CN108570585A - A kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof, belong to field of alloy material.Corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the present invention, including component and its weight percent be respectively:The Sr of 0.8~1.0% Sm, 1.0~1.5% Sn, 0.5~0.6% Ca, 0.3~0.7% Al and 0.6~0.9%, surplus are Mg and inevitable impurity;The elemental composition and its weight percent that the impurity includes be respectively:Fe≤0.004%, Cu≤0.001%, Ni≤0.002%, Co≤0.001%, other impurities element total content≤0.02%.Corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the present invention, it is designed by Sm, Sn, Ca, Al, Sr multicomponent alloy scientific formula, the stability of magnesium alloy corrosion-resistant surface film is significantly improved under conditions of lower cost, experiment shows that the corrosion resistance of the alloy is greatly enhanced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of alloy material, and in particular, to a kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Magnesium alloy is structural metallic materials most light in industrial practical application at present, has small proportion (1.75-
1.85g/cm3, about the 60% of aluminium, the 20% of steel), and it is high with specific stiffness, damping shock absorption is good, be easy to cut processing,
Impact absorbing energy is big, is easy to cast form, and the advantages that be easily recycled, be acknowledged as a kind of effective loss of weight, it is effectively energy saving,
Be conducive to the ideal structure material of sustainable development, becoming 21 century most has the metal material of application prospect.In automobile, boat
There is wide application in the fields such as sky, space flight, electronic information, weaponry, and therefore, magnesium alloy is as structural material in recent years
Using rapid development.The magnesium such as AZ91D, AM60, AE42, WE54, the WE43 for thering is casting industry to apply being most widely used at present
Alloy, wrought magnesium alloy AZ31, AZ61, AZ80 for being applied in plank, proximate matter etc..However the corrosion resistant of existing magnesium alloy materials
Corrosion can be poor, this seriously constrains the wide popularization and application of magnesium alloy materials, therefore how to improve the corrosion-resistant of magnesium alloy
Performance seems particularly significant.
Work is conducted extensive research to the corrosion resistance for how improving magnesium alloy both at home and abroad, wherein being closed by adding
The method of gold element is to improve the corrosion proof important channel of magnesium alloy, and the addition of appropriate alloying element can change in magnesium alloy
Phase structure and respective corrosion potential, the corrosion resistance of alloy can be significantly improved, this be solve magnesium alloy it is corrosion-resistant
Property difference it is most effective be also most essential method.
Invention content
For the above situation, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloys and preparation method thereof.The present invention
Corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy, by Sm, Sn, Ca, Al, Sr multicomponent alloy scientific formula design, under conditions of lower cost
The stability for significantly improving magnesium alloy corrosion-resistant surface film improves the corrosion resistance of alloy.
To achieve the goals above, the concrete scheme that the present invention uses for:
A kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy, it is characterised in that:Including component and its weight percent be respectively:0.8~1.0%
Sm, 1.0~1.5% Sn, 0.5~0.6% Ca, 0.3~0.7% Al and 0.6~0.9% Sr, surplus is Mg and not
Evitable impurity;The elemental composition and its weight percent that the impurity includes be respectively:Fe≤0.004%, Cu≤
0.001%, Ni≤0.002%, Co≤0.001%, other impurities element total content≤0.02%.
The present invention also provides a kind of methods preparing above-mentioned corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy, include the following steps:
Step 1: component and its weight percent that corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy described in accordance with the claim 1 includes weigh raw material,
The raw material are:Pure magnesium, pure tin, fine aluminium, pure strontium, Mg-Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys;
Step 2: by pure magnesium, fine aluminium and pure tin in CO2+SF6Mixed gas protected lower fusing, wait for melt temperature reach 660~
Pure strontium, Mg-Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are added at 670 DEG C, is warming up to 690~700 DEG C after fusing, stand 8~
10min casts when temperature is down to 670~680 DEG C, obtains cast alloy, cast alloy is carried out destressing heat treatment, i.e.,
Obtain corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy.
It is advanced optimized as to said program, the content of impurity element meets in the raw material:Fe≤
0.0005%, Cu≤0.0001%, Ni≤0.0002%, Co≤0.0005%.
It is advanced optimized as to said program, the pure magnesium, pure tin, fine aluminium, pure strontium, Mg-Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-
Ca intermediate alloys are preheated to 200~220 DEG C before use and keep the temperature 1~2h.
It is advanced optimized as to said program, casting described in step 2 uses steel die.
It being advanced optimized as to said program, destressing heat treatment temperature described in step 2 is 150~175 DEG C,
Time is 1~2h.
The corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy prepared through the invention, passes through Sm, Sn, Ca, Al, Sr multicomponent alloy section
Formula design is learned, the purpose for the corrosion resistance for increasing substantially magnesium alloy at lower cost is realized.A small amount of rare earth element
The addition of Sm being capable of refining alloy crystal grain, it is easy to and Al-RE phases are formed, the loose and hot cracking tendency of microscopic structure is reduced, and
The content of impurity F e, Ni can be reduced, magnesium alloy is purified, improves the purity of alloy, reduce the adverse effect of galvanic corrosion, significantly
Improve the corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy.But the additive amount of rare earth element Sm is not easy excessively, on the one hand excessive be added can increase conjunction
Golden density improves cost of alloy, and on the other hand excess Sm can generate the stronger effect of isolating to matrix, and precipitated phase also generates slightly
Change, the trend of segregation, tissue and homogeneity of ingredients are deteriorated, and will have an adverse effect to the corrosion resisting property of magnesium alloy.Therefore it is of the invention
The additive amount of middle Sm is respectively 0.8~1.0% to be advisable.Al is one of alloy element mostly important in magnesium alloy, the alloy
The addition of middle Al will not form Mg less17Al12Phase, it is however generally that, a small amount of Al is solid-solubilized in magnesium matrix so that skin covering of the surface is more steady
Fixed densification, is conducive to the raising of corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy energy.The addition of a small amount of Ca can refining alloy microscopic structure, be formed by
Mg-Ca phases can reduce the second phase and the potential difference of matrix, enhance the corrosion resistance of matrix, so as to drop low-alloyed corrosion speed
Rate.The addition of a small amount of Sn can reduce in alloy mutually and the geometric dimension of phase, crystal grain thinning, promotion alloying element in the alloy equal
Even distribution, the content and the porosity for reducing harmful element and being mingled with.In addition, purification function of organization is played in the addition of Sn, this can be with
Reduce the adverse effect of harmful element and impurity to the galvanic corrosion of matrix phase.But excess Sn can make the precipitated phase of alloy
Mg2Sn increases segregation, and alloy grain is grown up, and tissue and homogeneity of ingredients are deteriorated, and the corrosion resisting property of alloy continuously decreases, therefore this hair
The additive amount of bright middle Sn is respectively 1.0~1.5% to be advisable.Influences of a small amount of Sr to corrosion stability of magnesium alloy mainly improves skin covering of the surface
Performance, be formed simultaneously a small amount of Mg4Sr precipitated phases can reduce the second phase and the potential difference of matrix, enhance the corrosion resistance of matrix,
So as to drop low-alloyed corrosion rate.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, the preparation method of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the invention is simple for process, and raw material sources are extensive, may be used domestic a large amount of raw
Pure magnesium, pure tin, fine aluminium, pure strontium, Mg-Sm intermediate alloys and the Mg-Ca intermediate alloys of production and sale, and rare earth element can be reduced
Scaling loss in fusion process reduces energy consumption and cost.
2, corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the invention is carried out Sm, Sn, Ca, Al, Sr multicomponent using the method for multicomponent microalloying
Scientific formula designs, and realizes the purpose for the corrosion resistance for increasing substantially magnesium alloy at lower cost, is soaked through excessive erosion
Bubble experiment and corrosion salt mist experiment, the results showed that corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the invention has excellent corrosion resistance.
Specific implementation mode
Below will be by specific embodiment, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described.
The pure magnesium of raw material that is arrived involved in the specific embodiment of the invention, pure tin, fine aluminium, pure strontium, Mg-Sm intermediate alloys and
Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are commercial product, and Mg-Sm intermediate alloys are Mg-20%Sm, and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are Mg-20%Ca
(% refers both to weight percent), the content of impurity element meets in above-mentioned raw materials:Fe≤0.0005%, Cu≤0.0001%, Ni
≤ 0.0002%, Co≤0.0005%.
Embodiment 1
The weight percentage of a kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy, the chemical composition of the magnesium alloy is as follows:0.8%Sm, 1.4%
Sn, 0.6%Ca, 0.7%Al, 0.7%Sr, surplus Mg.
The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1) the desired amount of raw material are weighed according to proportioning, each raw material preheating to 200 DEG C and is then kept the temperature into 2h;Raw material is pure
Magnesium, fine aluminium, pure tin are in CO2+SF6The pure strontium of raw material, Mg- is added in mixed gas protected lower fusing when melt temperature reaches 660 DEG C
Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are warming up to 690 DEG C after fusing, stand 10min, poured when temperature is down to 670 DEG C
Casting, casting use steel die, obtain cast alloy.
2) gained cast alloy is subjected to destressing heat treatment, heat treatment temperature is 150 DEG C, and the time is 2h to get corrosion resistant
Lose magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 2
The weight percentage of a kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy, the chemical composition of the magnesium alloy is as follows:0.9%Sm, 1.5%
Sn, 0.5%Ca, 0.6%Al, 0.9%Sr, surplus Mg.
The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1) the desired amount of raw material are weighed according to proportioning, each raw material preheating to 210 DEG C and is then kept the temperature into 2h;Raw material is pure
Magnesium, fine aluminium, pure tin are in CO2+SF6The pure strontium of raw material, Mg- is added in mixed gas protected lower fusing when melt temperature reaches 670 DEG C
Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are warming up to 700 DEG C after fusing, stand 8min, poured when temperature is down to 680 DEG C
Casting, casting use steel die, obtain cast alloy.
2) gained cast alloy is subjected to destressing heat treatment, heat treatment temperature is 175 DEG C, and the time is 1h to get corrosion resistant
Lose magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 3
The weight percentage of a kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy, the chemical composition of the magnesium alloy is as follows:0.9%Sm, 1.2%
Sn, 0.5%Ca, 0.3%Al, 0.8%Sr, surplus Mg.
The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1) the desired amount of raw material are weighed according to proportioning, each raw material preheating to 220 DEG C and is then kept the temperature into 1h;Raw material is pure
Magnesium, fine aluminium, pure tin are in CO2+SF6The pure strontium of raw material, Mg- is added in mixed gas protected lower fusing when melt temperature reaches 660 DEG C
Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are warming up to 690 DEG C after fusing, stand 10min, poured when temperature is down to 670 DEG C
Casting, casting use steel die, obtain cast alloy.
2) gained cast alloy is subjected to destressing heat treatment, heat treatment temperature is 175 DEG C, and the time is 1h to get corrosion resistant
Lose magnesium alloy.
Embodiment 4
The weight percentage of a kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy, the chemical composition of the magnesium alloy is as follows:1.0%Sm, 1.0%
Sn, 0.6%Ca, 0.5%Al, 0.6%Sr, surplus Mg.
The preparation method of the corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of the present embodiment, includes the following steps:
1) the desired amount of raw material are weighed according to proportioning, each raw material preheating to 220 DEG C and is then kept the temperature into 1h;Raw material is pure
Magnesium, fine aluminium, pure tin are in CO2+SF6The pure strontium of raw material, Mg- is added in mixed gas protected lower fusing when melt temperature reaches 670 DEG C
Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are warming up to 700 DEG C after fusing, stand 8min, poured when temperature is down to 680 DEG C
Casting, casting use steel die, obtain cast alloy.
2) gained cast alloy is subjected to destressing heat treatment, heat treatment temperature is 150 DEG C, and the time is 2h to get corrosion resistant
Lose magnesium alloy.
Comparative example 1
The corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of this comparative example, consists of the following mass percentage components:1.5%Sm, 2.0%Sn,
0.3%Ca, 0.2%Al, 0.5%Sr, surplus Mg.
The preparation method of the magnesium-rare earth of this comparative example, in addition to the amount of the raw material of use, remaining is completely the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
The corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of this comparative example, consists of the following mass percentage components:0.6%Sm, 0.8%Sn,
0.8%Ca, 0.9%Al, 1.0%Sr, surplus Mg.
The preparation method of the magnesium-rare earth of this comparative example, in addition to the amount of the raw material of use, remaining is completely the same as embodiment 1.
Experimental example 1
The corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of Examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1~2 is subjected to corrosion soak test respectively.Before corrosion test
φ 15mm × 5mm corrosion samples are made by mach method, then No. 2000 liquid honings are used to handle, then use acetone
Initial mass of the quality as the experiment of sample is weighed after being dried with washes of absolute alcohol.The corrosive medium that corrosion test uses
For 3.5% NaCl melts, each alloy takes three parallel samples to be tested.
When corrosion experiment, corrosion sample is hung in corrosive medium and is impregnated for 24 hours, then sample is taken out to the chromium in boiling
Acid+nitric acid silver aqueous fusion liquid (200g/L CrO3+10g/L AgNO3) in clean 5min, recycle acetone and washes of absolute alcohol drying
The quality for weighing sample after removal corrosion product with assay balance afterwards, calculates the corrosion rate of alloy according to the following formula:
K=24 (W1-W2)/(st);
Wherein K is corrosion rate (mgcm-2·d-1);W1And W2Respectively corrode the quality (g) of front and back sample;S is examination
Surface area (the cm of sample2);T is etching time (h).Test result is shown in Table 1.
The corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of 1 Examples 1 to 4 of table and comparative example 1~2 compares
Alloying component | Corrosion rate (mgcm-2·d-1) |
Embodiment 1 | 0.32 |
Embodiment 2 | 0.28 |
Embodiment 3 | 0.24 |
Embodiment 4 | 0.21 |
Comparative example 1 | 0.87 |
Comparative example 2 | 1.24 |
Experimental example 2
The corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of Examples 1 to 4 and comparative example 1~2 is subjected to salt spray test respectively.Before salt spray corrosion test
φ 15mm × 5mm corrosion samples are made by mach method, then No. 2000 liquid honings are used to handle, then use acetone
Initial mass of the quality as the experiment of sample is weighed after being dried with washes of absolute alcohol, each alloy takes three parallel samples
It is tested.The corrosive medium that corrosion test uses is 5% NaCl melt, and the pH value of solution is 6.5~7.2, experimental temperature
It is 25 ± 1 DEG C, relative humidity 90%, experimental period 120h.Then sample is taken out to the chromic acid silver nitrate aqueous fusion in boiling
Liquid (200g/L CrO3+10g/L AgNO3) in clean 5min, recycle acetone and washes of absolute alcohol drying after use assay balance
The quality of sample after removing corrosion product is weighed, corrosion rate is calculated according to weight-loss method.Test result is shown in Table 2.
The corrosion resistance of the corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of 1 Examples 1 to 4 of table and comparative example 1~2 compares
Compared to the corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of comparative example 1~2 it can be seen from data in Tables 1 and 2, Examples 1 to 4
Corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy greatly reduces the corrosion rate of magnesium alloy, and the corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy of Examples 1 to 4 has excellent corrosion resistant
Corrosion energy.
It should be noted that embodiment of the present invention is only illustrative, the protection model of the present invention is not limited with this
Enclose, protection scope of the present invention based on claims, but based on spirit of that invention, any further extension or
It improves, all belongs to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy, it is characterised in that:Including component and its weight percent be respectively:0.8~1.0%
Sm, 1.0~1.5% Sn, 0.5~0.6% Ca, 0.3~0.7% Al and 0.6~0.9% Sr, surplus is that Mg and can not keep away
The impurity exempted from;The elemental composition and its weight percent that the impurity includes be respectively:Fe≤0.004%, Cu≤0.001%, Ni
≤ 0.002%, Co≤0.001%, other impurities element total content≤0.02%.
2. a kind of preparation method of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
Step 1: component and its weight percent that corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy described in accordance with the claim 1 includes weigh raw material,
The raw material are:Pure magnesium, pure tin, fine aluminium, pure strontium, Mg-Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys;
Step 2: by pure magnesium, fine aluminium and pure tin in CO2+SF6Mixed gas protected lower fusing, waits for that melt temperature reaches 660 ~ 670
DEG C when pure strontium, Mg-Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys is added, be warming up to 690 ~ 700 DEG C after fusing, stand 8 ~ 10min,
It casts when temperature is down to 670 ~ 680 DEG C, obtains cast alloy, cast alloy is subjected to destressing heat treatment to get corrosion resistant
Lose magnesium alloy.
3. a kind of preparation method of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:Impurity in the raw material
The content of element meets:Fe≤0.0005%, Cu≤0.0001%, Ni≤0.0002%, Co≤0.0005%.
4. a kind of preparation method of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:It is the pure magnesium, pure tin, pure
Aluminium, pure strontium, Mg-Sm intermediate alloys and Mg-Ca intermediate alloys are preheated to 200 ~ 220 DEG C before use and keep the temperature 1 ~ 2h.
5. a kind of preparation method of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:It casts described in step 2
Using steel die.
6. a kind of preparation method of corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that:It goes to answer described in step 2
Power heat treatment temperature is 150 ~ 175 DEG C, and the time is 1 ~ 2h.
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110724843A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-24 | 重庆大学 | Method for removing magnesium oxide inclusion in magnesium or magnesium alloy melt |
CN117025088A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-11-10 | 株洲宜安精密制造有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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JP2006225750A (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2006-08-31 | Ryobi Ltd | Magnesium alloy for die casting |
CN106544563A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of biodegradable Mg Ca Mn Sn magnesium alloy materials and preparation method and application |
CN107099714A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of magnesium-rare earth and preparation method thereof |
CN107841667A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-03-27 | 朱旭 | Creep resisting magnesium alloy materials and preparation method |
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Patent Citations (4)
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JP2006225750A (en) * | 2005-02-21 | 2006-08-31 | Ryobi Ltd | Magnesium alloy for die casting |
CN106544563A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-29 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | A kind of biodegradable Mg Ca Mn Sn magnesium alloy materials and preparation method and application |
CN107099714A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 河南科技大学 | A kind of magnesium-rare earth and preparation method thereof |
CN107841667A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-03-27 | 朱旭 | Creep resisting magnesium alloy materials and preparation method |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN110724843A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-24 | 重庆大学 | Method for removing magnesium oxide inclusion in magnesium or magnesium alloy melt |
CN117025088A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-11-10 | 株洲宜安精密制造有限公司 | Corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy and preparation method and application thereof |
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