CN108588020B - New application of near-infrared II-region quantum dots containing selenium element - Google Patents
New application of near-infrared II-region quantum dots containing selenium element Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a new application of a near-infrared II region quantum dot containing selenium element, wherein the near-infrared II region quantum dot is used for T cell marking and/or T cell living body tracing; wherein, the near-infrared II region quantum dots contain selenium element. According to the invention, a natural selenium element transfer system of the T cell is utilized, so that the T cell is enabled to take in the quantum dots in the near-infrared II region containing selenium element, natural, lossless and efficient marking of the T cell is realized, the marked quantum dots are uniformly distributed in cytoplasm of the T cell, and living tracking of the T cell is realized through a near-infrared II region fluorescence signal by utilizing a laser confocal microscope or a small animal living body imaging system; the invention can realize the efficient and lossless marking of the T cells without using expensive bioactive molecules to modify quantum dots.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biological imaging, and relates to a new application of a selenium-containing near-infrared II-region quantum dot.
Background
T cells are one type of lymphocyte and are an important component of the adaptive immune system. T cells, with the help of antigen presenting cells, can recognize and kill virus-infected cells or cells with abnormal gene expression (such as cancer cells), and have important roles in resisting invasion of external pathogens and tumor immunotherapy.
Tumor immunotherapy is an emerging precise and effective method for tumor treatment, mainly involving immune node check inhibitor therapy and adoptive T cell therapy. The adoptive T cell therapy is to modify the T cells from the patient self or variant in vitro to make the T cells have the tumor targeted killing capability, and then the T cells are infused back into the patient to realize the killing effect on the tumor. The most common adoptive T cell therapy at present is chimeric antigen receptor recombinant T cell (CAR-T) therapy, which expresses tumor specific antigen receptors on the surface of T cells by genetic engineering techniques and activates T cells, thereby providing T cells with tumor killing effects. In 2017, the FDA approved two CAR-T therapies, and the CAR-T therapies are applied to clinical treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and have achieved good curative effects.
Although CAR-T therapy has created a wonder in tumor therapy, the problems with this technology are not negligible. First, CAR-T therapy, while achieving excellent clinical therapeutic effects, also suffers from the tragedy of death of a few patients due to side effects; furthermore, despite the high cure rate of CAR-T therapy, about 10% of patients are still insensitive to this treatment; finally, CAR-T therapies currently approved for clinical use are directed against non-solid tumors and are not applicable to solid tumors. To solve the above problems, the main existing obstacle is that the in vivo action mechanism of adoptive T cell therapy is not clear, and especially there is no clear conclusion about the in vivo migration of T cells and the study of life-rule. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a method for efficiently labeling and tracking T cells.
Fluorescent labeling and in vivo tracking are important methods for studying the migration of cells in vivo. The traditional fluorescent probe mainly comprises fluorescent protein, micromolecule organic fluorescent dye and the like, the fluorescent signal is easy to quench, the range of the fluorescent signal is in the visible light range, the fluorescent probe is interfered by the autofluorescence of organisms when being used for in vivo tracking, and the tissue penetration capacity of the signal is weak. The near-infrared II-region quantum dot is a novel fluorescent probe, has the wavelength range of 1000-1700nm, stable fluorescent signal, lower absorption and scattering of living tissue, higher tissue penetration depth and spatial resolution in-vivo fluorescence imaging, almost no interference of biological autofluorescence and is very suitable for in-vivo tracing research of cells.
Because the phagocytic capacity of the T cell is weak, a T cell specific antibody or cell-penetrating peptide is usually required to be modified on the surface of the quantum dot in the near-infrared II region so as to promote the phagocytosis of the quantum dot by the T cell and obtain a good labeling effect. For example, the surface of a quantum dot can be modified with a CD3 antibody, and T cell labeling can be completed by co-culturing with T cells for 30 minutes, so that a good labeling effect is obtained. The quantum dots modified by the cell-penetrating peptide can efficiently enter the inside of the cell, the marking effect is stable, but the cell-penetrating peptide is expensive, the preparation cost of the probe is greatly improved, and the action mechanism of the cell-penetrating peptide is forced to enter through the membrane, so that the cell-penetrating peptide has an injury effect on the cell and is not beneficial to long-time tracking of cell migration.
In conclusion, the development of the marker which has good marking effect, small side effect and economy and practicability is used for T cell tracing and has important significance for researching the action mechanism, migration and life rule of T cells in vivo.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a new application of selenium-containing near-infrared II region quantum dots, and the invention utilizes the selenium on the surface of a T cell to combine with a transport site, so that the T cell can take in the selenium-containing near-infrared II region quantum dots, thereby realizing natural, lossless and efficient marking of the T cell.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an application of near-infrared II-region quantum dots in T cell marking and/or T cell living body tracing;
wherein, the near-infrared II region quantum dots contain selenium element.
The method adopts the water-soluble near-infrared II region quantum dots containing selenium as the marking probe, utilizes the natural selenium transport system of the T cells to ensure that the T cells take in the near-infrared II region quantum dots containing the selenium, does not need to use expensive bioactive molecules to modify the quantum dots, realizes natural, lossless and efficient marking of the T cells, ensures that the marked quantum dots are uniformly distributed in cytoplasm of the T cells, and has the advantages of good marking effect, small side effect, economy and practicability.
Preferably, the near-infrared region II quantum dots comprise Ag2Se quantum dots and/or PbSe quantum dots.
Preferably, the particle size of the near-infrared region II quantum dots is 0.5 to 50nm, and may be, for example, 0.5nm, 1nm, 2nm, 3nm, 4nm, 5nm, 6nm, 7nm, 8nm, 9nm, 10nm, 12nm, 15nm, 18nm, 20nm, 22nm, 25nm, 28nm, 30nm, 32nm, 35nm, 38nm, 40nm, 42nm, 45nm, 48nm or 50nm, preferably 2 to 10 nm.
Preferably, the near-infrared region II quantum dots are modified with any one of polyethylene glycol, thiol, or thiol derivatives, or a combination of at least two thereof.
Preferably, the thiol derivative comprises any one of thioglycolic acid, mercaptoethylamine, mercaptopropionic acid, dihydrolipoic acid, cysteine, glutathione or 3-mercaptobenzoic acid or a combination of at least two thereof.
According to the invention, the surface modification is carried out on the quantum dots in the near-infrared II region, so that the water solubility of the quantum dots is improved, and the biocompatibility of the quantum dots is improved.
Preferably, the T cells are derived from human and/or animal origin.
Preferably, the animal includes any one of mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, monkey, or pig or a combination of at least two thereof.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method of labelling T cells, the method comprising:
adding selenium-containing near-infrared II region quantum dots into T cells, mixing, incubating, and labeling T cells.
In the present invention, the T cells having affinity with selenium can be labeled with near-infrared II region quantum dots containing selenium, the T cells of the present invention can be, for example, activated and/or inactivated primary T cells, transgenic T cells or T cell lines, and one skilled in the art can label any type of T cells with near-infrared II region quantum dots containing selenium as needed.
In the invention, the marked T cells are observed under the near-infrared II region fluorescence signal by adopting a laser confocal microscope.
Preferably, the concentration of the near-infrared II region quantum dots is 0.05-1 mu M/108The number of cells may be, for example, 0.05. mu.M/108Cell, 0.1. mu.M/108Cell, 0.2. mu.M/1080.3. mu.M/10 per cell8Cell, 0.4. mu.M/108Cell, 0.5. mu.M/1080.6. mu.M/10 per cell80.7. mu.M/10 per cell80.8. mu.M/10 per cell8Cell, 0.9. mu.M/108Individual cell or 1.0. mu.M/108Individual cell, preferably 0.1-0.5. mu.M/108And (4) cells.
Preferably, the incubation time is 0.5-6h, for example 0.5h, 1h, 1.5h, 2h, 2.5h, 3h, 3.5h, 4h, 4.5h or 5h, preferably 1-4 h.
As a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a method for labeling T cells, comprising:
press 108Adding quantum dots with the proportion of 0.05-1 mu M into each cell, adding quantum dots containing selenium in a near infrared II region into T cells, mixing, incubating for 0.5-6h, and labeling the T cells.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a T cell comprising near-infrared region II quantum dots;
wherein, the near-infrared II region quantum dots contain selenium element.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a method of in vivo tracking of T cells, the method comprising:
delivering the T cells of the third aspect into an animal and performing a T cell live tracking under a live imager.
In the invention, the T cells in the animal body are subjected to living body tracing under the near infrared II area fluorescent signal by using a living body imaging system.
The concentration of T cells delivered to an animal is not limited in the present invention and can be adjusted by one skilled in the art based on the weight and volume of the animal.
Preferably, the animal includes any one of mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, monkey, or pig or a combination of at least two thereof.
Preferably, the detection signal of the living body imager is a near infrared II-region signal.
As a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a method for in vivo tracking of T cells, the method comprising the steps of:
delivering the T cell of the third aspect into an animal and performing a T cell live tracking using near infrared zone II signals under a live imager.
In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a method for labeling T cells according to the second aspect, a T cell according to the third aspect, or a method for tracing T cells in vivo according to the fourth aspect, for use in exploring the migration regularity and/or life behavior of T cells in vivo.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, natural selenium element of the T cell is combined with a transport system, so that the T cell takes in the near-infrared II region quantum dots containing the selenium element, and natural, lossless and efficient marking of the near-infrared II region quantum dots on the T cell is realized;
(2) the method can realize efficient and nondestructive marking of the T cells without modifying the quantum dots by using expensive bioactive molecules, and has the advantages of low cost and simple and convenient marking process;
(3) the near-infrared II-region quantum dots are uniformly distributed in the T cells, the marking effect is stable, and the long-time tracking of the T cell migration of a living body is facilitated;
(4) the invention takes near infrared II area signals as living body tracing signals, and has the advantages of strong tissue penetration capability and high spatial resolution in living body fluorescence imaging.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows Ag2S near-infrared II region quantum dot mark T cell and Ag2Marking an image of the T cell by the Se near infrared II region quantum dots;
FIG. 2 shows Ag under a fluorescence microscope2Image of Se near-infrared II-region quantum dot-labeled T cells;
FIG. 3 shows in vivo imaging apparatus Ag2And (3) injecting the T cells marked by the Se near infrared II region quantum dots into the back of the nude mouse subcutaneously.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means adopted by the present invention and the effects thereof, the present invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention.
The examples do not show the specific techniques or conditions, according to the technical or conditions described in the literature in the field, or according to the product specifications. The reagents or apparatus used are conventional products commercially available from normal sources, not indicated by the manufacturer.
Reagents and instrumentation:
(1) female Balb/c mice for 4-6 weeks, female nude mice for 4-8 weeks;
(2) primary reagent
Monodisperse water-soluble Ag with surface modified by carboxyl PEG2Se near infrared II region quantum dots (yiri, china), monodisperse water-soluble PbSe near infrared II region quantum dots (yiri, china) surface-modified with carboxyl PEG, 1640 medium (Gibico, usa), fetal bovine serum (Gibico, usa), interleukin 2(Peprotech, usa), mouse spleen lymphocyte extract (tomaythic, china), HEPES buffer (Gibico, usa), mouse CD3 antibody (BD, usa), L-glutamine (sigma, usa), nylon cotton column (Kisher-biotch, germany), 1 × Phosphate Buffer (PBS);
(3) main instrument
Cell culture chambers (Heraeus, germany), laser confocal microscopes (Leica, usa), near infrared II-zone fluorescent small animal in vivo imagers (shadowri, china).
Example 1
(1) Extraction and culture of mouse T cells
Taking spleens of Balb/c mice of 4-6 weeks old, shearing, grinding on a 200-mesh cell net sieve to obtain spleen homogenate, diluting the spleen homogenate to 5mL, transferring the spleen homogenate into a 15mL centrifuge tube, carefully adding an isovolumetric spleen lymphocyte separation solution, centrifuging for 30 minutes at 300g, sucking out a lymphocyte layer, carrying out centrifugal cleaning for 3 times after resuspension by using a cleaning solution, and purifying by using a nylon cotton column to obtain T cells of the mice;
the obtained T cells were inoculated into a culture plate or a cell culture flask, cultured using 1640 medium (containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 0.5% diabody, 25mM HEPES buffer and 2mM L-glutathione), added with 50ng/mL of CD3 antibody and 200IU/mL of interleukin-2, placed in a cell culture chamber for culture, the medium was changed every two days, and supplemented with interleukin-2.
(2) Labelling of T cells
Centrifuging to remove T cell culture medium, resuspending cells with 1mL serum-free 1640 medium, adding 0.5 μ M monodisperse water soluble Ag with carboxyl PEG modified on surface2Incubating the Se near infrared II region quantum dots in a phosphate buffer solution at 37 ℃ for 1-4 hours, centrifuging to remove free quantum dots, rinsing the Se near infrared II region quantum dots for 2-3 times by using the phosphate buffer solution, and resuspending the Se near infrared II region quantum dots in a serum-free 1640 cell culture medium to finish T cell marking;
the marked T cell suspension is inoculated into a culture dish for a confocal microscope, and after the culture dish is placed in an incubator for 30 minutes to deposit cells on the bottom of the culture dish, the T cells are observed under the excitation wavelength of 808 nm.
As shown in FIG. 1, Ag was added under the same labeling conditions2Se near infrared II region quantum dots can efficiently mark T cells, and Ag with the same size and the same carboxyl PEG modified on the surface2The S near infrared II region quantum dots have no capacity of marking T cells.
As shown in FIG. 2, Ag was observed under a fluorescence microscope2Se-labeled T cells show a homogeneous fluorescent signal, Ag2The Se near infrared II region quantum dots are uniformly distributed in the T cell paste.
(3) T cell in vivo tracing
And (3) resuspending the T cells marked by the quantum dots in the near-infrared II region by adopting a serum-free 1640 culture medium, injecting the resuspended T cells into the back subcutaneous tissue of a nude mouse, anesthetizing the nude mouse, transferring the anesthetized nude mouse into a near-infrared II region living body imager for observation, and tracking the migration of the T cells in the nude mouse.
As shown in FIG. 3, Ag is added2After the Se near infrared II region quantum dot marked T cells are injected into the back subcutaneous of a nude mouse, strong fluorescent signals are displayed at the input part under living body imaging equipment.
Example 2
Compared with the example 1, PbSe near infrared II region quantum dots are used for marking T cells, and other conditions are the same as the example 1. The experimental result is except that PbSe and Ag2The difference in fluorescence signal intensity caused by the difference in quantum yield of two kinds of Se quantum dots is not qualitatively different from that of example 1.
In conclusion, the natural selenium element of the T cell is combined with the transport system, so that the T cell takes in the near-infrared II region quantum dots containing the selenium element, the natural, lossless and efficient marking of the T cell by the near-infrared II region quantum dots is realized, the near-infrared II region quantum dots are uniformly distributed in the T cell, the marking effect is stable, the interference of biological autofluorescence is avoided in the living body fluorescence imaging, the tissue penetration capability is strong, and the spatial resolution is high; the invention can realize the efficient and nondestructive marking of the T cells without modifying the quantum dots by using expensive bioactive molecules, has low cost and simple and convenient marking process, and has important significance in the field of T cell research.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated in detail by the above examples, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed methods, i.e. it is not meant that the present invention must rely on the above detailed methods for its implementation. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitutions of the raw materials of the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for labeling a T cell, comprising:
adding monodisperse water-soluble Ag with carboxyl PEG modified on surface into T cells2And (3) Se and/or PbSe near infrared II area quantum dots, mixing and incubating, and carrying out T cell labeling.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of the near-infrared region II quantum dots is 0.05-1 μ Μ/108(ii) individual cells;
the incubation time is 0.5-6 h.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the concentration of the near-infrared region II quantum dots is 0.1-0.5 μ Μ/108(ii) individual cells;
the incubation time is 1-4 h.
4. A method for in vivo tracking of T cells for non-disease diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, said method comprising:
the labeled T cells obtained by the method for labeling T cells according to any one of claims 1 to 3 are transferred to an animal and subjected to T cell live tracking under a live imager.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the animal comprises any one of a mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, monkey, or pig, or a combination of at least two thereof;
and the detection signal of the living body imager is a near infrared II area signal.
6. Use of a method for labelling T-cells according to any of claims 1 to 3, a method for tracing T-cells in vivo according to claim 4 or 5 for the exploration of the law of migration and/or the behaviour of life of T-cells in vivo for purposes other than disease diagnosis and therapy.
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