CN108588346A - On-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system and laser-quenching technique - Google Patents
On-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system and laser-quenching technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108588346A CN108588346A CN201810785035.9A CN201810785035A CN108588346A CN 108588346 A CN108588346 A CN 108588346A CN 201810785035 A CN201810785035 A CN 201810785035A CN 108588346 A CN108588346 A CN 108588346A
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/30—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for crankshafts; for camshafts
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system and laser-quenching technique, especially a kind of on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system and laser-quenching technique being related to camshaft part processing and manufacturing field.The on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system of the present invention, including laser system, cooling system, workbench and workpiece grip mechanism, the laser system include laser head, straight line driving mechanism and Laser Power Devices.The laser-quenching technique of the present invention, including following steps:A, cam parts are mounted on workpiece grip mechanism and are held out against;B, start laser system;C, make the equal diameter area of cam parts, early period, accelerating region, accelerated meadow, later stage accelerating region to sequentially enter laser-irradiated domain.The present invention can be complex-shaped to high low speed cam bit etc. and the part progress quenching treatment for on-circular cross-section, ensures that parts quenching layer depth and hardness are uniform.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing systems and laser-quenching technique, especially one kind to relate to
And the on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system and laser-quenching technique in camshaft part processing and manufacturing field.
Background technology
Camshaft is one of vital part of engine air distribution system, is provided with cam bit on camshaft, passes through cam bit
In rotation process control valve open and-shut mode come control engine match gaseity.Due to stress in the cam bit course of work
Situation is complicated, it is therefore desirable to which specific preferable mechanical property, especially case hardness must reach requirement.In the prior art
Used is the method for electromagnetic induction quenching, and quenching treatment is carried out to improve its hardness to the cam bit of camshaft.Electromagnetism sense
Should quench quickly is heated using workpiece surface when the electromagnetic principles such as electromagnetic induction, kelvin effect, vortex and resistance heat, and quickly
Cooling heat treatment method.Although the hardness of impewdance matching is higher than normal quenching, and have lower brittleness, fatigue strength and
Impact flexibility is also higher, but for the cam bit especially more complicated part of high this shape of low speed camshaft, adopts
Existing with impewdance matching causes the magnetic line of force that can not pass through due to blocking for part adjacent regions, make cam can not thermally equivalent, lead
Cause hardened depth uneven, and the situation that two sides hardness deviation is larger.And since the section of cam bit is on-circular cross-section, no
Diameter with angle position is varied from, although therefore can handle the zero of regular circular section using the process for quenching of the prior art
Part quenches, but for the part of on-circular cross-section, is usually present depth of hardening and quenching hardness is uneven, workpiece table after quenching
The easily cracked situation in face.
Invention content
It can be complex-shaped to high low speed cam bit etc. technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide one kind and to be non-
The part of circular section carries out quenching treatment, ensures that parts quenching layer depth and hardness are uniform, meets part requirement, and zero
The not bery cracked on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system in part surface.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:On-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system,
Including laser system, cooling system, workbench and workpiece grip mechanism, the laser system includes laser head, straight line driving
Structure and Laser Power Devices, the laser head and Laser Power Devices electrical connection, the straight line driving mechanism is sequentially connected with laser head, described
Workpiece grip mechanism is arranged on the table, and the workpiece grip mechanism includes holding out against cylinder and rotation clamp, the revotating card
It is provided with inlet opening in head, apopore is provided in the push rod for holding out against cylinder, the cooling system includes water tank, water inlet pipe
And outlet pipe, described water inlet pipe one end are connected to water tank, the other end is connected to inlet opening, and described outlet pipe one end connects with water tank
Logical, the other end is connected to outlet pipe.
Further, the straight line driving mechanism includes driving motor, lead screw and nut, the nut connects with laser head
It connects, the driving motor output shaft is connect with screw rod transmission, the lead screw and nut cooperation.
Further, the tail portion of the apopore is provided with multiple collection holes, collects and collecting tank is set below hole, collects
The bottom of slot is connected to outlet pipe.
Further, the cylinder push-rod for holding out against cylinder and it is top between connected by bearing.
Further, the top end is provided with sealing ring.
Further, further including controller, photoelectric sensor, the photoelectric sensor are provided on the clamping device
Signal output end and the signal input part of controller connect, the signal output end of the controller and the driving of rotation clamp fill
It sets and is connected with the driving mechanism of linear drive apparatus.
Further, further including mechanical arm, the control signal input of the mechanical arm and the signal of controller export
End connection.
Further, being respectively arranged with feeding channel and blanking channel in the both sides of mechanical arm.
Another technical problem solved by the invention be to provide one kind can it is complex-shaped to high low speed cam bit etc. and
Quenching treatment is carried out for the part of on-circular cross-section, ensures that parts quenching layer depth and hardness are uniform, meets part requirement, and
And the laser-quenching technique that piece surface is not bery cracked.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:Laser-quenching technique, including following steps:
A, cam parts are mounted on workpiece grip mechanism and are held out against;
B, start laser system, so that laser head is generated laser and heating quenching is carried out to cam parts, while controlling revotating card
Headband moving cam part turns in the same direction, and makes the equal diameter area of cam parts, early period, accelerating region, accelerated meadow, later stage
Accelerating region sequentially enters laser-irradiated domain;
C, when the equal diameter area of cam parts enters laser-irradiated domain, the height of laser head remains unchanged, and works as cam
For parts turn to when accelerating region enters laser-irradiated domain early period, laser head is gradually remote as the rotation of cam parts moves up
From cam parts, while workpiece grip mechanism drives cam parts to be moved horizontally to far from later stage accelerating region side, convex when entering
When the acceleration meadow of wheel part enters laser-irradiated domain, the height of laser head remains unchanged, after cam parts turn to
When phase accelerating region enters laser-irradiated domain, laser head moves closer to cam parts as the rotation of cam parts moves down,
Workpiece grip mechanism drives cam parts to be moved horizontally to far from accelerating region early period side simultaneously.
Further, the cooling water of flowing is passed through into the hole of cam parts while laser quenching.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:The application carries out heating quenching using the laser that laser head generates to part, compares
The position of the quenching mode laser heating of the prior art is more accurate, while laser quenching can be because unlike quenching electromagnetic induction
It can not cause to quench non-uniform situation across adjacent regions for the line of magnetic induction.And the application rotates work by rotating clamp
It part and moves up and down laser head the position of heating can be made fast and accurately to be adjusted, even as high low speed cam bit
Complex-shaped and part for on-circular cross-section can also be by adjusting the position and control that laser heats in time in quenching process
The power of laser ensures the uniformity of depth of hardening and hardness.Go out in the next push rod of the application reason cylinder top simultaneously
Inlet opening cools down in the circulating cooling water passage with the formation of the endoporus of part to part in water hole and rotation clamp, rapid band
The heat that quenching generates is walked, the quality of part after quenching is ensure that, avoids piece surface and generated because of local heating's component
Crackle.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the equipment general assembly drawing of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the clamping device part of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is that cam parts working region divides figure;
Fig. 4 is schematic diagram when the reciprocity diameter region of the present invention is quenched;
Fig. 5 is the present invention to schematic diagram when early period, accelerating region quenched;
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram when present invention quenches acceleration meadow;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram when present invention quenches later stage accelerating region;
In figure label for:Laser head 1, to hold out against cylinder 2, rotation clamp 3, water inlet pipe 4, outlet pipe 5, mechanical arm 6, feeding logical
Road 7, cam parts 9, equal diameter area 10, accelerating region early period 11, accelerates meadow 12, later stage accelerating region 13 at blanking channel 8.
Specific implementation mode
The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
On-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including laser system, cooling system, work
Make platform and workpiece grip mechanism, the laser system includes laser head 1, straight line driving mechanism and Laser Power Devices, the laser head 1
It is electrically connected with Laser Power Devices, the straight line driving mechanism is sequentially connected with laser head 1, and the workpiece grip mechanism setting is working
On platform, the workpiece grip mechanism includes holding out against cylinder 2 and rotation clamp 3, is provided with inlet opening in the rotation clamp 3, institute
State and be provided with apopore in the push rod for holding out against cylinder 2, the cooling system includes water tank, water inlet pipe 4 and outlet pipe 5, it is described into
4 one end of water pipe is connected to water tank, and the other end is connected to inlet opening, and 5 one end of the outlet pipe is connected to water tank, the other end and water outlet
Pipe 5 is connected to.
The workpiece grip mechanism of the application is used for holding parts, and part is installed on rotation clamp 3, and by holding out against cylinder 2
It holds out against, rotation clamp 3 drives parts turn.The laser system of the application is for generating laser, to zero in laser irradiation to part
Part is heated, and can adjust the energy in laser irradiation to part by upper mobile laser head 1 under straight line driving mechanism.
Hold out against be provided in the push rod of cylinder 2 in apopore and rotation clamp 3 be provided with inlet opening cylinder top it is next with part in
Hole forms the access of the cooling water circulation of a perforation, and the ratio between 5 tunnel of outlet pipe and the sectional area on 4 tunnel of water inlet pipe are 2:1, Ke Yibao
It demonstrate,proves cooling water and is full of workpiece cavity.The cooling system of the application, by being passed through the cooling water of flowing to inner bore of part come rapid band
Walk the heat that quenching generates.Cooling water flows through water tank and is recycled again after constant temperature.The application is generated using laser head 1
Laser carries out heating quenching to part, and the position of quenching mode laser heating compared with prior art is more accurate, while laser
Quenching can not cause to quench non-uniform situation across adjacent regions because of the line of magnetic induction unlike electromagnetic induction quenching.
And the application by rotate 3 turning of work piece of clamp and move up and down laser head 1 can make the position of heating fast and accurately into
Row adjustment, even part that is complex-shaped as high low speed cam bit and being on-circular cross-section can also be by quenching process
In adjust the position of laser heating in time and ensure the uniformity of depth of hardening and hardness.
Embodiment 1
In the present embodiment, the straight line driving mechanism includes driving motor, lead screw and nut, the nut and laser head
1 connection, the driving motor output shaft are connect with screw rod transmission, the lead screw and nut cooperation.Motor drives lead screw rotation, silk
Bar be converted to nut move up and down drive laser head 1 to move up and down.Straight line driving mechanism can also use tooth
Take turns rack-driving, guide rail slide block cooperation, the mechanically common linear drives mode such as linear motor driving.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, it in order to keep cooling water quick, is fully recovered in water tank, the application is in the tail portion of apopore
Multiple collection holes are provided with, collects and collecting tank is set below hole, the bottom of collecting tank is connected to outlet pipe 5.In apopore tail portion
Multiple collection holes of arranging can increase the area for collecting residual water, be distributed in the residual water of apopore tail portion by collecting hole and enter receipts
Collect in slot, then flowed back into water tank from collecting tank inlet and outlet pipes 5.In order to make the workpiece after holding out against can be with flexible rotating, the top
The cylinder push-rod of tight cylinder 2 and it is top between connected by bearing.
Embodiment 3
In the present embodiment, the top end is provided with sealing ring.When top top tight workpiece makes, sealing ring goes out push rod
Gap closing among water hole and inner bore of part, to form a closed cooling water circulation loop.
Embodiment 4
In this example, further include controller, photoelectric sensor, the photoelectric sensor are provided on the clamping device
Signal output end and the signal input part of controller connect, the driving of the signal output end of the controller and rotation clamp 3
Device is connected with the driving mechanism of linear drive apparatus.After the photoelectric sensor on clamping device detects part in place, control
Device control laser head 1 processed starts, and controls rotation clamp 3 and drive workpiece rotation.
Embodiment 5
Further include mechanical arm 6, the machine in the present embodiment in order to improve production efficiency and the degree of automation, in the application
The control signal input of tool arm 6 and the signal output end of controller connect.Mechanical arm 6 can be processed fast and accurately by upper one
The workpiece of link is installed to the station of the application laser quenching after taking out.
Embodiment 6
In order to improve production efficiency, the application is respectively arranged with feeding channel 7 and blanking channel 8 in the both sides of mechanical arm 6.
Mechanical arm 6 takes out workpiece to be processed from feeding channel 7, send to laser quenching processing stations after processing is completed, and by machine
The taking-up of tool arm 6 is sent to blanking channel 8.
The laser-quenching technique of the application, including following steps:
A, cam parts 9 are mounted on workpiece grip mechanism and are held out against;
As shown in figure 3, the working region of cam bit is roughly divided into equal diameter area 10, accelerating region early period according to functional requirement
11, accelerate the stage of stable development 12, the exterior contour of 13 4 parts of later stage accelerating region, cam bit also accordingly to be drawn according to aforementioned four parts
Point.Since the diameter and diameter change rule of various pieces are all different, in order to make final quenched cam bit quench layer depth
Degree and quenching hardness meet requirement, and the variation according to each area in quenching process is handled.
B, start laser system, so that laser head 1 is generated laser and heating quenching is carried out to cam parts 9, while controlling rotation
Clamp 3 drives cam parts 9 to turn in the same direction, and makes the equal diameter area of cam parts 9, equal diameter area 10, accelerating region early period
11, accelerate the stage of stable development 12, later stage accelerating region 13 to sequentially enter laser-irradiated domain;
C, as shown in figure 4, when the equal diameter area of cam parts 9 enters laser-irradiated domain, the height of laser head 1 is kept
It is constant;As shown in Figure 5 when cam parts 9, which turn to accelerating region early period 11, enters laser-irradiated domain, laser head 1 is with cam
The rotation of part 9, which moves up, is gradually distance from cam parts 9, while workpiece grip mechanism drives cam parts 9 to far from the later stage
13 side of accelerating region moves horizontally;As shown in fig. 6, when the acceleration stage of stable development 12 into cam parts 9 enters laser-irradiated domain
When, the height of laser head 1 remains unchanged;As shown in fig. 7, entering laser irradiation when cam parts 9 turn to later stage accelerating region 13
When region, laser head 1 moves closer to cam parts 9, while workpiece grip mechanism band as the rotation of cam parts 9 moves down
Moving cam part 9 is moved horizontally to separate, 11 side of accelerating region early period.The laser that the application is generated using laser head 1 is to part
Heating quenching is carried out, the position of quenching mode laser heating compared with prior art is more accurate, while laser quenching is unlike electricity
Magnetic induction quenching can not cause to quench non-uniform situation like that across adjacent regions because of the line of magnetic induction.And the application
By rotation 3 turning of work piece of clamp and moving up and down laser head 1 makes the position of heating fast and accurately be adjusted, in cam bit
Each machining area using corresponding quenching position, even complex-shaped as high low speed cam bit and be on-circular cross-section
Part can also ensure the uniform of depth of hardening and hardness by adjusting the position that laser heats in time in quenching process
Property.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment is passed through the cooling water of flowing while laser quenching into the hole of cam parts 9, by part
The cooling water that endoporus is passed through flowing carrys out the rapid heat taken away quenching and generated.
In actual production, the application laser quenching complete procedure is:
Robot feeding → sensor detects workpiece and starts cylinder top tight workpiece → logical cooling water → workpiece fast bit
Station is moved to start to complete quenching workpiece fast offset extremely by procedure stipulation parameter rotation laser output simultaneously → station one together
Station two simultaneously starts to complete by procedure stipulation parameter rotation laser output simultaneously → workpiece quenching, and laser shutdown → workpiece is retracted just
Beginning position → cylinder release → robot grabbing workpiece simultaneously upper second workpiece → robot workpiece is placed on blanking material path
→ equipment carries out the processing of next workpiece.
Claims (10)
1. on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system, it is characterised in that:Including laser system, cooling system, workbench and
Workpiece grip mechanism, the laser system include laser head (1), straight line driving mechanism and Laser Power Devices, the laser head (1) and
Laser Power Devices are electrically connected, and the straight line driving mechanism is sequentially connected with laser head (1), and the workpiece grip mechanism setting is working
On platform, the workpiece grip mechanism includes holding out against cylinder (2) and rotation clamp (3), is provided with into water in the rotation clamp (3)
Hole is provided with apopore in the push rod for holding out against cylinder (2), and the cooling system includes water tank, water inlet pipe (4) and outlet pipe
(5), described water inlet pipe (4) one end is connected to water tank, and the other end is connected to inlet opening, and described outlet pipe (5) one end connects with water tank
Logical, the other end is connected to outlet pipe (5).
2. on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The straight line driving
Structure includes driving motor, lead screw and nut, and the nut is connect with laser head (1), and the driving motor output shaft connects with transmission
It connects, the lead screw and nut cooperation.
3. on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The tail of the apopore
Portion is provided with multiple collection holes, collects and collecting tank is arranged below hole, the bottom of collecting tank is connected to outlet pipe (5).
4. on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to hold out against cylinder
(2) cylinder push-rod and it is top between connected by bearing.
5. on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The top end is set
It is equipped with sealing ring.
6. on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Further include controller,
Photoelectric sensor, the signal output end of the photoelectric sensor and the signal input part of controller are provided on the clamping device
Connection, the signal output end of the controller and the driving mechanism of the driving device of rotation clamp (3) and linear drive apparatus connect
It connects.
7. on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:It further include mechanical arm
(6), the signal output end of the control signal input of the mechanical arm (6) and controller connects.
8. on-circular cross-section workpiece laser quenching processing system as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that:In mechanical arm (6)
Both sides are respectively arranged with feeding channel (7) and blanking channel (8).
9. the technique for carrying out laser quenching using laser quenching processing system described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Including with
Under several steps:
A, cam parts (9) are mounted on workpiece grip mechanism and are held out against;
B, start laser system, so that laser head (1) is generated laser and heating quenching is carried out to cam parts (9), while controlling rotation
Clamp (3) drives cam parts (9) to turn in the same direction, and makes the equal diameter area (10) of cam parts (9), early period accelerating region
(11), the stage of stable development (12), later stage accelerating region (13) is accelerated to sequentially enter laser-irradiated domain;
C, when the equal diameter area (10) of cam parts (9) enters laser-irradiated domain, the height of laser head (1) remains unchanged,
When cam parts (9) turn to accelerating region early period (11) into laser-irradiated domain, laser head (1) is with cam parts (9)
Rotation move up and be gradually distance from cam parts (9), while workpiece grip mechanism drives cam parts (9) to add to far from the later stage
Fast area (13) side moves horizontally, when the acceleration stage of stable development (12) for entering cam parts (9) entering laser-irradiated domain, laser
The height of head (1) remains unchanged, when cam parts (9) turn to later stage accelerating region (13) into laser-irradiated domain, laser
Head (1) moves closer to cam parts (9) as the rotation of cam parts (9) moves down, while workpiece grip mechanism drive is convex
Wheel part (9) is moved horizontally to far from early period accelerating region (11) side.
10. laser-quenching technique as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that:To cam parts (9) while laser quenching
Hole in be passed through the cooling water of flowing.
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CN109266811A (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-01-25 | 淮南舜立机械有限责任公司 | Column oil cylinder Laser Surface Treatment device |
CN112410511A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-26 | 苏州奥柯激光科技有限公司 | Laser quenching device with adjustable multi-degree-of-freedom workpiece position |
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CN112410511A (en) * | 2020-11-02 | 2021-02-26 | 苏州奥柯激光科技有限公司 | Laser quenching device with adjustable multi-degree-of-freedom workpiece position |
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