CN108591057B - Single-cavity asymmetric sliding vane vacuum pump - Google Patents

Single-cavity asymmetric sliding vane vacuum pump Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108591057B
CN108591057B CN201810516631.7A CN201810516631A CN108591057B CN 108591057 B CN108591057 B CN 108591057B CN 201810516631 A CN201810516631 A CN 201810516631A CN 108591057 B CN108591057 B CN 108591057B
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cylinder
point
vacuum pump
end cover
sliding vane
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CN108591057A (en
Inventor
王君
陈志凯
崔淑洁
魏蜀红
杨舒然
冯浩志
李薪池
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China University of Petroleum East China
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China University of Petroleum East China
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/30Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members
    • F04C18/34Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members
    • F04C18/344Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids having the characteristics covered by two or more of groups F04C18/02, F04C18/08, F04C18/22, F04C18/24, F04C18/48, or having the characteristics covered by one of these groups together with some other type of movement between co-operating members having the movement defined in group F04C18/08 or F04C18/22 and relative reciprocation between the co-operating members with vanes reciprocating with respect to the inner member
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C25/00Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids
    • F04C25/02Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids for producing high vacuum
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C29/00Component parts, details or accessories of pumps or pumping installations, not provided for in groups F04C18/00 - F04C28/00
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04CROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C2250/00Geometry
    • F04C2250/30Geometry of the stator
    • F04C2250/301Geometry of the stator compression chamber profile defined by a mathematical expression or by parameters

Abstract

The invention discloses a single-cavity asymmetric sliding vane vacuum pump, and relates to the field of fluid machinery; mainly comprises a sliding vane (1), a cylinder (2), a rotor (3), an upper end cover (4) and a lower end cover (5); the cylinder profile (201) is an asymmetric closed curve with a continuous second derivative, the cylinder profile is continuous and smooth, no abrupt points exist, and the cylinder profile (201) is symmetrical about the axis of the cylinder profile through the center line of the rotation center; in the working process, the suction, compression and exhaust of the sliding vane vacuum pump are realized through the working cavity chamber with the formed volume capable of periodically changing. The invention can effectively improve the internal volume ratio of the sliding vane vacuum pump, has small sealing clearance between the cylinder molded line (201) and the outer contour line of the rotor (3), always keeps the top end of the sliding vane (1) attached to the inner wall surface of the cylinder (2) in the exhaust process, and is beneficial to the exhaust sealing of the sliding vane vacuum pump; meanwhile, the stress of the sliding sheet (1) is improved, and the friction loss is reduced.

Description

Single-cavity asymmetric sliding vane vacuum pump
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fluid machinery, and particularly relates to a single-cavity asymmetric sliding vane vacuum pump.
Background
The sliding vane type vacuum pump is a rotary positive displacement vacuum pump, and the suction, pressurization and exhaust of gas are realized through a crescent cavity which is formed between the outer cylindrical surface of the rotor and the inner wall of the cylinder body and changes periodically; the device has the advantages of simple structure, small volume, few parts, low noise and stable operation, and is widely applied to the pre-vacuum pump pumping equipment and the automobile brake booster system. The cylinder molded lines of common single-cavity sliding vane vacuum pumps are usually round, and the cylinder molded lines can cause small internal volume ratio of the sliding vane vacuum pump, the sealing contact line between the rotor and the inner wall of the cylinder body is short, and the communication between a high-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity is easy to cause, so that the exhaust sealing of the sliding vane vacuum pump is not facilitated.
The patent with the publication number of CN 107654374A proposes an electronic vacuum pump, but the invention has the defects that a rotor and a cylinder are eccentrically arranged, a cylinder molded line is circular, the cylinder molded line is axisymmetric about a connecting line of a rotor rotation center and a circular cylinder molded line center, the internal volume ratio of the electronic vacuum pump is not improved, the contact line of the rotor and the inner wall surface of the cylinder is short, and the problems that the internal volume ratio is small, a sealed contact line is short, and a high-pressure chamber and a low-pressure chamber in an exhaust stage are easy to communicate still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the internal volume ratio of the sliding vane vacuum pump is small, the sealing contact line between a rotor and the inner wall of a cylinder body is short, the communication between a high-pressure cavity and a low-pressure cavity is easy to cause and exhaust leakage is generated, the invention provides a single-cavity asymmetric sliding vane vacuum pump, the cylinder profile on a cylinder is an asymmetric closed curve with continuous second derivative, abrupt points are continuously smooth and free, the cylinder profile is symmetrical about the axis through the center line of a rotation center point, the gap between the cylinder profile between two points from C to A (comprising C, A) and the outer contour line of the rotor is gradually increased, and the polar diameter of the cylinder profile is defined by R 3 Increase to R 3 +0.04, the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line from the point A to the point B increases rapidly, the maximum is reached at the point B, the curve form rises steeply from the point A to the point B, the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line from the point B to the point C begins to decrease gradually, and the curve becomes gentle gradually. The invention can improve the internal volume ratio of the sliding vane vacuum pump, the sealing line formed by the rotor and the inner wall of the cylinder is long, the high-pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber are well separated, and the sliding vane and the inner wall of the cylinder are always attached in the exhaust process, thereby being beneficial to exhaust sealing; meanwhile, the asymmetric cylinder molded lines are beneficial to improving the stress condition of the sliding vane, and have important significance for enriching the cylinder molded lines of the sliding vane vacuum pump and promoting the development of the sliding vane vacuum pump.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a single chamber asymmetric slide vane vacuum pump comprising: the cylinder profile 201 on the cylinder 2 is an asymmetric closed curve with continuous second derivative, namely the cylinder profile 201 is continuous and smooth without abrupt points, and the cylinder profile 201 is symmetrical about the axis by the center line of the rotation center point O; the cylinder profile 201 takes the rotation center point O as the origin of coordinates, and the polar coordinate equation of the cylinder profile 201 is as follows:
wherein: r is R 1 -cylinder profile top radius, mm; r is R 3 -cylinder profile base radius, mm; t-angle parameter, rad; n is a power exponent, and the value range of n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3.5;
there are three special points A, B, C on the cylinder profile 201: the first point a is at ρ (0) =r 3 A dot; the second point B is the farthest point from the rotation center point O on the cylinder molded line 201, and the polar diameter is the maximum value; as t increases from 0, the third point C is located at the cylinder line 201 with the polar diameter ρ=r 3 +0.04; in the cylinder molded line 201, a center angle AOC corresponding to two points A, C is alpha; C. the center angle COB corresponding to the two points B is gamma, the center angle BOA corresponding to the two points B, A is beta, and the three points A, B, C meet the geometric relationship: gamma ray>Beta; α+γ+β=360°; in the cylinder molded line 201, the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line 201 from the point A to the point B is rapidly increased, the maximum is reached at the point B, the curve form is steeply increased from the point A to the point B, the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line 201 from the point B to the point C is gradually reduced, and the curve is gradually gentle.
A single-cavity asymmetric sliding vane vacuum pump is characterized in that a cylinder 2 and a rotor 3 are concentrically arranged, a gap between a cylinder molded line 201 between two points from C to A (comprising two points C, A) and an outer contour line of the rotor 3 is gradually increased, and the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line 201 is formed by R 3 Increase to R 3 +0.04; the two sides of the cylinder 2 are respectively and concentrically provided with an upper end cover 4 and a lower end cover 5, and the upper end cover 4 is provided with an upper air suction port 401 and an upper exhaust portThe port 402, the lower end cover 5 is provided with a lower air suction port 501 and a lower air exhaust port 502; the projection positions of the upper air suction port 401 on the upper end cover 4 and the lower air suction port 501 on the lower end cover 5 in the end face direction are completely overlapped, and the projection positions of the upper air discharge port 402 of the upper end cover 4 and the lower air discharge port 502 of the lower end cover 5 in the end face direction are completely overlapped; the rotor 3 is provided with radial sliding grooves 301, the number of the sliding grooves 301 is 6-8, sliding sheets 1 capable of freely moving are embedded in each sliding groove 301, and when the rotor 3 rotates, the top ends of the sliding sheets 1 are tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the air cylinder 2 to keep sealing.
The positions of the upper air suction port 401, the upper air discharge port 402, the lower air suction port 501 and the lower air discharge port 502 of the single-cavity asymmetric slide vane vacuum pump are determined based on the following principle: the positions of the upper air suction port 401 and the lower air suction port 501 are positioned at the position just at the end of the air suction process of the sliding vane type vacuum pump, and the volume of the working cavity just reaches the maximum value; the instantaneous volume value of the working chamber separated from the upper and lower exhaust ports 402 and 502 during the exhaust is minimized according to the internal volume ratio of the sliding vane vacuum pump, thereby determining the positions of the upper and lower exhaust ports 402 and 502.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) The internal volume ratio of the sliding vane vacuum pump can be improved by adopting an asymmetric cylinder molded line.
(2) The sliding vane can be always attached to the inner wall surface of the cylinder in the exhaust process of the sliding vane type vacuum pump, particularly in the exhaust stage of the sliding vane type vacuum pump, the phenomenon of 'slipping off' of the sliding vane can not occur, the internal leakage of the sliding vane type vacuum pump can be improved, and the effect of exhaust sealing can be achieved.
(3) The asymmetric cylinder molded line is continuous and smooth, the first-order derivative and the second-order derivative are continuous, and a rigid impact point and a soft impact point are not present, so that the stress condition of the sliding vane is improved, and the friction loss between the sliding vane and the inner wall surface of the cylinder is reduced.
(4) When the rotor rotates to a range corresponding to two A, C points (including two A, C points), a gap of 0-0.04 mm can be kept between the cylinder molded line 201 on the cylinder 2 and the outer contour line of the rotor 3, and the sealing effect is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship of a single-chamber asymmetric slide vacuum pump.
Fig. 2 is a cylinder profile main view.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the rotor.
Fig. 4 is a front view of the upper end cap.
Fig. 5 is a front view of the lower end cap.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the inspiration process.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the end of the inspiration process.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a compression process.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas imminent onset.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an exhaust process.
In the figure: r is R 1 -cylinder profile top radius; r is R 3 -cylinder profile base radius; a central angle corresponding to two points alpha-A, C; the central angles corresponding to the gamma-B, C points; the central angles corresponding to the beta-A, B points; 1-a sliding sheet; 2-an air cylinder; 3-a rotor; 4-an upper end cover; 5-lower end cover.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, an assembly relationship diagram of a single-cavity asymmetric slide type vacuum pump is obtained by assembling parts of a slide sheet 1, a cylinder 2, a rotor 3, an upper end cover 4 and a lower end cover 5.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a cylinder profile main diagram, the cylinder profile 201 on the cylinder 2 is an asymmetric closed curve with continuous second derivative, that is, each point of the cylinder profile 201 is continuous and smooth, no abrupt point exists, and no center line passing through the rotation center point O of the cylinder profile is present, so that the cylinder profile 201 is symmetrical about the axis thereof; the cylinder profile 201 takes the rotation center point O as the origin of coordinates, and the polar coordinate equation of the cylinder profile 201 is as follows:
wherein: r is R 1 -cylinder profile top radius, mm; r is R 3 -cylinder profile base radius, mm; t-angle parameter, rad; n is a power exponent, and the value range of n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3.5;
there are three special points A, B, C on the cylinder profile 201: the first point a is at ρ (0) =r 3 A dot; the second point B is the farthest point from the rotation center point O on the cylinder molded line 201, and the polar diameter is the maximum value; as t increases from 0, the third point C is located at the cylinder line 201 with the polar diameter ρ=r 3 +0.04; in the cylinder molded line 201, a center angle AOC corresponding to two points A, C is alpha; C. the center angle COB corresponding to the two points B is gamma, the center angle BOA corresponding to the two points B, A is beta, and the three points A, B, C meet the geometric relationship: gamma ray>Beta; α+γ+β=360°; in the cylinder molded line 201, the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line 201 from the point A to the point B is rapidly increased, the maximum is reached at the point B, the curve form is steeply increased from the point A to the point B, the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line 201 from the point B to the point C is gradually reduced, and the curve is gradually gentle.
The central angle alpha corresponding to the two points A, C on the cylinder molded line 201 is gradually increased along with the increase of the power exponent n, the sealing line is longer and longer, the angle corresponding to the two points A, C and gamma+beta are gradually reduced, the central angle beta corresponding to the two points B, A is gradually reduced, but the gamma > beta is still satisfied, the reduction speed of the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line 201 from the point B to the point A is faster and faster, and the whole process from the start of air suction to the end of air discharge of the sliding vane vacuum pump is accelerated.
As shown in fig. 3, in a front view of the rotor, the rotor 3 is provided with radial sliding grooves 301, the number of the sliding grooves 301 is 6-8, each sliding groove 301 is embedded with a sliding sheet 1 capable of freely moving, and when the rotor 3 rotates, the top end of the sliding sheet 1 is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the cylinder 2 to keep sealing.
As shown in fig. 4, in a front view of the upper end cover, an upper air suction port 401 and an upper air exhaust port 402 are formed on the upper end cover 4, 3 through holes for fixing are arranged at intervals of 120 degrees, and a positioning boss is arranged at the edge of the upper end cover 4.
As shown in fig. 5, in a front view of the upper end cover, the lower end cover 5 is provided with a lower air suction port 501 and a lower air exhaust port 502, 3 through holes for fixing are arranged at intervals of 120 degrees, and a positioning boss is arranged at the edge of the lower end cover 5.
As shown in fig. 6, the suction process is performed by the sliding vane vacuum pump, and the working chamber volume is gradually increased.
As shown in fig. 7, the suction process is finished schematically, and the working chamber volume of the sliding vane vacuum pump reaches the maximum at the position, and the suction process of the sliding vane vacuum pump is just finished.
As shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic diagram of the compression process, as the rotor 3 rotates, the volume of the working chamber starts to gradually decrease, the volume in the working chamber gradually decreases, the gas starts to be compressed, and the pressure continuously increases.
As shown in fig. 9, which is a schematic diagram of the imminent exhaust, the rotor 3 rotates to the exhaust critical position, the working chamber volume is minimized, and the exhaust process is imminent.
As shown in fig. 10, which is a schematic diagram of the exhausting process, the rotor 3 continues to rotate, the working chamber communicates with the upper exhaust port 401 and the lower exhaust port 402, and the sliding vane vacuum pump is performing the exhausting process.
While the foregoing description of the embodiments of the present invention has been presented in conjunction with the drawings, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but rather, it is intended to cover all modifications or variations within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. A single chamber asymmetric slide vane vacuum pump comprising: gleitbretter (1), cylinder (2), rotor (3), upper end cover (4) and lower end cover (5), characterized by: the cylinder molded line (201) on the cylinder (2) is an asymmetric closed curve with continuous second derivative, namely, each point of the cylinder molded line (201) is continuous and smooth without abrupt points, and the cylinder molded line (201) is symmetrical about the axis by the center line of the rotation center point O; the cylinder profile (201) takes the rotation center point O as the origin of coordinates, and the polar coordinate equation of the cylinder profile (201) is as follows:
wherein: r is R 1 -cylinder profile top radius, mm; r is R 3 -cylinder profile base radius, mm; t-angle parameter, rad; n is a power exponent, and the value range of n is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 3.5;
there are A, B, C three special points on the cylinder line (201): the first point a is at ρ (0) =r 3 A dot; the second point B is the farthest point from the rotation center point O on the cylinder molded line (201), and the polar diameter is the maximum value; as t increases from 0, the third point C is located at the cylinder line (201) with a radius ρ=r 3 +0.04; in the cylinder molded line (201), a center angle AOC corresponding to two points A, C is alpha; C. the center angle COB corresponding to the two points B is gamma, the center angle BOA corresponding to the two points B, A is beta, and the three points A, B, C meet the geometric relationship: gamma ray>Beta; α+γ+β=360°; in the cylinder molded line (201), the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line (201) from the point A to the point B is rapidly increased, the maximum is reached at the point B, the curve form is steeply increased from the point A to the point B, the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line (201) from the point B to the point C is gradually reduced, and the curve is gradually gentle.
2. A single chamber asymmetric slide vane vacuum pump as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the cylinder (2) and the rotor (3) are concentrically arranged, the clearance between the cylinder molded line (201) from C to A and the outer contour line of the rotor (3) is gradually increased, and the polar diameter of the cylinder molded line (201) is formed by R 3 Increase to R 3 +0.04; an upper end cover (4) and a lower end cover (5) are respectively concentrically arranged at two sides of the air cylinder (2), an upper air suction port (401) and an upper air exhaust port (402) are formed in the upper end cover (4), and a lower air suction port (501) and a lower air exhaust port (502) are formed in the lower end cover (5); the projection positions of the upper air suction port (401) on the upper end cover (4) and the lower air suction port (501) on the lower end cover (5) in the end face direction are completely overlapped, and the projection positions of the upper air discharge port (402) of the upper end cover (4) and the lower air discharge port (502) of the lower end cover (5) in the end face direction are completely overlapped; the rotor (3) is provided with radial sliding grooves (301), the number of the sliding grooves (301) is 6-8, and each sliding groove (301) is embedded with a plurality of groovesAnd the sliding vane (1) can freely move, and when the rotor (3) rotates, the top end of the sliding vane (1) is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the air cylinder (2) to keep sealing.
3. A single chamber asymmetric slide vane vacuum pump as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the positions of the upper air suction port (401), the upper air discharge port (402), the lower air suction port (501) and the lower air discharge port (502) are determined based on the following principle: the upper air suction port (401) and the lower air suction port (501) are positioned at the position just after the air suction process of the sliding vane vacuum pump, and the volume of the working cavity just reaches the maximum value; the instantaneous volume value of the working chamber, which is separated from the upper exhaust port (402) and the lower exhaust port (502) during the exhaust process, is minimized according to the internal volume ratio of the sliding vane vacuum pump, so that the positions of the upper exhaust port (402) and the lower exhaust port (502) are determined.
CN201810516631.7A 2018-05-25 2018-05-25 Single-cavity asymmetric sliding vane vacuum pump Active CN108591057B (en)

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CN108591057B true CN108591057B (en) 2023-09-15

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1052536A (en) * 1990-12-13 1991-06-26 余侃 Dual-vane three-action fluid machinery
CN1221075A (en) * 1997-12-21 1999-06-30 徐浩冠 Coaxial multi-slip-sheet wave-ring rotor machine
CN2623912Y (en) * 2003-04-03 2004-07-07 西安交通大学 Spiralism type compressing apparatus for novel cylinder molded lines
CN101619660A (en) * 2009-08-03 2010-01-06 浙江大学 Special-shape cavity prime motor
CN105822549A (en) * 2016-04-01 2016-08-03 西安交通大学 Equipment for recovering excess pressure between streams in different phase states
CN208252344U (en) * 2018-05-25 2018-12-18 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of single-chamber asymmetry sliding-vane-type vacuum pump

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120156077A1 (en) * 2010-12-20 2012-06-21 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Cam liner profile

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1052536A (en) * 1990-12-13 1991-06-26 余侃 Dual-vane three-action fluid machinery
CN1221075A (en) * 1997-12-21 1999-06-30 徐浩冠 Coaxial multi-slip-sheet wave-ring rotor machine
CN2623912Y (en) * 2003-04-03 2004-07-07 西安交通大学 Spiralism type compressing apparatus for novel cylinder molded lines
CN101619660A (en) * 2009-08-03 2010-01-06 浙江大学 Special-shape cavity prime motor
CN105822549A (en) * 2016-04-01 2016-08-03 西安交通大学 Equipment for recovering excess pressure between streams in different phase states
CN208252344U (en) * 2018-05-25 2018-12-18 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of single-chamber asymmetry sliding-vane-type vacuum pump

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