CN108588710B - Preparation method of nickel-based alloy coating for cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding and composite auxiliary agent - Google Patents

Preparation method of nickel-based alloy coating for cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding and composite auxiliary agent Download PDF

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CN108588710B
CN108588710B CN201810817660.7A CN201810817660A CN108588710B CN 108588710 B CN108588710 B CN 108588710B CN 201810817660 A CN201810817660 A CN 201810817660A CN 108588710 B CN108588710 B CN 108588710B
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nickel
component
coating
based alloy
alloy coating
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CN108588710A (en
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李秉忠
刘栋
刘哲
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Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection
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Wuhan Research Institute of Materials Protection
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides

Abstract

The invention discloses a nickel-based alloy coating for cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding and a preparation method of a composite additive, wherein borax, boric acid and sodium fluoride form a first component raw material, the first component raw material is uniformly ground and dried to be used as a first component, a second component raw material consisting of an ethyl silicate solution, absolute ethyl alcohol and a dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution is hydrolyzed at constant temperature and naturally cooled and stood to be used as a second component, and the preparation of the composite additive is finished; and sequentially adding the first component and the second component of the composite auxiliary agent into the nickel-based alloy powder to be used, uniformly stirring and mixing the mixture to form a paste mixture, and then carrying out cold coating and cladding on the paste mixture to prepare the nickel-based alloy coating for reinforcement. The composite additive prepared by the invention can reduce the phenomena of sagging and nodulation in the cladding process of the nickel-based alloy cold coating layer, and the prepared nickel-based alloy coating has higher hardness, good metallurgical bonding is formed between the coating and a substrate, and the coating has the defects of compact internal structure, no air holes, slag inclusion and the like.

Description

Preparation method of nickel-based alloy coating for cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding and composite auxiliary agent
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of surface engineering, relates to a preparation method of a reinforcing coating, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a nickel-based alloy coating and a composite auxiliary agent for cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding.
Background
The working conditions of the laminar flow roller for conveying strip steel in a steel mill and the sucker rod in an oil pumping well are very severe, and the working surface is easy to crack and peel off due to long-term wear and corrosion, so that the laminar flow cooling roller and the sucker rod are finally scrapped due to the size over-tolerance. The laminar flow cooling roller and the sucker rod are high in manufacturing cost, complex in production process and frequent in replacement, so that huge waste of materials is caused, and the production benefits of related enterprises are directly influenced, so that the surface reinforcing process of the laminar flow cooling roller and the sucker rod is always a hot point concerned by the metallurgical equipment manufacturing industry and the petrochemical industry. At present, the nickel-based alloy coating is deposited on the surfaces of a sucker rod and a laminar flow roller by adopting an induction cladding technology to prolong the service life of the nickel-based alloy coating, and the method for preparing the nickel-based alloy coating by utilizing the electric spark and high-frequency induction cladding technology is provided by patent CN 107829088A (XumengMeng, Wangxiang, Jiangwu, Huangshirong, Guohun, Xiaohuaxing and Mengfei, a method for preparing a composite reinforced coating by utilizing the electric spark and induction cladding technology). Patent CN 1891860a (song dynasty, sony, a part surface cladding process) provides a method for preparing a nickel-based alloy coating by using a cold coating induction cladding technology, which uses water glass and honey as binders in the cold coating process, and in the induction cladding process, the water glass which is difficult to decompose and volatilize and the honey with a large gas evolution easily form defects such as pores and slag inclusion in the coating.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nickel-based alloy coating for cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding and a preparation method of a composite auxiliary agent, aiming at the characteristics that a binder used for reinforcement in the existing high-frequency induction cladding technology is easy to form slag inclusion, air holes and the like, has poor reinforcement quality, complex reinforcement process and high construction requirement.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a preparation method of a nickel-based alloy coating for cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding is characterized in that the preparation method of the composite auxiliary comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a composite auxiliary agent: borax, boric acid and sodium fluoride form a first component raw material, and ethyl silicate solution, absolute ethyl alcohol and dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution form a second component raw material;
step two, preparing the raw materials of the composite auxiliary agent: grinding the first component raw material uniformly, drying and storing to form a first component; hydrolyzing the second component raw material at constant temperature to obtain ethyl silicate hydrolysate, naturally cooling to room temperature after hydrolysis, standing, and sealing for storage to form a second component;
step three, adding a composite additive: when in use, the first component and the second component are sequentially put into the nickel-based alloy powder to be used, stirred and mixed evenly to form a paste mixture, and then the paste mixture is subjected to cold coating and cladding operation to prepare the nickel-based alloy coating for reinforcement.
Preferably, in the first step, the purity of the sodium tetraborate, the boric acid and the sodium fluoride is more than 99%.
Preferably, in the first step, the mass ratio of the sodium tetraborate to the boric acid to the sodium fluoride is as follows: 4-6: 2-4: 1 to 3.
Preferably, in the first step, the ethyl silicate solution is Si-40, and the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid solution is 0.4-2.0%.
Preferably, in the second step, the first component raw material is uniformly ball-milled in a planetary ball mill, the ball-milling parameters are that the rotating speed of the ball mill is 250-300 r/min, and the ball-milling time is 10-20 min.
Preferably, in the second step, the hydrolysis temperature for constant-temperature hydrolysis of the second component raw material is 50-60 ℃, the hydrolysis time is 1.5-2.5 hours, and the formed density after hydrolysis is 0.9-1.1 g/cm3The ethyl silicate hydrolysate.
Preferably, in the second step, after the hydrolysis is finished, the mixture is naturally cooled to room temperature, and is kept for 18 to 30 hours in a sealing way.
Preferably, in the second step, when the second component raw material is hydrolyzed at constant temperature, the mass ratio ranges of the ethyl silicate solution, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution are as follows in sequence: 8-12: 7-9: 1 to 1.6.
Preferably, in the third step, the particle size of the nickel-based alloy powder is preferably 25-45 um, and when the nickel-based alloy powder is prepared into a paste mixture, the mass of the first component accounts for 4-6% of the total mass of the alloy powder, and the mass of the second component accounts for 9-13% of the total mass of the alloy powder.
The preparation method of the composite additive is characterized in that the composite additive consists of a first component and a second component, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a composite auxiliary agent: borax, boric acid and sodium fluoride form a first component raw material, and ethyl silicate solution, absolute ethyl alcohol and dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution form a second component raw material;
step two, preparing the raw materials of the composite auxiliary agent: grinding the first component raw material uniformly, drying and storing to form a first component; and (3) carrying out constant-temperature hydrolysis on the raw materials of the second component to obtain an ethyl silicate hydrolysate, naturally cooling to room temperature after the hydrolysis is finished, standing, and sealing for storage to form the second component, thus finishing the preparation of the composite auxiliary agent.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the composite additive prepared by the invention can reduce the phenomena of sagging and nodulation in the cladding process of the nickel-based alloy cold coating layer, and boric acid, borax and sodium fluoride in the composite additive can promote the cladding layer to complete deoxidation and slagging, thereby eliminating the defects of air holes, slag inclusion and the like in the coating layer. The prepared nickel-based alloy coating has higher hardness (580-730 HV)0.1) The coating and the matrix form good metallurgical bonding, and the coating has compact internal structure and no defects of air holes, slag inclusion and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM picture of a cross-sectional microstructure of a nickel-based alloy coating prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a microhardness distribution plot of a cross-section of a nickel-base alloy coating prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an SEM picture of a cross-sectional microstructure of a nickel-based alloy coating prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microhardness distribution plot of a cross-section of a nickel-base alloy coating prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is an SEM picture of a cross-sectional microstructure of a nickel-based alloy coating prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a microhardness distribution plot of a cross-section of a nickel-base alloy coating prepared in example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is an SEM picture of a cross-sectional microstructure of a nickel-base alloy coating prepared in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a microhardness distribution plot of a cross-section of a nickel-base alloy coating prepared in example 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the present invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to further illustrate features and advantages of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the claims which follow.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a preparation method of a composite auxiliary agent for preparing a nickel-based alloy coating by using a cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding technology, which comprises the following steps:
example 1:
preparing a composite auxiliary agent: sodium tetraborate (purity 99%), boric acid (purity 99%) and sodium fluoride (purity 99%) form a first component raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the borax, the boric acid and the sodium fluoride is as follows in sequence: 5: 3: 2, forming a second component raw material by using an ethyl silicate solution (Si-40), absolute ethyl alcohol and a dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.8%, wherein the mass ratio of the ethyl silicate solution (Si-40), the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 0.8% is as follows in sequence: 10: 8: 1.3;
② the composite assistant is prepared by grinding the first component in a planetary ball mill at 250r/min for 10min, drying, hydrolyzing at constant temperature (hydrolysis temperature 50 deg.C for 2 hr) to obtain a mixture with density of 0.92g/cm3Naturally cooling the ethyl silicate hydrolysate to room temperature, standing for 24h, and sealing for storage to form a second component;
adding a composite additive: when the nickel-base alloy powder is used, the first component and the second component are sequentially put into the same nickel-base alloy powder to be used, the mixture is uniformly stirred and prepared into a paste, the proportion of the added mass of the first component to the total mass of the alloy powder is 4%, the proportion of the added mass of the second component to the total mass of the alloy powder is 9%, and the particle size of the nickel-base alloy powder is preferably 25-45 um. And then subsequent cold coating and induction cladding operations (which are technical procedures well known to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is not particularly limited and required).
FIG. 1 is a SEM image of a cross section of a nickel-based alloy coating obtained by using the composite assistant obtained in the embodiment 1 and performing cold coating and induction cladding, and it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the nickel-based alloy coating prepared by using the composite assistant prepared by the invention forms good metallurgical bonding with a substrate, and the coating has a compact internal structure and is free from defects such as air holes and slag inclusion.
FIG. 2 is a microhardness distribution curve of a section of a nickel-based alloy coating obtained by using the composite assistant obtained in the embodiment 1 and performing cold coating and induction cladding, and as can be seen from FIG. 2, the microhardness range of the nickel-based alloy coating prepared by using the composite assistant prepared by the invention is 580-720 HV0.1The hardness of the material is 3-4 times of that of the base body.
Example 2
Preparing a composite auxiliary agent: sodium tetraborate (purity 99%), boric acid (purity 99%) and sodium fluoride (purity 99%) form a first component raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the boric acid, the borax and the sodium fluoride is as follows in sequence: 2: 2: 1, forming a second component raw material by using an ethyl silicate solution (Si-40), absolute ethyl alcohol and a dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.0%, wherein the mass ratio of the ethyl silicate solution (Si-40), the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.0% is as follows in sequence: 9: 7: 1.2;
② the composite assistant is prepared by ball-milling the first component in a planetary ball mill at 250r/min for 10min, drying, hydrolyzing the second component at constant temperature (hydrolysis temperature 50 deg.C for 2 hr) to obtain a product with density of 0.95g/cm3Naturally cooling the ethyl silicate hydrolysate to room temperature, standing for 24h, and sealing for storage;
adding a composite additive: when the nickel-base alloy powder is used, the first component and the second component are sequentially put into the same nickel-base alloy powder to be used, the mixture is uniformly stirred and prepared into a paste, the proportion of the added mass of the first component to the total mass of the alloy powder is 5%, the proportion of the added mass of the second component to the total mass of the alloy powder is 10%, and the particle size of the nickel-base alloy powder is preferably 25-45 μm. And then performing subsequent cold coating and induction cladding operations (the subsequent cold coating and induction cladding processes are technical operations well known to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is not particularly limited and required).
FIG. 3 is a SEM image of the cross section of the nickel-based alloy coating obtained by using the composite assistant obtained in the embodiment 2 and after cold coating and induction cladding, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the nickel-based alloy coating prepared by using the composite assistant prepared by the present invention forms good metallurgical bonding with the substrate, the interface is clear, the internal structure of the coating is compact, and the coating has no defects such as air holes and slag inclusion.
FIG. 4 is a microhardness distribution curve of a section of a nickel-based alloy coating obtained by using the composite assistant obtained in the embodiment 2 and performing cold coating and induction cladding, and as can be seen from FIG. 4, the microhardness range of the nickel-based alloy coating prepared by using the composite assistant prepared by the invention is 580-710 HV0.1The hardness of the material is 3-4 times of that of the base body.
Example 3
Preparing a composite auxiliary agent: sodium tetraborate (purity 99%), boric acid (purity 99%) and sodium fluoride (purity 99%) form a first component raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the boric acid, the borax and the sodium fluoride is as follows in sequence: 2: 2: 1, forming a second component raw material by using an ethyl silicate solution (Si-40), absolute ethyl alcohol and a dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.2%, wherein the ethyl silicate solution (Si-40), the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.2% are sequentially prepared in the following mass ratio: 11: 9: 1.4;
preparing a composite auxiliary agent: putting the first component raw material into a planetary ball mill, uniformly ball-milling (the rotating speed of the ball mill is 250r/min, the ball-milling time is 15min), drying and storing; hydrolyzing the second component raw material at constant temperature (hydrolysis temperature of 55 ℃ for 2h) to form ethyl silicate hydrolysate with the density of 0.97g/cm3, naturally cooling to room temperature, standing for 24h, and sealing for storage;
adding a composite additive: when the nickel-base alloy powder is used, the first component and the second component are sequentially put into the same nickel-base alloy powder to be used, the mixture is uniformly stirred and prepared into a paste, the proportion of the added mass of the first component to the total mass of the alloy powder is 5%, the proportion of the added mass of the second component to the total mass of the alloy powder is 10%, and the particle size of the nickel-base alloy powder is preferably 25-45 μm. And then performing subsequent cold coating and induction cladding operations (the subsequent cold coating and induction cladding processes are technical operations well known to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is not particularly limited and required).
FIG. 5 is a SEM image of the cross section of a nickel-based alloy coating obtained by using the composite assistant obtained in the embodiment 3 and performing cold coating and induction cladding, and it can be seen from FIG. 5 that the nickel-based alloy coating prepared by using the composite assistant prepared by the invention forms good metallurgical bonding with a substrate, and the coating has compact internal structure and is free from defects such as air holes and slag inclusion.
FIG. 6 is a microhardness distribution curve of a cross section of a nickel-based alloy coating obtained by using the composite assistant obtained in the embodiment 3 and performing cold coating and induction cladding, and it can be seen from FIG. 6 that the microhardness range of the nickel-based alloy coating prepared by using the composite assistant prepared by the invention is 590-700 HV0.1The hardness of the material is 3-4 times of that of the base body.
Example 4
Preparing a composite auxiliary agent: sodium tetraborate (purity 99%), boric acid (purity 99%) and sodium fluoride (purity 99%) form a first component raw material, wherein the mass ratio of the boric acid, the borax and the sodium fluoride is as follows in sequence: 6: 3: 1, forming a second component raw material by using an ethyl silicate solution (Si-40), absolute ethyl alcohol and a dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.4%, wherein the ethyl silicate solution (Si-40), the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1.4% are sequentially prepared in the following mass ratio: 12: 9: 1.6;
preparing a composite auxiliary agent: putting the first component raw material into a planetary ball mill, uniformly ball-milling (the rotating speed of the ball mill is 300r/min, the ball-milling time is 10min), drying and storing; hydrolyzing the second component raw material at constant temperature (hydrolysis temperature of 60 ℃ for 2h) to form ethyl silicate hydrolysate with the density of 1.05g/cm3, naturally cooling to room temperature, standing for 24h, and sealing for storage;
adding a composite additive: when the nickel-base alloy powder is used, the first component and the second component are sequentially put into the same nickel-base alloy powder to be used, the mixture is uniformly stirred and prepared into a paste, the proportion of the added mass of the first component to the total mass of the alloy powder is 6%, the proportion of the added mass of the second component to the total mass of the alloy powder is 12%, and the particle size of the nickel-base alloy powder is preferably 25-45 um. And then performing subsequent cold coating and induction cladding operations (the subsequent cold coating and induction cladding processes are technical operations well known to those skilled in the art, and the present invention is not particularly limited and required).
FIG. 7 is a SEM image of the cross section of a nickel-based alloy coating obtained by using the composite assistant obtained in example 4 and subjected to cold coating and induction cladding, and it can be seen from FIG. 7 that the nickel-based alloy coating prepared by using the composite assistant prepared by the present invention forms good metallurgical bonding with a substrate, the interface is clear, the internal structure of the coating is dense, and the coating has no defects such as air holes and slag inclusion.
Fig. 8 is a microhardness distribution curve of a section of the nickel-based alloy coating obtained by using the composite assistant obtained in the embodiment 4 and performing cold coating and induction cladding, and as can be seen from fig. 8, the microhardness range of the nickel-based alloy coating prepared by using the composite assistant prepared by the invention is 680-730 HV0.1, which is 3-4 times of the hardness of the matrix.

Claims (9)

1. A preparation method of a nickel-based alloy coating for cold coating medium-frequency induction cladding is characterized in that the preparation method of the composite auxiliary comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a composite auxiliary agent: borax, boric acid and sodium fluoride form a first component raw material, and ethyl silicate solution, absolute ethyl alcohol and dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution form a second component raw material;
step two, preparing the raw materials of the composite auxiliary agent: grinding the first component raw material uniformly, drying and storing to form a first component; hydrolyzing the second component raw material at constant temperature to obtain ethyl silicate hydrolysate, naturally cooling to room temperature after hydrolysis, standing, and sealing for storage to form a second component;
step three, adding a composite additive: when in use, the first component and the second component are sequentially put into the nickel-based alloy powder to be used, stirred and mixed evenly to form a paste mixture, and then the paste mixture is subjected to cold coating and cladding operation to prepare the nickel-based alloy coating for reinforcement.
2. A method of preparing a nickel-base alloy coating as recited in claim 1, characterized by: in the first step, the purity of the sodium tetraborate, the boric acid and the sodium fluoride is more than 99%.
3. A method of preparing a nickel-base alloy coating as recited in claim 1, characterized by: in the first step, the mass ratio of the sodium tetraborate to the boric acid to the sodium fluoride is as follows in sequence: 4-6: 2-4: 1 to 3.
4. A method of preparing a nickel-base alloy coating as recited in claim 1, characterized by: in the first step, the ethyl silicate solution is Si-40, and the mass concentration of the dilute hydrochloric acid solution is 0.4-2.0%.
5. A method of preparing a nickel-base alloy coating as recited in claim 1, characterized by: in the second step, the first component raw materials are uniformly ball-milled in a planetary ball mill, the ball-milling parameters are that the rotating speed of the ball mill is 250-300 r/min, and the ball-milling time is 10-20 min.
6. A method of preparing a nickel-base alloy coating as recited in claim 1, characterized by: in the second step, the hydrolysis temperature of the second component raw material subjected to constant-temperature hydrolysis is 50-60 ℃, the hydrolysis time is 1.5-2.5 hours, and the formed density after hydrolysis is 0.9-1.1 g/cm3The ethyl silicate hydrolysate.
7. A method of preparing a nickel-base alloy coating as recited in claim 1, characterized by: and in the second step, after the hydrolysis is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, standing for 18-30h, and sealing for storage.
8. A method of preparing a nickel-base alloy coating as recited in claim 1, characterized by: in the second step, when the second component raw material is hydrolyzed at constant temperature, the mass ratio ranges of the ethyl silicate solution, the absolute ethyl alcohol and the dilute hydrochloric acid aqueous solution are as follows in sequence: 8-12: 7-9: 1 to 1.6.
9. A method of preparing a nickel-base alloy coating as recited in claim 1, characterized by: in the third step, the particle size of the nickel-based alloy powder is 25-45 mu m, and when the paste mixture is prepared, the mass of the first component accounts for 4-6% of the total mass of the alloy powder, and the mass of the second component accounts for 9-13% of the total mass of the alloy powder.
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