CN108580773B - Hydraulic weight forging machine and intelligent control method thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic weight forging machine and intelligent control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108580773B CN108580773B CN201810590577.0A CN201810590577A CN108580773B CN 108580773 B CN108580773 B CN 108580773B CN 201810590577 A CN201810590577 A CN 201810590577A CN 108580773 B CN108580773 B CN 108580773B
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- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010727 cylinder oil Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251131 Sphyrna Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
- B21J7/46—Control devices specially adapted to forging hammers, not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J7/00—Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact
- B21J7/20—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor
- B21J7/22—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers
- B21J7/28—Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor for power hammers operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/02—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member
- F15B11/04—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the speed
- F15B11/046—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the speed depending on the position of the working member
- F15B11/048—Systems essentially incorporating special features for controlling the speed or actuating force of an output member for controlling the speed depending on the position of the working member with deceleration control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B11/00—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
- F15B11/08—Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/02—Servomotor systems with programme control derived from a store or timing device; Control devices therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic hammer forging machine and an intelligent control method thereof, wherein an overweight hammer is configured in the hydraulic hammer forging machine, so that the low-noise striking working condition of the heavy hammer and the slow striking is realized; through the cooperation of the back pressure of the multifunctional air chamber, the energy storage tank, the adjusting tank and the control valves, the adjustment of the change of the upward maximum height and the downward oil drainage energy storage height positions of the piston is added, and the striking energy output by the hammer head is adjusted at will according to the working condition. The purposes of controllable hammer operation, low striking noise, good workpiece forging quality, high working efficiency and good safety are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hydraulic hammer forging machine and an intelligent control method thereof, in particular to a hydraulic loop of the hammer forging machine and an intelligent control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of forging equipment manufacturing.
Background
The traditional electrohydraulic hammer is forging equipment for performing impact molding on forgings by utilizing hydraulic power to drive hammer heads, and is widely applied at home and abroad due to small power load and large impact energy of the configuration. The power transmission mode of the traditional electrohydraulic hammer forging machine is divided into: the single action type, the gas-liquid double action type and the double hydraulic action type are developed to the transmission mode of oil pump-accumulator superposition so far, and the vibration problem of the free forging hammer is solved by adopting a vibration isolator under the anvil base of the free forging hammer to absorb the influence of redundant energy on the base and the environment in the forging process; the noise problem in the free forging hammer striking process is solved, the noise shielding can only be carried out passively, the noise transmission sound level is reduced, and the harm caused by the noise cannot be reduced for an on-site operator. The problems of high noise, small striking force, shallow forging penetration layer, difficulty in controlling the operation of the hammer head and the like still exist in the scheme. Firstly, the hammer head is light in weight, the deformation of the forging piece is small when the forging piece is hit each time, and the core quality of the forging piece cannot be improved; secondly, the hammer head has high workpiece beating speed, and the generated noise and vibration are very large; thirdly, the striking process of the hammer head is uncontrollable, so that the defects of low working efficiency, poor forging quality and the like are caused, and the requirements of modern industry on energy conservation and environmental protection can not be met. The noise in the striking process of the free forging hammer is impact noise, the impact noise is related to the end speed of striking of the forging hammer, and the reduction of the striking speed can effectively reduce the noise level; meanwhile, when the forging hammer strikes, the flowing stress of forging deformation and the strain speed are in an exponential relation, namely the striking speed, the striking speed is reduced, the deformation flowing stress of the forging is reduced, the deformation amount of the forging is increased under the same striking energy, and the quality of the forging is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects pointed out by the background technology, the invention provides a hydraulic hammer forging machine and an intelligent control method thereof, which are used for increasing the mass of a hammer head, reducing the striking speed, ensuring the striking energy and increasing control equipment by arranging the hammer head with ultra-large weight, so that the running speed, the striking frequency and the striking force of the hammer head are effectively controlled, and the purposes of controllable running of the hammer head, low striking noise, good workpiece forging quality, high working efficiency and good safety are realized.
The invention is implemented by the following technical scheme, namely a hydraulic hammer forging machine and an intelligent control method thereof, wherein the hydraulic hammer forging machine comprises: hammer head device, energy storage adjusting device, hydraulic control circuit, hydraulic drive circuit, hydraulic power source, air chamber balance pipeline, intelligent control system, the hammer head device contain: the hydraulic cylinder is a single-rod hydraulic cylinder, the rod cavity is an oil chamber, the rodless cavity is an air chamber, the hammer is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod, the piston filled with pressure oil in the rod cavity drives the hammer to move upwards, when the piston reaches the height position of a first set value, gas in the air chamber is compressed to form back pressure, meanwhile, the upward speed of the hammer is reduced until the hammer stops moving, and the piston is up; the pressure oil in the rod cavity is discharged to return to the oil tank, the piston moves downwards under the action of the back pressure of the air chamber and the combined force of the piston and the weight of the hammer head, and when the piston moves downwards to a second set height position, the pressure oil in the rod cavity enters the energy storage tank; the top of the air chamber is provided with a displacement sensor for measuring the position of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder; the energy storage adjusting device comprises: the device comprises an energy storage tank, a regulating tank and a pressure sensor, wherein the inner cavities of the energy storage tank and the regulating tank are divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber is an air chamber, the lower chamber is a liquid chamber, the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the regulating tank are communicated, a sixth control valve is arranged on a communicated pipeline, and the pressure sensor is arranged in an oil chamber or the air chamber and is used for measuring the pressure in an energy storage regulating device; the hydraulic control circuit includes: the hydraulic pipeline is communicated with the liquid chamber of the energy storage tank, a third control valve is arranged in the hydraulic pipeline, the third control valve is opened, the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber is used for filling pressure oil into the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber or supplying pressure oil into the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, and the energy storage tank is closed; a sixth control valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the adjusting tank and is used for adjusting the pressure of the air in the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the adjusting tank; the hydraulic drive circuit includes: the hydraulic power system comprises a hydraulic power source, a control valve and a hydraulic pipeline, wherein one end of the hydraulic pipeline is communicated with a hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is respectively communicated with the hydraulic power source and an oil tank, a second control valve is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline, which is communicated with the oil tank, of the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, a first control valve is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline, which is communicated with the hydraulic power source, the second control valve is opened, the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber is drained, the second control valve is closed, and the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber stops draining; the first control valve is opened, the hydraulic power source supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, the first control valve is closed, and the hydraulic power source stops supplying pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber; the hydraulic power source is a hydraulic pump or an energy accumulator or the hydraulic pump and the energy accumulator; the air chamber balance pipeline comprises: the air supply device is arranged on the air inlet pipe, when the air pressure in the multifunctional air chamber is lower than a set value, the air supply device supplies air to the multifunctional air chamber, one end of the air outlet pipe is communicated with the multifunctional air chamber, the other end of the air outlet pipe is communicated with the atmosphere, the overflow valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe, and when the air pressure in the multifunctional air chamber exceeds the set value, the overflow valve leaks air; the intelligent control system comprises: the PLC programmable controller, the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor, the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth control valves are electrically connected, and the PLC programmable controller receives signals of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor and instructs corresponding control valves to be opened or closed according to set requirements.
On the other hand, the intelligent control method of the hydraulic hammer forging machine comprises the steps of configuring a hammer head with ultra-large weight, wherein the weight of the hammer head is 2-6 times of that of a traditional electrohydraulic hammer head with the same tonnage, and the striking energy is the same as that of the traditional electrohydraulic forging hammer, so that the workpiece obtains ultra-large hammer head pressure under the working condition of low-speed and low-noise striking of the hammer head; the running speed of the hammer head is adjusted by setting the initial pressure of the multifunctional air chamber in a matched mode, and the initial response speed of the piston in the descending direction is improved under the action of the back pressure of the multifunctional air chamber; the energy storage tank in the energy storage adjusting device stores pressure oil in the downward process of the hammer head and adjusts the downward speed of the hammer head when needed, and the gas pressure in the air chamber of the adjusting device and the oil quantity in the oil chamber of the adjusting tank are changed, so that the reaction force of the energy storage tank to the pressure oil of the hydraulic cylinder is changed; the difference between the height of the first set value and the height of the second set value is changed, the workpiece striking speed of the hammer head is adjusted, the workpiece striking speed of the hammer head is higher as the difference is larger, the workpiece striking speed of the hammer head is smaller as the difference is smaller, and meanwhile, the potential energy of the hammer head is larger as the first set value is higher, so that the workpiece striking capacity of the hammer head is stronger; the striking energy output by the hammer head can be adjusted at will according to the working condition.
The third control valve is opened, the regulating device supplies oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, the oil pressure in the regulating tank is reduced, when the oil pressure in the regulating tank is reduced to a certain pressure or the hammer head is lifted to a certain position, the third control valve is closed, the first control valve is opened, the hydraulic power source supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, the pressure oil continuously pushes the piston to lift, the piston rod drives the hammer head to reach a first set value height position upwards, the piston compresses gas in the multifunctional air chamber in the process, and the gas in the multifunctional air chamber forms back pressure; the first control valve is closed, the second control valve is opened, pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber is discharged into the oil tank, the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber is enabled to rapidly descend through the pressure of gas in the multifunctional air chamber and the gravity of the hammer head, the pressure oil reaches the height position of the second set value, the second control valve is closed, the third control valve is opened, the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber is pressed into the energy storage tank, the gas in the air chamber of the energy storage tank and the air chamber of the adjusting tank is compressed, the energy of the pressure oil is stored in the energy storage tank, meanwhile, the reaction force of the compressed gas in the air chamber of the energy storage tank and the air chamber of the adjusting tank extrudes the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber through the connecting pipeline, the pressure oil extrudes the piston upwards, and the descending speed of the hammer head is adjusted.
Opening a fourth control valve to close a fifth control valve, and filling the regulating tank with pressurized oil by a hydraulic power source, wherein the oil quantity in the regulating tank is increased; opening a fifth control valve to close a fourth control valve, regulating the tank to discharge oil to the oil tank, and reducing the oil quantity in the regulating tank; the adjusting tank is communicated with the air chamber of the energy storage tank, so that the oil quantity in the adjusting tank is changed through opening and closing of the fourth control valve and the fifth control valve, and the pressure of the energy storage tank, the oil chamber of the adjusting tank and the air chamber can be changed;
and opening a sixth control valve to charge air into the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the regulating tank, increasing the pressure of the air chambers, discharging air outwards, reducing the pressure of the air chambers, and changing the reaction force of the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber by the energy storage regulating device.
Further, one end of the displacement sensor is arranged at the top of the multifunctional air chamber.
Further, blind holes are formed in the piston and the piston rod along the movement direction of the piston, and the other end of the displacement sensor moves relative to the blind holes.
Further, the diameters of the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the adjusting tank are larger than the diameter of the liquid chamber.
In the invention, a limited oil drainage control device is arranged between the hydraulic cylinder and the second control valve, and the hydraulic oil tank, the pressure sensor and the control valve are combined to control the running speed of the hammer head in the unexpected condition in the descending process, so that the safety of equipment, personnel and property is ensured.
The overweight hammer is configured in the invention, so that the low-noise striking working condition of the heavy and slow striking of the hammer is realized; the back pressure of the multifunctional air chamber, the energy storage tank, the adjusting tank, the control valves and the like are cooperated, and the upper height of the piston and the lower oil drainage energy storage height position are adjusted, so that the striking energy output by the hammer head can be adjusted at will according to working condition requirements. The invention has the characteristics of small striking vibration, low noise, large deformation of the workpiece core, good quality, high working efficiency and good safety.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 1: 1 is a hydraulic power source, 2, 7 is an electrohydraulic proportional valve, 3, 10, 11 is a switch valve, 4 is a hammer device, 401 is a hydraulic cylinder, 402 is a piston, 403 is a piston rod, 404 is a hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, 405 is a multifunctional air chamber, 406 is a hammer, 5 is a one-way valve, 6 is a pressure relief valve, 8 is an energy storage tank, 9 is an adjusting tank, 12 is a displacement sensor, 13 is a PLC programmable controller, and 14 is a three-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.
In fig. 2: 1 is a hydraulic power source, 2, 3, 7 and 15 are electrohydraulic proportional valves, 4 is a hammer device, 401 is a hydraulic cylinder body, 402 is a piston, 403 is a piston rod, 404 is a hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, 405 is a multifunctional air chamber, 406 is a hammer, 5 is an air supplementing device, 6 is a pressure relief valve, 8 is an energy storage tank, 9 is an adjusting tank, 10 and 13 are pressure sensors, 12 is a displacement sensor, 11 is a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, 14 is a PLC programmable controller, 16 is a hydraulic oil tank and 17 is a three-position three-way electromagnetic reversing valve.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained below with reference to the attached drawings, and the technical scheme is an embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment one:
as shown in fig. 1, a piston 402, a piston rod 403 and a hydraulic cylinder 401 are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 401, an electro-hydraulic proportional valve 2 is opened, a hydraulic power source 1 supplies pressure oil to a hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404, the pressure oil pushes the piston 402 to move upwards, the piston rod 403 drives a hammer 406 to move upwards and reach a first set value height position, in the process, the piston 402 compresses gas in a multifunctional air chamber 405, and the gas in the multifunctional air chamber 405 forms back pressure; the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 2 is closed, the switch valve 3 is opened, pressurized oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 is discharged into an oil tank, the pressure of gas in the multifunctional air chamber 405 and the gravity of the hammer 406 enable the hammer 406 to rapidly descend, the height reaches a second set value, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 7 is closed, the switch valve 3 is closed, pressurized oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 is pressed into the energy storage tank 8, the gas in the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8 and the air chamber of the adjusting tank 9 is compressed, the energy of the pressurized oil is stored in the energy storage tank 8, meanwhile, the reaction force of the compressed gas in the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8 and the air chamber of the adjusting tank 9 presses the pressurized oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 through a connecting pipeline, the pressurized oil presses the piston 402 upwards, and the descending speed of the hammer 406 is reduced.
Opening the switch valve 10 to close the switch valve 11, and filling the regulating tank 9 with pressurized oil by the hydraulic power source 1, so that the oil amount in the regulating tank 9 is increased; opening the switch valve 11 to close the switch valve 10, discharging the oil to the oil tank from the regulating tank 9, and reducing the oil amount in the regulating tank 9; since the adjustment tank 9 is in communication with the air chamber of the accumulator tank 8, the amount of oil in the adjustment tank 9 is changed by opening and closing the on-off valve 10 and the on-off valve 11; the three-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 14 is electrified on the left way, the air source increases the air charging pressure in the air chambers of the energy storage tank 8 and the regulating tank 9, the three-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 14 is electrified on the right way, the air chamber decreases the outward air discharging pressure, thus the pressure of the oil chamber and the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8, the regulating tank 9 can be changed, and the change of the pressure oil reaction force in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 by the energy storage regulating device can be realized.
The displacement sensor 12 is arranged at the top of the multifunctional air chamber 405, measures the real-time height position of the piston 402, transmits the real-time height position to the PLC 13, and instructs each control valve to open and close according to the set value and the measured value by the PLC 13, so that the pressure of the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 is regulated in real time, and the purpose that the running speed of the hammer head 406 can be regulated at will is realized.
When the piston 402 descends, the pressure in the multifunctional air chamber 405 is lower than a set value under a certain working condition, and the check valve 5 automatically opens air intake; in the process of ascending the piston 402, the pressure in the multifunctional air chamber 405 is higher than a set value under a certain working condition, and the pressure relief valve 6 automatically opens for pressure relief.
Embodiment two:
as shown in fig. 2, a piston 402, a piston rod 403 and a hydraulic cylinder 401 are arranged in the hydraulic cylinder 401, an electro-hydraulic proportional valve 2 is opened, a hydraulic power source 1 supplies pressure oil to a hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404, the pressure oil pushes the piston 402 to move upwards, the piston rod 403 drives a hammer 406 to move upwards and reach a first set value height position, in the process, the piston 402 compresses gas in a multifunctional air chamber 405, and the gas in the multifunctional air chamber 405 forms back pressure; the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 2 is closed, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 3 is opened, pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 is discharged into the hydraulic oil tank 16, the pressure of gas in the multifunctional air chamber 405 and the gravity of the hammer 406 enable the hammer 406 to rapidly descend to reach the height position of the second set value, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 7 is closed, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 3 is opened, the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 is pressed into the energy storage tank 8, the gas in the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8 and the air chamber of the adjusting tank 9 is compressed, the energy of the pressure oil is stored in the energy storage tank 9, meanwhile, the reaction force of the compressed gas in the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8 and the air chamber of the adjusting tank 9 is used for extruding the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 through a connecting pipeline, the pressure oil is upwards extruded into the piston 402, the descending speed of the hammer 406 is reduced, and meanwhile, the oil return tank in the hydraulic oil tank 16 of the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 15 is opened.
The three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 11 is communicated with the hydraulic power source 1, and the hydraulic power source 1 is connected with the regulating tank9Filling pressure oil, and increasing the oil quantity in the regulating tank 9; the three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 11 is communicated with the oil tank, the regulating tank 9 discharges oil to the oil tank, and the oil quantity in the regulating tank 9 is reduced; because the regulating tank 9 is communicated with the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8, the oil quantity in the regulating tank 9 is changed by different connection modes of the three-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 11, so that the pressure of the oil chamber and the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8, the oil chamber of the regulating tank 9 is changed, the air pressure of the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8 and the air chamber of the regulating tank 9 is increased by opening the three-position three-way electromagnetic directional valve 17, the air pressure of the air chamber is reduced by discharging the air outwards, and the pressure of the air chamber of the energy storage tank 8 and the air chamber of the regulating tank 9 is reducedThe strong change realizes the change of the reaction force of the energy storage adjusting device to the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404.
The displacement sensor 12 is arranged at the top of the multifunctional air chamber 405, and measures the real-time height position of the piston 402, transmits the real-time height position to the PLC 14, and instructs each control valve to open and close according to the set value and the measured value by the PLC 14, so that the pressure of the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404 is changed and regulated.
When the piston 402 descends, the pressure in the multifunctional air chamber 405 is lower than a set value under a certain working condition, and the air supplementing device 5 is used for air intake; during the upward movement of the piston 402, the pressure in the multifunctional air chamber 405 is higher than a set value under a certain working condition, and the pressure release valve 6 is opened for air release.
When the piston 402 descends, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 3 is firstly opened to discharge pressure oil into the pressure oil tank 16, the piston 402 descends to a second set height position, the pressure sensor 13 transmits pressure information to the PLC 14 in the process, and when the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor 13 reaches a set value, the PLC 14 instructs the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 3 to be closed to open the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 15, and oil in the pressure oil tank 16 is discharged into the oil tank. This design ensures the safety of the lowering of the hammer head 406.
In the two embodiments, in the initial stage of the upward movement of the piston 402, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 7 is opened first, the pressure oil in the energy storage tank 8 is filled into the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404, the piston 402 moves upward, when the oil pressure in the oil chamber of the energy storage tank 8 decreases to a certain pressure or the hammer 406 moves upward to a certain position, the PLC programmable controller 14 instructs the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 7 to close, the electro-hydraulic proportional valve 2 is opened, the hydraulic power source 1 supplies the pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber 404, and the piston 402 continues to move upward to realize the return stroke.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a hydraulic pressure weight forging machine which characterized in that: the hydraulic hammer comprises a hammer head device, an energy storage adjusting device, a hydraulic control loop, a hydraulic driving loop, a hydraulic power source, an air chamber balance pipeline and an intelligent control system, wherein the hammer head device comprises: the hydraulic cylinder is a single-rod hydraulic cylinder, the rod cavity is an oil chamber, the rodless cavity is an air chamber, the hammer is fixedly connected to one end of the piston rod, the piston filled with pressure oil in the rod cavity drives the hammer to move upwards, when the piston reaches the height position of a first set value, gas in the air chamber is compressed to form back pressure, meanwhile, the upward speed of the hammer is reduced until the hammer stops moving, and the piston is up; the pressure oil in the rod cavity is discharged to return to the oil tank, the piston moves downwards under the action of the back pressure of the air chamber and the combined force of the piston and the weight of the hammer head, and when the piston moves downwards to a second set height position, the pressure oil in the rod cavity enters the energy storage tank; the top of the air chamber is provided with a displacement sensor for measuring the position of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder; the energy storage adjusting device comprises: the device comprises an energy storage tank, a regulating tank and a pressure sensor, wherein the inner cavities of the energy storage tank and the regulating tank are divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the upper chamber is an air chamber, the lower chamber is a liquid chamber, the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the regulating tank are communicated, a sixth control valve is arranged on a communicated pipeline, and the pressure sensor is arranged in an oil chamber or the air chamber and is used for measuring the pressure in an energy storage regulating device; the hydraulic control circuit includes: the hydraulic pipeline is communicated with the liquid chamber of the energy storage tank, a third control valve is arranged in the hydraulic pipeline, the third control valve is opened, the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber is used for filling pressure oil into the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber or supplying pressure oil into the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, and the energy storage tank is closed; a sixth control valve is arranged on a connecting pipeline of the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the adjusting tank and is used for adjusting the pressure of the air in the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the adjusting tank; the hydraulic drive circuit includes: the hydraulic power system comprises a hydraulic power source, a control valve and a hydraulic pipeline, wherein one end of the hydraulic pipeline is communicated with a hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, the other end of the hydraulic pipeline is respectively communicated with the hydraulic power source and an oil tank, a second control valve is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline, which is communicated with the oil tank, of the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, a first control valve is arranged on the hydraulic pipeline, which is communicated with the hydraulic power source, the second control valve is opened, the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber is drained, the second control valve is closed, and the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber stops draining; the first control valve is opened, the hydraulic power source supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, the first control valve is closed, and the hydraulic power source stops supplying pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber; the hydraulic power source is a hydraulic pump or an energy accumulator or the hydraulic pump and the energy accumulator; the air chamber balance pipeline comprises: the air supply device is arranged on the air inlet pipe, when the air pressure in the multifunctional air chamber is lower than a set value, the air supply device supplies air to the multifunctional air chamber, one end of the air outlet pipe is communicated with the multifunctional air chamber, the other end of the air outlet pipe is communicated with the atmosphere, the overflow valve is arranged on the air outlet pipe, and when the air pressure in the multifunctional air chamber exceeds the set value, the overflow valve leaks air; the intelligent control system comprises: the PLC programmable controller, the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor, the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth and the sixth control valves are electrically connected, and the PLC programmable controller receives signals of the displacement sensor and the pressure sensor and instructs corresponding control valves to be opened or closed according to set requirements;
one end of the displacement sensor is arranged at the top of the multifunctional air chamber, blind holes are formed in the piston and the piston rod along the movement direction of the piston, and the other end of the displacement sensor moves relative to the blind holes;
the diameters of the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the adjusting tank are larger than the diameter of the liquid chamber.
2. An intelligent control method for the hydraulic hammer forging machine according to claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the steps of configuring a hammer head with ultra-large weight, wherein the weight of the hammer head is 2-6 times of that of a traditional electro-hydraulic hammer head with the same tonnage, and the striking energy is the same as that of the traditional electro-hydraulic forging hammer, so that the workpiece is subjected to ultra-large hammer head pressure under the working condition of low-speed and low-noise striking of the hammer head; the running speed of the hammer head is adjusted by setting the initial pressure of the multifunctional air chamber in a matched mode, and the initial response speed of the piston in the descending direction is improved under the action of the back pressure of the multifunctional air chamber; the energy storage tank in the energy storage adjusting device stores pressure oil in the downward process of the hammer head and adjusts the downward speed of the hammer head when needed, and the gas pressure in the air chamber of the adjusting device and the oil quantity in the oil chamber of the adjusting tank are changed, so that the reaction force of the energy storage tank to the pressure oil of the hydraulic cylinder is changed; the difference between the height of the first set value and the height of the second set value is changed, the workpiece striking speed of the hammer head is adjusted, the workpiece striking speed of the hammer head is higher as the difference is larger, the workpiece striking speed of the hammer head is smaller as the difference is smaller, and meanwhile, the potential energy of the hammer head is larger as the first set value is higher, so that the workpiece striking capacity of the hammer head is stronger; the striking energy output by the hammer head can be randomly adjusted according to the working condition;
the third control valve is opened, the regulating device supplies oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, the oil pressure in the regulating tank is reduced, when the oil pressure in the regulating tank is reduced to a certain pressure or the hammer head is lifted to a certain position, the third control valve is closed, the first control valve is opened, the hydraulic power source supplies pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber, the pressure oil continuously pushes the piston to lift, the piston rod drives the hammer head to reach a first set value height position upwards, the piston compresses gas in the multifunctional air chamber in the process, and the gas in the multifunctional air chamber forms back pressure; closing a first control valve to open a second control valve, discharging pressure oil in an oil chamber of the hydraulic cylinder into an oil tank, enabling the hammer to rapidly descend by the pressure of gas in a multifunctional air chamber and the gravity of the hammer to reach a height position of a second set value, closing the second control valve to open a third control valve, pressing the pressure oil in the oil chamber of the hydraulic cylinder into an energy storage tank, compressing the gas in the air chamber of the energy storage tank and an air chamber of a regulating tank, storing the energy of the pressure oil in the energy storage tank, and simultaneously extruding the pressure oil in the oil chamber of the hydraulic cylinder by the reaction force of the compressed gas in the air chamber of the energy storage tank and the air chamber of the regulating tank through a connecting pipeline, and extruding the piston by the pressure oil upwards to regulate the descending speed of the hammer;
opening a fourth control valve to close a fifth control valve, and filling the regulating tank with pressurized oil by a hydraulic power source, wherein the oil quantity in the regulating tank is increased; opening a fifth control valve to close a fourth control valve, regulating the tank to discharge oil to the oil tank, and reducing the oil quantity in the regulating tank; the adjusting tank is communicated with the air chamber of the energy storage tank, so that the oil quantity in the adjusting tank is changed through opening and closing of the fourth control valve and the fifth control valve, and the pressure of the energy storage tank, the oil chamber of the adjusting tank and the air chamber can be changed;
and opening a sixth control valve to charge air into the air chambers of the energy storage tank and the regulating tank, increasing the pressure of the air chambers, discharging air outwards, reducing the pressure of the air chambers, and changing the reaction force of the pressure oil in the hydraulic cylinder oil chamber by the energy storage regulating device.
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| CN111946675B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-04-19 | 太原理工大学 | Full hydraulic drive's free forging electro-hydraulic hammer hydraulic system |
| CN112238206B (en) * | 2020-10-05 | 2022-07-12 | 中科聚信洁能热锻装备研发股份有限公司 | Program-controlled free forging hammer and control method thereof |
| CN114838020B (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-03-28 | 中交第四航务工程局有限公司 | Control method and control device for hydraulic impact hammer system |
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| CN1390659A (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2003-01-15 | 太原重型机械学院 | Beat control system of hydraulic hammer |
| CN201632573U (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-11-17 | 德谦杭重锻造有限公司 | Free forging hydraulic power system |
| CN201855907U (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2011-06-08 | 孙学军 | Hydraulic numerical control forging hammer and hydraulic numerical control forging device |
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| DE102005038583B4 (en) * | 2005-08-16 | 2007-12-27 | Schuler Pressen Gmbh & Co. Kg | Press drive module and method for providing a press series |
| AT505656B1 (en) * | 2008-02-19 | 2009-03-15 | Trumpf Maschinen Austria Gmbh | FOLDING DEVICE FOR A BENDING PEG, IN PARTICULAR BUTTING PRESSURE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1390659A (en) * | 2002-07-16 | 2003-01-15 | 太原重型机械学院 | Beat control system of hydraulic hammer |
| CN201632573U (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2010-11-17 | 德谦杭重锻造有限公司 | Free forging hydraulic power system |
| CN201855907U (en) * | 2010-09-06 | 2011-06-08 | 孙学军 | Hydraulic numerical control forging hammer and hydraulic numerical control forging device |
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Application publication date: 20180928 Assignee: ZHONGKEJUXIN CLEAN ENERGY & HOT FORGING EQUIPMENT RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT Co.,Ltd. Assignor: JIANGSU HUAWEI MACHINERY MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023980045715 Denomination of invention: A Hydraulic Heavy Hammer Forging Machine and Its Intelligent Control Method Granted publication date: 20230516 License type: Common License Record date: 20231107 |
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