CN108585882A - A kind of raw material and its production method of function alundum - Google Patents
A kind of raw material and its production method of function alundum Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates in refractory material production field, a kind of simple substance Si, Al are uniformly distributed in the production of the function alundum raw material between Al2O3 lattices, the raw material can be used the pre-buried combustible tube of method in ZL201310509414.2 or ZL201310509406.8 such as and do the scheme of nitrided mold, realize the Sialonization without body of constructing under nitriding furnace；The function alundum raw material is the SiO restored with excessive metal Al powder in grinding grade alumina or calcined kaolin2、Fe2O3And TiO2, Si is all from this reduction reaction in the function alundum, and Al is all uniformly distributed in from Ti, Fe in the excessive portion for going back primary aluminum, reduzate in corundum lattice, becomes the catalyst of Sialon formation；Si, Al mass ratio of target product is（3‑4）：The quality sum of 1, Si and Al accounts for 8 12wt% of function alundum gross mass, Fe contents<1wt%, Ti content are 2 4wt%, Al2O3Content is 75 90wt%, and function alundum bulk density is 2.8 3.2g/cm3.The production of function alundum raw material can accelerate the paces of mankind's application popularization sialon material with application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refractory raw material production field more particularly to a kind of raw materials and its producer of function alundum
Method.
Background technology
1970, the mankind were in Si3N4With Al2O3In hot-forming process, Al is found2O3It can be dissolved into Si3N4It is reached in lattice
60-70% forms the solid solution containing Si-Al-O-N, four symbols of element is enumerated SIALON or sialon to indicate this solid
Solution is pronounced：" Sai Long ", subsequent people gradually have found that sialon materials have very excellent thermal shock resistance and the mankind to send out
The best cordierite of existing thermal stability, vitreous silica, spodumene and aluminium titanates the coefficient of expansion be close, only (2-3) *
10-6/k；Its fusing point height remains to be stabilized, there is very excellent resistance to almost without fusing point under 2200-2300 degrees Celsius
Molten slag erosion performance, alkali resistant aggressivity is also very outstanding, mechanical strength two orders of magnitude higher than common material.After research,
Resistance to material expert thinks that sialon is the material that the most harsh position of use condition is best on blast furnace in future.
French Savoie companies have developed the blast furnace previous generation service life by continuous exploration in 10 years before and after 1985
Up to vicennial sialon combined corundums brick, before the appearance of sialon combined corundum bricks, the most preferably day on blast furnace
The Si of this production3N4In conjunction with SiC bricks, therefore expert concludes the sialon combined corundum brick service life up to 20 years, before this, entirely
The super-huge blast furnace of ball has three/second is that concentrating on Japan, after this, super-huge blast furnace gradually increases in the whole world, currently,
These SiAlON bonded corundum brick blast furnaces have all been on active service expires, in practice it has proved that 20 year service life of sialon materials, even 20
Also there is no problem within 5 years.
At the initial stage that sialon combined corundum bricks are born, just there are tens of universities and colleges and scientific research institution pair in China
Sialon materials are studied, and are had 40 years so far, and China is not born always and the identical material of France, research department
In the case where not working out and French identical sialon combined corundums brick, start to want useless with corundum raw material and gangue etc.
Gurry is as raw material, and nitridation is completed with one step of reduction, but obtained product is indefinite, also not to product carry out using make a search with
Analysis, therefore, in 40 years, domestic research is researched and developed on the waste materials such as existing corundum raw material and gangue always, and
Sialon combined corundum bricks are not worked out, one of the main reasons for this is that not developing the raw material for being suitble to production sialon materials.
When China's sialon investigations of materials enter bottleneck period, 2011, inventor team was in thinking blast furnace working lining
When spray paint, sudden caprice：N is led to using combustible tube2Mode realizes the Sialonization of spray paint, and blast furnace has been taken in 2015
Two patents of invention of preparation of Sialon and iron runner Sialon construction bodies, because not being suitble to do the corundum of sialon material at that time,
Have to apply for two patents with Brown Alundum, therefore exploitation is suitble to the corundum mission for doing Sialon raw materials just to fall on this exploitation naturally
On team's shoulder.It is researched and developed from the raw material of suitable production sialon materials, the β-being evenly distributed is produced conducive to raw material
Sialon construction bodies, improve the service life of blast furnace.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to overcome defect and the prior art synthesis Sialon existing in the prior art must be in nitrogen
Change the technical deficiency completed in stove, and a kind of raw material, production and its application of function alundum are provided, the function alundum
Raw material in Si, Al be dispersed in Al2O3Between lattice, when sialon materials are made with the function alundum raw material, it is not necessarily to
The generation of Sialon can be realized in nitriding furnace, saves cost, and Fe, the Ti being reduced in raw material are uniformly distributed in raw material, directly
As the catalyst during sialon material preparations, obtained sialon materials'use long lifespans.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：A kind of raw material of function alundum, with excessive metal Al powder
SiO in reduction grinding grade alundum and/or calcined kaolin2、Fe2O3And TiO2, in the function alundum raw material：Si、
The mass ratio of Al is (3-4)：The quality sum of 1, Si and Al accounts for the 8-12wt% of function alundum gross mass, and function is sintered
Si in corundum is all from this reduction reaction, and Al is all from the excessive portion of reducing agent, Fe contents<1wt%, Ti
Content is 2-4wt%, Al2O3Content is 75-90wt%, bulk density 2.8-3.2g/cm3。
A kind of production method of function alundum raw material, includes the following steps：
A：Raw material is ground
It will grinding grade sintering alumina and/or calcined kaolin spare, the accurate detection grinding grade that is ground to 300-600 mesh respectively
SiO in alumina or calcined kaolin2、Fe2O3And TiO2Amount, Al powder is added, the quality of Al powder is according to Si, Al in target product
Amount is calculated according to mass conservation law, and it is (3-4) to make the mass ratio of Si, Al in target product：The quality sum of 1, Si and Al accounts for
The 8-12% of function alundum gross mass；Fe contents<1wt%, Ti content are 2-4wt%, Al2O3Content is 75-
90wt%, bulk density 2.8-3.2g/cm3；
It will dry grind, do in the ball mill for having corundum ball in grinding grade calcined bauxite in powder, calcined kaolin powder and the addition of Al powder
Blowing after mill 2h；Ball mill mixes powder and is only breaking powder reunion, improves the fine powder entropy of mixing and uniformity coefficient is more conducive to reduction reaction
Be smoothed out；
B：Wet rolling
Wet rolling machine or forced mixer is added in the mixed powder obtained in step A, dilute phenol is added into mixed powder
Urea formaldehyde wet mixing 5-10min, the addition of dilute phenolic resin are the 4-6% of mixed powder quality, only so with dilute phenolic resin,
Being intended to provide a kind of water-free bonding agent avoids the aquation of Al from aoxidizing；
C：Green compact
By the wet mixed feed in step B, green compact, obtained green body are packed into tunnel kiln car or enter down-draft kiln at 100-150MPa
In, green body is roasted with the heating rate of 30-50 DEG C/h, burns to 1500-1550 DEG C, is cooled down after keeping the temperature 2-8h, to cooling
Green body afterwards is crushed, is milled, is packed, is put in storage.To make castable, spray paint is used.
Preferably, Al in grade alundum is ground in step A2O3Content>80wt%, Fe2O3Content<1.5wt%, TiO2Contain
Amount is 2-4wt%.
Preferably, Al in calcined kaolin in step A2O3Content>45wt%, Al2O3+SiO2>=98wt%, Fe2O3<
1.0wt%, TiO2=1-1.5wt%, bulk density 2.1-2.35g/cm3。
Preferably, dilute phenolic resin is made of phenolic resin and ethylene glycol in the step B, the phenolic resin and second two
The mass ratio of alcohol is 1：(3-4).
A method of preparing Sialon materials with the raw material of function alundum：
The invention has the advantages that：Si, Al are uniformly distributed in Al in the function alundum raw material of the present invention2O3
Between lattice, the excessive reducing agent of the function alundum raw material will be in grinding grade alumina and/or the high washed kaolin of calcining
SiO2、Fe2O3And TiO2It is reduced into Si, Fe and Ti, the Si that reduction obtains is made to become the simple substance Si of sialon materials whole in future
Source, the source of the simple substance Al of the excessive portion sialon material wholes of reducing agent Al, and Fe, Ti for being reduced are uniformly distributed
In function alundum raw material, just as the catalyst for preparing sialon.
Why this material is known as " function alundum raw material ", it is uniformly distributed in Al in addition to simple substance Si, Al2O3It is brilliant
Lattice China and foreign countries, the atom level that uniformity coefficient can reach molecular composition is uniform, and Si, Al are at the original position that reduction reaction occurs, and are
Nitridation forms original position sialon materials and provides Si, Al resource again in the future, and the uniformity coefficient of this resource is any type machine
Tool stirring is unable to reach with mechanical mixture, and Al forms Al-Si alloys with the Si being reduced, and Si, Al of mechanical mixture are
Self-existent, Al+3H can be occurred by meeting water2O=Al (OH)3+3/2H2↑, so that Al aquations is aoxidized and is lost, these are only work(
One of the critical function of energy alundum raw material, and function alundum raw material can be used as raw material production sialon cast or spray
Coating is realized and is only the present inventor's main problem to be solved to the preparation of sialon materials and unsettingization without nitriding furnace.
Why function alundum raw material makes alundum, is because of corundum without making finer and close corundum
Typically electric smelting, internal almost pore-free, but in view of the reaction for generating sialon is gas-solid reaction：
ZSi+Z/3Al+Z/3Al2O3+(4-Z)/2N2=Si6-zAlzOZN8-Z
It is unfavorable for gas solid transfer, therefore present inventor thinks that this function alundum raw material is made containing certain saturating
The alundum of gas more science, but at present in the unique monograph about sialon materials in China《Non-oxidized substance is compound
Refractory material》It is too fine and close that one book author Sun Jialin, Hong Yanruo did not mention corundum yet, is unfavorable for the explanation of gas solid transfer,
Inventor thinks that this may be to influence country's sialon combined corundums brick up to the present still irrealizable one of the major reasons.
Particle is done with the function alundum raw material of the present invention and fine powder does castable or the construction body of spray paint is only drying
Lead to N when stove2Gas, so that it may be real the Worker's Stadium without nitriding furnace Sialonization, it is singly in matrix, inside particle to match grand formation not
Same Sialon is only formed in matrix as the corundum of past densification is particle Sialon never again, and particle is still
Corundum, cannot get dependable performance, stablizing, match is grand mutually equally distributed, be not achieved application requirement Sialon combine it is rigid
Beautiful syphon, till now still without the production of SiAlON bonded corundum brick, practical is exactly not develop this function corundum raw material in China.
The Large Construction body that particle and fine powder are made of the function alundum raw material of the present invention uses patent of invention：
The pre-buried combustible tube of method does the scheme of nitrided mold in ZL201310509414.2 or ZL201310509406.8, in baker or makes
With logical nitrogen in the process, it can be achieved that the Sialonization for body of constructing in the case of without nitriding furnace.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described further, but protection scope of the present invention
It is by no means limited to this.
Embodiment 1：Target product：It is 1.5wt% to prepare metal Al content, and the function that simple substance Si contents are 6.0wt% is burnt
Tie the raw material of corundum.
With grinding grade alumina (Al in alumina2O385wt%, Fe2O31.5wt%, TiO24.0wt%, SiO2
8.04wt%) and the small valley coal mine in Shuozhou calcines washed kaolin (Al2O345.5wt%, Fe2O30.5wt%, TiO21.0wt%,
SiO252.5wt%) next life pan belongs to Al 1.5wt%, the raw material of the function alundum of simple substance Si 6.0wt%.
If it is respectively x, y kilogram to grind grade alumina and high washed kaolin in one ton of dispensing,
Then x+y=1000
Solving equations obtain x=884 (kg), y=116 (kg)
The raw material of one ton of function alundum is produced, grinding grade alumina and calcining washed kaolin proportioning are 884:116,
884kg, which is ground in grade alumina and 116kg high washed kaolins, SiO2131.9376kg, Fe2O315.49kg TiO2
32.56kg restores these oxides and is respectively required for simple substance Al 79.184kg, 5.228kg and 16.434kg, and reduction Al is
100.846kg, metal Al cross dosage=100.846+1.5% × 1000=116kg.
I.e.：By calculate grinding grade alumina and high washed kaolin stone dosage in 1000kg dispensings be respectively 884kg,
Additional 100.846+1.5% × the 1000=116kg of 116kg, reducing agent Al, you can obtain Si content 6.0wt%, Al content is
The function alundum raw material of 1.5wt%, the assembly of final function alundum raw material are divided into： Al2O390.20wt%, Si
5.59wt%, Al 1.36wt%, Fe 1.02wt%, Ti 1.82wt%, this result do not consider that calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium etc. are micro miscellaneous
Quality factor influences.
Expand 100 times of dispensings by calculating when realization production, i.e. grinding grade alumina 88.4t, calcined kaolin 11.6t, metal
Al powder 11.6t, these raw materials are levigate spare to 300-600 mesh in advance, and the used time mixes loading with Al powder and carries corundum in proportion
It is ground two hours in the grinding machine of ball, blend composition goes out after ball milling stirs evenly, and corundum ball returns to grinding machine, and milling is put into forced mixer altogether
Or in wet rolling machine, it is the 4-6wt% of milling quality altogether to add dilute phenolic resin, the feeding quantity of dilute phenolic resin, is stirred 5-10 minutes
Can green compact molding, briquetting pressure 150MPa.
Molding green body can be forged into down-draft kiln or tunnel oven with 30-50 DEG C/h of heating rate, highest gas after burning
1500 DEG C of temperature, the raw material of the function alundum being so burnt into are Al 1.5wt%, the function alundum raw material of Si 6%,
It is crushed, is packed by the granularity of the requirement of function alundum, storage.
It should all be examined in batches per a batch grinding grade alumina and calcined kaolin, SiO2、Fe2O3、TiO2Inspection error must not
More than 0.20%, dispensing will accurately be counted strictly by the content of Si, Al in obtained target product according to mass conservation law
It calculates, it must be to Al to function alundum raw material2O3, Si, Al, Fe, Ti test.
Embodiment 2：Objective function alundum raw material：Al2O3Content is 80wt%, Si/Al=5:1, Fe<0.5%.
Due to Al also protokaolin (Al2O3·2SiO2) it can be obtained Al2O3Content is the alumina of 80wt% or so, is matched
Calcined kaolin is only needed in material, can be obtained target product without grinding alumina.
If high washed kaolin ingredient is Al2O345wt%, Fe2O31.12wt%, TiO21.5wt%, SiO2
51.00wt%.
So containing SiO in one ton of high washed kaolin2510kg, Fe2O311.2kg TiO215kg, restoring them needs Al
306kg, 3.78kg, 6.75kg, the total 316.53kg of reducing agent Al, generate new Al2O3=578+7.14+12.75=597.89kg,
Generate simple substance Si 238kg, Fe 7.84kg, Ti 9kg.
Total Al in material at this time2O3=597.89+450=1047.87kg
(wherein final material metal Al only has 238 ÷ 5=to the total additions of simple substance Al=316.53+238 ÷ 5=364.13
47.6kg)
Simple substance Fe amounts are 7.84kg in the raw material of final function alundum, and simple substance Ti is 9kg
Finally the material chemical component of gained function alundum is：
Al2O3=1047.89/ (1047.89+238+47.6+7.84+9)=77.60%
Si=238/1350.33=17.62%
Al=47.6/1350.33=3.53%
Fe=7.84/1350.33=0.581%
Ti=9/1350.33=0.667%
To obtain Al2O3Content be 80wt% or so, Si/Al=5:The raw material of 1 function alundum, only with gold
Belong to Al and restore calcined kaolin, you can obtains objective function alundum raw material, i.e. 1000kg calcined kaolins match 364.13kg
It is Al that metal Al powder, which can obtain chemical composition,2O377.60wt%, Si 17.62wt%, Al 3.53wt%, Fe 0.58wt%, Ti
The function alundum raw material of 0.67wt%.
It is existing when dispensing that calcined kaolin is finely ground into 300-600 mesh fine powders is spare.Kaolin is pressed with metal Al powder when batch mixing
1000:364 compatibilities are fitted into porcelain ball, and dry grinding is all released after 2 hours, and porcelain ball is returned in ball mill, and milling is placed in wet rolling machine altogether
Or in forced mixer, add dilute resin rolling of total amount of abrasive 4-6wt% or mixed 5-10 minutes discharging green compact, dilute resin is by phenol
The mass ratio of urea formaldehyde and ethylene glycol composition, phenolic resin and ethylene glycol is 1：(3-4), briquetting pressure 100-150MPa.
Green body is placed in tunnel kiln car or enters in down-draft kiln, is roasted, is warming up to green body with the heating rate of 30-50 DEG C/h
2-8 hours are kept the temperature after 1500 DEG C and stops heating, and bulk density can be obtained up to 2.8-3.2g/cm after being cooled to room temperature3Function sintering
Corundum raw material is broken into each specification granularity and subdivision according to requirements.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of raw material of function alundum, it is characterised in that：Grinding grade alumina is restored with excessive metal Al powder and/or is forged
Burn the SiO in kaolin2、Fe2O3And TiO2, in the raw material of the function alundum：The mass ratio of Si, Al is（3-4）：1, Si
The 8-12wt% of function alundum gross mass, Fe contents are accounted for the quality sum of Al<1wt%, Ti content are 2-4wt%, Al2O3Contain
Amount is 75-90wt%, bulk density 2.8-3.2g/cm3。
2. a kind of production method of function alundum raw material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Including following step
Suddenly：
A：Raw material is ground
Will grinding grade alumina and calcined kaolin to be ground to 300-600 mesh respectively spare, detection grinding grade alumina and/or calcining are high
SiO in the soil of ridge2、Fe2O3And TiO2Amount, be added Al powder, the quality of Al powder according to Si, Al in function alundum amount according to
Mass conservation law is calculated, and makes the mass ratio of Si, Al in target product be（3-4）：The quality sum of 1, Si and Al accounts for function burning
Tie the 8-12wt% of corundum gross mass；
It will dry grind in the ball mill for having corundum ball in grinding grade calcined bauxite in powder/calcined kaolin powder and the addition of Al powder, dry grind 2h
Blowing afterwards；
B：Wet rolling
Wet rolling machine or forced mixer is added in the mixed powder obtained in step A, dilute phenolic aldehyde tree is added into mixed powder
Fat wet mixing 5-10min, the addition of dilute phenolic resin are the 4-6% of mixed powder quality；
C：Green compact
By the wet mixed feed in step B, green compact, obtained green body are fitted into tunnel kiln car or enter in down-draft kiln at 100-150MPa, with
The heating rate of 30-50 DEG C/h roasts green body, burns to 1500-1550 DEG C, is cooled down after keeping the temperature 2-8h, to base after cooling
Body is crushed, is milled.
3. a kind of production method of function alundum raw material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is ground in step A
Grind Al in grade alumina2O3Content>80wt%, Fe2O3Content<1.5wt%, TiO2Content is 2-4wt%.
4. a kind of production method of function alundum raw material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is forged in step A
Burn Al in kaolin2O3Content>45wt%, Al2O3+ SiO2>=98wt%, Fe2O3<1.0wt%, TiO2=2-3wt%, bulk density are
2.1-2.35g/cm3。
5. a kind of production method of function alundum raw material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The step B
In dilute phenolic resin be made of phenolic resin and ethylene glycol, the mass ratio of the phenolic resin and ethylene glycol is 1：（3-4）.
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| CN112456984A (en) * | 2020-12-07 | 2021-03-09 | 海城利尔麦格西塔材料有限公司 | Magnesium spinel castable for ladle bottom and preparation method thereof |
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