W w2 +W b2 =T (10)
第三步，设置狭缝光栅第二个周期内的透光条与挡光条参数，并重复这两个周期结构直到它们所构成的狭缝光栅与LED屏宽度相同。如附图3所示为梯形透光条的竖直狭缝光栅的周期结构示意图。将第一个周期的右边相邻周期或左边相邻周期设置为该狭缝光栅的第二个周期，其透光条的上底边宽度为Ww3＝Ww2，下底边宽度为Ww4＝Ww1，挡光条的上底边宽度为Wb3＝Wb2，下底边宽度为Wb4＝Wb1。然后，按照从左往右或从右往左的顺序，依次重复这两个相邻周期的周期结构，直到它们所构成的狭缝光栅与LED屏宽度相同。The third step is to set the parameters of the light-transmitting strips and the light-blocking strips in the second period of the slit grating, and repeat the two periodic structures until the slit gratings formed by them have the same width as the LED screen. As shown in FIG. 3 , it is a schematic diagram of the periodic structure of the vertical slit grating of the trapezoidal light-transmitting strip. The right adjacent period or the left adjacent period of the first period is set as the second period of the slit grating, and the width of the upper bottom edge of the light-transmitting strip is W w3 =W w2 , and the width of the lower bottom edge is W w4 =W w1 , the width of the upper base of the light blocking strip is W b3 =W b2 , and the width of the lower base is W b4 =W b1 . Then, in the order from left to right or from right to left, the periodic structure of these two adjacent periods is repeated until the slit grating formed by them has the same width as the LED screen.
本发明通过增加狭缝光栅的周期结构与LED屏的像素周期结构之间的差异来弱化莫尔纹，且不会增加立体图像的串扰。The present invention weakens the moire pattern by increasing the difference between the periodic structure of the slit grating and the periodic structure of the pixels of the LED screen, and does not increase the crosstalk of the stereoscopic image.
四、附图说明4. Description of the attached drawings
附图1狭缝光栅LED裸眼3D显示器的结构示意图和LED屏的像素结构图。1 is a schematic structural diagram of a slit grating LED naked-eye 3D display and a pixel structure diagram of an LED screen.
附图2狭缝光栅LED裸眼3D显示器的分光原理和参数示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the spectroscopic principle and parameters of the slit grating LED naked-eye 3D display.
附图3梯形透光条的竖直狭缝光栅的周期结构示意图。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the periodic structure of the vertical slit grating of the trapezoidal light-transmitting strip.
上述附图中的图示标号为：The symbols in the above drawings are:
1LED屏，2狭缝光栅，3视点，4LED屏的像素发光部分，5LED屏的像素非发光部分，6透光条，7挡光条。1 LED screen, 2 slit gratings, 3 viewpoints, 4 LED screen pixel light-emitting part, 5 LED screen pixel non-emitting part, 6 light-transmitting strips, 7 light-blocking strips.
应该理解上述附图只是示意性的，并没有按比例绘制。It should be understood that the above drawings are schematic only and are not drawn to scale.
五、具体实施方式Five, the specific implementation
下面详细说明本发明提出的LED裸眼3D显示中弱化莫尔纹的狭缝光栅设计方法的实施例，对本发明进行进一步的具体描述。有必要在此指出的是，以下实施例只用于对本发明做进一步的说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制，该领域技术熟练人员根据上述本发明内容对本发明做出一些非本质的改进和调整，仍属于本发明的保护范围。The following describes in detail the embodiments of the slit grating design method for weakening the moiré pattern in the LED naked-eye 3D display proposed by the present invention, and further specifically describes the present invention. It is necessary to point out here that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art make some non-essential improvements to the present invention according to the above-mentioned content of the present invention. and adjustment, still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
本实施例是一个视点数K＝5的一种LED裸眼3D显示中弱化莫尔纹的狭缝光栅设计方法的应用实例，该LED屏的尺寸为640mm×320mm，人眼平均瞳距约为65mm，故相邻视点间距e＝65mm，最佳观看位置到LED屏的距离S＝4m。This embodiment is an application example of a slit grating design method for weakening moiré in LED naked-eye 3D display with K=5 viewpoints. The size of the LED screen is 640mm×320mm, and the average interpupillary distance of human eyes is about 65mm. , so the distance between adjacent viewpoints is e=65mm, and the distance from the best viewing position to the LED screen is S=4m.
本实施例按以下步骤实施：This embodiment is implemented according to the following steps:
第一步，测量LED屏的像素发光部分及像素非发光部分各自的宽度并计算常规竖直狭缝光栅的参数。本实施例中选择的LED屏是由四块小的LED屏拼接而成，由LED屏生产厂家提供的数据可以得到以下参数：LED屏的像素间距p＝2.50mm，发光部分宽度d＝1.50mm。根据公式The first step is to measure the respective widths of the pixel light-emitting part and the pixel non-light-emitting part of the LED screen and calculate the parameters of the conventional vertical slit grating. The LED screen selected in this embodiment is formed by splicing four small LED screens. The following parameters can be obtained from the data provided by the LED screen manufacturer: the pixel pitch of the LED screen is p=2.50mm, and the width of the light-emitting part is d=1.50mm. . According to the formula
可以得到以下参数：狭缝光栅到LED屏的距离D＝148.15mm，狭缝光栅的周期T＝12.04mm，狭缝光栅透光条宽度Ww＝2.41mm，挡光条宽度Wb＝9.63mm。根据公式The following parameters can be obtained: the distance from the slit grating to the LED screen D=148.15mm, the period of the slit grating T=12.04mm, the width of the slit grating light transmission bar W w =2.41mm, the width of the light blocking bar W b =9.63mm . According to the formula
可以得到非发光部分的半宽度c＝0.50mm。The half width c=0.50 mm of the non-light-emitting portion can be obtained.
第二步，根据LED屏的像素间距和像素非发光部分宽度确定狭缝光栅第一个周期内的透光条与挡光条参数。根据公式In the second step, the parameters of the light-transmitting strips and the light-blocking strips in the first period of the slit grating are determined according to the pixel pitch of the LED screen and the width of the non-light-emitting part of the pixels. According to the formula
可以得到第一个周期内的以下参数：透光条宽度最大值Wwmax＝3.37mm，透光条宽度最小值Wwmin＝2.41mm。根据公式The following parameters in the first cycle can be obtained: the maximum value of the width of the light-transmitting strip W wmax =3.37mm, and the minimum value of the width of the light-transmitting strip W wmin =2.41mm. According to the formula
Wwmax≥Ww1≥Wwmin (7)W wmax ≥W w1 ≥W wmin (7)
Wwmax≥Ww2≥Wwmin (8)W wmax ≥W w2 ≥W wmin (8)
Ww1≠Ww2 (9)W w1 ≠W w2 (9)
本实施例狭缝光栅第一个周期内采用的透光条上底边宽度Ww1＝2.46mm，下底边宽度Ww2＝3.30mm。根据公式In the first period of the slit grating in this embodiment, the upper base width W w1 =2.46mm and the lower base width W w2 =3.30mm of the light-transmitting strip. According to the formula
Ww1+2Wb1-Wb2＝Ww2+Wb2＝T (10)W w1 +2W b1 -W b2 =W w2 +W b2 =T (10)
可以得到挡光条的上底边宽度Wb1＝9.16mm，下底边宽度Wb2＝8.74mm，Wb1-Wb2＝0.42mm。It can be obtained that the upper base width of the light blocking strip is W b1 =9.16mm, the lower base width W b2 =8.74mm, and W b1 -W b2 =0.42mm.
第三步，设置狭缝光栅第二个周期内的透光条与挡光条参数，并重复这两个周期结构直到它们所构成的狭缝光栅与LED屏宽度相同。首先，将第一个周期的右边相邻周期设置为该狭缝光栅的第二个周期。然后，将第一个周期内的透光条与挡光条进行垂直镜像，并设置为第二个周期的透光条与挡光条。可以得到第二个周期的透光条上底边宽度Ww3＝Ww2＝3.30mm，下底边宽度Ww4＝Ww1＝2.46mm，挡光条的上底边宽度Wb3＝Wb2＝8.74mm，下底边宽度Wb4＝Wb1＝9.16mm。最后，按照从左往右的顺序，依次重复这两个相邻周期的梯形透光条的竖直狭缝光栅周期结构，直到它们所构成的狭缝光栅与LED屏宽度相同。至此，完成了本实施例的狭缝光栅的设计过程。The third step is to set the parameters of the light-transmitting strips and the light-blocking strips in the second period of the slit grating, and repeat the two periodic structures until the slit gratings formed by them have the same width as the LED screen. First, the right adjacent period of the first period is set as the second period of the slit grating. Then, vertically mirror the light-transmitting strips and light-blocking strips in the first cycle, and set them as the light-transmitting strips and light-blocking strips in the second cycle. The width of the upper bottom edge of the light-transmitting strip in the second period W w3 =W w2 =3.30mm, the width of the lower bottom edge W w4 =W w1 =2.46mm, and the width of the upper bottom edge of the light blocking strip W b3 =W b2 = 8.74mm, the width of the lower bottom edge W b4 =W b1 =9.16mm. Finally, in order from left to right, repeat the vertical slit grating periodic structure of the two adjacent periodic trapezoidal light-transmitting strips in turn, until the slit grating formed by them has the same width as the LED screen. So far, the design process of the slit grating of this embodiment is completed.
Claims (1)
- A slit grating design method for weakening moire in LED naked eye 3D display is characterized in that according to the characteristic that non-luminous parts among pixels of an LED screen are wide, proper adjustment is carried outThe method for increasing the width of the light transmission strip of the slit grating and changing the geometric shape of the light transmission strip to increase the difference between the periodic structure of the slit grating and the pixel periodic structure of the LED screen comprises the following three steps: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, measuring the respective widths of a pixel luminous part and a pixel non-luminous part of the LED screen and calculating the parameters of the conventional vertical slit grating, wherein the specific design process comprises the following steps: let the pixel pitch of the LED screen be p, the distance from the slit grating to the LED screen be D, and the width of the light transmission strip of the slit grating be WwThe width of the light-blocking strip is WbThe period is T ═ Wb+WwThe distance from the optimal viewing position to the LED screen is S, the distance between adjacent viewpoints is set as e according to the average interpupillary distance of human eyes, the number of viewpoints is set as K, and K is a natural number which is more than or equal to 2; the relationship between the parameters is:from these three equations, important parameters in conventional vertical slit grating design are derived: D. ww、WbT; the pixels of the LED screen are square, the side length of each pixel is the same as the pixel interval, and the side length of each pixel is p; the light emitting portion of each pixel of the LED panel is approximately circular, and the other portion is a non-light emitting portion, and for a single pixel of the LED panel, let the width of the light emitting portion be d, and the half width of the non-light emitting portion be c, the relationship between them be:
secondly, determining parameters of a light transmitting strip and a light blocking strip in a first period of the slit grating according to the pixel interval of the LED screen and the width of a non-luminous part of the pixel, wherein the specific design process is as follows: in the first period of the slit grating, the shape of the light-transmitting strip is isosceles trapezoid, and the width of the light-transmitting strip is divided into the width W of the upper bottom edgew1And a width W of the bottom edgew2And the maximum value is WwmaxMinimum value of WwminThe relations are respectively as follows:
Ww1and Ww2All should be between WwmaxAnd WwminIn the above-mentioned manner,and Ww1And Ww2Not equal, i.e. the relation between them is: wwmax≥Ww1≥Wwmin，Wwmax≥Ww2≥Wwmin，Ww1≠Ww2(ii) a The period T is kept unchanged, and the width of the upper bottom edge of the light blocking strip is Wb1The width of the lower bottom edge is Wb2，Wb1Following Ww1Is changed by a change of Wb2Following Ww2I.e. the relation between them is: ww1+2Wb1-Wb2＝Ww2+Wb2T; thirdly, setting parameters of a light transmitting strip and a light blocking strip in a second period of the slit grating, and repeating the two period structures until the widths of the slit grating and the LED screen formed by the two period structures are the same, wherein the specific design process comprises the following steps: setting the adjacent period at right or left of the first period as the second period of the slit grating, wherein the width of the upper bottom edge of the light transmission strip is Ww3＝Ww2The width of the lower bottom edge is Ww4＝Ww1The width of the upper bottom edge of the light blocking strip is Wb3＝Wb2The width of the lower bottom edge is Wb4＝Wb1(ii) a And then, repeating the periodic structures of the two adjacent periods in sequence from left to right or from right to left until the slit grating formed by the periodic structures is the same as the width of the LED screen.
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| CN101413905B (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2011-03-16 | 深圳大学 | X ray differentiation interference phase contrast imaging system |
| CN103513311B (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2016-04-13 | Tcl集团股份有限公司 | A kind of 3 D grating and bore hole 3D display device |
| CN103957400A (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2014-07-30 | 北京乐成光视科技发展有限公司 | Naked eye 3D display system based on Unity3D game engine |
| CN104375227B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2017-01-25 | 苏州大学 | Large-area holographic grating manufacture method through multiple-exposure mosaic |
| CN105511148A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-04-20 | 宁波维真显示科技有限公司 | Method for improving luminance of slit type glasses-free 3D display |
| KR101675467B1 (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-11-14 | 주식회사 서울금속 | Vision inspection apparatus |
| CN107966754B (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2019-06-28 | 四川大学 | The slit grating design method of moir patterns is weakened in naked eye LED screen 3D display |
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