CN108581181A - A kind of processing method of Thermit Welds in Rails hurt - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of Thermit Welds in Rails hurt Download PDFInfo
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- CN108581181A CN108581181A CN201810344915.2A CN201810344915A CN108581181A CN 108581181 A CN108581181 A CN 108581181A CN 201810344915 A CN201810344915 A CN 201810344915A CN 108581181 A CN108581181 A CN 108581181A
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 101100459319 Arabidopsis thaliana VIII-2 gene Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 13
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002929 anti-fatigue Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K23/00—Alumino-thermic welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of processing method of railway track joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt, including：Along rail long axis direction, cutting includes the weldering muscle of hurt, and after residue weldering muscle is polishing to profile of steel rail, aluminum weld operation is carried out at original weldering muscle again by width 30mm.According to the position of hurt, the weldering muscle of hurt is included by a kind of cutting in following two modes：A. hurt is located at weldering muscle center, and along rail long axis direction, from weldering muscle center to both sides, respectively symmetrically muscle 15mm is welded in cutting, cuts off hurt weldering muscle 30mm altogether；B. hurt deviates weldering muscle center, amounts to the weldering muscle of 30mm comprising hurt to offside cutting by weldering muscle a side genesis along rail long axis direction.Thermit Welds in Rails hurt processing method provided by the invention does not increase the quantity of plumb joint, and the equipment of accepted standard aluminum weld is easily installed and operates, and satisfaction at present efficiently fast and safely requires railway, especially high-speed railway.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to railroad tracks and metal welding techniques field, and in particular to a kind of new convenient, fast, economical
The processing method of railway track joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt.
Background technology
Rail aluminothermy welding technology have many advantages, such as equipment be simple and convenient to operate, the activity duration it is short, become circuit, track switch without
Seamization and the important welding method of broken rail reparation.Since exothermic welding belongs to casting weldering, exothermic welding molten steel is filled in tape welding rail
Cavity in, welding need not stretch rail, particularly suitable for track switch welding and skylight point repair welds.Especially track switch is welded
It connects, rail aluminum weld is unique welding method that newly-built high-speed railway switch welding uses at present.
But it is about 2%~5% that rail aluminum weld, which once welds disqualification rate,.And in circuit continuous service, weldering
Connector also will appear hurt.Caused connector hurt no matter what kind of situation it is, it is necessary to handle as early as possible, just can guarantee construct into
Degree or traffic safety.Traditionally, it for unqualified connector on circuit, all using the method for being inserted into short rail, i.e., is connect underproof
Head both ends respectively extend several rice, and cutting is sawed-off, be inserted into one section of same length new rail (generally have 6.25m, 12.5m or
Length different 25m etc.), aluminum weld is carried out again at the both ends of new rail respectively；For the upper underproof connector of track switch, then adopt
With the method for replacing track switch.Above-mentioned processing method, both increases the quantity of plumb joint (weld seam), has both increased the work of connector flaw detection
It measures, also adds the risk of the new hurt caused by welding is unqualified；On the other hand, lifting rail must use large scale equipment,
Such as steel rail transport train, special hoisting equipment cause that time-consuming and problem of high cost.
Therefore, it is necessary to study develop a kind of convenient, fast, economic railway track joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt newly
Processing method.
Invention content
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of processing of new railway track joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt
Method.This method does not increase plumb joint quantity, and low for equipment requirements, easy to operate.
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, present invention employs the following technical solutions：
A kind of processing method of railway track joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt, the hurt are located inside weldering muscle, and width is not more than
30mm；It the treating method comprises：Along rail long axis direction, cutting includes the weldering muscle of hurt, width 30mm, residue weldering muscle polishing
To profile of steel rail, aluminum weld operation is carried out again at original weldering muscle.
Preferably, according to the position of hurt, the weldering muscle of hurt is included by a kind of cutting in following two modes：
A. hurt is located at weldering muscle center, and along rail long axis direction, from weldering muscle center to both sides, respectively symmetrically muscle is welded in cutting
15mm cuts off hurt weldering muscle 30mm altogether；
B. hurt deviates weldering muscle center, along rail long axis direction, by weldering muscle a side genesis, includes hurt to offside cutting
The weldering muscle of total 30mm.
Preferably, the processing method further includes：After cutting, rail-end to be welded is cleared up.
Preferably, described to carry out aluminum weld operation again at original weldering muscle, using rail standard weld exothermic welding
Welding procedure；Design parameter includes：Preheating propane pressure is 0.08~0.10MPa, and oxygen pressure is 0.25~0.30MPa, in advance
The flame core length of thermal-flame is 20~30mm, preheater 48~52mm of height, 6~7min of preheating time；After aluminothermy pouring molten steel
Form removal when 6min~6min30s, when 8min~8min30s, push away tumor.
The operating procedure of " aluminum weld " of the present invention, is well known to those skilled in the art；Such as it generally comprises
Following operation：
(1) sand mold is installed：The end of two one steel rails to be welded is placed in sand mold；Sand mold is fixed on rail,
The left and right both ends for sealing sand mold, so that sand mold inside is formed only top the chamber of opening, and the end of two rail is located at chamber
It is interior；
(2) end preheats：Using the mixed gas of propane and oxygen as burning gases, by preheating lance in sand mold
End is preheated, until the end of two one steel rails to be welded is in shiny red and uniform up and down；
(3) aluminum heat flux is poured into a mould：After the completion of the preheating of end, the crucible equipped with solder flux is placed on the sand mold immediately and is open
Top, make the sprue gate corresponding opening of crucible；The high-temperature match being arranged among aluminum heat flux is lighted, it is anti-to cause aluminothermy chemistry
Answer, the aluminothermy molten steel fusion crucible bottom of generation from fused plug, immediately by it is described opening pour into sand mold, then form removal pushes away
Tumor.
As preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a kind of processing method of railway track joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt, institute
It states hurt to be located inside weldering muscle, the method includes operating procedures in detail below：
I. it detects a flaw to the joint made by alumino-thermal weldin for having hurt, determines hurt position；
II. it is welded at muscle center as hurt is located at, along rail long axis direction, from weldering muscle center to both sides, respectively symmetrically cutting is welded
Muscle 15mm cuts off hurt weldering muscle 30mm altogether；If hurt deviates weldering muscle center, along rail long axis direction, self-brazing muscle side is risen, to right
Lateral incision steamed sandwich amounts to the weldering muscle of 30mm containing hurt；
III. cutting tip is observed and is detected a flaw, it is ensured that hurt is by complete resection；
IV. it polishes remaining weldering muscle, keeps weldering muscle portion position smooth, it is consistent with profile of steel rail；
V. it is cleaned to rail-end and along rail length direction, removes the surface attachments such as removing rust, greasy dirt；Along rail
The cleaning of length direction is not less than 200mm；
VI. rail is to just：
VI-1. it utilizes and rail tool is paved rail to be welded, adjust arch camber amount, it is ensured that joint area is to just；
VI-2. rail gap size is adjusted to 28~30mm；
VII. weld preparation：
VII-1., sand mold and sand mold fixture are installed, so that the end of two rail is located in chamber, and be tightly attached to sand mold inner wall
On；
Joint sealing material is equably encapsulated at the gap of sand mold fixture by VII-2. joint sealing；
VII-3., slag bucket is installed, appropriate dry sand or sand mold disintegrating slag are put in slag bucket, the slag bucket, which is placed on sand mold, slags tap
At mouthful, shunting plug is positioned over spare nearby；
VII-4. check whether Single-use crucible has breakage, whether cast position is normal, is carried out to the floating sand of sidewall of crucible clear
Reason；
VII-5. aluminum heat flux packaging is opened, aluminum heat flux is poured into crucible, high-temperature match is placed on the aluminothermy
The centre of solder flux；Crucible cover is covered, prevent from knocking the aluminum heat flux over or has foreign matter to drop into crucible；
VIII. it preheats：
VIII-1. the height of preheater holder is adjusted, adjustment support angle ensures preheater heating mouth alignment rail gap center；
VIII-2. flame is lighted and adjusted, the flow of propane flammable gas and oxygen is gradually increased, until pre- thermal-flame is in blue, third
The pressure of alkane gas is 0.08~0.10MPa, and the pressure of oxygen is 0.25~0.30MPa；
VIII-3. preheater is placed on the preheater holder regulated, 6~7min of preheating time, is noted in warm
Meaning observation preheating situation, ensures the correct position of preheater at any time；
VIII-4. the end of two one steel rails to be welded be in shiny red and it is uniform up and down when, preheating complete；Lift preheating
Device turns off rapidly propane flammable gas, turns off oxygen after fire extinguishing；
IX. it casts aluminum heat flux：Shunting plug is put into sand mold, the crucible equipped with solder flux, which is placed on the sand mold, immediately opens
The top of mouth, makes the sprue gate corresponding opening of crucible；The high-temperature match being arranged among aluminum heat flux is lighted, aluminothermy chemistry is caused
Reaction, the aluminothermy molten steel fusion crucible bottom of generation from fused plug, immediately by it is described opening pour into sand mold；
X. form removal and tumor is pushed away：Sand mold side form and bottom plate support dismounting (are torn open when 6min~6min30s after aluminothermy pouring molten steel
Mould)；Postwelding rail head redundance metal is removed and (pushes away tumor) by 8min~8min30s after aluminothermy pouring molten steel；
XI. it polishes：Welded Joints are slightly polished, and smart polishing and/or weldering are carried out after postwelding connector is cooled to room temperature
The dressing operation of connector.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide above-mentioned processing methods in processing railway long rail or railway switch aluminothermy
Application in plumb joint hurt, the hurt are located in weldering muscle, and width is no more than 30mm.
In the present specification, if without it is manifestly intended that, a numerical point, such as " 30mm ", indicate this numerical value ±
10%, preferably ± 7%, the numerical value in more preferable ± 5% range.For example, described above, " along rail long axis direction, cutting includes
The rail of hurt, width 30mm " refer to that " along rail long axis direction, cutting includes the rail of hurt, width 30 ± 3mm, excellent
Select width 30 ± 2.1mm, more preferable 30 ± 1.5mm of width.”
The aluminum heat flux for exothermic welding is generally adapted with the chemical composition of rail to be welded, such as publication number
Aluminum weld material was all recorded in the application for a patent for invention of CN104625480A, CN105364299A.Those skilled in the art
Know according to the adaptable aluminum heat flux of the different chemical compositions of rail to be welded selection.
By test, the performance of the plumb joint obtained using two kinds of cutting modes of the present invention can meet relevant industries
It is required that such as the regulation of TB/T 1632.3-2014.
The processing method of the Thermit Welds in Rails hurt provided by the invention, be suitable for gapless line thermetic weld and
The hurt of railway switch thermetic weld (joint made by alumino-thermal weldin), and hurt is no more than 30mm.If finding that hurt is more than by flaw detection
30mm, such as 40mm or wider should then be handled in such a way that wide weld seam, the short rail of insertion, replacement track switch etc. are traditional.
For the hurt of gapless line, present invention employs the thinkings different from traditional rail defects and failures processing method, i.e., not
The cutting (length for generally having 6.25m, 12.5m or 25m etc. different) of long range is carried out, only excision complies with standard exothermic welding
The rail (only 30mm, practical still within the scope of original weldering muscle) comprising hurt of weld width, is tradition cutting rail length
0.48%~0.12%, save maintenance cost.
Rail aluminum weld is the unique method of newly-built high-speed railway switch welding.Currently, Thermit Welds in Rails is primary
Disqualification rate of detecting a flaw is about 2%~5%.By taking Cheng Mianle inter-city passenger rails as an example, circuit shares 135 exothermic welding track switch connectors；Then
Underproof connector may have 3~7 after first welding.According to conventional processing method, entire track switch is needed replacing.It replaces
Track switch procurement cycle is long, and operating expenses is high, serious shadow construction speed.And use method provided by the invention, so that it may to exempt
Track switch is replaced, and repair time shortens dramatically.
Thermit Welds in Rails hurt processing method provided by the invention, the equipment of accepted standard aluminum weld are convenient for
Installation and operation, are not necessarily to large scale equipment admission, can realize rapid rush-repair and be open to traffic as early as possible, to ensure that train travel is pacified
Entirely, meet and railway, especially high-speed railway are efficiently fast and safely required at present.
Description of the drawings
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
The photo of Fig. 1 shows heartcut mode when being welded again in embodiment 1.
The photo of Fig. 2 shows unilateral cutting mode when being welded again in embodiment 1.
The photo of Fig. 3 shows the photo for the first plumb joint that embodiment 1 obtains.
The photo of Fig. 4 shows the photo of the multiple plumb joint obtained after the heartcut that embodiment 1 obtains.
The photo of Fig. 5 shows the photo of the multiple plumb joint obtained after the unilateral cutting that embodiment 1 obtains.
Fig. 6 shows rail head (below tread at the 10mm) Rockwell hardness (unit for three kinds of plumb joints that embodiment 1 obtains
HRC) distribution map, wherein " ■ " represents just plumb joint, " ▲ " represents the multiple plumb joint obtained after unilateral cutting, and "×" represents center
The multiple plumb joint obtained after cutting.
Fig. 7 shows the web of the rail (below tread at the 85mm) hardness distribution for three kinds of plumb joints that embodiment 1 obtains,
In " ■ " represent just plumb joint, " ▲ " represents the unilateral multiple plumb joint obtained after cutting, and "×", which represents, to be obtained after heartcut
Multiple plumb joint.
Fig. 8 shows the flange of rail (below tread at the 165mm) hardness distribution for three kinds of plumb joints that embodiment 1 obtains,
Wherein " ■ " represents just plumb joint, and " ▲ " represents the multiple plumb joint obtained after unilateral cutting, and "×" obtains after representing heartcut
Multiple plumb joint.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only
For illustrating the present invention, do not limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Experimental method in following embodiments is unless otherwise specified conventional method.Examination as used in the following examples
Agent, material etc. are commercially available products unless otherwise specified.
The processing of 1 laboratory simulation joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt of embodiment
(1) U75V rail 102 is taken, every 0.7 meter of root long degree；It matches two-by-two, using ZTK-1 type ZTK-1 type aluminum welds
Material is welded according to standard exothermic welding：
A. it is cleaned to rail-end and along rail length direction, removes the surface attachments such as removing rust, greasy dirt；Along rail
The cleaning of length direction is not less than 200mm；
B. rail is to just：
B-1. it utilizes and rail tool is paved rail to be welded, adjust arch camber amount, it is ensured that joint area is to just；
B-2. the gap between rail is adjusted to 30mm；
C. weld preparation：
C-1., sand mold and sand mold fixture are installed, so that the end of two rail is located in chamber, and be tightly attached on sand mold inner wall；
Joint sealing material is equably encapsulated at the gap of sand mold fixture by C-2. joint sealing；
C-3., slag bucket is installed, appropriate dry sand or sand mold disintegrating slag are put in slag bucket, the slag bucket is placed on sand mold slag notch
Place places shunting plug spare nearby；
C-4. check whether Single-use crucible has breakage, whether cast position is normal, clears up the floating sand of sidewall of crucible；
C-5. aluminum heat flux packaging is opened, aluminum heat flux is poured into crucible, high-temperature match is placed on the exothermic welding
The centre of agent；Crucible cover is covered, prevent from knocking the aluminum heat flux over or has foreign matter to drop into crucible；
D. it preheats：
D-1. the height of preheater holder is adjusted, adjustment support angle ensures preheater heating mouth alignment rail gap center；
D-2. flame is lighted and adjusted, the flow of propane flammable gas and oxygen is gradually increased, until pre- thermal-flame is in blue, propane flammable gas
Pressure be 0.08~0.10MPa, the pressure of oxygen is 0.25~0.30MPa；
D-3. preheater is placed on the preheater holder regulated, 6~7min of preheating time, pays attention to seeing in warm
Preheating situation is examined, ensures the correct position of preheater at any time；
D-4. the end of two one steel rails to be welded be in shiny red and it is uniform up and down when, preheating complete；Lift preheater,
Turn off propane flammable gas rapidly, turns off oxygen after fire extinguishing；
E. it casts aluminum heat flux：Shunting plug is put into sand mold, the crucible equipped with solder flux is placed on the sand mold immediately
The top of opening makes the sprue gate corresponding opening of crucible；The high-temperature match being arranged among aluminum heat flux is lighted, aluminothermy is caused
Learn reaction, the aluminothermy molten steel fusion crucible bottom of generation from fused plug, immediately by it is described opening pour into sand mold；
F. form removal and tumor is pushed away：Sand mold side form and bottom plate support dismounting (are torn open when 6min~6min30s after aluminothermy pouring molten steel
Mould)；Postwelding rail head redundance metal is removed and (pushes away tumor) by 8min~8min30s after aluminothermy pouring molten steel；
G. it polishes：Welded Joints are slightly polished, and smart polishing is carried out after postwelding connector is cooled to room temperature and welding connects
The dressing operation of head.
(2) it detects a flaw to weld seam, does not find weld seam hurt；Appointing takes 17 piece-root grafting heads spare as first plumb joint.
(3) remaining 34 piece-root grafting head carries out weldering muscle cutting：
I. 17 piece-root grafting heads are taken, along rail long axis direction, the weldering muscle (center that muscle center both sides amount to 30mm is welded in symmetrically cutting
Cutting), see Fig. 1；
Ii. remaining 17 piece-root grafting head is taken, along rail long axis direction, from muscle is welded in side, is cut to offside and amounts to 30mm's
Muscle (unilateral side cutting) is welded, sees Fig. 2.
(4) it polishes remaining weldering muscle, keeps weldering muscle portion position smooth, without protrusion.
(5) it is cleaned to rail-end and along rail length direction, removes the surface attachments such as removing rust, greasy dirt；Along steel
The cleaning of rail length direction is not less than 200mm；
(6) rail is to just：
I. it utilizes and rail tool is paved rail to be welded, adjust arch camber amount, it is ensured that joint area is to just；
Ii. rail gap size is adjusted to 30mm.
(7) weld preparation：
I., sand mold and sand mold fixture are installed, so that the end of two rail is located in chamber, and be tightly attached on sand mold inner wall；
Joint sealing material is equably encapsulated at the gap of sand mold fixture by ii. joint sealing；
Iii., slag bucket is installed, appropriate dry sand or sand mold disintegrating slag are put in slag bucket, the slag bucket is placed on sand mold slag notch
Place places shunting plug spare nearby；
Iv. check whether Single-use crucible has breakage, whether cast position is normal, clears up the floating sand of sidewall of crucible；
V. aluminum heat flux packaging is opened, aluminum heat flux is poured into crucible, high-temperature match is placed on the aluminum heat flux
Centre；Crucible cover is covered, prevent from knocking the aluminum heat flux over or has foreign matter to drop into crucible.
(8) it preheats：
I. the height of preheater holder is adjusted, adjustment support angle ensures preheater heating mouth alignment rail gap center；
Ii. flame is lighted and adjusted, the flow of propane flammable gas and oxygen is gradually increased, until pre- thermal-flame is in blue, propane flammable gas
Pressure be 0.08~0.10MPa, the pressure of oxygen is 0.25~0.30MPa；
Iii. preheater is placed on the preheater holder regulated, 6~7min of preheating time, pays attention to seeing in warm
Preheating situation is examined, ensures the correct position of preheater at any time；
Iv. the end of two one steel rails to be welded be in shiny red and it is uniform up and down when, preheating complete；Lift preheater,
Turn off propane flammable gas rapidly, turns off oxygen after fire extinguishing.
(9) casting aluminum heat flux：Shunting plug is put into sand mold, the crucible equipped with solder flux is placed on the sand mold immediately
The top of opening makes the sprue gate corresponding opening of crucible；The high-temperature match being arranged among aluminum heat flux is lighted, aluminothermy is caused
Learn reaction, the aluminothermy molten steel fusion crucible bottom of generation from fused plug, immediately by it is described opening pour into sand mold；
(10) form removal and tumor is pushed away：Sand mold side form and bottom plate support are removed into (form removal) when 6min30s after aluminothermy pouring molten steel；
Postwelding rail head redundance metal is removed and (pushes away tumor) by 8min30s after aluminothermy pouring molten steel；
(11) it polishes：Welded Joints are slightly polished, and smart polishing and welding are carried out after postwelding connector is cooled to room temperature
The dressing operation of connector.
The multiple plumb joint performance measurement that the hurt processing method of the test case present invention obtains
The first plumb joint that is obtained to embodiment 1, heartcut answer plumb joint and the multiple plumb joint of unilateral cutting is carried out at the same time
Following performance measurement：
1. quiet curved strength test
Above-mentioned each welding point 10 is chosen respectively, according to TB/T 1632-2014《Rail welding》It is quiet curved strong to carry out connector
Degree test, the results are shown in Table 1.
The quiet curved strength test results of table 1
1 data of table are shown：Multiple plumb joint is obtained using two kinds of cutting modes, quiet curved intensity is suitable with first plumb joint,
Meet current standard and requires (TB/T 1632.3-2014).
2. fatigue test
Above-mentioned each welding point 3 is chosen respectively, according to TB/T 1632-2014《Rail welding》Fatigue test is carried out, it is tired
Labor load is 350kN/70kN, and test frequency 5.5Hz, test specimen offset distance is 1m, and weld seam is placed in the middle, and rail head is upward, and three types connect
Head passes through 2,000,000 testing fatigues.The results are shown in Table 2.
2 fatigue property test result of table
2 data of table are shown：Multiple plumb joint, phase of the anti-fatigue performance with first plumb joint are obtained using two kinds of cutting modes
When, meet current standard require (TB/T 1632.3-2014).
3. hardness test
Above-mentioned each welding point 1 is chosen respectively, according to TB/T 1632-2014《Rail welding》Carry out hardness test, knot
Fruit is shown in Table 3.
3 connector hardness test result of table
3 data of table are shown：Multiple plumb joint is obtained using two kinds of cutting modes, connector hardness is suitable with first plumb joint,
Meet current standard and requires (TB/T 1632.3-2014).
4. softened zone is tested
Above-mentioned each welding point 1 is chosen respectively, according to TB/T 1632-2014《Rail welding》Carry out plumb joint softening
Area tests, and the results are shown in Table shown in 4.
4 welding joint softened area test result of table
4 data of table are shown：Multiple weldering plumb joint, the width of plumb joint softened zone and just welding are obtained using two kinds of cutting modes
The softening sector width of head does not have marked difference, meets current standard and requires (TB/T1632.3-2014).In addition, with first plumb joint
It compares, 4mm and 5mm, the multiple weldering of unilateral side cutting is respectively reduced using softening sector width at left and right sides of the multiple plumb joint of heartcut
Softening sector width respectively reduces 1mm and 7mm at left and right sides of connector.
5. tensile property measures
Above-mentioned each welding point 1 is chosen respectively, according to TB/T 1632-2014《Rail welding》Carry out tensile property survey
Fixed, at each connector sampling 9, concrete outcome is as shown in table 5.
5 bond pull performance measurement result of table
The data of table 5 show that three types bond pull performance is satisfied by current standard and requires (TB/T1632.3-
2014).In addition, heartcut answers plumb joint average tensile strength welds head height 23MPa compared to just weldering；The multiple plumb joint of unilateral side cutting
Average tensile strength welds head height 5MPa compared to just weldering.
Above-mentioned items test result shows the plumb joint that processing rail defects and failures method of the invention obtains, and meets existing mark
Accurate requirements；Not only suitable with the performance of first plumb joint, some indexs are even better, such as tensile property, softened zone etc..
And two kinds of cutting modes weld butt joint performance and do not influence again.
6. the comparison of plumb joint low power pattern
Above-mentioned each welding point 1 is chosen respectively, is sampled along rail direction, and sample length is more than 230mm, visually observes edge
The fusion area change width in rail direction, first plumb joint visually observe pattern (low power pattern) as shown in figure 3, heartcut is welded again
Connector is low visually observe pattern (low power pattern) as shown in figure 4, unilateral cutting multiple plumb joint is low visually observes pattern (low power shape
Looks) as shown in Figure 5.
From figure 3, it can be seen that just the distance between plumb joint rail head position zone of transformation is most wide, and below tread at 10mm, two
Width between the white light tone zone of transformation of item is 120mm；The distance between web of the rail position zone of transformation is most narrow, at tread 85mm, two
Width is 110mm between the white light tone zone of transformation of item；The distance between flange of rail zone of transformation is placed in the middle, the 10mm above away from flange of rail lower surface
Locate, the width between two white light tone zone of transformation is 115mm.
From fig. 4, it can be seen that heartcut is answered, plumb joint low power pattern is similar with first plumb joint, but between zone of transformation away from
From having increased slightly.The distance between rail head position zone of transformation is most wide, below away from tread at 10mm, two white light tone zone of transformation it
Between width be 125mm；The distance between web of the rail position zone of transformation is slightly narrow, at tread 85mm, two white light tone zone of transformation it
Between width be 110mm；The distance between flange of rail zone of transformation is identical as the web of the rail, and above away from flange of rail lower surface at 10mm, two white
Width between light tone zone of transformation is 110mm.
From fig. 5, it can be seen that the unilateral multiple plumb joint low power pattern of cutting and original welding point have a difference, left side it is white bright
Color region is the former zone of transformation for not cutting off side, and right side is respectively 1 welding zone of transformation and 2 welding zone of transformation, that is, is being cut off
There are two white light tone zone of transformation in hurt side.The distance between rail head position zone of transformation is most wide, below away from tread at 10mm,
Former zone of transformation and 1 welding zone of transformation distance 120mm, former zone of transformation and 2 welding zone of transformation distances are 135mm；Web of the rail position
The distance between zone of transformation is slightly narrow, at tread 85mm, former zone of transformation and 1 time welding zone of transformation distance 110mm, former zone of transformation with
2 times welding zone of transformation distance is 120mm；The distance between flange of rail zone of transformation is most narrow, former above away from flange of rail lower surface at 10mm
Zone of transformation and 1 welding zone of transformation distance 105mm, former zone of transformation and 2 welding zone of transformation distances are 115mm.
By upper comparison as it can be seen that by multiple postwelding, although two kinds of cutting modes can increase plumb joint both sides zone of transformation distance,
The connector low power pattern respectively obtained is not much different with first plumb joint.
7. plumb joint hardness distribution statistics
Above-mentioned each welding point 1 is chosen respectively, according to three rail head, the web of the rail, flange of rail position classification, by three types aluminium
The distribution of hot weld connector hardness is counted and is mapped, as shown in Figure 6 to 8.
7.1 rail head
Rail head (below tread at 10mm) hardness distribution is as shown in fig. 6, the rail head hardness of three types joint made by alumino-thermal weldin is divided
The basic indifference of cloth curve.As seen from the figure, Weld pipe mill hardness is relatively low, and the hardness that extends outwardly gradually increases, when in weld seam
Hardness highest when 45~50mm of the heart, subsequent hardness reduce, and softened zone is present in Weld pipe mill about 55~65mm.In distance
For Weld pipe mill 75mm with exterior domain, hardness distribution is close with U75V rail base materials.
7.2 the web of the rail
The web of the rail (below tread at 85mm) hardness distribution is as shown in fig. 7, the web of the rail hardness of three types joint made by alumino-thermal weldin is divided
Cloth curve difference is little.As seen from the figure, Weld pipe mill hardness is relatively low, and the hardness that extends outwardly gradually increases, when apart from Weld pipe mill
Hardness highest when 30~35mm, subsequent hardness reduce, and softened zone is present in Weld pipe mill about 55~60mm.It is welded in distance
For seam center 80mm with exterior domain, hardness distribution is close with U75V rail base materials.
7.3 the flange of rail
The flange of rail (below tread at 165mm) hardness distribution is as shown in figure 8, the flange of rail hardness of three types joint made by alumino-thermal weldin is divided
Cloth curve difference is little.As seen from the figure, Weld pipe mill hardness is relatively low, and the hardness that extends outwardly gradually increases, when apart from Weld pipe mill
Hardness highest when 35~40mm, subsequent hardness reduce, and softened zone is present in Weld pipe mill about 45~55mm.It is welded in distance
For seam center 80mm with exterior domain, hardness distribution is close with U75V rail base materials.
Comprehensive connector hardness distribution results can be seen that the present invention two kinds of cutting modes answer the distribution of postwelding connector hardness and
First plumb joint difference is little, hardness profile and low power consistent appearance.
Conclusion：
Being detected by above-mentioned properties proves, the multiple plumb joint properties that processing method using the present invention obtains refer to
Mark is consistent with first plumb joint, and two kinds of cutting modes do not influence the performance of multiple plumb joint.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of processing method of railway track joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt, the hurt is located inside weldering muscle, and width is not more than
30mm；It the treating method comprises：Along rail long axis direction, cutting includes the weldering muscle of hurt, width 30mm, residue weldering muscle polishing
To profile of steel rail, aluminum weld operation is carried out again at original weldering muscle.
2. processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that following two by being selected from according to the position of hurt
A kind of cutting in mode includes the weldering muscle of hurt：
A. hurt is located at weldering muscle center, and along rail long axis direction, from weldering muscle center to both sides, respectively symmetrically muscle 15mm is welded in cutting,
Excision hurt weldering muscle 30mm altogether；
B. hurt deviates weldering muscle center, total comprising hurt to offside cutting by weldering muscle a side genesis along rail long axis direction
The weldering muscle of 30mm.
3. processing method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the processing method further includes：It is right after cutting
Rail-end to be welded is cleared up.
4. processing method according to any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that it is described original weldering muscle at again into
Row aluminum weld operation, using rail standard weld exothermic welding welding procedure；Design parameter includes：Preheating propane pressure is
0.08~0.10MPa, oxygen pressure are 0.25~0.30MPa, and the flame core length of pre- thermal-flame is 20~30mm, preheater height
48~52mm, 6~7min of preheating time；Form removal when 6min~6min30s, 8min~8min30s after aluminothermy pouring molten steel
When push away tumor.
5. a kind of processing method of railway track joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt, the hurt is located inside weldering muscle, the method includes
Operating procedure in detail below：
I. it detects a flaw to the joint made by alumino-thermal weldin for having hurt, determines hurt position；
II. it is welded at muscle center as hurt is located at, along rail long axis direction, from weldering muscle center to both sides, respectively symmetrically muscle is welded in cutting
15mm cuts off hurt weldering muscle 30mm altogether；If hurt deviates weldering muscle center, along rail long axis direction, self-brazing muscle side is risen, to offside
Cutting amounts to the weldering muscle of 30mm comprising hurt；
III. cutting tip is observed and is detected a flaw, it is ensured that hurt is by complete resection；
IV. it polishes remaining weldering muscle, keeps weldering muscle portion position smooth, it is consistent with profile of steel rail；
V. it is cleaned to rail-end and along rail length direction, removes the surface attachments such as removing rust, greasy dirt；Along rail length
The cleaning in direction is not less than 200mm；
VI. rail is to just：
VI-1. it utilizes and rail tool is paved rail to be welded, adjust arch camber amount, it is ensured that joint area is to just；
VI-2. rail gap size is adjusted to 28~30mm；
VII. weld preparation：
VII-1., sand mold and sand mold fixture are installed, so that the end of two rail is located in chamber, and be tightly attached on sand mold inner wall；
Joint sealing material is equably encapsulated at the gap of sand mold fixture by VII-2. joint sealing；
VII-3., slag bucket is installed, appropriate dry sand or sand mold disintegrating slag are put in slag bucket, the slag bucket is placed at sand mold slag notch,
Shunting plug is positioned over spare nearby；
VII-4. check whether Single-use crucible has breakage, whether cast position is normal, clears up the floating sand of sidewall of crucible；
VII-5. aluminum heat flux packaging is opened, aluminum heat flux is poured into crucible, high-temperature match is placed on the aluminum heat flux
Centre；Crucible cover is covered, prevent from knocking the aluminum heat flux over or has foreign matter to drop into crucible；
VIII. it preheats：
VIII-1. the height of preheater holder is adjusted, adjustment support angle ensures preheater heating mouth alignment rail gap center；
VIII-2. flame is lighted and adjusted, the flow of propane flammable gas and oxygen is gradually increased, until pre- thermal-flame is in blue, propane flammable gas
Pressure be 0.08~0.10MPa, the pressure of oxygen is 0.25~0.30MPa；
VIII-3. preheater is placed on the preheater holder regulated, 6~7min of preheating time, pays attention to seeing in warm
Preheating situation is examined, ensures the correct position of preheater at any time；
VIII-4. the end of two one steel rails to be welded be in shiny red and it is uniform up and down when, preheating complete；Lift preheater,
Turn off propane flammable gas rapidly, turns off oxygen after fire extinguishing；
IX. it casts aluminum heat flux：It is put into shunting plug, the crucible equipped with solder flux is placed on to the top of the sand mold opening immediately,
Make the sprue gate corresponding opening of crucible；The high-temperature match being arranged among aluminum heat flux is lighted, causes aluminothermy chemical reaction, generates
Aluminothermy molten steel fusion crucible bottom from fused plug, immediately by it is described opening pour into sand mold；
X. form removal and tumor is pushed away：Sand mold side form and bottom plate support are removed when 6min~6min30s after aluminothermy pouring molten steel；Aluminothermy steel
8min~8min30s removes postwelding rail head redundance metal after water cast；
XI. it polishes：Welded Joints are slightly polished, and smart polishing is carried out after postwelding connector is cooled to room temperature and/or is connect
The dressing operation of head.
6. application of the processing method of claim 1 to 5 in processing railway long rail or railway switch joint made by alumino-thermal weldin hurt,
The hurt is located in weldering muscle, and width is no more than 30mm.
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