CN108573097A - A kind of uniform air guide design method based on exhausting duct area control - Google Patents
A kind of uniform air guide design method based on exhausting duct area control Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of uniform air guide design method based on exhausting duct area control, includes the following steps：Air guide drag characteristic determines that the method being combined with experiment using CFD numerical computations is fitted the resistance curve or formula of air guide；According to each loop resistance relationship of exhaust system, required water conservancy diversion framework drag characteristic is calculated；Size needed for air guide is determined, in required in advance air guide resistance curve or formula to complete the design of uniform exhaust system according to required air guide drag characteristic.The present invention proposes the new calculation method of uniform exhaust system, can accurately ensure the discharge uniformity in each air port of exhaust system from the design phase.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aeration technology field, it is related to the uniform air guide design method based on exhausting duct area control.
Background technology
In Kitchen in High Rise Apartment central exhaust system, each user's smoke-exhaust pipeline is connect with flue vertical shaft to be communicated, and becomes one
A multi power source pipe network system.The smoke exhaust pressure head of every layer of user is essentially identical, the resistance pack overcome needed for the pressure head of user
It includes the pressure loss of user side and consumes the pressure loss in vertical shaft.More pressure of its consumption of the user of lower layer in flue vertical shaft side
It is more, thus the pressure drop of user side reduces, user's exhaust smoke level is reduced therewith.Therefore, such multi power source convergence system is easy out
Existing top user's exhaust smoke level is big, the small situation of lower part user's exhaust smoke level, and underlying user oil smoke, which can occur, under extreme operating condition can not arrange
The phenomenon that going, or even pouring in down a chimney.By the randomness feature that space is limited and user opens, in central exhaust system
Underlying user exhaust is unsmooth in operational process, and the distribution of user's capacity is unbalance to become common problem.
For the non-uniform present situation of each layer user smoke evacuation of aggregate with outliers, researchs and proposes and connect out with flue in service pipe
Mouth setting jet ejection relay device carries out high residential building the correlation techniques such as subregion exhaust, optimization flue inside Local Members.
Invention content
The uniform air guide design method based on exhausting duct area control that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of, with solution
The certainly above-mentioned non-uniform problem of air draft in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
The present invention is based on the aggregate with outliers exhausting duct area controls of high residential building to be realized each using simple air guide
The purpose of the layer uniform air draft of user, introduces present disclosure in order to detailed, is first illustrated below to involved term
Or definition：
Exhausting duct area control：Exhausting duct area control refers to according to national regulation or concerned countries building standard design drawing
Collection etc. is to determine house aggregate with outliers and manifold size.
A kind of uniform air guide design method based on exhausting duct area control includes the following steps：
(1) air guide drag characteristic determines, the method being combined with experiment using CFD numerical computations is fitted water conservancy diversion structure
The resistance curve or formula of part are in following relationship：
Wherein, ξ1-3It indicates from upper user to river outlet, the direct current coefficient of partial resistance of air guide；ξ2-3Indicate from
Family branch pipe is to flue river outlet, the confluence coefficient of partial resistance of air guide, A2Indicate the discharge area of corresponding air guide, A3
Indicate the area of flue；Q2Indicate branch pipe flow, Q3Indicate that flue always converges flow；Indicate this layer of branch pipe flow and flue stream
The flow-rate ratio of amount.
(2) atlas can be designed by national building standard to the aggregate with outliers system that number of floor levels is n《House exhaust passage》It chooses
Flue cross section product, floor height, while determining design concurrent signatures, obtain the unlatching amount k of house kitchen smoke exhaust；
(3) user for opening smoke exhaust is uniformly distributed in height according to design concurrent signatures, and really
Fixed each user designs exhaust air rate Qdesign。
(5) all floor users are all made of the identical same model smoke exhaust of performance, since each family capacity is equal, therefore open
Its smoke exhaust working head of the k layers user of machine is equal, and is：
Wherein, PyyjIndicate the total head of user's kitchen ventilator, QdesignIndicate that each layer user designs capacity, A, B, C expression pair
Coefficient is answered, with kitchen ventilator relating to parameters.
(6) since start number is k, booting number of floor levels is respectively n1, n2... nk.Therefore flue gas is through n-th in fluekAfter layer confluence
Air is drained by unpowered blast cap.List node nkEquilibrium equation：
∑ ξ=ξHose+ξCheck (non-return) valve (6)
Wherein,Indicate n-thkPressure after layer confluence,Indicate nkThe pressure of layer service pipe, ∑ ξ are indicated from nkLayer
Service pipe is to the sum of the coefficient of partial resistance of flue, including hose resistance coefficient ξHoseWith check (non-return) valve resistance coefficient ξCheck (non-return) valve,
Indicate n-thkDynamic pressure in layer service pipe,Indicate nkLayer service pipe to flue coefficient of partial resistance,It indicates
N-thkDynamic pressure in layer user's flue, ρ indicate the density of flue gas in flue, P0Indicate the pressure of flue general export,Indicate nk
The pressure of layer user air duct river outlet, ξBlast capIndicate the coefficient of partial resistance of flue general export blast cap.
After determining design parameter, above-mentioned equation only n-thkLayer air guide confluence resistance coefficientFor unknown number, can count
It calculates and solves.Then, willFlue cross section accumulates A3, n-thkLayer customer flow ratio 1/k substitutes into the fitting of air guide drag characteristic
Chart or relational expression can solve n-thkThe matched air guide size A of layer usernk。
(6) n-th is determinedkAfter the layer matched air guide size of user, n-th can be then solvedk-1The layer matched water conservancy diversion of user
Scantling.N-thk-1Layer can be by n-thk" drainage " effect of layer air guide, lists node nk-1Equilibrium equation：
∑ ξ=ξHose+ξCheck (non-return) valve (11)
All character meanings are identical as the expression of (5) step in formula herein.
N-th can be acquired according to the flow of (5) stepk-1The matched air guide size A of layer usernk-1。
(7) computational methods of repetition (5) step and (6) step can obtain the air guide for the k layer users that design is opened
Size；Since the k layer users that design is opened are uniformly distributed in height, design the water conservancy diversion structure for the n-k layer users not opened
Part size can be obtained by linear interpolation method.For example it designs the i-th layer of user not opened and is located at n-th openedkLayer user and
N-thk-1Between layer user, then the matched air guide size of i-th layer of user is：
Wherein, AiIndicate the air guide size of i-th layer of user,Indicate n-thkThe corresponding air guide size of layer,
Indicate n-thk-1The corresponding air guide size of layer.
So far, the matched air guide size of all users of n-layer is just obtained.
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the invention has the advantages that：
Uniform air guide design method proposed by the present invention can meet the uniform row in integrated air exhaust road in the design phase
Wind requirement avoids follow-up complicated debugging efforts.
Applicable object of the present invention includes but are not limited to high residential building aggregate with outliers air draft.This method can be accurately to collection
Middle smoke evacuation system carries out uniform design, includes the operating mode that all air draft ends are opened and part air draft end is opened, have compared with
High adaptability.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that certain layer of air guide of the embodiment of the present invention is concentrating the schematic view of the mounting position in wind pipeline.
Fig. 2 is the air guide system of the embodiment of the present invention and traditional original system air volume adjustment comparison diagram.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail with reference to embodiments.
First involved term is illustrated or is defined：
Exhausting duct area control：Exhausting duct area control refers to according to national regulation or concerned countries building standard design drawing
Collection etc. is to determine house aggregate with outliers and manifold size.
Referring to Fig. 1, certain layer of air guide for the embodiment of the present invention is concentrating the schematic view of the mounting position in wind pipeline.
Including kitchen ventilator 1, exhausting duct 2, service pipe 3, check (non-return) valve 4, air guide 5；Kitchen ventilator 1 passes through user with exhausting duct 2
Branch pipe 3 is connected, and the oil smoke that kitchen ventilator is absorbed is discharged by branch pipe, exhausting duct, and installation check (non-return) valve 4 is to keep away on service pipe 3
Exempt from 2 inside oil smoke adverse current formation of smokejack and alters taste；Air guide is installed between service pipe 3 and smokejack 2, and flue gas is from user
After branch pipe 3 comes out, converged with the flue gas in smokejack 2 by air guide outlet 6.
Fig. 2 is the air guide system and tradition hair systematic air flow profiles versus figure of the embodiment of the present invention.
A kind of uniform air guide design method based on exhausting duct area control includes the following steps：
(1) air guide drag characteristic determines, the method being combined with experiment using CFD numerical computations is fitted water conservancy diversion structure
The resistance curve or formula of part；
(2) atlas can be designed by national building standard to the aggregate with outliers system that number of floor levels is n《House exhaust passage》It chooses
Flue cross section product, floor height, while determining design concurrent signatures, obtain the unlatching amount k of house kitchen smoke exhaust；
(3) user for opening smoke exhaust is uniformly distributed in height according to design concurrent signatures, and really
Fixed each user designs exhaust air rate Qdesign。
(4) all floor users are all made of the identical same model smoke exhaust of performance, since each family capacity is equal, therefore open
Its smoke exhaust working head of the k layers user of machine is equal, and is：
(5) since start number is k, booting number of floor levels is respectively n1, n2... nk.Therefore flue gas is through n-th in fluekAfter layer confluence
Air is drained by unpowered blast cap.List node nkEquilibrium equation：
∑ ξ=ξHose+ξCheck (non-return) valve (6)
After determining design parameter, above-mentioned equation only n-thkLayer air guide confluence resistance coefficientFor unknown number, can count
It calculates and solves.Then, willFlue cross section accumulates A3, n-thkLayer customer flow ratio 1/k substitutes into the fitting of air guide drag characteristic
Chart or relational expression can solve n-thkThe layer matched air guide size of user.
(6) n-th is determinedkAfter the layer matched air guide size of user, n-th can be then solvedk-1The layer matched water conservancy diversion of user
Scantling.N-thk-1Layer can be by n-thk" drainage " effect of layer air guide, lists node nk-1Equilibrium equation：
∑ ξ=ξHose+ξCheck (non-return) valve (11)
N-th can be acquired according to the flow of (5) stepk-1The layer matched air guide outlet height of user
(7) computational methods of repetition (5) step and (6) step can obtain the air guide for the k layer users that design is opened
Size.Since the k layer users that design is opened are uniformly distributed in height, design the water conservancy diversion structure for the n-k layer users not opened
Part size can be obtained by linear interpolation method.For example it designs the i-th layer of user not opened and is located at n-th openedkLayer user and
N-thk-1Between layer user, then the matched air guide size of i-th layer of user is：
So far, the matched air guide size of all users of n-layer is just obtained.
Embodiment is certain 30 layers of house kitchen, first carries out air guide size design to its aggregate with outliers exhaust system.
Step 1：Drag characteristic determination is carried out to air guide, using experiment and CFD approach, fits the resistance of air guide
Force characteristic formula.Air guide installation site is as shown in Figure 1.In experiment test or CFD result of calculations, interception air guide goes out
Inlet section pressure value and velocity amplitude carry out coefficient of partial resistance and calculate as shown in formula 14, formula 15：
Wherein：p1For flue entrance pressure, Pa；v1For flue entrance flow velocity, m/s；p2For manifold inlet pressure, Pa；v2For
Manifold inlet flow velocity, m/s；p3For flue outlet pressure, Pa；v3For flue outlet flow velocity, m/s.
The air guide resistance coefficient relational expression obtained in this example is as shown in formula 16, formula 17, in clear resistance coefficient and master
In the case of duct size, corresponding air guide size can be obtained using formula 16 and formula 17.
Step 2：By taking 30 layers of house kitchen central exhaust system as an example, floor height 3m is built.National building standard designs atlas
《House exhaust passage》Give the cross-sectional shape size of seven kinds of different house kitchen flue products.All types of flue sizes Datong District is small
Different, sectional dimension is chosen in the c-type flue road pressed herein in atlas, as shown in table 1 below.Service pipe is circle by atlas regulation section
Shape, a diameter of 150mm.It is 450 × 550mm that flue cross section size, which can be obtained, and flue cross section product is 0.2475m2。
1 kitchen chimney flue sectional area of table selects table
Step 3：It determines design simultaneity factor, designs concurrent signatures in this calculated example and choose 0.6, that is, opening quantity is
18.The user for opening kitchen ventilator is uniformly distributed in height, as shown in table 2.Relevant criterion, which is not limiting as kitchen, to be had
Exhaust air rate, only evaluation criterion provide：Under various detection operating modes, house kitchen central exhaust system each household exhaust air rate should not
Less than 300m3/ h, it is not more than 500m3/h.Each layer design exhaust air rate is calculated in cross-section check (non-return) valve flue system in this example,
It is Q to design exhaust air rate for each layerdesign=437m3/h。
Table 2 opens smoke exhaust user distribution
Step 4：All users select same type of smoke exhaust, according to smoke exhaust common in the market, by performance
Detection parameters are fitted to obtain total head-flow velocity relation such as formula 18.Flue size is certain, and design exhaust air rate is substituted into smoke exhaust power
Characteristic relation obtains working head Pyyj=287.4Pa.
Pyyj=327.3-23.39u+3.926u2-0.1985u3 (19)
Step 5：It is 18 to open number due to kitchen ventilator, and booting number of floor levels is respectively n1, n3... n29.Therefore flue gas passes through in flue
Air is drained by unpowered blast cap after 29th layer of confluence.List node n29Equilibrium equation.Service pipe length takes 1.5m, cuts
Face is circle, a diameter of 150mm.User's hose pressure loss correction factor takes 1.5, and check (non-return) valve resistance coefficient chooses 2.5, outlet
Blast cap resistance coefficient chooses 1, and flue inner wall absolute roughness K takes 1.5mm.
∑ ξ=ξHose+ξCheck (non-return) valve=4 (23)
It is more than simultaneous various that air guide resistance coefficient ξ is calculated29,2-3。
By ξ29,2-3=2.66, Q2=Qdesign=437m3/ h, Q3=Q0=7866m3/ h substitutes into formula 17 and coefficient x is calculated
For：
X substitutions formula 18 can be obtained to the design size A of air guide3, so far, determine and be located at 29 layers of residential customer water conservancy diversion structure
Part size, means outlet height are 66mm.
Step 6：After determining the 29th layer of matched air guide size of user, it can then solve the 28th layer user is matched and lead
Flow scantling.Equally list the equilibrium equation of node 28：
∑ ξ=ξHose+ξCheck (non-return) valve (10)
ξ can be obtained in same simultaneous above formula28,2-3Have：
Equally by ξ29,2-3, Q2=Qdesign=437m3/ h, Q3=Q0=(437 × 17) m3/ h substitutes into formula 17 and calculates to obtain coefficient
The design size A of air guide can be obtained in x substitutions formula 18 by x3, so far, determine and be located at 28 layers of residential customer air guide ruler
Very little, means outlet height is 69mm.
The computational methods for repeating step 5 and step 6 solve to obtain the matched water conservancy diversion structure of 18 layers of user for opening smoke exhaust
Part size.
Step 7：Remaining matched air guide size of 12 layers of user that do not open is found out using the method for linear interpolation, is seen
Table 3.Wherein, the number being underlined is the matched air guide ruler of 12 layers of user of remainder obtained using linear interpolation method
It is very little.
3 each floor user air guide matching size table (unit of table：mm)
Fig. 2 compares former cross-section check (non-return) valve flue system and matches air guide rear pass system under design conditions
Exhaust air rate distribution situation.It can be seen from the figure that former check (non-return) valve flue system is respectively switched on user's exhaust air rate as number of floor levels increases
Arranged distribution from low to high, the 1st layer of user's exhaust air rate is minimum, is 376m3/ h, the 29th layer of user's exhaust air rate is maximum, is 567m3/ h,
Exhaust air rate distribution is simultaneously unbalanced.The matching air guide rear pass system user's exhaust air rate that is respectively switched on is 437m3/ h, exhaust air rate point
Cloth is average.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment can be understood and applied the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.
Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to these embodiments, and described herein general
Principle is applied in other embodiment without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, ability
Field technique personnel announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be the present invention's
Within protection domain.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of uniform air guide design method based on exhausting duct area control, which is characterized in that including：Determine water conservancy diversion structure
Part drag characteristic, the method being combined with experiment using CFD numerical computations, is fitted the resistance curve or public affairs of air guide
Formula；According to each loop resistance relationship of exhaust system, required water conservancy diversion framework drag characteristic is calculated；According to required air guide
Drag characteristic determines size needed for air guide in required in advance air guide resistance curve or formula, to complete
At the design of uniform exhaust system.
2. the uniform air guide design method according to claim 1 based on exhausting duct area control, which is characterized in that
Include the following steps：
(1) air guide drag characteristic determines, the method being combined with experiment using CFD numerical computations is fitted air guide
Resistance curve or formula；
(2) atlas is designed by national building standard to the aggregate with outliers system that number of floor levels is n《House exhaust passage》Flue is chosen to cut
Area, floor height, while determining design concurrent signatures, obtain the unlatching amount k of house kitchen smoke exhaust；
(3) user for opening smoke exhaust is uniformly distributed in height according to design concurrent signatures, according to theory
System total blast volume Q is calculated by cross-section check (non-return) valve flue system in computation model0；
(4) all floor users are all made of the identical same model smoke exhaust of performance, since each family capacity is equal, therefore be switched on
K layers of user its smoke exhaust working head are equal, and are：
Wherein, PyyjIndicate the total head of user's kitchen ventilator, QdesignIndicate that each layer user designs capacity, A, B, C indicate corresponding system
Number, with kitchen ventilator relating to parameters；
(5) since start number is k, booting number of floor levels is respectively n1, n2... nk；Therefore flue gas is through n-th in fluekPass through after layer confluence
Unpowered blast cap drains into air；List node nkEquilibrium equation：
∑ ξ=ξHose+ξCheck (non-return) valve (5)
After determining design parameter, above-mentioned equation only n-thkLayer air guide confluence resistance coefficientFor unknown number, it can calculate and ask
Solution；Then, willFlue cross section accumulates A3, n-thkLayer customer flow ratio 1/k substitutes into air guide drag characteristic and is fitted chart
Or relational expression can solve n-thkThe layer matched air guide size of user；
(6) n-th is determinedkAfter the layer matched air guide size of user, n-th is then solvedk-1The layer matched air guide ruler of user
It is very little；N-thk-1Layer can be by n-thk" drainage " effect of layer air guide, lists node nk-1Equilibrium equation：
∑ ξ=ξHose+ξCheck (non-return) valve (10)
N-th can be acquired according to the flow of the 5th stepk-1The layer matched air guide outlet height of user
(7) the air guide size for the k layer users that design is opened can be obtained by repeating the computational methods of (5) and (6)；
Wherein,Indicate n-thkPressure after layer confluence,Indicate nkThe pressure of layer service pipe, ∑ ξ are indicated from nkLayer user
Branch pipe is to the sum of the coefficient of partial resistance of flue, including hose resistance coefficient ξHoseWith check (non-return) valve resistance coefficient ξCheck (non-return) valve,It indicates
N-thkDynamic pressure in layer service pipe,Indicate nkLayer service pipe to flue coefficient of partial resistance,Indicate n-thkLayer
Dynamic pressure in user's flue, ρ indicate the density of flue gas in flue, P0Indicate the pressure of flue general export,Indicate nkLayer user
The pressure of air duct river outlet, ξBlast capIndicate the coefficient of partial resistance of flue general export blast cap.
3. the uniform air guide design method according to claim 1 based on exhausting duct area control, which is characterized in that
Since the k layer users that design is opened are uniformly distributed in height, the air guide size for designing the n-k layer users not opened passes through
Linear interpolation method obtains.
4. the uniform air guide design method according to claim 1 based on exhausting duct area control, which is characterized in that
It designs the i-th layer of user not opened and is located at n-th openedkLayer user and n-thk-1Between layer user, then i-th layer of user is matched
Air guide size is：
Wherein, AiIndicate the air guide size of i-th layer of user,Indicate n-thkThe corresponding air guide size of layer,It indicates
N-thk-1The corresponding air guide size of layer；
So far, the matched air guide size of all users of n-layer is just obtained.
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