Invention content
The purpose of the present invention, which is that, overcomes disadvantages mentioned above and deficiency of the existing technology, and timesharing work(can be done by providing one kind
The super-silent fast laser switch of rate control also provides a kind of control for the super-silent fast laser switch doing timesharing power control
Method processed.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of super-silent fast laser switch doing timesharing power control, including direct current generator, direct current generator and motor
Driving circuit connects, and direct current generator is fixed on fixed frame, and detector installation blade is fixed in the rotary shaft of direct current generator, Gu
Determine to be additionally provided with vertical baffle on frame, light hole is offered on vertical baffle, the rotary shaft rotation of direct current generator drives detector
Installation blade rotates to pass laser stroke end the rotary shaft rotation drive detector installation for blocking light hole or direct current generator
Blade, which is rotated to logical laser stroke end, does not block light hole, is fixed on detector installation blade and is hidden in detector installation blade
Photodetector when keeping off light hole to being detected across the laser of light hole.
Pass laser stroke end as described above and logical laser stroke terminal point are both provided with rubber sheet gasket.
Photodetector and motor-drive circuit as described above are connect with digital control module, and digital control module is also
It is connect with laser intensity modulator.
A kind of control method for the super-silent fast laser switch doing timesharing power control,
Digital control module leads to laser waveform and close laser waveform according to the output of low and high level cycle square wave to be driven to motor
Circuit;
The low-level period of low and high level cycle square wave is to close the laser period, is being closed in the laser period, digital control module
Output closes laser waveform to motor-drive circuit, and it includes rotating in the forward direction drive waveforms, plugging driving to close laser waveform successively
Waveform and rotate in the forward direction maintenance drive waveforms;
The high level period of low and high level cycle square wave is the logical laser period, within the logical laser period, digital control module
Output leads to laser waveform to motor-drive circuit, and it includes reversely rotating drive waveforms, positive braking driving to lead to laser waveform successively
Waveform and reverse rotation maintain drive waveforms.
After closing the setting delay time that the laser period starts, laser is beaten completely on the detector of blade, digital control
Output modulation voltage controls laser intensity after the PID arithmetic that module carries out the laser power signal obtained by photodetector
Modulator carries out laser output.
When the logical laser period starts, digital control module meter in the setting pre-set time before the logical laser period is started
Obtained modulation voltage is weighted averagely, and laser light is output to using the modulation voltage after weighted average as the logical laser period
The modulation voltage of strong modulator.
Closer to logical start time in laser period, the weight coefficient proportion of corresponding modulation voltage is bigger.
The present invention has following advantages and good effect:
1, since the torque of direct current generator is larger, and the quality of detector installation blade and photodetector is smaller, therefore can
Realize that the quick rotation of detector installation blade, the switching speed of laser (2mm diameters) can reach 700 μ s or so, switch prolongs
It is 8ms or so late, and the longtime running shake of switching speed is less than 5%, the longtime running shake of switching delay is less than 2%, length
Phase stability is very good.
2, digital control module is exportable arrives according to the logical laser waveform of low and high level cycle square wave output and pass laser waveform
Motor-drive circuit accurately controls direct current generator in laser switch process by leading to laser waveform shown in Fig. 3 and closing laser waveform
Rotating speed and the time, to realize super-silent switching process.
3, photodetector can make full use of the time of laser cut-out to control the power of laser, while realize laser
Two functions of switch and intensity control.
4, the volume of entire super-silent fast optical switch can accomplish very small, and size is about 2cm × 2cm × 3cm (long
× wide × high), it is highly suitable in integrated optical system.
5, the critical piece of this super-silent photoswitch has the fixed frame and electricity of direct current generator, photodetector, direct current generator
Drive circuit;Wherein fixed frame and detector installation blade can be made by 3D printing, and motor-drive circuit is simple
It is very low to switch total cost of manufacture compared with other commercial lasers for voltage-controlled current source.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Fig. 1~2, a kind of super-silent fast laser switch doing timesharing power control, including direct current generator 1,
Direct current generator 1 is connect with motor-drive circuit 8, and direct current generator 1 is fixed on fixed frame 2, fixed in the rotary shaft of direct current generator 1
There is detector that blade 4 is installed, is additionally provided with vertical baffle 12 on fixed frame 2, light hole 6, direct current are offered on vertical baffle 12
The rotary shaft rotation of motor 1 drives the detector installation rotation of blade 4 to block light hole 6 or direct current to laser stroke end is closed
The rotary shaft rotation of machine 1 drives detector installation blade 4 rotation to logical laser stroke end not block light hole 6, detector peace
The light to being detected across the laser of light hole 6 when detector installation blade 4 blocks light hole 6 is fixed on dress blade 4
Electric explorer 3.
It closes laser stroke end and logical laser stroke terminal point is both provided with rubber sheet gasket 5.
Photodetector 3 and motor-drive circuit 8 are connect with digital control module 9, and digital control module 9 is gone back and laser
Light intensity modulator 10 connects.
A kind of control method for the super-silent fast laser switch doing timesharing power control,
Digital control module 9 is exported to lead to laser waveform and close laser waveform according to low and high level cycle square wave and be driven to motor
Circuit 8;
The low-level period of low and high level cycle square wave is to close the laser period, is being closed in the laser period, digital control module 9
Output closes laser waveform to motor-drive circuit 8, and it includes rotating in the forward direction drive waveforms, plugging driving to close laser waveform successively
Waveform and rotate in the forward direction maintenance drive waveforms;
The high level period of low and high level cycle square wave is the logical laser period, within the logical laser period, digital control module 9
Output leads to laser waveform to motor-drive circuit 8, and it includes reversely rotating drive waveforms, positive braking driving to lead to laser waveform successively
Waveform and reverse rotation maintain drive waveforms.
After closing the setting delay time that the laser period starts, laser is beaten completely on the detector 3 of blade, digital control
Output modulation voltage controls laser light after the PID arithmetic that module 9 carries out the laser power signal obtained by photodetector 3
Strong modulator 10 carries out laser output.
When the logical laser period starts, digital control module 9 in the setting pre-set time before the logical laser period is started
The modulation voltage being calculated is weighted averagely, and laser is output to using the modulation voltage after weighted average as the logical laser period
The modulation voltage of light intensity modulator 10.Closer to logical start time in laser period, the weight coefficient proportion of corresponding modulation voltage is got over
Greatly.
In this application, defining " forward direction " is:It is provided from logical laser stroke end to pass laser to detector installation blade 4
The torsion direction of stroke end rotation;" reversed " is:It is provided from laser stroke end is closed to opening laser to detector installation blade 4
The torsion direction of stroke end rotation;
Motor-drive circuit 8 is that direct current generator 1 provides and rotates in the forward direction driving current according to drive waveforms are rotated in the forward direction, according to
Plugging drive waveforms are that direct current generator 1 provides plugging driving current, are straight according to maintenance drive waveforms are rotated in the forward direction
The offer of galvanic electricity machine 1 rotates in the forward direction maintenance driving current;
Motor-drive circuit 8 is that direct current generator 1 provides reverse rotation driving current according to drive waveforms are reversely rotated, according to
It is that direct current generator 1 provides positive braking driving current that forward direction, which brakes drive waveforms, is straight according to maintenance drive waveforms are reversely rotated
Galvanic electricity machine 1, which provides to reversely rotate, maintains driving current;
Composition component explanation in the present embodiment:
Direct current generator 1, compact, rotating speed is up to 15000 turns per minute or more of brush direct current motor.
Fixed frame 2, for fixing direct current generator, the mounting hole 7 on fixed frame 2 is for the concrete applications such as the present invention and platform
Connection between environment and fixation, light hole 6 pass through for laser beam.Entire fixed frame 2 can be obtained by 3D printing, for modeling
Expect material, or can be more conducive to radiate with aluminium product, prolongs the service life.
Photodetector 3 is the silicon photoelectric diode with lens, detectable laser power size.
Detector installs blade 4, and 3D printing technique acquisition may be used, be plastic material or aluminum blade, there are photoelectricity
Detector mounting hole, quality is small, can be with motor quick rotation.
Rubber sheet gasket 5 is General Purpose Rubber piece, is used for the pass laser stroke end of position locator installation blade 4 and leads to swash
Light stroke end, and reduce switching noise.
Motor-drive circuit 8 opens laser waveform and pass laser waveform control output current by input, opens laser waveform
And proportionality coefficient there are one closing between laser waveform and output current, it is controlled by opening laser waveform and closing the variation of laser waveform
The variation of output current processed, to control the rotation direction and speed of direct current generator 1.
Digital control module 9, for generate output to motor-drive circuit 8 open laser waveform and close laser waveform, with
And PID arithmetic is carried out to 3 collected laser power signal of photodetector and exports modulation voltage control laser intensity modulation
Device 10, laser intensity modulator 10 are connect with laser, and laser generates the laser beam across light hole 6, to realize by logical
The stabilization of the power of the laser beam of unthreaded hole 6 and control.
Hereinafter the work of the present invention is illustrated according to three aspects of control of the switch of laser beam, the noise reduction of switch, laser power
Make principle.
As shown in Figure 1, it is assumed that laser is propagated and from left to right by light hole 6, when detector installs blade 4 by direct current
Machine 1 will block the propagation of laser after driving (forward direction) clockwise to rotate to pass laser stroke end, realize laser "Off"
Function;, whereas if laser beam can be complete after detector installation blade 4 (reversed) counterclockwise rotates to logical laser stroke end
Pass through, realizes the function of laser "ON".Realize the control flow of switching function as shown in Fig. 2, digital control module 9 will open laser
It waveform and closes laser waveform cycle and is output to motor-drive circuit 8, complete to switch to control the rotation direction of direct current generator 1
Action.Fig. 5 shows out laser waveform and closes laser waveform and the pass by switching the laser power of output after laser switch
System, it is seen that open laser waveform and close the delay for having certain time after laser waveform provides to the execution of switch motion, Fig. 4 is shown
Size of this delay is about 7.6ms and the response speed of switch (laser power is needed for 10% to the 90% of maximum value
The time wanted) it is about 800 μ s.Further, since the present invention has added two rubber sheet gaskets 5 so that the initial bit of each switch action
It is fixed to set with final position, and which not only adds the long-time stability of switching speed and delay time, also substantially reduce
The vibration of detector installation blade 4.As seen from Figure 6, the long-term jitter of delay time of the invention is less than 100 μ s, and
The long-term jitter of switching speed is less than 20 μ s.
Since the torque of direct current generator 1 is larger, rotating speed is very fast, and vibration damping drop is carried out to laser switch in spite of rubber sheet gasket 5
It makes an uproar, still there is the noise and 8m/s of about 60dB when detector installation blade 4 hits rubber sheet gasket 52Vibration.This is for one
Mistake almost flagrant to the application scenario that vibration and noise are very sensitive a bit, therefore being rotated in control direct current generator 1
The mechanism of one " brake " is added in journey.So-called " brake ", as the term suggests be exactly detector installation blade 4 i.e. into contact with
To direct current generator 1 plus a larger stalling current (plugging driving current/forward direction braking driving before rubber sheet gasket 5
Electric current) so that direct current generator 1 is slowed down rapidly, speed at this time is kept again after speed is reduced to the value of a very little until detection
Device installation blade 4 lightly runs into rubber sheet gasket 5.The control voltage of whole process is as shown in Figure 3.By " brake ", treated
Laser switch noise falls below 30dB or less and does not almost hear, and vibrates and then fall below about 0.4m/s2.Due to this brake
Control process it is still relative complex in practical applications, we realize the number by low and high level using a microcontroller
It controls to realize the whole process of switch and brake.Digital control module 9 opens laser wave according to the output of low and high level cycle square wave
It shape and closes laser waveform and arrives motor-drive circuit 8, in the present embodiment, digital control module 9 can be by chip microcontroller, and height is electric
Mean period square wave can be generated by 9 inside of digital control module or external input is to digital control module 9, by programming, in advance
Laser waveform will be first opened shown in Fig. 3 and closes laser waveform write-in digital control module 9, is exported and is opened laser waveform and pass shown in Fig. 3
Laser waveform.
Other than control 1 velocity of rotation of direct current generator is with direction, digital control module 9 also has another important function
It is exactly the power of feedback control laser beam.As shown in Fig. 2, the photodetector 3 installed on detector installation blade 4 can swash
Light beam measures the watt level of laser when being in "Off" state, the light intensity signal voltage for being proportional to laser power measured is defeated
Enter into digital control module 9 to carry out proportional-integral-differential (PID) operation, the voltage that PID calculating exports after the completion is given to sharp
Backfeed loop is formed in light light intensity modulator 10, to realize the control to laser beam power.
After closing the setting delay time that the laser period starts, laser is beaten completely on the detector 3 of blade, digital control
Output modulation voltage controls laser light after the PID arithmetic that module 9 carries out the laser power signal obtained by photodetector 3
Strong modulator 10 carries out laser output.Setting delay time range is generally 5~20ms, depending on actual conditions, PID arithmetic
Based on following formula (1):
Wherein, C (z) is the modulation voltage that digital control module 9 is output to laser intensity modulator 10, and z is expressed as the domains z,
kp、ki、kdRespectively proportional gain factor, integration gain factor, differential gain coefficient, the systematic sampling intervals in order to control T, this reality
Apply in example is 10 μ s.
When the logical laser period starts, digital control module in the setting pre-set time before the logical laser period is started
(9) modulation voltage being calculated is weighted averagely, is output to the modulation voltage after weighted average as the logical laser period
The modulation voltage of laser intensity modulator (10).Setting pre-set time is generally 0.25ms~1ms, according to depending on actual conditions,
Average weighted formula is based on formula (2).
Wherein, n is number by PID arithmetic of the digital control module 9 within setting pre-set time, ωnFor weight, make
For preferred embodiment, n is bigger, ωnIt is bigger, i.e., the weight coefficient ratio closer to corresponding modulation voltage of logical start time in laser period
It is again bigger, VnFor the modulation voltage exported after n-th PID arithmetic of the digital control module 9 within setting pre-set time.
This design be different from it is traditional by way of the method indirect stabilization laser intensity of light splitting, it can be achieved that directly steady
Surely laser intensity is used, there is no the losses of light intensity after the crosstalk and light splitting of bypass.
Fig. 7 is the effect measured drawing that this super-silent photoswitch controls laser power steadily in the long term, it is seen that the length of luminous power
Phase stability can reach 0.1% or so.
It can be made using the super-silent fast optical switch and control method of the present embodiment:
1, the switching speed of laser (2mm diameters) can reach 800 μ s or so, and switching delay is 8ms or so;
2, the longtime running shake of switching speed is less than 5%, and the longtime running shake of switching delay is long-term steady less than 2%
It is qualitative very good;
3, the fixed frame 2 of direct current generator and detector installation blade 4 can be made by 3D printing, direct current generator driving electricity
Road 8 is simple voltage controlled current source circuit.Entirely the volume of super-silent fast optical switch can accomplish very small that size is about
2cm × 2cm × 3cm (length × width × height), and cost of manufacture is very low, is highly suitable in integrated optical system;
4, when super-silent fast optical switch is in "Off" state, detector installs the photodetector 3 integrated on blade 4
The power of laser can be measured and direct feedback control is carried out to light intensity by laser intensity modulator 10, avoid tradition
The intensity loss after bypass crosstalk and light splitting in light splitting control light intensity method;
5, it exports to lead to laser waveform and close laser waveform by digital control module 9 and be exported to control motor-drive circuit 8
Corresponding electric current realizes that detector installs blade 4 to accurately control rotating speed and time of the direct current generator 1 in laser switch process
Rotating speed is quickly accelerated to prestissimo from 0, shortly into contact with the rubber sheet gasket 5 of positioning when it is again rapid slow down, and with relatively slow
Slow speed runs into rubber sheet gasket;The effect for realizing similar brake, substantially reduces the vibration and noise in switching process, simultaneously
Have no effect on switching speed and its stability.
In conclusion the present invention is compared with current existing various laser switches, the basic training in addition to realizing high-speed switch
Other than energy, high power laser can also be born, it is super-silent, directly laser power is monitored and feedback control, compact,
A series of advantages such as cost of manufacture is cheap.
Specific implementation case described in the present invention is only an illustration of the spirit of the invention.Technology belonging to the present invention
The technical staff in field can do described specific implementation case various modifications or additions or use similar side
Formula substitutes, and however, it does not deviate from the spirit of the invention or beyond the scope of the appended claims.