CN108591081A - Centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device and its regulation and control method - Google Patents
Centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device and its regulation and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108591081A CN108591081A CN201810313472.0A CN201810313472A CN108591081A CN 108591081 A CN108591081 A CN 108591081A CN 201810313472 A CN201810313472 A CN 201810313472A CN 108591081 A CN108591081 A CN 108591081A
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000205 computational method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/0088—Testing machines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
- F04D15/02—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
- F04D15/0245—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the pump
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device and its regulation and control methods.The present invention includes centrifugal pump, magneto and controller, the impeller center of centrifugal pump wears pump housing axis admittedly, inlet and outlet are opened up on pump case, in sealed connection turbine flowmeter on water inlet, water inlet passes through piping connection inlet gage, for water outlet by piping connection discharge pressure table, the signal output end of the signal output end of turbine flowmeter, inlet gage and discharge pressure table connects controller by electric wire；The rotor center of magneto is installed with motor shaft admittedly, and magneto is connected with ammeter and rotational speed meters by electric wire, and the signal output end of ammeter connects controller with the signal output end of rotational speed meters by electric wire；Torque sensor is set between driving end and the driving end of pump housing axis of motor shaft, and the signal output end of torque sensor connects controller by electric wire, and controller electricly connects magneto by frequency converter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of mechanical technique, be related to a kind of mating reaction of pump and motor, especially a kind of centrifugal pump with
Magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device and its regulation and control method.
Background technology
In industry spot, centrifugal pump, which is all mounted in specific pipe-line system, conveys various media, real work flow
It is not only related with Characteristics of Centrifugal Pump with lift but also closely related with the characteristic of pipeline.It is generally desirable to centrifugal pump steady operation points
It is in efficiency peak, but in actual use, user changes operation in order to meet production requirement, frequently with flow restriction control mode
Operating point, thus centrifugal pump be operated in the operating mode far from declared working condition point so that efficiency declines very much, causes great energy
Source wastes, while this manual adjustment mode is difficult accurately to adjust flow and lift, time-consuming and laborious.
In order to ensure the reliability of production, for various manufacturing machines when designing adapted power drive, all there are certain richnesses
Surplus.Such as centrifugal pump is under low flow rate condition, the torque needed is smaller, or the requirement to rotating speed is relatively low, and motor cannot be
Lower operation at full capacity, at this point, motor and pump are all in for a long time under high torque or high-revolving operating condition, extra torque increases
The consumption for having added active power causes the reduction of efficiency and the waste of electric energy.Wind turbine, the pump traditional speed regulating method of equipment such as class are
It is adjusted to air quantity and confluent by adjusting baffle, the valve opening of entrance or outlet, input power is big, and a large amount of energy
Source was consumed in baffle, during shutting off of valve.It is more various with the working environment of centrifugal pump, operating mode variation it is uncontrollable because
Element gradually increases, and centrifugal pump is made to maintain needs and city that efficiency operation state is not only energy-saving and emission-reduction jointly with motor
Field is to cost-effective inevitable trend.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is there is the above problem in view of the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of by receiving each sensor
Signal, to monitor and judge the working condition residing for centrifugal pump and magneto, the corresponding rotating speed that adjusts is to reach centrifugal pump height
The centrifugal pump of efficiency working condition and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device and its regulation and control method.
Object of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme：Centrifugal pump is filled with magneto monitoring of working condition feedback
It sets, including centrifugal pump, magneto and controller, the centrifugal pump includes pump case, has pump chamber, the pump chamber in the pump case
Pump housing axis is worn at middle setting impeller, the center of the impeller admittedly, and the driving end of the pump housing axis stretches out the pump case, on the pump case
Open up inlet and outlet, in being tightly connected turbine flowmeter on the water inlet, the water inlet by piping connection into
Water pressure table, the water outlet pass through piping connection discharge pressure table, signal output end, the intake pressure of the turbine flowmeter
The signal output end of table and discharge pressure table connects the controller by electric wire；The magneto includes motor casing, institute
Setting stator and rotor in motor casing are stated, the center of the rotor is installed with motor shaft admittedly, and institute is stretched out at the driving end of the motor shaft
Motor casing is stated, the magneto is connected with ammeter and rotational speed meters, the signal output end and rotational speed meters of the ammeter by electric wire
Signal output end the controller is connected by electric wire；It is set between driving end and the driving end of pump housing axis of the motor shaft
Set torque sensor, the motor shaft is connect by shaft coupling with the torque sensor, the pump housing axis by shaft coupling with
The torque sensor connection, the signal output end of the torque sensor connect the controller, the control by electric wire
Device electricly connects the magneto by frequency converter.
This centrifugal pump is with magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, and magneto is as power source, and magneto is with forever
Magnet replaces electrical excitation winding as magnetic potential source, and the magnetic flux and magnetic potential that it is externally provided are with external magnetic circuit magnetic conductance and armature-reaction magnetic
Variation and change automatically, can not directly adjust the size of permanent magnet magnetic potential.When magneto starts, due to its rotor inertia
It is larger so that motor can not obtain enough starting torques.When magneto is rotated with a certain frequency, the variation of load only changes
The angle of stator field axis and rotor magnetic pole axis is become, motor still keeps synchronous rotational speed to rotate at this time, when stator field axis
The angle of line and rotor magnetic pole axis increases and is more than Maximal load angle, at this time the magnetic between motor stator magnetic field and rotor permanent magnet
Power will be unable to maintain load balance so that rotor is detached from synchronous rotational speed and step-out occurs.Introducing controller can to motor variable-frequency speed-regulating
Effectively to solve magneto asynchronous starting and asynchronous oscillation.
Centrifugal pump is ideally operated in efficiency peak as carrier, centrifugal pump, but in actual use,
User can usually change the running operating point of centrifugal pump to meet production requirement, so that the efficiency of centrifugal pump is declined very much, cause
The waste of the energy.
Control system includes controller, frequency converter, touch screen and alarm.The controller carries PID regulator function,
PID can be completed using instruction guide to program, can be adjusted by the PID adjusting control panel on-line debugging functions of programming software
Go out suitable pid parameter, it is very easy to use to obtain good closed loop regulating effect.
Shaft coupling needs have higher sensibility and balance, in order to which torque sensor captures the variation of torque, together
When, due to the integration of device, so axial deviation and radial missing can be smaller, it is also smaller to the load of shaft coupling.Plum blossom joins
Axis utensil has larger axial direction, radially and angularly compensation ability, and simple in structure, radial dimension is small, light-weight, and rotary inertia is small,
Suitable for high speed occasion.Therefore, the plum coupling selected fine balance quality and applied suitable for high rotating speed.
Turbine flowmeter, pressure gauge, ammeter, rotational speed meters and torque sensor occupation mode be the prior art.Permanent magnetism
The circuit connecting mode of motor and ammeter, rotational speed meters is available circuit structure, and uses function using in the prior art.
The connection type of turbine flowmeter, pressure gauge, ammeter, rotational speed meters and torque sensor and controller, signal transfer function are
The prior art.The circuit structure and automatically controlled application that controller passes through frequency converter electric control permanent magnet motor are the prior art.
In above-mentioned centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, the controller is also connected by electric wire and is touched
Touch screen and alarm.The circuit connecting mode of controller and touch screen and alarm is the prior art, signal interaction regulation and control
Also belong to the prior art.Every operating point parameter is shown by touch screen, is depicted as characteristic curve of centrifugal pump, and further carry out
Artificial regulatory operates.Touch screen realization human-computer interaction, the input of real-time display magneto, output power, efficiency, centrifugal pump
Each seed ginseng can also be arranged in consumption power and efficiency, the status informations such as gross efficiency of whole device, monitoring personnel by touch screen
Number, the operations such as modify to working condition, and started, stopped.By alarm, cannot be automatically adjusted in device appearance
When reparation, triggering alarm.
In above-mentioned centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, the water inlet of the turbine flowmeter and pump case
By flanged joint between mouthful, multigroup mounting hole is uniformly opened on the border of the flange, passes through bolt shape in the mounting hole
At being fixedly mounted with.
In above-mentioned centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, terminal box, institute are set on the motor casing
State several automatically controlled signal ends that frequency converter is correspondingly connected with by several electric wires in the terminal box.
In above-mentioned centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, card sets solid between the rotor and motor shaft
Determine key, screens slot is set on the inner wall of the rotor, recessed keyway on the outer wall of the motor shaft, a part for the retainingf key
In embedded keyway, form a fixed connection in another part insertion screens slot.Rotor is formed reliably with motor shaft by keyway arrangements
Be connected, to ensure to rotate synchronously together.
In above-mentioned centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, the both ends of the motor shaft are socketed with axis
It holds, the bearing is formed by supporting rack and the motor casing and is fixedly mounted, and be sticked V-shaped seal ring on the end face of the bearing.
By the rotational support of bearing, motor shaft is made to transfer out steering power.Bearing end is effectively realized by V-shaped seal ring
Sealing function.
The regulation and control method of centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, includes the following steps：
1) when, magneto starts, the voltage that frequency converter exports lower frequency forms the slow stator field of rotation, with
The increase of power angle, electromagnetic torque also accordingly increases and rotor inertia is overcome to make its rotation, and rotating speed is with frequency converter frequency
Raising and gradually rise to a certain rotating speed, complete starting process；
2) it, being started by magneto, the operating of synchronous driving motor axis is dynamic by shaft coupling synchronous drive pump housing shaft rotation,
Realize the startup operation of centrifugal pump；
3), in centrifugal pump operational process, the flow of trandfer fluid and the component of fluid change at any time, needed for correspondence
The torque wanted is changed at any time；
4), using the unit speed set as interval (unit speed is set as 50 turns), driving centrifugal pump carries out different turn
Speed operation, the parameter value of every operating point in the case of different rotating speeds detected, be depicted as characteristic curve of centrifugal pump, pass through
Electric signal uploads in the terminal database of controller, and pump discharge normal interval value, pump lift are being set out just by monitoring calculation
Normal interval value, pump peak efficiency value and its fluctuation range percentage；
Pump peak efficiency fluctuation range percentage is set in the present embodiment as 5%, this data can carry out practical application adjustment,
Such as it can specifically be set by adjusting the mounting height of pump.
5) the pump discharge instantaneous value that centrifugal pump, is monitored by turbine flowmeter passes through inlet gage, discharge pressure table point
Pump suction supply pressure value, water outlet pressure force value Jian Ce not be centrifuged, it is real-time to calculate pump lift by influent pressure force value and water outlet pressure force value
Value (computational methods belong to calculation in the prior art) monitors the voltage instantaneous value and electric current reality of magneto by ammeter
Duration calculates power input to machine instantaneous value using voltage instantaneous value and electric current instantaneous value, forever by torque sensor monitoring
The Motor torque instantaneous value of magneto monitors the motor speed instantaneous value of magneto by rotational speed meters, utilizes Motor torque reality
Duration and motor speed instantaneous value calculate output power of motor instantaneous value, are exported by power input to machine instantaneous value and motor
Power instantaneous value calculates electric efficiency instantaneous value (computational methods belong to calculation in the prior art),
A, when pump discharge instantaneous value is less than pump lift normal interval less than pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value
When value, controller exports positive feedback signal to single chip control unit, and the rotating speed to adjust magneto by frequency converter increases,
It is synchronous to increase centrifugation revolution speed and increase flow and lift；
B, when pump discharge instantaneous value is higher than pump lift normal interval higher than pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value
When value, controller exports negative-feedback signal to single chip control unit, and the rotating speed to adjust magneto by frequency converter reduces,
It is synchronous to reduce centrifugation revolution speed and reduce flow and lift；
There are one the flows and lift stablized for centrifugal pump needs, specifically when pumped (conveying) medium change of component, flow and lift
It can change, so needing to be adjusted.By the similarity law of centrifugal pump, flow is directly proportional to rotating speed, and the two of lift and rotating speed
Power is directly proportional, thus adjusts rotating speed, that is, regulating flow quantity and lift.And the efficiency change pumped when rotating speed changes is little, this
Sample can make pump remain higher operational efficiency while adjusting rotating speed.In addition magneto power is in a disguised form realized
It adjusts, reaches energy-efficient effect, such as flow lift is bigger than normal sometimes, adjusts rotating speed and becomes smaller, then magneto output work
Rate is also accordingly reduced.
C, when pump discharge instantaneous value is located in pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value is located at the normal area of pump lift
Between be worth in when, controller to single chip control unit export negative-feedback signal, with pass through frequency converter adjust magneto rotating speed
Reduce, until the output power of motor instantaneous value of magneto reaches minimum applicable output power, to save the energy.
The minimum output power that is applicable in refers to the lower limit boundary value of pump nominal situation down-off and Yang Cheng, then turns rotating speed down and just surpass
The lower limit of flow is gone out, that is, being less than minimum applicable output power can not ensure that pump normal work, the minimum speed are corresponding
Power is exactly the applicable output power of minimum.
Closed-loop control is carried out to rotating speed and torque in frequency control, can be adjusted at any time synchronous rotational speed, avoid magneto
There is step-out phenomenon；It can be adjusted to suitable rotating speed and torque for different operating conditions simultaneously, reduce active power
Consumption, it is energy saving, improve the efficiency of magneto.
In above-mentioned regulation and control method, the unit interval is calculated by the product of lift and mass flow and acceleration of gravity
The effective power that the interior output liquid from pump obtains, when the real-time effective efficiency value of pump of centrifugal pump has exceeded pump peak efficiency value
Fluctuation range percentage belongs to the precarious position that can not regulate and control, then controller is to single chip control unit outputting parking signal, with
Regulate and control magneto by frequency converter to shut down, synchronous control alarm sends out alarm.
The efficiency of centrifugal pump is the ratio of the output power and input power of pump, i.e.,Lift is the list of pump output
The calculation formula of the effective energy that position weight liquid is obtained from pump, above-mentioned pump effective power is Pe=HQmG=ρ gQH (W).
It first having to ensure that centrifugal pump is operated near pump peak efficiency value, fluctuation range percentage is 5% in the present embodiment,
I.e. the pump Real time Efficiency value of centrifugal pump is in pump peak efficiency value ± 5%.Light changes rotating speed and can not be adjusted under precarious position,
Shutdown inspection is needed, be adjusted by worker and is taken the necessary measures.This thing happens, and reason is relatively more, possible centrifugal pump
Mounting height is changed, and damage etc. occurs in the parts thereof of centrifugal pump.
In above-mentioned regulation and control method, power input to machine instantaneous value and output power of motor instantaneous value are transmitted to touch
Output power of motor instantaneous value and motor rated power are carried out intuitively comparing, to judge per moment permanent magnetism by screen by touch screen
The power save mode of motor.
In above-mentioned regulation and control method, magneto starts, and when stator is passed through three-phase alternating current, three-phase current is in stator
Voltage drop is generated on the resistance of winding, the armature field of the rotating armature magnetomotive force and foundation that generated by three-phase alternating current passes through
Cutting stator winding generates induced electromotive force, and then is rotated with synchronous rotational speed with electromagnetic force dragging rotor.
Compared with prior art, this centrifugal pump has following with magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device and its regulation and control method
Advantage：
By monitoring pump and each operating point parameter of motor, working condition residing for pump and motor, working efficiency are obtained
With total working efficiency, rotating speed is adjusted by frequency converter, while so that device is suitable for different operating modes, ensures that device begins
It is operated near best efficiency point eventually, when unadjustable failure occurs for device, carries out stopping alarm.Using variable-frequency control technique
This effective control method, as long as the rotating speed of control motor or pump is the flow of controllable pump, and speed adjustable range is wide, adjusts
Fast precision is high, and pump can not only be made to be in higher efficient point, reduces energy loss, can also build automatic monitoring feedback control
Device processed.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of this centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device.
Fig. 2 is the control flow block diagram of the present invention.
In figure, 1, turbine flowmeter；2, pump case；3, impeller；4, pump housing axis；5, inlet gage；6, discharge pressure table；7、
Torque sensor；8, motor casing；9, motor shaft；10, ammeter；11, rotational speed meters；12, frequency converter；13, controller；14, touch screen；
15, alarm.
Specific implementation mode
Following is a specific embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, technical scheme of the present invention will be further described,
However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
As shown in Figure 1, this centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, including centrifugal pump, magneto and control
Device 13 processed, centrifugal pump include pump case 2, have pump chamber in pump case 2, impeller 3 are arranged in pump chamber, pump housing axis is worn at the center of impeller 3 admittedly
4, the driving end of pump housing axis 4 stretches out pump case 2, and inlet and outlet are opened up on pump case 2, is in be tightly connected turbine flow on water inlet
Gauge 1, water inlet pass through piping connection discharge pressure table 6, turbine flowmeter 1 by piping connection inlet gage 5, water outlet
Signal output end, inlet gage 5 and discharge pressure table 6 signal output end pass through electric wire and connect controller 13；Permanent magnetism
Motor includes motor casing 8, and stator is arranged in motor casing 8 and rotor, the center of rotor are installed with motor shaft 9, the driving of motor shaft 9 admittedly
Motor casing 8 is stretched out at end, and magneto is connected with ammeter 10 and rotational speed meters 11, the signal output end and rotating speed of ammeter 10 by electric wire
The signal output end of instrument 11 connects controller 13 by electric wire；It is set between driving end and the driving end of pump housing axis 4 of motor shaft 9
Torque sensor 7 is set, motor shaft 9 is connect by shaft coupling with torque sensor 7, and pump housing axis 4 passes through shaft coupling and torque sensing
Device 7 connects, and the signal output end of torque sensor 7 connects controller 13 by electric wire, and controller 13 is automatically controlled by frequency converter 12
Connect magneto.
This centrifugal pump is with magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, and magneto is as power source, and magneto is with forever
Magnet replaces electrical excitation winding as magnetic potential source, and the magnetic flux and magnetic potential that it is externally provided are with external magnetic circuit magnetic conductance and armature-reaction magnetic
Variation and change automatically, can not directly adjust the size of permanent magnet magnetic potential.When magneto starts, due to its rotor inertia
It is larger so that motor can not obtain enough starting torques.When magneto is rotated with a certain frequency, the variation of load only changes
The angle of stator field axis and rotor magnetic pole axis is become, motor still keeps synchronous rotational speed to rotate at this time, when stator field axis
The angle of line and rotor magnetic pole axis increases and is more than Maximal load angle, at this time the magnetic between motor stator magnetic field and rotor permanent magnet
Power will be unable to maintain load balance so that rotor is detached from synchronous rotational speed and step-out occurs.Controller 13 is introduced to motor variable-frequency speed-regulating
Magneto asynchronous starting and asynchronous oscillation can effectively be solved.
Centrifugal pump is ideally operated in efficiency peak as carrier, centrifugal pump, but in actual use,
User can usually change the running operating point of centrifugal pump to meet production requirement, so that the efficiency of centrifugal pump is declined very much, cause
The waste of the energy.
Control system includes controller 13, frequency converter 12, touch screen 14 and alarm 15.Controller 13 carries PID adjustings
Device function can be completed PID using instruction guide and program, passes through the PID adjusting control panel on-line debugging functions of programming software
Suitable pid parameter can be adjusted out, it is very easy to use to obtain good closed loop regulating effect.
Shaft coupling needs have higher sensibility and balance, in order to which torque sensor 7 captures the variation of torque, together
When, due to the integration of device, so axial deviation and radial missing can be smaller, it is also smaller to the load of shaft coupling.Plum blossom joins
Axis utensil has larger axial direction, radially and angularly compensation ability, and simple in structure, radial dimension is small, light-weight, and rotary inertia is small,
Suitable for high speed occasion.Therefore, the plum coupling selected fine balance quality and applied suitable for high rotating speed.
Turbine flowmeter 1, pressure gauge, ammeter 10, rotational speed meters 11 and torque sensor 7 occupation mode be existing skill
Art.The circuit connecting mode of magneto and ammeter 10, rotational speed meters 11 is available circuit structure, and using in the prior art
Use function.The connection side of turbine flowmeter 1, pressure gauge, ammeter 10, rotational speed meters 11 and torque sensor 7 and controller 13
Formula, signal transfer function are the prior art.Controller 13 passes through the circuit structure of 12 electric control permanent magnet motor of frequency converter and automatically controlled
Using being the prior art.
Controller 13 also connects touch screen 14 and alarm 15 by electric wire.Controller 13 and touch screen 14 and alarm 15
Circuit connecting mode be the prior art, signal interaction regulation and control also belong to the prior art.Items are shown by touch screen 14
Operating point parameter, is depicted as characteristic curve of centrifugal pump, stepping pedestrian's work control manipulation of going forward side by side.Touch screen 14 realizes man-machine friendship
Mutually, the input of real-time display magneto, output power, efficiency, the consumption power and efficiency of centrifugal pump, total effect of whole device
The status informations such as rate, monitoring personnel can also be arranged various parameters by touch screen 14, modify to working condition, and carry out
The operations such as startup, stopping.Pass through alarm 15, when device appearance cannot automatically adjust reparation, triggering alarm.
By flanged joint between turbine flowmeter 1 and the water inlet of pump case 2, multigroup peace is uniformly opened on the border of flange
Hole is filled, is fixedly mounted with by bolt formation in mounting hole.
Terminal box is set on motor casing 8, and frequency converter 12 is correspondingly connected with several automatically controlled letters in terminal box by several electric wires
Number end.
Card sets retainingf key between rotor and motor shaft 9, and screens slot, the outer wall fovea superior of motor shaft 9 is arranged on the inner wall of rotor
If keyway, in the embedded keyway of a part of retainingf key, form a fixed connection in another part insertion screens slot.Rotor and motor shaft
9 by keyway arrangements formed it is reliable be connected, to ensure to rotate synchronously together.
The both ends of motor shaft 9 are socketed with bearing, and bearing is formed by supporting rack and motor casing 8 and is fixedly mounted, the end of bearing
Be sticked V-shaped seal ring on face.By the rotational support of bearing, motor shaft 9 is made to transfer out steering power.Pass through V-seal
Circle effectively realizes the sealing function of bearing end.
As shown in Fig. 2, the regulation and control method of this centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, includes the following steps：
1) when, magneto starts, the voltage that frequency converter exports lower frequency forms the slow stator field of rotation, with
The increase of power angle, electromagnetic torque also accordingly increases and rotor inertia is overcome to make its rotation, and rotating speed is with frequency converter frequency
Raising and gradually rise to a certain rotating speed, complete starting process；
2) it, is started by magneto, synchronous driving motor axis 9 operates, by 4 turns of shaft coupling synchronous drive pump housing axis
It is dynamic, realize the startup operation of centrifugal pump；
3), in centrifugal pump operational process, the flow of trandfer fluid and the component of fluid change at any time, needed for correspondence
The torque wanted is changed at any time；
4), using the unit speed set as interval (unit speed is set as 50 turns), driving centrifugal pump carries out different turn
Speed operation, the parameter value of every operating point in the case of different rotating speeds detected, be depicted as characteristic curve of centrifugal pump, pass through
Electric signal uploads in the terminal database of controller 13, and pump discharge normal interval value, pump lift are set out by monitoring calculation
Normal interval value, pump peak efficiency value and its fluctuation range percentage；
Pump peak efficiency fluctuation range percentage is set in the present embodiment as 5%, this data can carry out practical application adjustment,
Such as it can specifically be set by adjusting the mounting height of pump.
5) the pump discharge instantaneous value that centrifugal pump, is monitored by turbine flowmeter 1, passes through inlet gage 5, discharge pressure table
6 monitor centrifugation pump suction supply pressure value, water outlet pressure force value respectively, and pump lift reality is calculated by influent pressure force value and water outlet pressure force value
Duration (computational methods belong to calculation in the prior art) monitors the voltage instantaneous value and electricity of magneto by ammeter 10
Instantaneous value is flowed, power input to machine instantaneous value is calculated using voltage instantaneous value and electric current instantaneous value, is supervised by torque sensor 7
The Motor torque instantaneous value for surveying magneto is monitored the motor speed instantaneous value of magneto by rotational speed meters 11, utilizes motor
Torque instantaneous value and motor speed instantaneous value calculate output power of motor instantaneous value, pass through power input to machine instantaneous value and electricity
Machine output power instantaneous value calculates electric efficiency instantaneous value (computational methods belong to calculation in the prior art),
A, when pump discharge instantaneous value is less than pump lift normal interval less than pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value
When value, controller 13 exports positive feedback signal to single chip control unit, and the rotating speed to adjust magneto by frequency converter increases
Add, it is synchronous to increase centrifugation revolution speed and increase flow and lift；
B, when pump discharge instantaneous value is higher than pump lift normal interval higher than pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value
When value, controller 13 exports negative-feedback signal to single chip control unit, and the rotating speed to adjust magneto by frequency converter subtracts
It is small, it is synchronous to reduce centrifugation revolution speed and reduce flow and lift；
There are one the flows and lift stablized for centrifugal pump needs, specifically when pumped (conveying) medium change of component, flow and lift
It can change, so needing to be adjusted.By the similarity law of centrifugal pump, flow is directly proportional to rotating speed, and the two of lift and rotating speed
Power is directly proportional, thus adjusts rotating speed, that is, regulating flow quantity and lift.And the efficiency change pumped when rotating speed changes is little, this
Sample can make pump remain higher operational efficiency while adjusting rotating speed.In addition magneto power is in a disguised form realized
It adjusts, reaches energy-efficient effect, such as flow lift is bigger than normal sometimes, adjusts rotating speed and becomes smaller, then magneto output work
Rate is also accordingly reduced.
C, when pump discharge instantaneous value is located in pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value is located at the normal area of pump lift
Between be worth in when, controller 13 exports negative-feedback signal to single chip control unit, and magneto is adjusted to pass through frequency converter 12
Rotating speed reduces, until the output power of motor instantaneous value of magneto reaches minimum applicable output power, to save the energy.
The minimum output power that is applicable in refers to the lower limit boundary value of pump nominal situation down-off and Yang Cheng, then turns rotating speed down and just surpass
The lower limit of flow is gone out, that is, being less than minimum applicable output power can not ensure that pump normal work, the minimum speed are corresponding
Power is exactly the applicable output power of minimum.
Closed-loop control is carried out to rotating speed and torque in frequency control, can be adjusted at any time synchronous rotational speed, avoid magneto
There is step-out phenomenon；It can be adjusted to suitable rotating speed and torque for different operating conditions simultaneously, reduce active power
Consumption, it is energy saving, improve the efficiency of magneto.
Calculate in the unit interval from pump that output liquid is obtained by the product of lift and mass flow and acceleration of gravity
The effective power obtained, when the real-time effective efficiency value of pump of centrifugal pump has exceeded the fluctuation range percentage of pump peak efficiency value, category
In the precarious position that can not regulate and control, then controller 13 is to single chip control unit outputting parking signal, to be regulated and controled by frequency converter
Magneto is shut down, and synchronous control alarm 15 sends out alarm.
The efficiency of centrifugal pump is the ratio of the output power and input power of pump, i.e.,Lift is the list of pump output
The calculation formula of the effective energy that position weight liquid is obtained from pump, above-mentioned pump effective power is Pe=HQmG=ρ gQH (W).
It first having to ensure that centrifugal pump is operated near pump peak efficiency value, fluctuation range percentage is 5% in the present embodiment,
I.e. the pump Real time Efficiency value of centrifugal pump is in pump peak efficiency value ± 5%.Light changes rotating speed and can not be adjusted under precarious position,
Shutdown inspection is needed, be adjusted by worker and is taken the necessary measures.This thing happens, and reason is relatively more, possible centrifugal pump
Mounting height is changed, and damage etc. occurs in the parts thereof of centrifugal pump.
Power input to machine instantaneous value and output power of motor instantaneous value are transmitted to touch screen 14, it will by touch screen 14
Output power of motor instantaneous value carries out intuitively comparing with motor rated power, to judge the power save mode per moment magneto.
Magneto starts, and when stator is passed through three-phase alternating current, three-phase current generates electricity on the resistance of stator winding
Pressure drop, the armature field of the rotating armature magnetomotive force and foundation that generated by three-phase alternating current generate sense by cutting stator winding
Electromotive force is answered, and then is rotated with synchronous rotational speed with electromagnetic force dragging rotor.
This centrifugal pump has the following advantages with magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device and its regulation and control method：
By monitoring pump and each operating point parameter of motor, working condition residing for pump and motor, working efficiency are obtained
With total working efficiency, rotating speed is adjusted by frequency converter 12, while so that device is suitable for different operating modes, ensures device
It always works near best efficiency point, when unadjustable failure occurs for device, carries out stopping alarm.Using frequency control skill
This effective control method of art, if the rotating speed of control motor or pump is the flow of controllable pump, and speed adjustable range it is wide,
Speed regulation accuracy is high, and pump can not only be made to be in higher efficient point, reduces energy loss, can also build automatic monitoring feedback
Control device.
Specific embodiment described herein is only an example for the spirit of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention is led
The technical staff in domain can make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or replace by a similar method
In generation, however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.
Although turbine flowmeter 1 is used more herein；Pump case 2；Impeller 3；Pump housing axis 4；Inlet gage 5；Water outlet
Pressure gauge 6；Torque sensor 7；Motor casing 8；Motor shaft 9；Ammeter 10；Rotational speed meters 11；Frequency converter 12；Controller 13；Touch screen
14；The terms such as alarm 15, but it does not preclude the possibility of using other terms.The use of these items is only for more convenient
Ground describes and explains the essence of the present invention；Being construed as any one of the additional limitations all is disagreed with spirit of that invention
's.
Claims (10)
1. centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, including centrifugal pump, magneto and controller, feature exist
In the centrifugal pump includes pump case, has pump chamber in the pump case, and impeller is arranged in the pump chamber, and the center of the impeller is solid
Pump housing axis is worn, the driving end of the pump housing axis stretches out the pump case, inlet and outlet, the water inlet are opened up on the pump case
In turbine flowmeter is tightly connected on mouth, the water inlet passes through pipeline by piping connection inlet gage, the water outlet
Connect discharge pressure table, the signal output end of the turbine flowmeter, the signal output end of inlet gage and discharge pressure table
The controller is connected by electric wire；The magneto includes motor casing, setting stator and rotor, institute in the motor casing
The center for stating rotor is installed with motor shaft admittedly, and the motor casing is stretched out at the driving end of the motor shaft, and the magneto passes through electricity
Line is connected with ammeter and rotational speed meters, and the signal output end of the ammeter connects institute with the signal output end of rotational speed meters by electric wire
State controller；Torque sensor is set between driving end and the driving end of pump housing axis of the motor shaft, the motor shaft passes through
Shaft coupling is connect with the torque sensor, and the pump housing axis is connect by shaft coupling with the torque sensor, the torque
The signal output end of sensor connects the controller by electric wire, and the controller electricly connects the permanent magnetism by frequency converter
Motor.
2. centrifugal pump according to claim 1 and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, which is characterized in that the control
Device also connects touch screen and alarm by electric wire.
3. centrifugal pump according to claim 1 and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, which is characterized in that the turbine
By flanged joint between flowmeter and the water inlet of pump case, multigroup mounting hole is uniformly opened on the border of the flange, it is described
It is fixedly mounted with by bolt formation in mounting hole.
4. centrifugal pump according to claim 1 and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, which is characterized in that the motor
Terminal box is set on shell, and the frequency converter is correspondingly connected with several automatically controlled signal ends in the terminal box by several electric wires.
5. centrifugal pump according to claim 1 and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, which is characterized in that the rotor
Card sets retainingf key between motor shaft, is arranged screens slot on the inner wall of the rotor, recessed keyway on the outer wall of the motor shaft,
In the embedded keyway of a part of the retainingf key, form a fixed connection in another part insertion screens slot.
6. centrifugal pump according to claim 1 and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device, which is characterized in that the motor
The both ends of axis are socketed with bearing, and the bearing is formed by supporting rack and the motor casing and is fixedly mounted, the end face of the bearing
On be sticked V-shaped seal ring.
7. the regulation and control method of centrifugal pump and magneto monitoring of working condition feedback device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Include the following steps：
1) when, magneto starts, the voltage that frequency converter exports lower frequency forms the slow stator field of rotation, with negative
Carry the increase at angle, electromagnetic torque also accordingly increases and rotor inertia is overcome to make its rotation, rotating speed with frequency converter frequency liter
It is high and gradually rise to a certain rotating speed, complete starting process；
2) it, is started by magneto, the operating of synchronous driving motor axis is dynamic by shaft coupling synchronous drive pump housing shaft rotation, realizes
The startup of centrifugal pump is run；
3), in centrifugal pump operational process, the flow of trandfer fluid and the component of fluid change at any time, and correspondence is required
Torque is changed at any time；
4), using the unit speed set as interval, driving centrifugal pump carries out different rotating speed operations, in the case of different rotating speeds
The parameter value of every operating point detected, and be depicted as characteristic curve of centrifugal pump, and the terminal of controller is uploaded to by electric signal
In database, by monitoring calculation set out pump discharge normal interval value, pump lift normal interval value, pump peak efficiency value and its
Fluctuation range percentage；
5) the pump discharge instantaneous value that centrifugal pump, is monitored by turbine flowmeter, is supervised respectively by inlet gage, discharge pressure table
Centrifugation pump suction supply pressure value, water outlet pressure force value are surveyed, pump lift instantaneous value is calculated by influent pressure force value and water outlet pressure force value, is led to
The voltage instantaneous value and electric current instantaneous value for crossing ammeter monitoring magneto, electricity is calculated using voltage instantaneous value and electric current instantaneous value
Machine input power instantaneous value monitors the Motor torque instantaneous value of magneto by torque sensor, forever by rotational speed meters monitoring
The motor speed instantaneous value of magneto calculates output power of motor reality using Motor torque instantaneous value and motor speed instantaneous value
Duration calculates electric efficiency instantaneous value by power input to machine instantaneous value and output power of motor instantaneous value,
A, when pump discharge instantaneous value is less than pump lift normal interval value less than pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value,
Controller exports positive feedback signal to single chip control unit, and the rotating speed to adjust magneto by frequency converter increases, synchronous
Increase centrifugation revolution speed and increases flow and lift；
B, when pump discharge instantaneous value is higher than pump lift normal interval value higher than pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value,
Controller exports negative-feedback signal to single chip control unit, and the rotating speed to adjust magneto by frequency converter reduces, synchronous
Reduce centrifugation revolution speed and reduces flow and lift；
C, when pump discharge instantaneous value is located in pump discharge normal interval value or pump lift instantaneous value is located at pump lift normal interval value
When interior, controller exports negative-feedback signal to single chip control unit, and the rotating speed to adjust magneto by frequency converter reduces,
Until the output power of motor instantaneous value of magneto reaches minimum applicable output power, to save the energy.
8. regulation and control method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that pass through lift and mass flow and acceleration of gravity
Product calculates the effective power that output liquid obtains from pump in the unit interval, when the real-time effective efficiency value of the pump of centrifugal pump is super
The fluctuation range percentage for having gone out pump peak efficiency value, belongs to the precarious position that can not regulate and control, then controller controls microcontroller
Unit outputting parking signal is shut down with regulating and controlling magneto by frequency converter, and synchronous control alarm sends out alarm.
9. regulation and control method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that by power input to machine instantaneous value and motor output work
Rate instantaneous value is transmitted to touch screen, is intuitively compared output power of motor instantaneous value with motor rated power by touch screen
Compared with to judge the power save mode per moment magneto.
10. regulation and control method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that magneto starts, and stator is passed through three-phase alternating current
When electric, three-phase current generates voltage drop on the resistance of stator winding, by three-phase alternating current generate rotating armature magnetomotive force and
The armature field of foundation generates induced electromotive force by cutting stator winding, and then drags rotor with electromagnetic force with synchronous rotational speed
Rotation.
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