CN108594292A - A kind of pilot system of ground foundation simulation Artificial Boundaries suitable for earthquake Random seismic field - Google Patents
A kind of pilot system of ground foundation simulation Artificial Boundaries suitable for earthquake Random seismic field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种适用于地震多点输入的模拟地基人工边界的试验系统,包括:包括施力装置、基础结构、导力装置、电流变液、刚度控制装置、阻尼控制装置、正、负极板、防渗篷布和用来连接施力装置和刚度控制装置的连接构件,基础结构包括基座、台面和支撑柱;导力装置置于台面上,施力装置置于基础结构的基座上;导力装置包括导力器、接触筒、水平导力板和竖直导力板;刚度控制装置为筒状结构,包括刚度控制器、片状环向弹簧和碟形弹簧;防渗蓬布闭合式的固接在导力装置下部和刚度控制器内部;所述的施力装置包括三个不同方向的施力器;连接构件上部与调节器固定连接。本发明能够同时调节弹簧的多向刚度,可以应用在多点地震动试验进行人工边界的模拟。
The invention provides a test system for simulating the artificial boundary of the foundation suitable for multi-point input of earthquakes, including: a force applying device, a foundation structure, a force guiding device, an electrorheological fluid, a stiffness control device, a damping control device, positive and negative plates , anti-seepage tarpaulin and connecting components used to connect the force application device and the stiffness control device. The basic structure includes a base, a table and a support column; the force guiding device is placed on the table, and the force application device is placed on the base of the basic structure ;The force guide device includes a force guide, a contact cylinder, a horizontal force guide plate and a vertical force guide plate; the stiffness control device is a cylindrical structure, including a stiffness controller, a sheet hoop spring and a disc spring; the anti-seepage tarpaulin The closed type is fixedly connected to the lower part of the force guiding device and inside the stiffness controller; the force applying device includes three force applicators in different directions; the upper part of the connecting member is fixedly connected with the regulator. The invention can simultaneously adjust the multi-directional rigidity of the spring, and can be applied in multi-point ground motion tests to simulate artificial boundaries.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及结构地震模拟装置,尤其是指基于粘弹性人工边界理论的适用于多点地震动试验的模拟。The invention relates to a structural earthquake simulation device, in particular to a simulation suitable for multi-point ground motion tests based on viscoelastic artificial boundary theory.
背景技术Background technique
近几十年来,随着工程技术的发展,越来越多的大跨度结构建筑物被兴建。这类建筑结构物往往承担着重要的经济、文化和社会功能等,因此当地震灾害发生时,保证此类结构的安全和稳定性具有重要的意义。2008年汶川地震,绵阳九州体育馆内就安置了数万名受灾群众,这更让工程人员认识到大跨结构的抗震设计的重要意义。In recent decades, with the development of engineering technology, more and more long-span structural buildings have been constructed. Such building structures often undertake important economic, cultural and social functions, so when earthquake disasters occur, it is of great significance to ensure the safety and stability of such structures. During the Wenchuan Earthquake in 2008, tens of thousands of affected people were placed in the Kyushu Gymnasium in Mianyang, which made engineers realize the significance of the seismic design of long-span structures.
对于大跨结构的地震反应分析,需要顾及地震传播过程中的行波效应、相干效应和局部场地效应等,所以必须考虑地震动的时间和空间变化,于是大跨结构是多维多点的地震动激励,而现有的结构地震模拟装置主要以振动台为主,是一种综合性的高技术产品,价格昂贵,并且大多数是针对地震动的多维一致激励,无法满足当下大跨结构的地震动试验模拟对于时间和空间差异性的需求。For the seismic response analysis of long-span structures, it is necessary to take into account the traveling wave effect, coherence effect and local site effect in the process of earthquake propagation, so the time and space changes of ground motion must be considered, so long-span structures are multi-dimensional and multi-point ground motions Excitation, while the existing structural earthquake simulation device is mainly based on the shaking table, which is a comprehensive high-tech product, expensive, and most of them are multi-dimensional consistent excitation for earthquake motion, which cannot meet the current earthquake requirements of large-span structures. Dynamic test simulation needs for time and space differences.
具体的,粘弹性人工边界理论,将地震动的输入转化为作用在人工边界上的等效荷载来实现波动输入,有效地吸收地基有限域向无限域辐射的地震波,并能够很好的模拟人工边界外半无限地基的弹性恢复性能,基于此,现有的地震模拟装置无法进行人工边界的模拟,并且无法同时进行多点地震动试验的模拟。因此对于制作一种能够模拟地基人工边界,并能够进行多点地震动试验,同时制造成本低、结构简单的装置有较大意义。Specifically, the viscoelastic artificial boundary theory converts the input of ground motion into an equivalent load acting on the artificial boundary to realize the input of fluctuations, effectively absorbs the seismic wave radiated from the finite area of the foundation to the infinite area, and can well simulate the artificial The elastic recovery performance of the semi-infinite foundation outside the boundary. Based on this, the existing earthquake simulation device cannot simulate the artificial boundary, and cannot simulate the multi-point earthquake test at the same time. Therefore, it is of great significance to make a device that can simulate the artificial boundary of the foundation, and can perform multi-point earthquake motion tests, and has low manufacturing cost and simple structure.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提供一种适用于地震多点输入的模拟地基人工边界的试验装置,该装置能够模拟地基边界并实现刚度阻尼可调功能,同时实现在人工边界上输入等效荷载。本发明采取以下技术方案:The invention provides a test device for simulating the artificial boundary of the foundation suitable for multi-point input of earthquakes. The device can simulate the boundary of the foundation and realize the adjustable stiffness and damping function, and at the same time realize the input of equivalent load on the artificial boundary. The present invention takes the following technical solutions:
一种适用于地震多点输入的模拟地基人工边界的试验系统,包括:包括施力装置、基础结构、导力装置、电流变液、刚度控制装置、阻尼控制装置、正、负极板、防渗篷布和用来连接施力装置和刚度控制装置的连接构件,其特征在于,A test system for simulating artificial boundaries of foundations suitable for multi-point input of earthquakes, including: force application device, foundation structure, force guiding device, electrorheological fluid, stiffness control device, damping control device, positive and negative plates, anti-seepage The tarpaulin and the connection member used to connect the force applying device and the stiffness control device are characterized in that,
所述基础结构包括基座、台面和支撑柱;所述台面通过所述支撑柱固定在所述基座上方;并且所述台面设有能容纳刚度控制装置下部穿出的圆形开孔,导力装置置于台面上,施力装置置于基础结构的基座上;The basic structure includes a base, a table and a support column; the table is fixed above the base through the support column; and the table is provided with a circular opening that can accommodate the lower part of the stiffness control device, and guide The force device is placed on the table, and the force device is placed on the base of the basic structure;
所述导力装置为下部开口的筒状结构,包括导力器、接触筒、水平导力板和竖直导力板;导力器包括导力器盖、导力器外壁和固定于其内的下面开口的导力器内壁,所述水平导力板和所述竖直导力板都固接于导力器外壁;所述接触筒置于导力器内壁里;The force guiding device is a cylindrical structure with a lower opening, including a force guiding device, a contact cylinder, a horizontal force guiding plate and a vertical force guiding plate; the force guiding device includes a force guiding device cover, an outer wall of the force guiding device and a The inner wall of the force guide opened below, the horizontal force guide plate and the vertical force guide plate are fixed on the outer wall of the force guide; the contact cylinder is placed in the inner wall of the force guide;
所述的刚度控制装置为筒状结构,置于接触筒内,包括刚度控制器、片状环向弹簧和碟形弹簧;刚度控制器为筒状结构,包括位于中部的控制轴、顶部、侧壁以及位于下部并与控制轴固定连接的调节器,在刚度控制器顶部开设有出口,在侧壁上也开设有狭长的出口,所述片状环向弹簧和所述碟形弹簧一端置于所述刚度控制器内,分别连接到控制轴的侧向及上部,另一端分别由所述刚度控制器的侧壁以及顶部开设的出口穿出,环绕所述刚度控制器的侧壁及置于所述刚度控制器顶上;所述片状环向弹簧的外端部固接在所述接触筒内壁;碟形弹簧的底部固定连接有圆盘;通过旋转所述刚度控制器底部的调节器,将部分所述片状环向弹簧和部分所述碟形弹簧旋入并压缩于所述刚度控制器内,在控制轴的下部设置有防渗轴承;The stiffness control device is a cylindrical structure, placed in the contact cylinder, including a stiffness controller, a leaf hoop spring and a disk spring; the stiffness controller is a cylindrical structure, including a control shaft in the middle, a top, a side The wall and the adjuster located at the lower part and fixedly connected with the control shaft have an outlet on the top of the stiffness controller, and a long and narrow outlet on the side wall. The leaf hoop spring and one end of the disk spring are placed The stiffness controller is respectively connected to the lateral and upper parts of the control shaft, and the other end is respectively passed through the side wall of the stiffness controller and the outlet on the top, surrounds the side wall of the stiffness controller and is placed The stiffness controller is on the top; the outer end of the sheet-shaped hoop spring is fixed on the inner wall of the contact cylinder; the bottom of the disc spring is fixedly connected with a disc; by rotating the regulator at the bottom of the stiffness controller , screwing part of the sheet-shaped hoop spring and part of the disc spring into the stiffness controller and compressing it into the stiffness controller, and an anti-seepage bearing is arranged on the lower part of the control shaft;
所述防渗蓬布闭合式的固接在所述导力装置下部和刚度控制器内部,防渗蓬布与防渗轴承的外周边密封连接,并与导力器内壁的内周边密封连接,电流变液位于由导力器内壁和防渗蓬布围成的腔体内;The anti-seepage tarpaulin is closed and fixedly connected to the lower part of the force guiding device and the inside of the stiffness controller, and the anti-seepage tarpaulin is sealed and connected to the outer periphery of the anti-seepage bearing and to the inner periphery of the inner wall of the force guide. The electrorheological fluid is located in the cavity surrounded by the inner wall of the force guide and the anti-seepage tarpaulin;
所述的刚度控制装置位于防渗轴承上部部分置于所述导力装置内,并沉浸在电流变液中,位于防渗轴承下部部分由所述导力装置下部开口穿出;The stiffness control device is located in the upper part of the anti-seepage bearing and placed in the force guiding device, and immersed in the electrorheological fluid, and the lower part of the anti-seepage bearing passes through the lower opening of the force guiding device;
在所述导力器内壁的两侧各留有一块容置空间,用于容纳正、负极板;阻尼控制装置,用于调节加载在正、负极板上的电压的大小;An accommodating space is left on both sides of the inner wall of the force guide for accommodating the positive and negative plates; the damping control device is used to adjust the voltage applied to the positive and negative plates;
所述的施力装置包括X向施力器、Y向施力器、Z向施力器、第一活动平台和第二活动平台,第一活动平台置于所述第二活动平台上,第二活动平台置于基础结构基座上;所述Z向施力器固定在所述第一活动平台上,其施力杆与连接构件的下部固定连接;所述X向施力器固定在所述第二活动平台上,其施力杆水平固定在所述第一活动平台的侧向板上,用于向第一活动平台施加X向的力;所述Y向施力器固定在所述基座上,其施力杆水平固定在所述第二活动平台的侧向板上,用于向第二活动平台施加Y向的力;所述X向施力器的施力杆和Y向施力器的施力杆呈直角关系;The force applying device includes an X-direction force applicator, a Y-direction force applicator, a Z-direction force applicator, a first movable platform and a second movable platform, the first movable platform is placed on the second movable platform, and the second movable platform is placed on the second movable platform. The second movable platform is placed on the base of the basic structure; the Z-direction force applicator is fixed on the first movable platform, and its force-applying rod is fixedly connected with the lower part of the connecting member; the X-direction force applicator is fixed on the On the second movable platform, its force applying rod is horizontally fixed on the side plate of the first movable platform, which is used to apply the force in the X direction to the first movable platform; the Y direction force applicator is fixed on the On the base, its force-applying rod is horizontally fixed on the side plate of the second movable platform for applying the force in the Y direction to the second movable platform; the force-applying rod of the X-direction force applicator and the Y-direction The force bar of the force applicator is in a right angle relationship;
所述的连接构件上部与调节器固定连接。The upper part of the connecting member is fixedly connected with the adjuster.
优选地,所述水平导力板沿所述导力器纵向分布,水平嵌套并固接在所述导力器外壁;所述竖直导力板沿所述导力器外壁呈十字分布,竖向嵌合并固接在所述水平导力板层间。Preferably, the horizontal force guide plate is longitudinally distributed along the force guide, nested horizontally and affixed to the outer wall of the force guide; the vertical force guide is distributed in a cross along the outer wall of the force guide, Vertically embedded and fixed between the horizontal force guide plate layers.
所述的导力器外壁截面是圆形,导力器内壁截面是正方形。三个方向的施力器的结构相同,每个施力器包括施力杆和通过轴承连接到施力杆的套筒,在套筒上固定有定位轴,通过对定位轴的定位改变施力杆的方位,Z向施力器的施力杆为竖直方向,X向施力器和Y向施力器施力杆为水平方向。The cross-section of the outer wall of the force guide is circular, and the cross-section of the inner wall of the force guide is square. The force applicators in the three directions have the same structure. Each force applicator includes a force applying rod and a sleeve connected to the force applying rod through a bearing. A positioning shaft is fixed on the sleeve, and the applied force can be changed by positioning the positioning shaft. The orientation of the rod, the force rod of the Z-direction force applicator is in the vertical direction, and the force rod of the X-direction force applicator and Y-direction force applicator is in the horizontal direction.
所述的连接构件包括开设有操作口并置于第一活动平台上的筒形壳体,连接构件的侧向设有两块突出部,所述两块突出部各布置有与所述筒形壳体内壁相接触的滚轮。The connecting member includes a cylindrical shell with an operation port and placed on the first movable platform. Two protrusions are arranged on the side of the connecting member, and each of the two protrusions is arranged with the cylindrical housing. Rollers in contact with the inner walls of the housing.
本发明具有的优点和积极效果是:The advantages and positive effects that the present invention has are:
一)通过控制刚度控制装置底部的调节器,将部分片状环向弹簧和碟形弹簧旋入并压缩于片状刚度控制器和碟形刚度控制器内,以此改变外部弹簧的长度,实现多向的刚度可调功能。1) By controlling the adjuster at the bottom of the stiffness control device, screw and compress part of the leaf hoop spring and disc spring into the disc stiffness controller and the disc stiffness controller, thereby changing the length of the external spring to achieve Multi-directional stiffness adjustable function.
二)通过调节调压器,改变电场强度同时改变电流变液的粘性,由此实现多向阻尼系数可控的功能。2) By adjusting the voltage regulator, the electric field intensity is changed and the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid is changed at the same time, thereby realizing the function of controlling the multi-directional damping coefficient.
三)本发明装置设计能够同时调节多向刚度和阻尼,并实现在节点处施加多向等效荷载,可以直接进行多点地震动试验。3) The design of the device of the present invention can simultaneously adjust multi-directional stiffness and damping, and realize multi-directional equivalent loads to be applied at nodes, so that multi-point ground motion tests can be directly performed.
四)本发明装置设计形式简单,制作成本较低,可便于大量制造进行试验。4) The design of the device of the present invention is simple, the production cost is low, and it is convenient for mass production and testing.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明装置正视图。Fig. 1 is a front view of the device of the present invention.
图2为本发明装置左视图。Fig. 2 is a left side view of the device of the present invention.
图3为基础结构和施力装置的俯视图。Figure 3 is a top view of the basic structure and force applying device.
图4为台面上部结构正视图。Figure 4 is a front view of the upper structure of the table.
图5为台面上部结构俯视图。Fig. 5 is a top view of the upper structure of the table.
图6为Z向施力器三维示意图。Fig. 6 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the Z-direction force applicator.
图7为台面上部结构分解三维示意图。Fig. 7 is an exploded three-dimensional schematic diagram of the upper structure of the table.
图中:1、导力装置;101、导力器盖;102、接触筒;103、导力器;1031、导力器内壁;1032、导力器外壁;104、竖直导力板;105、水平导力板;106、容置空间;2、电流变液;3、刚度控制装置;301、碟形弹簧;302、片状环向弹簧;303、刚度控制器;303a、环向刚度控制器;303b、纵向刚度控制器;303c、圆盘;304、防渗轴承;305、调节器;306、控制器合封盖;307、控制轴;4、阻尼控制装置;401、整流器;402、电源;403、调压器;404、导线;5、正、负极板;6、防渗蓬布;7、施力装置;701、X向施力器;702、Y向施力器;703、Z向施力器;704、第一活动平台;705、第二活动平台;706、连接构件;7a、操作口;7b、滚轮;7c、脚轮;7d、侧向板;7e、施力杆;7f、定位轴;8、基础结构;801、基座;802、支撑柱;803、台面;In the figure: 1, force guide device; 101, force guide cover; 102, contact cylinder; 103, force guide; 1031, inner wall of force guide; 1032, outer wall of force guide; 104, vertical force guide plate; 105 , horizontal force guide plate; 106, accommodation space; 2, electrorheological fluid; 3, stiffness control device; 301, disc spring; 302, sheet hoop spring; 303, stiffness controller; 303a, hoop stiffness control 303b, longitudinal stiffness controller; 303c, disc; 304, anti-seepage bearing; 305, regulator; 306, controller and cover; 307, control shaft; 4, damping control device; 401, rectifier; 402, Power supply; 403, voltage regulator; 404, wire; 5, positive and negative plates; 6, anti-seepage tarpaulin; 7, force device; 701, X direction force applicator; Z direction force applicator; 704, first movable platform; 705, second movable platform; 706, connecting member; 7a, operation port; 7b, roller; 7c, caster; 7d, side plate; 7f, positioning shaft; 8, basic structure; 801, base; 802, support column; 803, table top;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为能进一步了解本发明的发明内容、特点及功效,兹例举以下实施例,并配合附图。In order to further understand the invention content, features and effects of the present invention, the following examples are given together with the accompanying drawings.
本发明的适用于地震多点输入的模拟地基人工边界的试验装置由以下部分组成:导力装置1、电流变液2、刚度控制装置3、阻尼控制装置4、正、负极板5、防渗蓬布6、施力装置7和基础结构8。The test device for simulating the artificial boundary of the foundation suitable for earthquake multi-point input of the present invention is composed of the following parts: force guiding device 1, electrorheological fluid 2, stiffness control device 3, damping control device 4, positive and negative plates 5, anti-seepage Tarpaulin 6, force applying device 7 and basic structure 8.
各结构详细说明如下:The details of each structure are as follows:
所述导力装置1整体为筒状结构包括导力器103、接触筒102、水平导力板105和竖直导力板104;导力器103包括导力器盖101、圆筒形的导力器外壁1032和固定于其内的下面开口的正方体形导力器内壁1031。所述水平导力板105和所述竖直导力板104都固接于导力器外壁1032,所述接触筒102嵌套于所述导力器103内;所述导力器盖101内表面光滑且旋紧于所述导力器103顶部;所述的导力器为外壁1032截面是圆形,内壁1031截面是正方形的筒状结构,且所述导力器103上端开口与所述导力器101盖充分咬合;同时在所述导力器103两侧留有两块容置空间106;所述的两块容置空间106为在所述导力器103内两侧的扁平长方体腔室;所述的接触筒102为上、下端充分开口的筒状结构,并且所述接触筒102内、外壁面光滑,并正好嵌套于所述导力器103内部;所述水平导力板105沿所述导力器103纵向分布,水平嵌套并固接在所述导力器外壁1032;所述竖直导力板104沿所述导力器外1032壁呈十字分布,竖向嵌合并固接在所述水平导力板105层间。The force guide device 1 is a cylindrical structure as a whole, including a force guide 103, a contact cylinder 102, a horizontal force guide plate 105 and a vertical force guide plate 104; the force guide 103 includes a force guide cover 101, a cylindrical guide The outer wall 1032 of the force device and the inner wall 1031 of the square force guide with the lower opening fixed therein. Both the horizontal force guide plate 105 and the vertical force guide plate 104 are fixed on the outer wall 1032 of the force guide, and the contact cylinder 102 is nested in the force guide 103; The surface is smooth and screwed on the top of the force guide 103; the force guide is a cylindrical structure whose outer wall 1032 has a circular section and the inner wall 1031 has a square section, and the upper end opening of the force guide 103 is connected to the The cover of the force guide 101 is fully engaged; at the same time, two accommodating spaces 106 are left on both sides of the force guide 103; the two accommodating spaces 106 are flat cuboids on both sides of the force guide 103 chamber; the contact cylinder 102 is a cylindrical structure with fully open upper and lower ends, and the inner and outer walls of the contact cylinder 102 are smooth, and are just nested inside the force guide 103; the horizontal force guide The plate 105 is longitudinally distributed along the force guide 103, nested horizontally and fixed on the outer wall 1032 of the force guide; the vertical force guide plate 104 is distributed in a cross along the outer wall 1032 of the force guide, vertically It is embedded and fixed between the layers of the horizontal force guide plate 105 .
所述的刚度控制装置3包括刚度控制器303、片状环向弹簧302和碟形弹簧301;所述刚度控制器303为筒状结构,所述片状环向弹簧302和所述碟形弹簧301一端置于所述刚度控制器303内并分别固定在控制轴307和圆盘303c上,另一端分别由所述刚度控制器303的侧壁以及顶部预留的出口穿出,环绕所述刚度控制器303的侧壁及置于所述刚度控制器303顶上。The stiffness control device 3 includes a stiffness controller 303, a leaf hoop spring 302 and a disk spring 301; the stiffness controller 303 is a cylindrical structure, and the leaf hoop spring 302 and the disk spring One end of 301 is placed in the stiffness controller 303 and fixed on the control shaft 307 and the disc 303c respectively, and the other end is respectively pierced through the side wall of the stiffness controller 303 and the outlet reserved on the top, and surrounds the stiffness controller 303. The side wall of the controller 303 is placed on top of the stiffness controller 303 .
其中所述刚度控制器303为:纵向刚度控制器303b同轴固接在环向刚度控制器303a内部顶端,控制轴307上端部通过轴承安装在所述纵向刚度控制器303b顶部中心,控制器合封盖306穿过所述控制轴307旋紧在刚度控制器303底端;所述环向刚度控制器303a为上端封闭、下端开口的筒状结构,在环向刚度控制器303a的顶面和纵向刚度控制器303b接合处开有可供碟形弹簧301穿出的控制口,下端外壁处留有螺纹,并且环向刚度控制器303b侧壁留有可供片状环向弹簧302穿出的矩形控制缝;所述纵向刚度控制器303b为上、下端开口的环箍结构,其内壁的上半部分设有与碟形弹簧301充分咬合的螺纹,下半部分光滑,且纵向刚度控制器303b下半部分的内径略小于上半部分的内径;所述控制轴307整体为圆柱体,位于纵向刚度控制器303b和控制器合封盖306部分段呈正六边柱形,且控制轴307上端六边形段套有圆盘303c,下端安装有表面做过防渗处理的防渗轴承304;该圆盘303c中心留有与控制轴307上端六边形段完全咬合的正六边形孔,且圆盘303c侧壁留有与纵向刚度控制器303b上部完全咬合的螺纹;所述控制器合封盖306和调节器305中心都留有与所述控制轴307下端六边形段完全咬合的正六边形孔;所述片状环向弹簧302的外端部固接在所述接触筒102内壁;在所述刚度控制器303底部的控制器合封盖306内侧壁留有螺纹,可供连接构件安装。Wherein the stiffness controller 303 is: the longitudinal stiffness controller 303b is coaxially fixed on the inner top of the hoop stiffness controller 303a, the upper end of the control shaft 307 is installed on the top center of the longitudinal stiffness controller 303b through a bearing, and the controller is closed. The cover 306 passes through the control shaft 307 and is screwed on the bottom end of the stiffness controller 303; the hoop stiffness controller 303a is a cylindrical structure with a closed upper end and an open lower end, and the top surface of the hoop stiffness controller 303a and the The joint of the longitudinal stiffness controller 303b is provided with a control port for the disc spring 301 to pass through, and the outer wall of the lower end is provided with threads, and the side wall of the circumferential stiffness controller 303b is provided with a hole for the leaf-shaped hoop spring 302 to pass through. Rectangular control seam; the longitudinal stiffness controller 303b is a hoop structure with upper and lower ends open, the upper half of its inner wall is provided with a thread that fully engages with the disc spring 301, the lower half is smooth, and the longitudinal stiffness controller 303b The inner diameter of the lower half is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the upper part; the control shaft 307 is a cylinder as a whole, and the section between the longitudinal stiffness controller 303b and the controller cover 306 is in the shape of a regular hexagonal column, and the upper end of the control shaft 307 is six The side-shaped section is covered with a disc 303c, and the lower end is equipped with an anti-seepage bearing 304 whose surface has been treated with anti-seepage; the center of the disc 303c has a regular hexagonal hole that is fully engaged with the hexagonal section at the upper end of the control shaft 307, and the circle The side wall of the disc 303c has a thread that completely engages with the upper part of the longitudinal stiffness controller 303b; the center of the controller and the cover 306 and the regulator 305 has a regular hexagon that completely engages with the hexagonal section at the lower end of the control shaft 307. hole; the outer end of the sheet-shaped hoop spring 302 is affixed to the inner wall of the contact cylinder 102; the inner wall of the controller closure cover 306 at the bottom of the stiffness controller 303 has threads, which can be installed by connecting members .
由此所述刚度控制装置3底部的调节器305的旋转,就会带动所述控制轴307的旋转,以此带动所述片状环向弹簧302的控制,同时所述控制轴307的旋转也会带动所述圆盘303c的旋转,所述圆盘303c顺由所述纵向刚度控制器303b内壁螺纹上下运动,带动碟形弹簧301的控制。Thus the rotation of the adjuster 305 at the bottom of the stiffness control device 3 will drive the rotation of the control shaft 307, thereby driving the control of the sheet-shaped hoop spring 302, and the rotation of the control shaft 307 will also It will drive the rotation of the disk 303c, and the disk 303c will move up and down along the inner wall thread of the longitudinal stiffness controller 303b to drive the control of the disk spring 301.
所述防渗蓬布6闭合式的固接在所述导力装置1下部和刚度控制器303内部,防渗蓬布6与防渗轴承304的外周边密封连接,并与导力器内壁1031的内周边密封连接,电流变液2位于由导力器内壁1031和防渗蓬布6围成的腔体内。The anti-seepage tarpaulin 6 is closed and fixed on the lower part of the force guiding device 1 and inside the stiffness controller 303, the anti-seepage tarpaulin 6 is sealed and connected with the outer periphery of the anti-seepage bearing 304, and is connected with the inner wall 1031 of the force guide device. The inner periphery of the inner circumference is sealed and connected, and the electrorheological fluid 2 is located in the cavity surrounded by the inner wall 1031 of the force director and the anti-seepage tarpaulin 6 .
所述阻尼控制装置4包括电源402、整流器401、调压器403和导线404;所述电源402、所述整流器401、所述调压器403通过所述导线404将所述正、负极板5连接成为整体。The damping control device 4 includes a power supply 402, a rectifier 401, a voltage regulator 403 and a lead 404; Connect to become whole.
所述刚度控制装置3位于防渗轴承304上部部分置于所述导力装置1内,并沉浸在电流变液2中,位于防渗轴承304下部部分由所述导力装置1下部开口穿出,同时所述正、负极5板插入并固定于所述导力装置1两侧的容置空间106,并且所述阻尼控制装置4置于所述导力装置1外并与所述正、负极板5焊接;此时旋转所述刚度控制装置3底部的调节器305,并用螺母旋紧在调节器305侧部固定孔,将部分片状环向弹簧302和部分碟形弹簧301旋入并压缩于所述刚度控制器303内,从而改变所述刚度控制器303外部弹簧刚度;同时调节外接调压器403改变所述正、负极板5之间的场强并相应改变所述电流变液2的粘性,从而控制阻尼系数。The stiffness control device 3 is located on the upper part of the anti-seepage bearing 304 and placed in the force guiding device 1 and immersed in the electrorheological fluid 2, and the lower part of the anti-seepage bearing 304 passes through the lower opening of the force guiding device 1 At the same time, the positive and negative plates 5 are inserted and fixed in the accommodating space 106 on both sides of the force guiding device 1, and the damping control device 4 is placed outside the force guiding device 1 and connected to the positive and negative electrodes Plate 5 is welded; at this time, the adjuster 305 at the bottom of the stiffness control device 3 is rotated, and a nut is used to tighten the fixing hole on the side of the adjuster 305, and part of the sheet hoop spring 302 and part of the disk spring 301 are screwed in and compressed In the stiffness controller 303, thereby changing the stiffness of the external spring of the stiffness controller 303; at the same time, adjusting the external voltage regulator 403 to change the field strength between the positive and negative plates 5 and correspondingly changing the electrorheological fluid 2 viscosity, thereby controlling the damping coefficient.
所述的施力装置7包括X向施力器701、Y向施力器702、Z向施力器703、连接构件706、第一活动平台704和第二活动平台705;所述Z向施力器703固定在所述第一活动平台704上,施力杆7e通过螺母竖向固定在所述连接构件706下部;所述X向施力器701固定在所述第二活动平台705上,并且施力杆7e通过螺母水平固定在所述第一活动平台704的侧向板7d;所述Y向施力器702固定在所述基座801上,施力杆7e通过螺母水平固定在所述第二活动平台705的侧向板7d;所述X向施力器701的施力杆7e和Y向施力器702的施力杆7e呈直角关系,并且;同时所述第一活动平台704置于所述第二活动平台705上。The force applying device 7 includes an X-direction force applicator 701, a Y-direction force applicator 702, a Z-direction force applicator 703, a connecting member 706, a first movable platform 704 and a second movable platform 705; The force device 703 is fixed on the first movable platform 704, and the force applying rod 7e is vertically fixed on the lower part of the connecting member 706 through a nut; the X-direction force applicator 701 is fixed on the second movable platform 705, And the force applying rod 7e is horizontally fixed on the side plate 7d of the first movable platform 704 through a nut; The lateral plate 7d of the second movable platform 705; the applying rod 7e of the X-direction force applicator 701 and the force-applying rod 7e of the Y-direction force applicator 702 are in a right-angle relationship, and; at the same time, the first movable platform 704 is placed on the second movable platform 705 .
所述Z向施力器703、所述X向施力器701和所述Y向施力器702分别利用螺栓通过施力器底部的螺孔固定在所述第一活动平台704、所述第二活动平台705和所述基座801上。The Z-direction force applicator 703, the X-direction force applicator 701 and the Y-direction force applicator 702 are respectively fixed on the first movable platform 704 and the second movable platform 704 by using bolts through the screw holes at the bottom of the force applicator. Two movable platforms 705 and the base 801.
关于所述X向施力器701和所述Y向施力器702是由所述Z向施力器703绕定位轴7f在竖直面旋转90度得到,并用螺栓在侧向固定,此时所述施力杆7e的施力的方向在水平面内;施力杆7e由液压源或者电机控制做力的输出。The X-direction force applicator 701 and the Y-direction force applicator 702 are obtained by rotating the Z-direction force applicator 703 on the vertical plane 90 degrees around the positioning axis 7f, and are fixed laterally with bolts. The force application direction of the force application rod 7e is in the horizontal plane; the force application rod 7e is controlled by a hydraulic source or a motor to output force.
其中所述第一活动平台704两侧有两块侧向板7d,所述侧向板7d下边缘和所述第一活动平台704侧向边缘固接;同时所述第一活动平台704另外两侧横向水平布置滚轮7b;所述第一活动平台705底端布置脚轮7c。Wherein said first movable platform 704 two sides have two lateral plates 7d, described lateral plate 7d lower edge and described first movable platform 704 lateral edges are affixed; Described first movable platform 704 other two Rollers 7b are arranged horizontally on the side; casters 7c are arranged at the bottom of the first movable platform 705 .
所述第二活动平台705两侧有两块侧向板7d,所述侧向板7d下边缘和所述第二活动平台705侧向边缘固接;同时所述第二活动平台705另外两侧横向水平布置滚轮7b;所述第二活动平台705底端布置脚轮7c。There are two lateral plates 7d on both sides of the second movable platform 705, and the lower edge of the lateral plates 7d is affixed to the lateral edge of the second movable platform 705; while the other two sides of the second movable platform 705 Rollers 7b are horizontally arranged; casters 7c are arranged at the bottom of the second movable platform 705 .
所述的连接构件706上部开口且呈圆柱形,上部外周壁有和所述控制器合封盖306内侧壁充分咬合的螺纹,并旋紧在控制器合封盖306内侧壁;在所述连接构件706侧向有两块突出部,在所述两块突出部各竖向水平布置滚轮7b;所述连接构件表面设有一操作口7a,通过所述操作口7a便于进行调节器305控制。The upper part of the connecting member 706 is open and cylindrical, and the upper peripheral wall has a thread that fully engages with the inner side wall of the controller closing cover 306, and is screwed on the inner side wall of the controller closing cover 306; The member 706 has two protruding parts on the side, and rollers 7b are arranged vertically and horizontally on each of the two protruding parts; the surface of the connecting member is provided with an operation port 7a, through which the regulator 305 is conveniently controlled.
所述基础结构8包括基座801、台面803、支撑柱802;所述台面803通过所述支撑柱802固定在所述基座801上方;并且所述台面803正中心有能容纳刚度控制装置3下部穿出的圆形开孔。The basic structure 8 includes a base 801, a table top 803, and a support column 802; the table top 803 is fixed above the base 801 through the support column 802; Circular opening pierced through the lower part.
所述的施力装置7是通过施力器分别固定安装在所述第一活动平台704、所述第二活动平台705和基座801上,利用所述第一活动平台704和所述第二活动平台705的侧向板7d将作用力传递给所述连接构件706和所述刚度控制装置3,并经由调节后的所述刚度控制装置3和所述阻尼控制装置4的综合作用,由所述导力装置1向外扩散,将地震动波源转化为作用在节点处的等效荷载。The force applying device 7 is respectively fixedly installed on the first movable platform 704, the second movable platform 705 and the base 801 through force applicators, and utilizes the first movable platform 704 and the second movable platform The side plate 7d of the movable platform 705 transmits the force to the connecting member 706 and the stiffness control device 3, and through the integrated action of the adjusted stiffness control device 3 and the damping control device 4, the The above-mentioned force guiding device 1 spreads outwards to convert the seismic wave source into an equivalent load acting on the nodes.
由此,通过旋转刚度控制器303底部的调节器305,改变刚度情况,同时利用阻尼控制装置4中的调压器403调节加载在正、负极板5上的电压的大小,改变阻尼情况,实现试验基础人工边界情况的模拟,并通过施力装置2施加的等效荷载作用在模拟的人工边界上,后依次向外传递并最终作用在试验结构上,以此模拟结构-地震动力的相互作用。Thus, by rotating the adjuster 305 at the bottom of the stiffness controller 303, the stiffness is changed, and at the same time, the voltage regulator 403 in the damping control device 4 is used to adjust the voltage applied to the positive and negative plates 5 to change the damping. Simulation of the artificial boundary conditions of the test foundation, and the equivalent load applied by the force device 2 acts on the simulated artificial boundary, and then transfers outwards in turn and finally acts on the test structure, thereby simulating the interaction between structure and earthquake dynamics .
实施例一:基于粘弹性人工边界理论,在进行结构地震动一致激励的模拟时,诸如小型房屋结构,可预先在整个导力装置1上表面固接一块刚性平板,并将该房屋结构安装在该刚性平板上,或者情况允许,可直接将房屋结构安装在所述本发明装置的上表面。Embodiment 1: Based on the viscoelastic artificial boundary theory, when simulating the consistent excitation of structural ground motion, such as a small house structure, a rigid plate can be fixed on the entire upper surface of the force guiding device 1 in advance, and the house structure can be installed on the On this rigid plate, or if the situation permits, the building structure can be mounted directly on the upper surface of the device of the present invention.
实施例二:基于粘弹性人工边界理论,在进行结构多点地震动试验的时,诸如大跨桥梁,可采用多个本发明装置,并将本发明中的整个导力装置1调预先埋藏在结构的各个支撑点内部,即各个桥墩的底端中心,再将各个桥墩安装在台面上。Embodiment 2: Based on the viscoelastic artificial boundary theory, when carrying out structural multi-point ground motion tests, such as long-span bridges, multiple devices of the present invention can be used, and the entire force guiding device 1 of the present invention is buried in advance. Inside each support point of the structure, that is, the bottom center of each bridge pier, and then install each bridge pier on the platform.
采用本发明装置的地震动试验步骤如下:Adopt the ground motion test procedure of device of the present invention as follows:
(1)针对不同的被试验结构物,选择相应试验方案并安装好试验模型。(1) Select the corresponding test plan and install the test model for different structures to be tested.
(2)通过导线将整流器401、调压器403通和正、负极板5连接成为整体,并将施力装置7接通电源,同时连接到控制系统。(该系统可通过输入一系列的参数,计算出所需输入的等效荷载并按要求控制施力装置7)(2) Connect the rectifier 401, the voltage regulator 403 and the positive and negative plates 5 through wires to form a whole, and connect the power supply device 7 to the control system at the same time. (The system can calculate the required input equivalent load and control the force applying device 7 by inputting a series of parameters)
(3)通过刚度控制装置3下部的调节器305的旋转,调控相关刚度参数;同时采用调压器403调节正、负极板5之间的场强,调控相关阻尼参数。(3) By rotating the adjuster 305 at the lower part of the stiffness control device 3, related stiffness parameters are adjusted; at the same time, the voltage regulator 403 is used to adjust the field strength between the positive and negative plates 5 to adjust related damping parameters.
(4)在数字控制系统中输入相关地震波动参数,同时控制不同施力装置7的作用力度以及作用时间,体现地震动的作用时间和作用空间的变化性,来模拟地震动波源输入。(4) Input the relevant seismic fluctuation parameters in the digital control system, and simultaneously control the action strength and action time of different force-applying devices 7, reflecting the variability of the action time and action space of the earthquake, and simulating the input of the seismic wave source.
(5)确认试验开始。(5) Confirm the start of the test.
本申请的一个优选的方案中,所述防渗蓬布6闭合式的固接在所述导力装置1下部和刚度控制器303内部。具体的,所述的防渗蓬布6有两张分别呈圆环状,采用高强度的粘合剂将所述的一张防渗蓬布6恰好粘合于所述导力器103内底面同时粘合于所述刚度控制器303外侧壁;所述另一张防渗蓬布6恰好粘合于所述刚度控制器303内侧壁同时粘合于所述控制轴307下部防渗轴承304侧壁,并在粘合处涂填防渗剂。In a preferred solution of the present application, the anti-seepage tarpaulin 6 is closed and fixed on the lower part of the force guiding device 1 and inside the stiffness controller 303 . Specifically, two pieces of the anti-seepage tarpaulin 6 are in the shape of a ring, and the one anti-seepage tarpaulin 6 is just bonded to the inner bottom surface of the force guide 103 by using a high-strength adhesive. At the same time, it is bonded to the outer wall of the stiffness controller 303; the other sheet of anti-seepage tarpaulin 6 is just glued to the inner wall of the stiffness controller 303 and is bonded to the anti-seepage bearing 304 side of the lower part of the control shaft 307 wall, and fill the joint with anti-seepage agent.
作为优选的,所述电流变液2注满于所述导力装置1内部之前,先对所述整个刚度控制装置3和导力装置1内部构件表面做防腐蚀处理。Preferably, before the electrorheological fluid 2 is filled inside the force guiding device 1 , the surface of the entire stiffness control device 3 and the internal components of the force guiding device 1 are treated with anti-corrosion treatment.
作为优选的,所述正、负极板5安置在所述导力装置1两侧的容置空间106,具体的,先将正、负极板5嵌套在橡胶绝缘衬套内部再安置在所述的容置空间106。Preferably, the positive and negative plates 5 are placed in the accommodation space 106 on both sides of the force guiding device 1, specifically, the positive and negative plates 5 are first nested inside the rubber insulating bushing and then placed in the The accommodating space 106.
作为优选的,本发明中脚轮7c和滚轮7b的数量依据第一活动平台704和第二活动平台705的尺寸设定,同时在试验开始前,脚轮7c和滚轮7b均在表面添加润滑剂润滑后再进行试验。As preferably, the quantity of caster 7c and roller 7b among the present invention is set according to the size of the first movable platform 704 and the second movable platform 705, and before the test starts simultaneously, caster 7c and roller 7b all add lubricant after the surface is lubricated Experiment again.
尽管上面结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行了描述,但是本发明并不局限于上述的具体实施方式,上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的,并不是限制性的,本领域的普通技术人员在本发明的启示下,在不脱离本发明宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围情况下,还可以做出很多形式,这些均属于本发明的保护范围之内。Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. The above-mentioned specific embodiments are only illustrative and not restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art Under the enlightenment of the present invention, people can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present invention and the scope of protection of the claims, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
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