CN108589257B - Method for improving fluorescent dyeing K/S value by laser processing of nylon knitted fabric - Google Patents
Method for improving fluorescent dyeing K/S value by laser processing of nylon knitted fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN108589257B CN108589257B CN201810235425.9A CN201810235425A CN108589257B CN 108589257 B CN108589257 B CN 108589257B CN 201810235425 A CN201810235425 A CN 201810235425A CN 108589257 B CN108589257 B CN 108589257B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
- D06M10/005—Laser beam treatment
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/39—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using acid dyes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P3/00—Special processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the material treated
- D06P3/02—Material containing basic nitrogen
- D06P3/04—Material containing basic nitrogen containing amide groups
- D06P3/24—Polyamides; Polyurethanes
- D06P3/241—Polyamides; Polyurethanes using acid dyes
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/16—Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
- D06M2101/30—Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M2101/34—Polyamides
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving a fluorescent dyeing K/S value of a polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment, and belongs to the field of fabrics in the textile industry. The method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps of: step a, pretreating gray fabric; step b, shaping the grey cloth; step c, laser pretreatment; d, performing acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing; and e, detecting the K/S value. The specific surface area of the nylon fabric is improved through laser pretreatment, so that the surface of the fiber is rough, the moisture absorption and permeability of the nylon are improved, and meanwhile, grooves are formed on the surface of the fiber through laser treatment, so that the rubbing fastness of the fabric can be improved; the color yield of the fluorescent dye is improved, the K/S value is improved, and the brightness is improved; and the dye consumption is reduced in the same color depth, and the cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of fabrics in the textile industry, and relates to a method for improving a fluorescent dyeing K/S value of a polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment.
Background
Fluorescence is a relatively common luminescence phenomenon in nature, that is, a phenomenon that a fluorescent compound emits light with a relatively long wavelength after being irradiated by ultraviolet light with a relatively short wavelength. When ultraviolet light of a short wavelength is irradiated to some substances, the substances emit visible light of various colors and different intensities in a very short time, and when the ultraviolet light is stopped, the light is also quickly extinguished, and the light is called fluorescence. Fluorescence can be classified into different types according to different excitation energies: the fluorescence emitted after excitation by the high-speed electron beam is called electron fluorescence; the fluorescence generated by X-ray excitation is called X-fluorescence; fluorescence resulting from chemical and electrochemical reactions is referred to as chemical or electrochemical fluorescence.
Fluorescent dyes are generally considered to be a class of dyes that absorb light in the infrared or visible range and emit light at a wavelength greater than the absorption wavelength (i.e., fluorescence). It is a special functional material, not only has the colouring property of conventional dye, but also can emit fluorescence, and can be used for dyeing textile, and can raise saturation and vividness of fabric, and can be made into obvious condition under the condition of sunlight or moon, and once the irradiation is stopped, the light-emitting phenomenon can be quickly finished. The organic fluorescent molecule contains a group that emits fluorescence, referred to as a fluorophore. Common phosphor molecules contain a fluorescent emitting group (e.g., -C ═ 0, -N ═ N-, -CH ═ N-, benzene ring ═ NH) and a chromophore (e.g., -NH, -NHR, -OR, -NHCOR) that changes the absorption wavelength and increases with fluorescence, and compounds with rigid, unsaturated, planar polyene OR aromatic ring structures tend to fluoresce and have higher fluorescence quantum efficiency, and any structure that is favorable for increasing the degree of N-electron conjugation will increase fluorescence quantum efficiency. Conjugated bonds are also fluorescent to some extent, such as (-CH ═ CH-) n (n >2), benzene, tea, paraphenylenediquinone, and benzoheterocycles, among others. Further, the larger the conjugated system is, the more easily n electrons are excited, and the more easily fluorescence (or phosphorescence) is generated, and in many cases, the fluorescence quantum yield is increased, and the stronger fluorescence is.
Fluorescent dyes are among the functional dyes. In recent decades, organic fluorescent dyes have been widely used in the fields of organic fluorescent pigments and paints, fluorescent dyes for plastics and artificial fibers, optical brighteners, organic scintillators, flaw detection in rockets, ships and large-scale equipment, organic fluorescent sources in chemical and electrochemical luminophores, fluorescent chemical analysis, fluorescent tracing in biology and medicine, and fluorescent sources in military and the like. Therefore, the fluorescent dye has wide development prospect.
At present, most of fluorescent dyes for fluorescent color textiles on the market are disperse fluorescent dyes, and are mainly applied to polyester fibers, and a small amount of fluorescent dyes are applied to nylon and acetate fibers. Therefore, the acid fluorescent dye is one of developed fluorescent dye varieties for textiles, and has very important significance for researching the dyeing performance of the polyamide fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving a fluorescent dyeing K/S value of a polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment aiming at the problems in the prior art, and the technical problem to be solved is how to improve the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a method for improving a fluorescent dyeing K/S value of a polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a, pretreating gray fabric;
step b, shaping the grey cloth;
step c, laser pretreatment;
d, performing acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing;
and e, detecting the K/S value.
In the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value by laser processing of the nylon knitted fabric, the grey fabric pretreatment in the step a comprises the steps of putting the grey fabric into water, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding the processing liquid, heating to 98-100 ℃ for boiling for 50-60min, washing with water at 90 ℃, 80 ℃, 60 ℃ and normal temperature in sequence after fabric discharging, washing with water at normal temperature, and discharging and dehydrating.
In the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment, the specification of the grey fabric in the step a is as follows: 100% of nylon; gram weight (G/m2)160 +/-5%; width (cm) 152 and 154; the thickness (mm) is 0.55-0.6 +/-0.02.
In the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric through laser treatment, the formula adopted in the pretreatment of the gray fabric in the step a comprises 10-12g/L of scouring agent, 10-12g/L of sodium carbonate, 8-10g/L of sodium hydrosulfite and 8-5 g/L of penetrating agent JFC3-5g/L, the bath ratio is 1: 20-1: 30.
in the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value by laser processing of the nylon knitted fabric, the grey cloth in the step b is shaped and dried by a shaping machine, the drying temperature is 190-.
In the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment, the laser pretreatment in the step c is to adopt a metal laser to carry out surface treatment on the polyamide fiber fabric, and the process conditions are as follows: laser wavelength: 160-252 nm; pulse frequency: 250 Hz; laser intensity: 5-6mJ/cm 2; laser output power: 70W or 100W or 150W; laser moving speed: 30-35 m/min; positioning accuracy: plus or minus 0.1 mm; a power supply: AC220V + -5%/50 HZ.
In the method for improving the fluorescence dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric through laser treatment, the process flow of acid fluorescence dyeing and color fixing in the step d comprises the steps of adding peregal O and glacial acetic acid, heating to 40-50 ℃ and treating for 15-20min, adding a dye solution, heating to boiling within 30-40min, dyeing for 30-40min, washing with water and fixing the color.
In the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment, the dyeing process formula in the step d is as follows: 1-3% owf of weakly acidic fluorescent dye; glacial acetic acid is 0.5-0.8 ml/L; the peregal O is 1-2 g/L; the bath ratio is 1:40-1: 50.
In the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value by laser processing of the nylon knitted fabric, the color fixing formula in the step d comprises 2-3g/L of formaldehyde-free color fixing agent; the bath ratio is 1:40-1:50, the color fixing temperature is 75-80 ℃; the fixation time is 20-25 min.
In the method for improving the fluorescence dyeing K/S value by laser processing of the nylon knitted fabric, the tentering setting is carried out by a setting machine before the K/S value detection is carried out in the step e, the temperature of the setting machine is 190-200 ℃, and the drying time is 1-2 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the specific surface area of the nylon fabric is improved through laser pretreatment, the surface of the fiber is roughened, the moisture absorption and permeability of the nylon are improved, and meanwhile, grooves are formed in the surface of the fiber through laser treatment, so that the rubbing fastness of the fabric can be improved;
2. the color yield of the fluorescent dye is improved, the K/S value is improved, and the brightness is improved;
3. and the dye consumption is reduced in the same color depth, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the K/S value of fabrics tested using a colorimeter and colorimeter in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreating gray fabric;
step b, shaping the grey cloth;
step c, laser pretreatment;
d, performing acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing;
and e, detecting the K/S value.
Further, the grey cloth pretreatment in the step a comprises the steps of putting the grey cloth into water, heating to 60 ℃, adding the treatment liquid, heating to 98 ℃ for boiling for 50min, washing the cloth out, washing the cloth with water at 90 ℃, 80 ℃, 60 ℃ and normal temperature, washing the cloth at normal temperature, and dewatering the cloth out.
Further, the specification of the grey cloth in the step a is as follows: 100% of nylon; gram weight (G/m2)160 +/-5%; width (cm) 152; thickness (mm)0.55 + -0.02.
Further, the formula adopted in the grey cloth pretreatment in the step a comprises 10g/L of scouring agent, 10g/L of sodium carbonate, 8g/L of sodium hydrosulfite and 8g/L of penetrating agent JFC3g/L, wherein the bath ratio is 1: 30.
further, the grey cloth in the step b is shaped and dried by a shaping machine, the drying temperature is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 1 minute.
Further, the laser pretreatment in the step c is to adopt a metal laser to carry out surface treatment on the nylon fiber fabric, and the process conditions are as follows: laser wavelength: 160 nm; pulse frequency: 250 Hz; laser intensity: 5mJ/cm 2; laser output power: 150W; laser moving speed: 30 m/min; positioning accuracy: plus or minus 0.1 mm; a power supply: AC220V + -5%/50 HZ.
Further, the process flow of the acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing in the step d comprises the steps of adding peregal O and glacial acetic acid, heating to 40 ℃ and treating for 20min, adding a dye solution, heating to boiling within 30min, dyeing for 40min, washing with water and fixing the color.
Further, the dyeing process formula in the step d is as follows: 1-3% owf of weakly acidic fluorescent dye; glacial acetic acid is 0.5-0.8 ml/L; the peregal O is 1-2 g/L; the bath ratio is 1:40-1: 50.
Further, the color fixing formula in the step d comprises 2g/L of aldehyde-free color fixing agent; the bath ratio is 1:50, the color fixing temperature is 75 ℃; the fixation time is 25 min.
And furthermore, carrying out tentering setting by a setting machine before carrying out K/S value detection in the step e, wherein the temperature of the setting machine is 200 ℃, and the drying time is 1 minute.
Example two:
the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreating gray fabric;
step b, shaping the grey cloth;
step c, laser pretreatment;
d, performing acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing;
and e, detecting the K/S value.
Further, the grey cloth pretreatment in the step a comprises the steps of putting the grey cloth into water, heating to 65 ℃, adding the treatment liquid, heating to 100 ℃ for boiling for 60min, washing the grey cloth with water at 90 ℃, 80 ℃, 60 ℃ and normal temperature in sequence after the grey cloth is taken out, and washing the grey cloth with water at normal temperature, and taking out and dehydrating the grey cloth.
Further, the specification of the grey cloth in the step a is as follows: 100% of nylon; gram weight (G/m2)160 +/-5%; width (cm) 154; thickness (mm)0.6 + -0.02.
Further, the formula adopted in the grey cloth pretreatment in the step a comprises 12g/L of scouring agent, 12g/L of sodium carbonate, 10g/L of sodium hydrosulfite and 5g/L of penetrating agent JFC5g, the bath ratio is 1: 20.
further, the grey cloth in the step b is shaped and dried by a shaping machine, the drying temperature is 190 ℃, and the drying time is 2 minutes.
Further, the laser pretreatment in the step c is to adopt a metal laser to carry out surface treatment on the nylon fiber fabric, and the process conditions are as follows: laser wavelength: 252 nm; pulse frequency: 250 Hz; laser intensity: 6mJ/cm 2; laser output power: 70W; laser moving speed: 35 m/min; positioning accuracy: plus or minus 0.1 mm; a power supply: AC220V + -5%/50 HZ.
Further, the process flow of the acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing in the step d comprises the steps of adding peregal O and glacial acetic acid, heating to 50 ℃ and processing for 15min, adding a dye solution, heating to boiling within 40min, dyeing for 30min, washing with water and fixing the color.
Further, the dyeing process formula in the step d is as follows: 1-3% owf of weakly acidic fluorescent dye; glacial acetic acid is 0.5-0.8 ml/L; the peregal O is 1-2 g/L; the bath ratio is 1:40-1: 50.
Further, the color fixing formula in the step d comprises 3g/L of formaldehyde-free color fixing agent; the bath ratio is 1:40, and the color fixing temperature is 80 ℃; the fixation time is 20 min.
And furthermore, carrying out tentering setting by a setting machine before carrying out K/S value detection in the step e, wherein the temperature of the setting machine is 190 ℃, and the drying time is 2 minutes.
Example three:
the method for improving the fluorescent dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment comprises the following steps:
step a, pretreating gray fabric;
step b, shaping the grey cloth;
step c, laser pretreatment;
d, performing acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing;
and e, detecting the K/S value.
Further, the grey cloth pretreatment in the step a comprises the steps of putting the grey cloth into water, heating to 63 ℃, adding the treatment liquid, heating to 99 ℃ for boiling, boiling for 55min, washing with water at 90 ℃, 80 ℃, 60 ℃ and normal temperature after cloth discharging, washing with normal temperature water, and discharging and dehydrating.
Further, the specification of the grey cloth in the step a is as follows: 100% of nylon; gram weight (G/m2)160 +/-5%; width (cm) 153; thickness (mm)0.58 + -0.02.
Further, the formula adopted in the grey cloth pretreatment in the step a comprises 11g/L of scouring agent, 11g/L of sodium carbonate, 9g/L of sodium hydrosulfite and JFC4g/L of penetrating agent, and the bath ratio is 1: 25.
further, the grey cloth in the step b is shaped and dried by a shaping machine, the drying temperature is 190-200 ℃, and the drying time is 90 s.
Further, the laser pretreatment in the step c is to adopt a metal laser to carry out surface treatment on the nylon fiber fabric, and the process conditions are as follows: laser wavelength: 200 nm; pulse frequency: 250 Hz; laser intensity: 5.5mJ/cm 2; laser output power: 100W; laser moving speed: 32 m/min; positioning accuracy: plus or minus 0.1 mm; a power supply: AC220V + -5%/50 HZ.
Further, the process flow of the acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing in the step d comprises the steps of adding peregal O and glacial acetic acid, heating to 45 ℃ and treating for 18min, adding a dye solution, heating to boiling within 35min, dyeing for 35min, washing with water and fixing the color.
Further, the dyeing process formula in the step d is as follows: weakly acidic fluorescent dye 2% owf; glacial acetic acid is 0.7 ml/L; the peregal O is 1.5 g/L; the bath ratio was 1: 45.
Further, the color fixing formula in the step d comprises 2.5g/L of formaldehyde-free color fixing agent; the bath ratio is 1:45, and the color fixing temperature is 78 ℃; the fixation time is 23 min.
And furthermore, carrying out tentering setting by a setting machine before carrying out K/S value detection in the step e, wherein the temperature of the setting machine is 195 ℃, and the drying time is 90S.
One of the important indexes for evaluating the dyeing performance of the dye is the dyeing depth, and a certain functional relationship is established between the absorption coefficient K and the scattering coefficient S of a measured object and the concentration C of the colored substances in the solid sample by a dyeing depth equation. The larger the K/S value obtained by calculation, the darker the surface color of the solid sample, i.e. the higher the concentration of the colored substance, and the better the dyeing performance of the dye. The K/S values for the fabrics tested using the colorimeter are shown below (black lines are after laser treatment and gray lines are before laser treatment).
According to the graph showing that the value of K/S after laser treatment is larger than that before laser treatment, the change of K/S value is reduced when the value rises to 6%, and the value starts to decrease when the value rises to 7%, and in conclusion, the 6% (owf) is the highest concentration of the fluorescent yellow dye, the advantages of the invention can be obtained as follows:
1. the specific surface area of the nylon fabric is improved through laser pretreatment, the surface of the fiber is roughened, the moisture absorption and permeability of the nylon are improved, and meanwhile, grooves are formed in the surface of the fiber through laser treatment, so that the rubbing fastness of the fabric can be improved;
2. the color yield of the fluorescent dye is improved, the K/S value is improved, and the brightness is improved;
3. and the dye consumption is reduced in the same color depth, and the cost is reduced.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for improving a fluorescent dyeing K/S value of a polyamide knitted fabric by laser treatment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step a, pretreating gray fabric;
step b, shaping the grey cloth;
step c, laser pretreatment;
d, performing acid fluorescent dyeing and color fixing;
step e, detecting a K/S value;
the formula adopted for pretreating the gray fabric in the step a comprises 10-12g/L of scouring agent, 10-12g/L of sodium carbonate, 8-10g/L of sodium hydrosulfite and 8-5 g/L of penetrating agent JFC3-5g/L, wherein the bath ratio is 1: 20-1: 30, of a nitrogen-containing gas; the laser pretreatment in the step c is to adopt a metal laser to carry out surface treatment on the nylon fiber fabric, the process flow of acid fluorescence dyeing and color fixing in the step d comprises the steps of adding peregal O and glacial acetic acid, heating to 40-50 ℃ and treating for 15-20min, adding a dye solution, heating to boiling within 30-40min, dyeing for 30-40min, washing and fixing, and the dyeing process formula in the step d comprises the following steps: 1-3% owf of weakly acidic fluorescent dye; glacial acetic acid is 0.5-0.8 ml/L; the peregal O is 1-2 g/L; the bath ratio is 1:40-1: 50.
2. The method for improving the fluorescence dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric through the laser treatment according to claim 1, wherein the grey fabric pretreatment in the step a comprises the steps of putting the grey fabric into water, heating to 60-65 ℃, adding the treatment liquid, heating to 98-100 ℃, boiling for 50-60min, discharging, washing with water at 90 ℃, 80 ℃, 60 ℃ and normal temperature in sequence, and discharging and dehydrating.
3. The method for improving the fluorescence dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric through the laser treatment according to claim 2, wherein the specification of the grey fabric in the step a is as follows: 100% of nylon; gram weight (G/m2)160 +/-5%; width (cm) 152 and 154; the thickness (mm) is 0.55-0.6 +/-0.02.
4. The method for improving the fluorescence dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric through the laser treatment according to claim 1, wherein the grey fabric setting in the step b is dried by a setting machine, the drying temperature is 190-.
5. The method for improving the fluorescence dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric through the laser treatment according to claim 1, wherein the process conditions in the step c are as follows: laser wavelength: 160-252 nm; pulse frequency: 250 Hz; laser intensity: 5-6mJ/cm 2; laser output power: 70W or 100W or 150W; laser moving speed: 30-35 m/min; positioning accuracy: plus or minus 0.1 mm; a power supply: AC220V + -5%/50 HZ.
6. The method for improving the fluorescence dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric through the laser treatment according to claim 1, wherein the color fixing formula in the step d comprises 2-3g/L of formaldehyde-free color fixing agent; the bath ratio is 1:40-1:50, the color fixing temperature is 75-80 ℃; the fixation time is 20-25 min.
7. The method for improving the fluorescence dyeing K/S value of the polyamide knitted fabric through the laser treatment according to claim 1, wherein the tentering setting is performed by a setting machine before the K/S value detection is performed in the step e, the temperature of the setting machine is 190-200 ℃, and the drying time is 1-2 minutes.
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