Vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator
The application is a kind of divisional application of application for a patent for invention " vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator ".
The original bill applying date: 2016-10-08.
Original bill application number: 2016108763645.
A kind of original bill denomination of invention: vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator.
Technical field
Vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator belongs to Pneumatic optical technical field.
Background technique
Aircraft is in atmosphere high speed flight, due to generating actual gas effect between its optical dome and free incoming flow
It answers, SHOCK WAVE INDUCED boundary layer separation, interfering with each other without viscosity flow and boundary layer, to generate because of current density variation, temperature
Complex flowfield caused by variation, constituent variation and gas molecule ionization etc., this causes heat, heat to infrared imaging detection system
Radiation and image transmitting interference cause target offset, shake, obscure, and this effect is known as aero-optical effect.
Aero-optical effect brings adverse effect to infrared image terminal guidance, make target seeker to the detection of target, tracking with
Recognition capability decline, and then influence terminal guidance precision.Since flow field density changes, change in the original of the light wherein propagated
Path generates deviation and phase change, causes the offset for causing image on imaging plane, obscures, shake and energy loss.Such as
Fruit can explore Pneumatic optical degeneration mechanism, it will be able to correct Pneumatic optical degeneration image, reduce aberration, improve optical imagery matter
Amount.As it can be seen that exploring the committed step that Pneumatic optical degeneration mechanism is improving image quality.
Pneumatic optical degeneration mechanism is explored, needs to simulate aero-optical effect.Currently, many aero-optical effect simulation dresses
Setting all is optical analog device, such as application No. is the 201410456264.8 patent of invention " Pneumatic lights based on distorted image
Learn effect analog device " and algorithm simulation, such as " a kind of simulation is pneumatic application No. is 201310193486.0 patent of invention
The method and system of optical effect ", these simulators or method all do not directly generate the air-flow for generating aero-optical effect,
It is consequently belonging to indirect analog, and is not belonging to directly simulate, therefore also have any different apart from actual aero-optical effect.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention discloses a kind of aero-optical effect simulator, which is utilized
Hot and cold gas form the characteristic of strong convection, directly generate the air-flow for generating aero-optical effect, realize that aero-optical effect is straight
Connect the purpose of simulation.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
It is downward that black matrix upper opening is arranged in vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator, the black matrix including opening upwards
Tank body, is connected between the opening of black matrix and the opening of tank body by stretching structure, and the stretching structure is internally provided with iris light
Coil structures;
The black matrix successively includes ceramic layer, middle layer, cooling layer and shell from inside to outside;It is set among the middle layer
It is equipped with resistance wire, inner wall is provided with temperature sensor, the cooling layer water-filling;
The top of the tank is provided with opening, and lid is provided in opening;
The stretching structure successively includes internal layer telescoping tube, insulating layer and outer layer telescoping tube from inside to outside, and the internal layer is stretched
The draw includes that intermediate non-telescoping end and the telescoping tube composition for being connected to non-refreshing contracting end both ends is arranged in, and is installed on non-refreshing contracting end
Iris structure;
The iris structure includes annular ring, on the annular rings equally distributed shaft, the arc rotated around the shaft
Metal blade, the shaft is identical with the quantity of curved metal blade, and at least six.
Above-mentioned vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator, further includes water tank and water pump, and the cooling layer top and bottom are each
There is an one outlet, the water in water tank is pumped into cooling layer outlet at bottom by water pump, and water is from cooling layer top exit reflow tank.
Above-mentioned vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator, the lid are stove circle structure, including multiple diameters are different, successively phase
Set, the annular ring that section is hierarchic structure.
Above-mentioned vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator, the tank body are stretching structure.
The above vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator, further includes optical imaging system, and the optical imaging system includes
Light source, pin hole, collimation lens, grating, object lens and imaging sensor;The light beam that light source issues, forms point light source through needle passing hole, then
Collimated light beam is formed after collimation lens collimates, illuminates grating, the grating and imaging sensor are separately positioned on object lens
Object space and image space;Wherein, light source, pin hole, collimation lens and grating are arranged inside black matrix, and imaging sensor is arranged in tank body
Portion, object lens are arranged inside black matrix or tank interior.
The grating can where it 90 degree of plane internal rotation.
The utility model has the advantages that
The first, due to using black matrix and tank body be open it is opposite by the way of be arranged, can be formed by force using hot and cold gas
The characteristic of strong convection current directly generates the air-flow for generating aero-optical effect, realizes the purpose that aero-optical effect is directly simulated;
The second, due to connecting between the opening of black matrix and the opening of tank body by stretching structure, the length of stretching structure is adjusted
Degree, the convection current that can change hot and cold gas is strong, and then changes gas turbulence parameter, therefore can change aero-optical effect mould
Quasi- effect, and then increase the simulation context of aero-optical effect simulator of the present invention;
Third, due to being provided with iris structure, by rotating curved metal blade, change air-flow hole size, into
And the convection current that can change hot and cold gas is strong, that is, changes gas turbulence parameter, therefore can change aero-optical effect simulation
Effect, and then increase the simulation context of aero-optical effect simulator of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of black matrix.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of stretching structure.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of iris structure.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of black matrix in specific embodiment two.
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of lid.
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of optical imaging system in vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator of the present invention.
In figure: 1 black matrix, 11 ceramic layers, 12 middle layers, 13 cooling layers, 14 shells, 2 tank bodies, 3 stretching structures, 31 internal layers are stretched
The draw, 32 insulating layers, 33 outer layer telescoping tubes, 4 iris structures, 41 annular rings, 42 shafts, 43 curved metal blades, 5 lids, 6
Water tank, 7 water pumps, 8 optical imaging systems, 81 light sources, 82 pin holes, 83 collimation lenses, 84 gratings, 85 object lens, 86 imaging sensors.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Specific embodiment one
The vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator of the present embodiment, structural schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 1.The vertical pneumatic optics
Effect analog device includes the black matrix 1 of opening upwards, is arranged in the downward tank body 2 of 1 upper opening of black matrix, the opening of black matrix 1 with
It is connected between the opening of tank body 2 by stretching structure 3, the stretching structure 3 is internally provided with iris structure 4;
The black matrix 1 successively includes ceramic layer 11, middle layer 12, cooling layer 13 and shell 14 from inside to outside;In described
Resistance wire is provided among interbed 12, inner wall is provided with temperature sensor, 13 water-filling of cooling layer;The structural representation of black matrix 1
Figure is as shown in Figure 2;
It is provided with opening at the top of the tank body 2, lid 5 is provided in opening;
The stretching structure 3 is described from inside to outside successively including internal layer telescoping tube 31, insulating layer 32 and outer layer telescoping tube 33
Internal layer telescoping tube 31 includes that intermediate non-telescoping end is arranged in form with the telescoping tube for being connected to non-refreshing contracting end both ends, in non-mind contracting
Iris structure 4 is installed on end;The structural schematic diagram of stretching structure 3 is as shown in Figure 3;
The iris structure 4 includes annular ring 41, the equally distributed shaft 42 on annular ring 41, around the shaft 42 rotation
The curved metal blade 43 turned, the shaft 42 is identical with the quantity of curved metal blade 43, and at least six;Iris knot
The structural schematic diagram of structure 4 is as shown in Figure 4.
Specific embodiment two
The vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator of the present embodiment further limits on the basis of specific embodiment one
It further include water tank 6 and water pump 7, respectively there are one outlet in 13 top and bottom of cooling layer, and the water in water tank 6 is pumped by water pump 7
13 outlet at bottom of cooling layer, water is from 13 top exit reflow tank of cooling layer, as shown in Figure 5.
This structure design, using the slow thermal conductivity of water, had both realized the heat preservation to ceramic layer 11 and middle layer 12, it is ensured that
The stability of the simulated aero-optical effect of aero-optical effect simulator, and realize the cooling to shell 14, it is ensured that it is real
Test safety.
Specific embodiment three
The vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator of the present embodiment further limits on the basis of specific embodiment one
The lid 5 is stove circle structure, different including multiple diameters, be successively nested, the annular ring that section is hierarchic structure, as shown in fig. 6,
Fig. 6 show three annular rings it is superimposed and superposition after stove circle structure schematic diagram.
This structure design can realize the openings of sizes of adjustment lid 5, and then not by adjusting the quantity of annular ring
Under the premise of changing other structures, parameter and technical indicator, changes aero-optical effect and simulate effect, and then increase gas of the present invention
The simulation context of dynamic optical effect simulator.
Specific embodiment four
The vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator of the present embodiment further limits on the basis of specific embodiment one
The tank body 2 is stretching structure.
This structure design can be realized by adjusting the length of tank body 2 and not change other structures, parameter and technology
Under the premise of index, changes aero-optical effect and simulate effect, and then increase the mould of aero-optical effect simulator of the present invention
Quasi- range.
In specific embodiment three and specific embodiment four, by change lid 5 openings of sizes or change tank body 2 length come
Change aero-optical effect and simulate effect, and then increase the simulation context of aero-optical effect simulator of the present invention, is to use
Air-flow carries out aero-optical effect and directly simulates the characteristic just having, which does not illustrate not only in the prior art, but also
Also the cognition of those skilled in the art is had exceeded.
Specific embodiment five
The above vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator further includes optical imaging system 8, and the optical imaging system is as schemed
Shown in 7, including light source 81, pin hole 82, collimation lens 83, grating 84, object lens 85 and imaging sensor 86;The light that light source 81 issues
Beam forms point light source through needle passing hole 82, forms collimated light beam after collimating using collimation lens 83, illuminate grating 84, the light
Grid 84 and imaging sensor 86 are separately positioned on the object space and image space of object lens 85;Wherein, light source 81, pin hole 82, collimation lens 83
It is arranged inside black matrix 1 with grating 84, imaging sensor 86 is arranged inside tank body 2, and the setting of object lens 85 is in 1 inside of black matrix or tank
Inside body 2, in the present embodiment, object lens 85 are arranged inside black matrix 1.
This structure design can simulate effect to Pneumatic optical and be monitored, the figure obtained using imaging sensor 86
Calculating as carrying out the decaying of 84 contrast of grating controls resistance wire according to calculated result and adjusts the threshold value of temperature sensor, real
Existing whole system closed-loop control is conducive to the accuracy for improving aero-optical effect simulation.
Specific embodiment six
The vertical pneumatic optical effect simulator of the present embodiment further limits on the basis of specific embodiment five
The grating 84 can where it 90 degree of plane internal rotation.
It has been investigated that carrying out the direct analog form of aero-optical effect using air-flow and using optical analog and algorithm mould
The essential distinction of quasi- indirect analog mode is that air-flow, which optical analog and algorithm simulation can occur in two-dimensional directional, to be controlled
Difference, such difference can not accurately control when aero-optical effect is directly simulated using air-flow, this characteristic is not only
Do not illustrate in the prior art, and have exceeded the cognition of those skilled in the art, it is therefore necessary to all to two-dimensional directional
It is monitored.And this structure qualification of the present embodiment, it can be realized the contrast variation for monitoring grating 84 in the two-dimensional direction
Rule effectively avoids single direction from realizing and simulates, and the problem that other direction is not up to standard, is conducive to improve aero-optical effect mould
Quasi- accuracy.
It should be noted that in the embodiment above, as long as reconcilable technical solution can carry out permutation and combination, this
Field technical staff can be according to the exhaustive all possibility of mathematical knowledge of permutation and combination, and therefore, the present invention is no longer to permutation and combination
Technical solution afterwards is illustrated one by one, but it is understood that presently disclosed for the technical solution after permutation and combination.