Plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plasmas, and particularly relates to a plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal through plasmas.
Background
The method for preparing acetylene by pyrolyzing coal with plasma is a short-flow and high-efficiency acetylene production method, and due to the characteristics of high temperature and high enthalpy change of the plasma, the volume of the reactor for preparing acetylene by pyrolyzing coal powder with plasma is small, so that the wall surface of the reactor is easily burnt. And the temperature of the reaction zone is not easy to control, so that the reaction of the pulverized coal is not uniform, and the utilization efficiency of the pulverized coal is low.
Plasma guns are common devices for generating plasma, but the existing plasma guns have many problems, such as uneven electric field intensity distribution in the plasma gun, low power, low plasma forming efficiency and short service life.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems of the prior art, the present invention discloses a plasma gun for producing acetylene from coal, comprising: the high-voltage electrode comprises a hollow hemispherical high-voltage electrode body, a magnetic control coil assembly and a magnetic control coil, wherein the hemispherical high-voltage electrode body is of a double-layer structure with an inner wall and an outer wall, the outer side of the outer wall of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode body is provided with the magnetic control coil assembly, and the shape of the magnetic control coil assembly is matched with the outer side surface of the outer wall of;
the electrode comprises a hollow truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode body, a hollow truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode body and a hollow electrode body, wherein the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode body is of a double-layer structure with an inner wall and an outer wall;
the electrode isolation assembly is of a double-layer structure with an inner wall and an outer wall, and the double-layer structure integrally forms an annular body matched with the hollow hemispherical high-voltage electrode and the hollow truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode and is used for connecting the hemispherical high-voltage electrode and the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode to ensure the electrical insulation between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode; after the high-voltage electrode, the low-voltage electrode and the electrode isolation assembly are connected, the double-layer structure formed between the inner wall and the outer wall is communicated with each other to form a space for cooling water to flow in the space so as to cool the plasma gun; the inner wall forms a cavity of the plasma gun;
wherein the electrode isolation assembly comprises a gas inlet adjusting component used for adjusting the flow and direction of gas entering the plasma gun; the cooling water inlet and outlet are arranged on the hemispherical high-voltage electrode and communicated with the double-layer structure of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode, and the cooling water inlet and outlet are arranged on the circular truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode and communicated with the double-layer structure of the circular truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, a cooling water outlet can be arranged on the hemispherical high-voltage electrode of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal, and a cooling water inlet can be arranged on the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the gas inlet adjusting part of the plasma torch for preparing acetylene from coal plasma may include a gas control valve disposed at an outer side of the electrode isolation assembly, a gas pipe disposed in the double-layered structure of the electrode isolation assembly, and vent holes disposed at regular intervals on an inner wall of the electrode isolation assembly.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the outer side surface of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode of the plasma coal-to-acetylene plasma gun and the outer side surface of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode can be tangent.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the inner side surface of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma and the inner side surface of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode can be tangent.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the inner side surface of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode, the inner side surface of the electrode isolation assembly and the inner side surface of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode of the plasma coal-to-acetylene plasma gun can be tangent.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, a streamline guide groove can be arranged on the inner side surface of the cavity of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma, and the streamline trend of the streamline guide groove can be set from the top end of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode to the top end of the circular truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, a gas guide plate can be arranged on the inner side surface of the cavity of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma, the gas guide plate forms a streamline guide groove, and the guide groove integrally forms a spiral structure.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, a vent hole can be arranged in the guide groove of the plasma coal acetylene plasma gun, and the direction of the vent hole can be consistent with the flow line direction of the guide groove.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, after the high-voltage electrode, the electrode isolation assembly and the low-voltage electrode of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma are connected, the inner wall of the through space formed by the double-layer structure is arranged in an electric insulation manner.
The plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma disclosed by the invention has the beneficial technical effects of simple and reasonable structure, high strength, convenience in control, uniform electric field intensity distribution, high plasma forming efficiency and long service life of the plasma gun.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a plasma gun for producing acetylene from coal
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the high voltage electrode, the low voltage electrode and the electrode isolation assembly
Reference numerals
1 hemispherical high-voltage electrode 11 hemispherical high-voltage electrode outer wall
12 hemispherical high-voltage electrode inner wall 2 round platform-shaped low-voltage electrode
21 round platform shape low voltage electrode outer wall 22 round platform shape low voltage electrode inner wall
3 electrode isolation assembly 30 inlet adjustment feature
31 electrode isolation assembly outer wall 32 electrode isolation assembly inner wall
33 gas control valve 34 vent
35 gas pipe 4 second cooling water inlet and outlet
5 first cooling water inlet and outlet 6 magnetic control coil
7 high-voltage terminal and 8 low-voltage terminal
9 plasma gun outlet
Detailed Description
The word "embodiment" as used herein, is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments, including any embodiment illustrated as "exemplary". The performance index measurements in the examples of this method, unless otherwise indicated, were carried out using test methods conventional in the art. It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the disclosure.
Unless defined otherwise, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs; other raw materials, reagents, test methods and technical means not specifically mentioned in the present invention are those generally used in the art.
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present disclosure. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. In the examples, some methods, means, apparatuses, devices, raw material compositions, molecular structures, etc. known to those skilled in the art are not described in detail in order to highlight the gist of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural composition diagram of an alternative embodiment of the plasma gun for producing acetylene from coal plasma, a hemispherical high-voltage electrode 1 is a double-layer structure made of a metal conductive plate and provided with an outer wall 11 and an inner wall 12, in order to ensure the stability of the inner and outer layer structures, a plurality of supporting components can be arranged between the inner layer and the outer layer, a magnetic control coil component 6 is arranged on the outer side of the outer wall, and the shape of the magnetic control coil component is matched with the outer side surface of the outer wall of the high-voltage electrode; the hemispherical magnetic control coil arranged on the hemispherical outer side can enable an arc root formed on the high-voltage electrode to rotate at a high speed along the inner side of the pipe wall. The high-voltage terminal 7 is connected with the high-voltage end of an external high-frequency arc striking power supply.
A truncated cone-shaped low voltage electrode 2 having a double-layer structure with an inner wall 22 and an outer wall 21; the bottom end of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode 6 is connected with the hemispherical high-voltage electrode 1, and the top end of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode 6 is provided with an opening which is arranged as an outlet 9 of the plasma gun. The low-voltage terminal 8 is externally connected with a zero line or a low-voltage end of an arc striking power supply.
The electrode isolation assembly 3 is of a double-layer structure with an inner wall 32 and an outer wall 33 and is used for connecting the hemispherical high-voltage electrode 1 and the circular truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode 2 to ensure the electrical insulation between the high-voltage electrode and the low-voltage electrode; after the high-voltage electrode 1, the low-voltage electrode 2 and the electrode isolation assembly 3 are connected, a double-layer structure formed between the inner wall and the outer wall is communicated with each other to form a space for cooling water to flow in the space so as to cool the plasma gun; the inner wall forms a cavity of the plasma gun;
wherein the electrode isolation assembly comprises a gas inlet regulating component 30 for regulating the flow and direction of gas entering the plasma gun; the hemispherical high-voltage electrode 1 is provided with a first cooling water inlet and outlet 5 communicated with the double-layer structure of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode, and the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode 2 is provided with a second cooling water inlet and outlet 4 communicated with the double-layer structure of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, a cooling water outlet can be arranged on the hemispherical high-voltage electrode of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal, and a cooling water inlet can be arranged on the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode. Or the opposite arrangement is adopted, the hemispherical high-voltage electrode is provided with a cooling water inlet, and the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode is provided with a cooling water outlet.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the gas inlet adjusting part 30 of the plasma torch for preparing acetylene from coal plasma may include a gas control valve 33 disposed at an outer side of the electrode isolation assembly, a gas pipe 35 disposed in a double-layered structure of the electrode isolation assembly, and vent holes 34 disposed at regular intervals on an inner wall of the electrode isolation assembly. The gas pipeline can be set up to a plurality of, and the air vent also can be set up to a plurality ofly, and gas pipeline sets up with the air vent one-to-one is supporting, and a plurality of gas access that gas pipeline and air vent formed, simultaneously with the gas control valve intercommunication, steerable gas flow for example can let in hydrogen, utilize the electric arc preparation acetylene that hydrogen ionization formed. The plurality of gas passages formed in this way are separately arranged in the double-layer structure of the electrode isolation assembly, and cooling water in the double-layer structure can flow through the space between the gas passages without influencing the flow of the cooling water. The vent holes arranged on the inner wall can be uniformly arranged on the circumference of the inner wall, so that the introduced gas is uniformly distributed in the cavity of the plasma gun.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the outer side surface of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode of the plasma coal-to-acetylene plasma gun and the outer side surface of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode can be tangent. The outer side surface of the high-voltage electrode mentioned in the embodiment of the invention refers to the outer surface of the outer wall of the high-voltage electrode; the outer side of the low voltage electrode is also referred to as the outer surface of the outer wall thereof. The plasma gun is streamline in overall appearance, stable in structure and long in service life.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the inner side surface of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma and the inner side surface of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode can be tangent. The cavity structure formed in the plasma gun is smooth, and the arc formation and the transmission flow of plasma are facilitated. The inner side surface of the high-voltage electrode mentioned in the embodiment of the invention refers to the inner surface of the inner wall of the high-voltage electrode, namely the inner side surface of the inner wall; the inner side surface of the low-voltage electrode also refers to the inner surface of the inner wall, namely the inner side surface of the inner wall.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the inner side surface of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode, the inner side surface of the electrode isolation assembly and the inner side surface of the truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode of the plasma coal-to-acetylene plasma gun can be tangent. The cavity structure formed in the plasma gun is smooth, and the arc formation and the transmission flow of plasma are facilitated. The inner side surface of the electrode isolation assembly mentioned in the embodiment of the invention also refers to the inner surface of the inner wall, namely the inner side surface of the inner wall, and the inner side surface of the high-voltage electrode refers to the inner surface of the inner wall, namely the inner side surface of the inner wall; the inner side surface of the low-voltage electrode also refers to the inner surface of the inner wall, namely the inner side surface of the inner wall.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, a streamline guide groove can be arranged on the inner side surface of the cavity of the plasma coal acetylene plasma gun, and the streamline trend of the streamline guide groove can be from the top end of the hemispherical high-voltage electrode to the top end of the circular truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode. In the embodiment of setting up the guide way, can set up the air vent that sets up on the electrode isolation component in the bottom of guide way, simultaneously, the opening direction of air vent sets up with the direction syntropy of guide way, and the gas flow of being convenient for avoids producing phenomenons such as gaseous torrent, reduces the condition that is unfavorable for ionization process to take place.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, a gas guide plate can be arranged on the inner side surface of the cavity of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma, the gas guide plate forms a streamline guide groove, and the guide groove integrally forms a spiral structure. The gas guide plate can keep the same height, and can also change according to the diameter of the cavity in the plasma gun, for example, one end of a hemispherical electrode with a larger diameter has a larger height, and the outlet end of a truncated cone-shaped low-voltage electrode has a smaller height. However, in order to ensure stable airflow, the height change of the guide plate arranged in this way should be arranged into a streamline shape, which meets the requirement of reducing resistance of gas fluid mechanics. The gas guide plate with the streamline trend can be formed by combining a plurality of small guide plates which are continuously arranged, but the trend of the small guide plates is set to be on the same spiral line, so that the gas guide plate meets the fluid mechanics requirement of minimum gas flow resistance.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, after the high-voltage electrode, the electrode isolation assembly and the low-voltage electrode of the plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma are assembled and connected, the inner wall of the through space formed by the double-layer structure is arranged in an electric insulation manner. The cooling water flows in the double-layer structure of the plasma gun, so that the plasma gun is cooled, the good and safe working state of the plasma gun is ensured, and the double-layer structure needs to be set into an electric insulation state, so that the safe and normal working state is ensured. For example, an electrically insulating material may be provided on the surface. Can set up the cooling water pipeline that electrically insulating material made in bilayer structure, this pipeline shape and bilayer structure looks adaptation, the good contact of being convenient for does benefit to good heat transfer. For good heat transfer purposes, the heat transfer properties of the electrically insulating material must be comparable to or better than those of the high voltage electrode, the electrode separator assembly and the low voltage electrode.
The plasma gun for preparing acetylene from coal plasma disclosed by the invention has the beneficial technical effects of simple and reasonable structure, high strength, convenience in control, uniform electric field intensity distribution, high plasma forming efficiency and long service life of the plasma gun.