CN108572336A - A kind of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field - Google Patents
A kind of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- CN108572336A CN108572336A CN201710131139.3A CN201710131139A CN108572336A CN 108572336 A CN108572336 A CN 108572336A CN 201710131139 A CN201710131139 A CN 201710131139A CN 108572336 A CN108572336 A CN 108572336A
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- signal
- magnetic field
- magnetometer
- digital
- satellite
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/04—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using the flux-gate principle
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R33/00—Arrangements or instruments for measuring magnetic variables
- G01R33/02—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux
- G01R33/06—Measuring direction or magnitude of magnetic fields or magnetic flux using galvano-magnetic devices
- G01R33/09—Magnetoresistive devices
- G01R33/093—Magnetoresistive devices using multilayer structures, e.g. giant magnetoresistance sensors
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of detection devices for satellite spatial magnetic field, including：Digital flux-gate magnetometer, giant magnetoresistance magnetometer and power control circuit；The digital flux-gate magnetometer is connect with the communication interface of giant magnetoresistance magnetometer with power control circuit, the power control circuit controls the input voltage of digital flux-gate magnetometer and giant magnetoresistance magnetometer by satellite-signal, the synchronizing clock signals of magnetometer operation are provided simultaneously, and satellite is input to after the detection of magnetic field data of magnetometer output are packaged arrangement.The above-mentioned detection device of the present invention can detect the low frequency signal and high-frequency signal for obtaining satellite spatial magnetic field simultaneously, and carry out relatively independent signal processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to space exploration fields, and in particular to a kind of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field.
Background technology
Magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere is plasma to be coexisted with neutral gas, the complex space environment of close-coupled each other,
It is the main generation area that sun aggravating activities cause disastrous space weather, safety and navigation for mankind's solar-system operation,
The normal operation of communication system has great influence；Therefore, great scientific meaning is contained to the detection study in the region, and
With important application foreground.
And in the research of the space physics of magnetosphere-ionosphere-thermosphere, generally use flux-gate magnetometer carries out space magnetic field
Vector measurement.Fluxgate Technique is most developed earlier than nineteen thirty by German, and in the same period initially enters the practical stage.Its
Very big (+/- 65000nT) to the range spans of detection of magnetic field, resolution requirement is high, and (noise is less than 0.05nT/Hz1/2@1Hz), just
It is 130000nT that negative 65000nT, which refers to measurement range, and detection accuracy is 130000nT/2 if resolution ratio is 1616≈
1.98nT, and detection accuracy is 1000nT/2 when measurement range is 1000nT16≈ 0.015nT, so using the single range of tradition
Conventional flux-gate magnetometer be difficult the double requirements for meeting measurement range and resolution ratio simultaneously.In addition, since fluxgate senses
Device is unsatisfactory for the Effect on Detecting of high frequency magnetic field signal, it is caused to be only limitted to realize detecting function in low frequency magnetic field environment,
Applicability is relatively low, is unfavorable for the detection and research in changeable satellite spatial magnetic field.
Invention content
It is an object of the present invention to solve the skill that existing flux-gate magnetometer cannot be satisfied high frequency magnetic field signal detection
Art problem, provides a kind of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field, which can detect acquisition satellite spatial simultaneously
The low frequency signal and high-frequency signal in magnetic field, and carry out relatively independent signal processing.
To achieve the goals above, a kind of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field provided by the invention, including：Number
Flux-gate magnetometer, giant magnetoresistance magnetometer and power control circuit；The digital flux-gate magnetometer and giant magnetoresistance magnetometer
Communication interface connect with power control circuit, be respectively used to the low frequency signal and high-frequency signal of explorer satellite space magnetic field, institute
The power control circuit stated controls the input voltage of digital flux-gate magnetometer and giant magnetoresistance magnetometer by satellite-signal, simultaneously
The synchronizing clock signals of magnetometer operation are provided, and the detection of magnetic field data of magnetometer output are packaged to be input to after arrangement and are defended
Star.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the digital flux-gate magnetometer includes：Fluxgate sensor,
Preamplifier, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter and feedback current driver；The preposition amplification
Device is amplified processing to fluxgate sensor through the voltage signal that external magnetic field incudes, and is converted by AD converter
Digital signal；The digital signal can react external magnetic field vector after digital signal processing circuit is handled, by generation
The signal of information divides two-way to transmit, wherein signal is exported to power control circuit all the way, another way signal is converted through AD converter
After analog signal, it is input to the feedback coil of fluxgate sensor by feedback current driver, forms closed loop.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, there are two magnetic in parallel for digital flux-gate magnetometer setting
Open gate sensor, preamplifier, AD converter, the number being arranged on a corresponding circuit of each fluxgate sensor
Word signal processing circuit, D/A converter, feedback current driver are sequentially connected, and form closed loop；The giant magnetoresistance magnetic
There are four giant magneto-resistance sensor in parallel, two fluxgate sensors and four giant magneto-resistance sensors to be located at satellite week for strong meter setting
It encloses on different positions.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the fluxgate sensor of the digital flux-gate magnetometer and huge magnetic
It hinders and is both provided with temperature sensor on the giant magneto-resistance sensor of magnetometer, signal output end and the power supply of the temperature sensor control
Circuit connects.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the digital signal processing circuit includes：Phase-sensitive demodulator, product
Divide device, decimator and 422 serial line interfaces；Phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator and the decimator respectively to digital signal into
The synchronous demodulation of row phase sensitivity, integral and down-sampled processing；The digital signal processing circuit is by 422 serial line interfaces to power supply control
Circuit output processed is down-sampled treated signal.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the digital signal processing circuit further includes self-excitation adjuster,
The self-excitation adjuster includes：Sequentially connected white noise signal generator, Signal averaging device, high frequency AD converter and low pass
Filter；The output end of the phase-sensitive demodulator is connect with Signal averaging device, the output end and integrator of the low-pass filter
Connection, the high frequency white noise signal that the Signal averaging device exports white noise signal generator and phase-sensitive demodulator output
Signal carries out addition of waveforms, and carries out over-sampling and low pass to the signal after superposition by high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter
It is filtered.
As a further improvement of the above technical scheme, the AD converter is by the electricity after preamplifier enhanced processing
Pressure signal is converted into 16 digital signals, and the self-excitation adjuster is used to 16 digital signals carrying out over-sampling modulation
Afterwards, 24 digital signals are obtained.
A kind of the advantages of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field of the present invention, is：
1, by the way that digital flux-gate magnetometer and giant magnetoresistance magnetometer are carried out integrated structure design so that entire detection
Device can realize the synchronizing detection of the low frequency signal and high-frequency signal in satellite spatial magnetic field, and the letter for passing through power control circuit
Number control, the processing for the respective signal of progress for keeping two kinds of magnetometers relatively independent are not interfere with each other；2, at using digital signal
Reason mode will can largely realize the analog device of identical signal processing function all only by a block number word signal processor
It substitutes, reduces the power consumption and volume of flux-gate magnetometer, while avoiding analog signal by extraneous excessive interference；3, using double
Machine operating mode eliminates magnetic field gradient；4, it realizes detected with high accuracy using simpler device, effectively reduces cost；5、
The high resolution output that digital magnetometer is realized using over-sampling modulation system improves the detection essence of current flux-gate magnetometer
Degree；6, it is communicated using 422 serial port communicating protocols and satellite, improves communication reliability；7, since high precision component does not have mostly
There is aerospace grade, cannot achieve outer space detection, and use the circuit in the present invention, the aerospace grade device of general precision can be used
Realize high-precision Effect on Detecting.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of detection device structure chart for satellite spatial magnetic field of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the digital flux-gate magnetometer structural schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the digital signal processing circuit structural schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Relational graphs of the Fig. 4 between environmental magnetic field intensity and induced electromotive force second harmonic intensity.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of self-excitation adjuster in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 a are the signal waveforms for the measured signal that phase-sensitive demodulator exports in the present invention.
Fig. 6 b are signal waveforms of the measured signal shown in Fig. 6 a after the superposition of high frequency white noise signal.
Fig. 6 c are signal waveforms of the superposed signal after sampling processing shown in Fig. 6 b.
Fig. 6 d are low-pass filtered treated the signal waveforms of signal shown in Fig. 6 c.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field of the present invention is carried out with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples
It is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field provided by the invention, including：Digital fluxgate
Magnetometer, giant magnetoresistance magnetometer and power control circuit；The communication of the digital flux-gate magnetometer and giant magnetoresistance magnetometer
Interface is connect with power control circuit, is respectively used to the low frequency signal and high-frequency signal of explorer satellite space magnetic field, the electricity
Source control circuit controls the input voltage of digital flux-gate magnetometer and giant magnetoresistance magnetometer by satellite-signal, while providing magnetic
The synchronizing clock signals of strong meter operation, and it is input to satellite after the detection of magnetic field data packing of magnetometer output is arranged.
Detection device based on above structure, as shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the digital flux-gate magnetometer
Including：Fluxgate sensor, preamplifier, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter and feedback current driving
Device；The preamplifier is amplified processing to fluxgate sensor through the voltage signal that external magnetic field incudes, and
It is converted into digital signal by AD converter；The digital signal is after digital signal processing circuit is handled, by the energy of generation
The signal of enough reaction external magnetic field Vector Messages divides two-way to transmit, wherein signal is exported to power control circuit all the way, another way
Signal is input to the feedback line of fluxgate sensor by feedback current driver after AD converter is converted into analog signal
Circle forms closed loop.
As shown in Fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the digital flux-gate magnetometer uses dual-mode, that is, is arranged two
Fluxgate sensor in parallel, preamplifier, the AD being arranged on a corresponding circuit of each fluxgate sensor
Converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, feedback current driver are sequentially connected, and form closed loop；Make two
The output end of fluxgate sensor draws the independent signal processing circuit of two-way, and two fluxgate sensors are positioned over satellite
Outside casing on different positions.Using two-shipper operating mode, the data on two groups of different locations are obtained by detection to offset
Magnetic field error.The interference magnetic field generated specifically for offsetting satellite itself, does digital flux-gate magnetometer with reducing satellite
It disturbs.Based on above-mentioned operating mode, the giant magnetoresistance magnetometer may be provided with four giant magneto-resistance sensors in parallel, and by four
Giant magneto-resistance sensor is equally positioned on position different around satellite.
On the fluxgate sensor of the number flux-gate magnetometer and the giant magneto-resistance sensor of giant magnetoresistance magnetometer
It is provided with temperature sensor, the signal output end of the temperature sensor is connect with power control circuit, is passed for measuring each magnetic field
The temperature of sensor, and inverting is carried out to temperature data result according to the temperature curve that experiment measures, it is missed to eliminate temperature drift
Difference.
The fluxgate sensor is made of the secondary coil of the armature winding and encirclement magnetic core that are wound on magnetic core.
Fluxgate sensor armature winding usually loads the doublet impulse exciting current of certain frequency fo (~10kHz).In each excitation
Under current impulse effect, magnetic core is saturated twice.In the presence of external magnetic field, it can excite secondary in secondary coil
Harmonic component, the amplitude proportional of second harmonic component is in the size of external magnetic field, and flux-gate magnetometer is exactly using in secondary coil
Second harmonic is proportional to the principle of external magnetic field strength to detect magnetic field.The arbitrary even-order harmonic of fluxgate sensor output can be made
To be tested the measurement in magnetic field, due to secondary harmonic amplitude maximum, therefore usually choose secondly subharmonic voltage measurement is tested magnetic field.Magnetic
Open gate sensors use electromagnetic principle of induction realizes the detection to magnetic field, and magnetic signal is converted to electric signal.But from Fig. 4
Shown in known to relationship between environmental magnetic field intensity B and induced electromotive force second harmonic intensity H：If residing for signal coil
The magnetic field intensity of environment is excessively high, then causes the linearity not high, weighs outer field strength using second harmonic intensity in this case
When spending, great error necessarily will produce.For this purpose, in the present invention, by the feedback current driver of setting by feedback signal
It is input to the feedback coil of fluxgate sensor, for offseting environmental magnetic field, the coil of fluxgate sensor is made to always work in
Near zero magnetic field, since null field is much smaller relative to the non-actuated external magnetic field in open loop magnetic core, this is to extraneous tested magnetic field
Influence is reduced by, and is conducive to the raising of the linearity, makes coil working in best linear region, and effectively inhibit temperature drift and
Zero drift phenomenon.
Circuit based on above structure, as shown in figure 3, in the present embodiment, the digital signal processing circuit includes：
Phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator, decimator, 422 serial line interfaces and self-excitation adjuster；The phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator and
Decimator carries out phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation, integral and down-sampled processing, the self-excitation adjuster to digital signal respectively and is used for
After 16 digital signals are carried out over-sampling modulation, 24 digital signals are obtained；422 serial line interfaces will be down-sampled
Treated, and signal is exported to power control circuit.
Due to digital flux-gate magnetometer communication interface data send and command reception channel it is more, power consumption limit compared with
To be stringent, so being communicated with satellite using 422 serial port communicating protocols, compared to other communication modes, power consumption is smaller, reduces
The load of satellite.
Using foregoing circuit carry out signal processing flow be：Fluxgate sensor output signal enters preamplifier,
After being amplified processing to signal, export amplified signal enter ADC carry out analog-to-digital conversion, by transformed digital signal into
Enter digital signal processing circuit and carries out a series of processing；16 bit digitals in digital signal processing circuit first to ADC outputs
Signal carries out phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation, is then sent into self-excitation adjuster to demodulated signal, shake excitation, subsequent self-excitation are carried out to signal
Modulated signal is output to integrator by adjuster, is exported after carrying out Integral Processing, wherein signal is output to DAC progress all the way
Digital-to-analogue conversion, transformed analog quantity are input to sensor feedback coil by feedback current driver, complete entire closed loop system
The signal processing of system after the down-sampled processing of another way signal, is exported by 422 serial ports to power control circuit.
For digital flux-gate magnetometer, the intensity of useful signal (second harmonic) is generally much less than primary and three
The intensity of order harmonic components, thoroughly to remove primary and third-harmonic component, it is necessary to use phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation.Phase sensitivity synchronizes solution
The principle of tune be reference signal preceding half period to signal carry out with mutually amplify, reference signal second half of the cycle to letter
Number carry out reverse phase amplification.
In addition, the phase-sensitive demodulator, self-excitation adjuster, integrator and decimator can be carried out integrated set by FPGA
Meter, to further decrease the power consumption and volume of circuit.
The above-mentioned digital flux-gate magnetometer of the present invention uses signal jitter oversampling technique, and thus technology is by 16 bit digitals
Signal enhancing is effective 24 position digital signal, greatly improves sampling precision.By traditional flux-gate magnetometer part by mould
Quasi- circuit is changed to digital circuit, and 16 ADC and 16 DAC is made to realize 24 acquisition precisions, surmounts existing fluxgate essence significantly
Degree is horizontal.
As shown in figure 5, the self-excitation adjuster specifically includes：Sequentially connected white noise signal generator, signal are folded
Add device, high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter；The output end of the phase-sensitive demodulator is connect with Signal averaging device, the low pass
The output end of filter is connect with integrator, the high frequency white noise that the Signal averaging device exports white noise signal generator
The signal of signal and phase-sensitive demodulator output carries out addition of waveforms, and by high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter to superposition after
Signal carry out over-sampling and low-pass filtering.Signal after phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation must filter off high fdrequency component, can just obtain
Reflection is tested the DC quantity of magnitude of field intensity.For this purpose, can obtain being finally reflected tested magnetic field intensity by low-pass filter
Voltage value.After 16 position digital signals enter self-excitation adjuster, concussion modulation is carried out to signal, principle is will have
The high frequency white noise signal of some strength is added in 16 position digital signal.
Since high frequency white noise signal frequency response curve is flat straight line, and after filtering low frequency part, remaining height
Frequency part will not be overlapped with the DAC low frequency signals exported and influence system output signal.After self-excitation adjustment module is added,
Signal-to-quantizing noise ratio value is as shown by the following formula：
Wherein, B is quantization digit, i.e. ADC digits；O is over-sampling multiple, i.e. system sampling frequency and nyquist sampling
The ratio of rate.It can be seen that by above-mentioned formula, above-mentioned Signal averaging processing can significantly improve system signal noise ratio i.e. system output
Precision.
In this example, random function can be used to generate a high frequency white noise letter for the white noise signal generator
Number, the frequency response curve of white noise is a flat straight line, and the energy on each frequency point is equal.As shown in Figure 6 a, this implementation
Measured signal used by example is ideal sinusoidal signal, then is overlapped high frequency white noise signal and the measured signal
Afterwards, the signal waveform of generation is as shown in Figure 6 b；The digital signal obtained after high frequency AD conversion is carried out later as fig. 6 c, will be turned
Digital signal after changing carries out low-pass filtering, the signal of final output waveform as shown in fig 6d.By comparing Fig. 6 a's to Fig. 6 d
Signal waveform situation of change, it can be clearly seen that：Relative to the direct signal obtained after analog-to-digital conversion, modulated by self-excitation
Signal resolution after algorithm, which has, to be substantially improved.
It should be noted last that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting.Although ginseng
It is described the invention in detail according to embodiment, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that, to the technical side of the present invention
Case is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departure from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered in the present invention
Right in.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of detection device for satellite spatial magnetic field, which is characterized in that including：Digital flux-gate magnetometer, giant magnetoresistance
Magnetometer and power control circuit；The communication interface of the digital flux-gate magnetometer and giant magnetoresistance magnetometer is controlled with power supply
Circuit connects, and is respectively used to the low frequency signal and high-frequency signal of explorer satellite space magnetic field, the power control circuit passes through
The input voltage of satellite-signal control digital flux-gate magnetometer and giant magnetoresistance magnetometer, while the synchronization of magnetometer operation being provided
Clock signal, and it is input to satellite after the detection of magnetic field data of magnetometer output are packaged arrangement.
2. the detection device according to claim 1 for satellite spatial magnetic field, which is characterized in that the digital magnetic flux
Flux gate magnetometer includes：Fluxgate sensor, preamplifier, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter and feedback
Current driver；The preamplifier is amplified fluxgate sensor through the voltage signal that external magnetic field incudes
Processing, and digital signal is converted by AD converter；The digital signal will give birth to after digital signal processing circuit is handled
At the signal that can react external magnetic field Vector Message divide two-way to transmit, wherein all the way signal to power control circuit export,
Another way signal is input to the anti-of fluxgate sensor after AD converter is converted into analog signal, by feedback current driver
Feeder line circle forms closed loop.
3. the detection device according to claim 2 for satellite spatial magnetic field, which is characterized in that the digital magnetic flux
Flux gate magnetometer setting is set on a corresponding circuit of each fluxgate sensor there are two fluxgate sensor in parallel
Preamplifier, AD converter, digital signal processing circuit, D/A converter, the feedback current driver set are sequentially connected, and shape
At closed loop；The described giant magnetoresistance magnetometer setting there are four giant magneto-resistance sensor in parallel, two fluxgate sensors and
Four giant magneto-resistance sensors are located on position different around satellite.
4. the detection device according to claim 2 for satellite spatial magnetic field, which is characterized in that the number fluxgate
It is both provided with temperature sensor on the fluxgate sensor of magnetometer and the giant magneto-resistance sensor of giant magnetoresistance magnetometer, which passes
The signal output end of sensor is connect with power control circuit.
5. the detection device according to claim 2 for satellite spatial magnetic field, which is characterized in that the digital signal
Processing circuit includes：Phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator, decimator and 422 serial line interfaces；The phase-sensitive demodulator, integrator
Phase sensitivity synchronous demodulation, integral and down-sampled processing are carried out to digital signal respectively with decimator；The Digital Signal Processing
Circuit exports down-sampled treated signal by 422 serial line interfaces to power control circuit.
6. the detection device according to claim 5 for satellite spatial magnetic field, which is characterized in that the digital signal
Processing circuit further includes self-excitation adjuster, and the self-excitation adjuster includes：Sequentially connected white noise signal generator, signal
Superimposer, high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter；The output end of the phase-sensitive demodulator is connect with Signal averaging device, described low
The output end of bandpass filter is connect with integrator, the high frequency white noise that the Signal averaging device exports white noise signal generator
Acoustical signal and the signal of phase-sensitive demodulator output carry out addition of waveforms, and by high frequency AD converter and low-pass filter to superposition
Signal afterwards carries out over-sampling and low-pass filtering treatment.
7. the detection device according to claim 6 for satellite spatial magnetic field, which is characterized in that the AD converter
Convert the voltage signal after preamplifier enhanced processing to 16 digital signals, the self-excitation adjuster is used for 16
After the digital signal of position carries out over-sampling modulation, 24 digital signals are obtained.
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| CN109799467A (en) * | 2019-01-31 | 2019-05-24 | 北京大学 | Space magnetic field measuring device, measuring system and measurement method without boom |
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