CN108579723A - Vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN108579723A
CN108579723A CN201810196902.5A CN201810196902A CN108579723A CN 108579723 A CN108579723 A CN 108579723A CN 201810196902 A CN201810196902 A CN 201810196902A CN 108579723 A CN108579723 A CN 108579723A
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vanadium
preparation
photochemical catalyst
titanic oxide
doped nano
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CN108579723B (en
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马永青
陈正
孙筱雨
刘畅
钱旎娴
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Anhui University
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Anhui University
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/20Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
    • B01J23/22Vanadium
    • B01J35/39
    • B01J35/40
    • B01J35/50
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • B01J37/10Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalysts and preparation method thereof, are related to catalysis material technical field.The method of the present invention includes the following steps:Isopropyl titanate, vanadium source and organic solvent are mixed to get mixed solution in a reservoir;The container is positioned in the hydrothermal reaction kettle equipped with absolute ethyl alcohol, initial product is obtained after constant temperature 4h 6h at a temperature of 290 DEG C 300 DEG C;The initial product anneals in 580 DEG C of 620 DEG C of inert atmospheres and obtains the vanadium doping titania powder of black after 4h 5h.V/TiO prepared by the present invention2In the nano-sheet of about 200nm long, self-assembly is in nanotube-shaped, and particle specific surface area is big, has strong absorption property;Technological process is simple, and experimental repeatability is good;The nano-particle obtained has good application prospect in photocatalysis field.

Description

Vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to catalysis material technical field more particularly to a kind of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst and Preparation method.
Background technology
Nano-TiO2Due to excellent physicochemical properties, having widely in fields such as environmental project, energy conversions Using.However, TiO2Performance itself also suffers from certain drawbacks, and most notable one is exactly some TiO2Photochemical catalyst is most common Anatase crystal, band gap 3.2eV can only absorb the light of ultraviolet region or more (>=387nm), the utilization to sunlight Rate is extremely low, and therefore, many scholars are being engaged in always in recent decades widens TiO2Visible light-responded range.
It is then to TiO using most, simplest method in the energy band engineering of titanium dioxide2It is doped, to prohibit Impurity energy level is introduced in band.Wherein, vanadium ion (V5+) since its doping is to TiO2ABSORPTION EDGE red shift most significantly and by extensive Concern, V5+Doping method it is also varied, such as solid phase method, sol-gal process, hydro-thermal method or bath oiling.
Above-mentioned each method all has certain defect, cannot obtain the higher vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide light of comprehensive performance and urge Agent.
Invention content
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst and its preparation sides Method, main purpose are to solve the problems, such as that vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide material comprehensive performance is relatively low.
In order to achieve the above objectives, invention broadly provides following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst, the described method comprises the following steps:
Isopropyl titanate, vanadium source and organic solvent are mixed to get mixed solution in a reservoir;
The container is positioned in the hydrothermal reaction kettle equipped with absolute ethyl alcohol, constant temperature 4h- at a temperature of 290 DEG C -300 DEG C Initial product is obtained after 6h;
The initial product anneals in 580 DEG C of -620 DEG C of inert atmospheres and obtains the vanadium doping titanium dioxide of black after 4h-5h Titanium powder.
Preferably, the container is quartz curette, the reaction kettle is Hastelloy reaction kettle, and the annealing is in tubular type It is carried out in stove;
Preferably, the vanadium source is vanadyl acetylacetonate;The organic solvent is ethylene glycol;First the ethylene glycol is added Enter in the container, then the vanadyl acetylacetonate is added into the container, the container is placed in the water that temperature is 50 DEG C Precursor solution is formed after being completely dissolved to the vanadyl acetylacetonate in bath and using magnetic agitation.
Preferably, the isopropyl titanate is added dropwise in the precursor solution and magnetic agitation forms the mixing Solution;The number ratio of vanadium atom and titanium atom in the mixed solution is 0.5:100.
Preferably, thermostat temperature of the container in the reaction kettle is 290 DEG C -295 DEG C, constant temperature time is 4.5h-5.5h。
Preferably, the initial product is after cooled to room temperature, first with alcohol and go from water clean it is described at the beginning of It anneals again after beginning product.
It is obtained after 4.5h-5h preferably, the initial product is annealed in the nitrogen atmosphere that temperature is 590 DEG C -610 DEG C black The vanadium doping titania powder of color.
Preferably, the vanadium doping titania powder is in the nano-sheet that length is 200nm, self-assembly In nanotube-shaped, the catalysis material of formation vanadium doping titania nanotube.
On the other hand, it is by above-mentioned an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst Method is prepared.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention use steam heat method by isopropyl titanate and vanadyl acetylacetonate in ethylene glycol in the quartz curette of solvent, It is prepared in high temperature and high pressure environment and subsequent anneal obtains V/TiO2Nano material.V/TiO prepared by the present invention2In about 200nm long Nano-sheet, for self-assembly in nanotube-shaped, particle specific surface area is big, has strong absorption property;Technological process letter Single, experimental repeatability is good;The nano-particle obtained has good application prospect in photocatalysis field.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic device for the steam thermal response that embodiment 1 of the present invention provides;
Fig. 2 is the V/HTO and V/TiO that embodiment 1 of the present invention provides2X-ray diffractogram, (a) be steam heat legal system The X-ray diffractogram of standby V/HTO (b) is the obtained V/TiO that anneals2The X-ray diffractogram of sample is (c) mark of anatase Quasi- PDF cards (PDF No.75-1537);
Fig. 3 is the electron microscopic picture of V/HTO samples prepared by the steam heat method that embodiment 1 of the present invention provides, and (a) is V/ The transmission electron microscope picture of HTO hollow balls, illustration are the transmission electron microscope picture of single V/HTO hollow balls, are (b) V/HTO hollow balls Scanning electron microscopic picture, illustration be single V/HTO hollow balls scanning electron microscopic picture;
Fig. 4 is V/TiO prepared by the annealing that embodiment 1 of the present invention provides2The electron microscopic picture of sample, (a) are that annealing is made Standby V/TiO2The transmission electron microscope picture of pipe (b) is the V/TiO prepared that anneals2The scanning electron microscopic picture of pipe, illustration are single TiO2The high resolution scanning electron microscopic picture of pipe;
Fig. 5 is the V/TiO that embodiment 1 of the present invention provides2The x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy picture of pipe, (a) are V/TiO2Pipe The total spectrogram of x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, (b) be V element spectrogram.
Specific implementation mode
For further illustrate the present invention to reach the technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below with compared with Specific implementation mode, technical solution, feature and its effect applied according to the present invention is described in detail as after in good embodiment.Under State it is bright in multiple embodiments in special characteristic, structure or feature can be combined by any suitable form.
Embodiment 1
(1) 90mL ethylene glycol (EG) is added in quartz curette and is used as solvent, and 19mg vanadyl acetylacetonates (VO is added (acac) 2), 50 DEG C of water-baths and magnetic agitation 10min to VO (acac)2It is completely dissolved, obtains precursor solution;
(2) 4mL isopropyl titanate (TIP, atomic ratio are measured with pipettor:V/Ti=0.5%), it is slowly dropped into quartz curette In, continue magnetic agitation 5min, obtains mixed solution;
(3) 200mL absolute ethyl alcohols are injected into 1000mL Hastelloy reaction kettles, and then quartz curette is put into kettle, is added Heat obtains initial product to 290 DEG C of constant temperature 5h;
(4) to the end of reaction, sample is taken out after autoclave body cooled to room temperature, number is cleaned repeatedly with alcohol and deionized water Drying after secondary;
(5) obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, N2The lower 600 DEG C of annealing 4h of atmosphere obtains black V doping TiO2Powder.
Embodiment 2
(1) 90mL ethylene glycol (EG) is added in quartz curette and is used as solvent, and 19mg vanadyl acetylacetonates (VO is added (acac) 2), 50 DEG C of water-baths and magnetic agitation 10min to VO (acac)2It is completely dissolved, obtains precursor solution;
(2) 4mL isopropyl titanate (TIP, atomic ratio are measured with pipettor:V/Ti=0.5%), it is slowly dropped into quartz curette In, continue magnetic agitation 5min, obtains mixed solution;
(3) 200mL isopropanols are injected into 1000mL Hastelloy reaction kettles, then quartz curette is put into kettle, are heated To 295 DEG C of constant temperature 4.5h, initial product is obtained;
(4) to the end of reaction, sample is taken out after autoclave body cooled to room temperature, number is cleaned repeatedly with alcohol and deionized water Drying after secondary;
(5) obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, N2The lower 610 DEG C of annealing 3.5h of atmosphere obtains black V doping TiO2Powder End.
Embodiment 3
(1) 90mL ethylene glycol (EG) is added in quartz curette and is used as solvent, and 19mg vanadyl acetylacetonates (VO is added (acac) 2), 50 DEG C of water-baths and magnetic agitation 10min to VO (acac)2It is completely dissolved, obtains precursor solution;
(2) 4mL isopropyl titanate (TIP, atomic ratio are measured with pipettor:V/Ti=0.5%), it is slowly dropped into quartz curette In, continue magnetic agitation 5min, obtains mixed solution;
(3) 200mL methanol is injected into 1000mL Hastelloy reaction kettles, and then quartz curette is put into kettle, is heated to 300 DEG C of constant temperature 4.2h, obtain initial product;
(4) to the end of reaction, sample is taken out after autoclave body cooled to room temperature, number is cleaned repeatedly with alcohol and deionized water Drying after secondary;
(5) obtained powder is placed in tube furnace, N2The lower 595 DEG C of annealing 4.5h of atmosphere obtains black V doping TiO2Powder End.
The present invention slowly generates water by alcohols etherification reaction, supplies water for isopropyl titanate hydrolysis, prepared by above-mentioned steps (3) The hollow ball of the product hydrogen titanyl self assembly gone out, by 600 DEG C of high annealings, hydrogen titanyl is converted into pure black Anatase TiO2, hollow ball collapse rupture is as nanotube.
The selection of the doped source of the present invention:Above-mentioned nano-hollow sphere structured in order to obtain, the presoma of steam thermal response is molten Liquid must not be aqueous, therefore the original reagent for adulterating V must be free from conjunction with water and can be dissolved in the organic vanadium source of alcohol, present invention choosing The vanadium source selected is vanadyl acetylacetonate.
The selection of the steam heat reaction temperature of the present invention:For the decomposition temperature of above-mentioned vanadyl acetylacetonate at 290 DEG C, being less than should Temperature, vanadyl acetylacetonate can not decompose, and doping is caused to fail;Reaction temperature is higher than 300 DEG C, and the product of steam thermal response is sharp The TiO of titanium ore phase and Rutile Type mixing2, it is unable to get pure phase anatase TiO2, therefore, suitable reaction temperature should be 290 Between DEG C -300 DEG C.
The selection of the steam heat reaction dissolvent of the present invention:Under the reaction temperature of above-mentioned determination, the dispersion in quartz curette is molten The critical-temperature of agent necessarily is greater than above-mentioned reaction temperature, otherwise can not be used as solvent in liquid form, point selected in the present invention It is ethylene glycol that it is excellent, which to dissipate solvent,;The solvent that etherification temperature is less than the condition may be selected in reaction dissolvent in reaction kettle, such as isopropanol, second Alcohol, methanol etc., currently preferred reaction dissolvent are ethyl alcohol.
The committed step of the present invention:
1. reaction occurs under Ethanol supercritical state, the critical-temperature for disperseing solution is higher than reaction temperature, etherified Reaction generates water, then is reacted with TIP and generate H2Ti12O25Hollow ball;
2. temperature of hollow ball during subsequent anneal is too low can not be by H2Ti12O25Convert TiO2, hollow ball in addition Pipe can not be changed into, annealing temperature is excessively high, and tubular structure caves in reunion;
3. the present invention chooses vanadyl acetylacetonate (VO (acac)2) it is used as doped source, VO (acac)2It can be dissolved in organic Solvent and the decomposition at 290 DEG C.
As Figure 1-Figure 5, the present invention use steam heat method by isopropyl titanate and vanadyl acetylacetonate ethylene glycol for In the quartz curette of solvent, is prepared in high temperature and high pressure environment and subsequent anneal obtains V/TiO2Nano material.Prepared by the present invention V/TiO2In the nano-sheet of about 200nm long, self-assembly is in nanotube-shaped, and particle specific surface area is big, has strong inhale Attached performance.
Place, those skilled in the art can not select from the prior art to the greatest extent in the embodiment of the present invention.
Disclosed above is only the specific implementation mode of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, is appointed What those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, answer It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with above-mentioned scope of the claims It is accurate.

Claims (9)

1. the preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
Isopropyl titanate, vanadium source and organic solvent are mixed to get mixed solution in a reservoir;
The container is positioned in the hydrothermal reaction kettle equipped with absolute ethyl alcohol, at a temperature of 290 DEG C -300 DEG C after constant temperature 4h-6h Obtain initial product;
The initial product anneals in 580 DEG C of -620 DEG C of inert atmospheres and obtains the vanadium doping titanium dioxide powder of black after 4h-5h End.
2. the preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the appearance Device is quartz curette, and the reaction kettle is Hastelloy reaction kettle, and the annealing is carried out in tube furnace.
3. the preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vanadium Source is vanadyl acetylacetonate;The organic solvent is ethylene glycol;First the ethylene glycol is added in the container, then to the appearance The vanadyl acetylacetonate is added in device, it is in 50 DEG C of water-bath and using magnetic agitation to described that the container, which is placed in temperature, Vanadyl acetylacetonate forms precursor solution after being completely dissolved.
4. the preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that will be described Isopropyl titanate is added dropwise in the precursor solution and magnetic agitation forms the mixed solution;Vanadium in the mixed solution The number of atom and titanium atom ratio is 0.5:100.
5. the preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the appearance Thermostat temperature of the device in the reaction kettle is 290 DEG C -295 DEG C, constant temperature time 4.5h-5h.
6. the preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described first Beginning product first with alcohol and goes to clean after the initial product from water and anneals again after cooled to room temperature.
7. the preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described first Beginning product obtains the vanadium doping titanium dioxide powder of black in the nitrogen atmosphere that temperature is 590 DEG C -610 DEG C after annealing 3.5h-4.5h End.
8. the preparation method of vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the vanadium Titania-doped powder is in the nano-sheet that length is 200nm, and self-assembly is in nanotube-shaped, formation vanadium doping two The catalysis material of titanium oxide nanotubes.
9. vanadium-doped nano titanic oxide photochemical catalyst, which is characterized in that it is by claim 1-8 any one of them methods It is prepared.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109718752A (en) * 2019-01-27 2019-05-07 安徽大学 A kind of graphene/TiO2Nanocomposite and preparation method thereof
CN109718752B (en) * 2019-01-27 2021-11-12 安徽大学 graphene/TiO2Nanocomposite and method for preparing same

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