CN108566614A - A kind of end-to-end communication method and system towards time delay tolerant network - Google Patents
A kind of end-to-end communication method and system towards time delay tolerant network Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/562—Brokering proxy services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/50—Network services
- H04L67/56—Provisioning of proxy services
- H04L67/568—Storing data temporarily at an intermediate stage, e.g. caching
- H04L67/5681—Pre-fetching or pre-delivering data based on network characteristics
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0215—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on user or device properties, e.g. MTC-capable devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/0226—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control based on location or mobility
Abstract
A kind of end-to-end communication method towards time delay tolerant network, 1) data transfer demands between measuring and calculating is end-to-end；Interactive data are needed to be broadly divided between end-to-end：Business datum, time data and position data；User data is including sensing data, voice data, image, video data depending on specific business need；Time data and position data are referred to as space-time data；The data of transmission are made of location information, motion state and business datum, and business datum can generate big variation according to the size of gathered data；2) transmittability of assessment communication；3) Data Hosting is carried out, Data Hosting is when being limited to connectivity and the traffic capacity between source node and destination node to ensure that data are complete and exchange forwarding and the method for service that uses, the connection communicated with node using base station stores data in base station using free time, and base station is relied on to carry out agent data forwarding.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to end-to-end communication technologies and delay to hold circuit network field, and in particular to hold suspension when one kind is towards appearance
The end-to-end communication method and system of network.
Background technology
With the continuous development of communication and network technology, communication network infrastructure is more advanced, and Internet network takes
Obtained unprecedented success.Then, the hypothesis there are many this kind of communication networks is for example：There must be lasting path end to end；
Smaller and relatively uniform between arbitrary transmitting-receiving node pair, the communication link bit error rate and packet loss want low, and application program need not be examined
Consider communication performance etc..
But many network application scenes cannot be satisfied above-mentioned assumed condition, and have the following problems and feature：1)
For some specific network environments and under the conditions of, such as calamity emergency communicate, field communication, car networking, sensor network
Etc. actual communication networks scene, there is covering barren ground between terrestrial wireless communication base station, form communication isolated island；2) satellite is logical
Letter can solve the gap of terrestrial wireless covering, but since cost performance, equipment size, communication frequency, power consumption can not limit shifting
Dynamic node uses, for example the communication performance of present Big Dipper generation satellite short message communication is at most to provide 120 Chinese characters every time
Or 1680 bit short message communication service, commercial communication capacity only has 78 bytes；Commercial communication frequency is 60 seconds/time.3) it moves
Dynamic node can not keep communications status for a long time in order to control power consumption.It in general, may be due in these practical non-ideal networks
Node high-speed mobility, sparse, alternate activity, either for security reasons implement radio listening silence or are maliciously attacked
It hits etc. and to cause the intermittent connection of network, this causes message to cannot ensure path end to end, this kind of communication in transmission process
Network is also referred to as time delay tolerant network (DTN, Delay Tolerant Networks).
The reason of time delay tolerant network intermittence connects has very much, for example, end of the current time without two nodes of connection
To end path, node is the temporary close power supply that economizes on resources, and node motion leads to change in topology, can all cause disconnecting.Net
Network interruption can have certain rule, such as satellite network；Can also be random, such as sensor network.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to for above-mentioned time delay tolerant network feature communication limit, cause it is end-to-end between
Having a rest property communication issue, if the ensuring that reliable communication becomes a challenge between end-to-end.The present invention passes through forecast analysis
The track of moving communication node, and then the communication capacity of predicted motion communication node, compare real time data to be transmitted, pass through shadow
The track for ringing mobile node, regulates and controls the commitment defini interval of node, plus introducing data supporting funnel method mechanism, it is ensured that between end-to-end
Reliable data transmission.
The present invention is directed to time delay tolerant network intermittence connectivity problem, the reliable communication problem between node of analyzing and researching,
In order to realize it is end-to-end between reliable data transmission, composite trochoid prediction of the present invention, communication capacity prediction, trustship transmission, rail
The methods of mark regulation and control are integrated, it is proposed that a kind of end-to-end communication method towards time delay tolerant network.The present invention predicts first
Communicating requirement end to end, the end to end connection situation of next timeslice is calculated by trajectory predictions, if being unsatisfactory for communicating
It is required that track regulation and control and trustship transmission can be selected so that the communication capacity that end to end connection is brought can be adapted to communicating requirement,
To realize effective transmission of data.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of end-to-end communication method towards time delay tolerant network, its step are as follows,
(1) data transfer demands between measuring and calculating is end-to-end；Interactive data are needed to be broadly divided between end-to-end：Business
Data, time data and position data；User data is including sensing data, voice depending on specific business need
Data, image, video data；Time data and position data are referred to as space-time data, this is the benchmark of business datum, importance
It is prominent, transmission priority highest；
There can be different requirements to the transmission of data at different times, the data of transmission are by location information, movement shape
State and business datum composition, business datum can generate big variation according to the size of gathered data, therefore, for every
In a timeslice, it is assumed that its average transmission rate is Ci, so data capacity total during entire communication isI represents the sum of timeslice, TiAnd CiIndicate the average transmission rate in all timeslices and timeslice；
(2) transmittability of assessment communication；
Step 1：The connectivity of node predicts that node can proceed by after network interrupts in following a period of time
Connectivity prediction.Time ranges of the time interval t as prediction connectivity is set, node is according to the destination node received
Location information and motion state tentative prediction is made to the movement locus of destination node, combine the movement locus of itself can be right
Passage in this period of time t is judged；
Connectivity duration is divided into the duration t for capableing of direct end to end connectivitydWith the duration t for being only capable of being communicated with base stationbTwo
Kind；This two-part duration is calculated according to the coverage area of the speed of two nodes, traffic direction and base station signal.
Step 2：The communication capacity of node calculates
Communication capacity of the node in this section of time t is divided into two parts by the connectivity prediction case obtained by step 1
It calculates, a part is direct end-to-end communication, and another part is the communication between base station and node；
The former is the mode of direct communication, and the corresponding time is the end-to-end communication duration t in step 1d, pass through formula
Calculate the accumulative data volume that can be transmittedR (t) indicates the transmission rate for being communicated in each unit interval；
The latter is that base station is communicated with node, expands the biography in the t times in such a way that data rely on base station agency's forwarding
Transmission of data amount, corresponding time are exactly to carry out communication time t with base station in step 1d, it is identical with the former calculation,
Add up the data volume that can be cached in this period of timeRb(t) biography that node communicates in a base station is indicated
Defeated rate (including uplink and downlink rate).
So communication capacity total amount of the node prediction in time period t is CM=C+Cb, and the data volume D of required transmission is just
D=∑s C can be obtained according to the formula of first partiti, then compare CMWith the size of D.
1)CM>=D illustrates that the connectivity and communication capacity in the following t times can maintain two nodes with current track
Carry out mobile and business processing；
2)CM<D illustrates that communication capacity that the connectivity in the following t times is provided can not complete the transmission of data, needs
Motion state and motion track when the first two node is regulated and controled, needs mainly to carry out communication capacity into transmission location letter at this time
Breath and motion state facilitate track regulation and control to increase communication capacity；
(3) track regulates and controls；When the communication capacity that the connectivity of node prediction is provided is not enough to the number in supporting time section t
When according to transmission, the regulation and control of track can be carried out so that more connection chances can be obtained within the t periods, thus can the company of raising
The general character and communication capacity；
When two node communication disruptions, both sides can be to other side every TnCurrent location information and motion state are sent, it is double
Fang Jiedian can carry out trajectory predictions and regulation and control according to these data；
To Mr. Yu source node A, every TnAfter the location information for receiving destination node B, need to one under destination node B
A TnInterior movement locus is made a prediction and whether decision regulates and controls the movement locus of itself, it is assumed that BiIt is the position at a certain moment
Information, VBIt is BiSpeed when position, VAIt is the present speed of A points, the signal cover of base station is the circle that a radius is r
P。
Step 1：Calculate point BiFuture position Bi', using the data of two points nearest in historical information as it when prediction
The basis of prediction locus, in the case that it is assumed that all indeclinable its next possible position that predicts of its direction and speed is
Bi’.Point B3' arrive B5' it is then the future position obtained by prediction.
Step 2：After obtaining future position, point A will be estimated according to the predicted position of point B with the position of circle P, obtain B points
With round distance DBWith itself and circle P distances DA。
Step 3：The direction of motion is calculated, makes it possible to reach the side of round P simultaneously with point B by changing displacement direction
Boundary, DBAnd DAIt is two terminal As and distances of the point B apart from center of circle P, r is the radius of P, DA' it is point A distances after correcting direction
The distance on the boundaries circle P, α are that the angle of traffic direction is required.Formula is as follows：
∵
∴
∴
Step 4：Change starts to move behind direction, and assesses the connection communicated when current track operation according to (2) again
Property and communication capacity whether meet transmission conditions, just exit track regulation and control if meeting, direction kept to continue to move to and business processing.
If not satisfied, so in next TnThe latest position B of B points is received behind intervali, this process of 1 cycle that then gos to step.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Composite trochoid prediction of the present invention, communication capacity prediction, trustship transmission, track regulation and control
The methods of be integrated, can Accurate Prediction go out end to end connectivity and movement locus in following a period of time, and according to this constantly
Voluntarily change the direction of motion come obtain maximum connectivity may and communication capacity so that can be in the network environment of DTN between node
Lower holding reliably communicates to connect, and is accomplished the exchange of data and the processing of business, has ensured that reliable communication exists end to end
Adverse circumstances and the rare area of signal are achieved.
Four, it illustrates
Fig. 1 is the prediction topological diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is connectivity duration figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is regulation-control model figure in track of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is direction calculating illustraton of model of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the data cached format chart of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is that sender's data of the present invention rely on flow chart；
Fig. 7 is that receiving side data of the present invention relies on flow chart；
Fig. 8 is overview flow chart of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is that present system node constitutes figure；
Figure 10 is business inspection system composition schematic diagram of the present invention.
Five, specific implementation mode
(1) data transfer demands between measuring and calculating is end-to-end
Interactive data are needed to be broadly divided between end-to-end：Business datum, time data and position data.User data
It is such as sensing data, voice data, image, video data depending on specific business need.Time data and position
Data can be collectively referred to as space-time data, this is the benchmark of business datum, and importance protrudes, transmission priority highest.For business number
According to and space-time data, in case of network interruption, can not transmission data, node is required to local cache, until network recovery
Connection.
Since the communication mode between endpoint is different, and the business of processing is different, at different times can be to data
Transmission has different requirements, the data of transmission to be made of location information, motion state and business datum, and business datum can root
Big variation is generated according to the size of gathered data, therefore, in each timeslice, it is assumed that its average transmission rate is
Ci, so data capacity total during entire communication isI represents the sum of timeslice, TiAnd CiIt indicates
Average transmission rate in all timeslices and timeslice.
(2) transmittability of assessment communication
Step 1：The connectivity of node is predicted
Node can proceed by the connectivity prediction in following a period of time after network interrupts.When setting one
Between interval t as the time range for predicting connectivity, node is according to the location information and motion state pair of the destination node received
The movement locus of destination node makes tentative prediction, combine the movement locus of itself can to the passage in this period of time t into
Row judges.Schematic diagram is Fig. 1.
2 points of A, B is two nodes in Fig. 1, and dotted line is the path of t time interior predictions after middle circuit network, is defaulted as at the uniform velocity straight
Line moves, and fine dotted line represents the position that can be moved in pilot process, and according to communication mode described above, black line indicates in figure
Be the path for capableing of directly end to end connectivity, thick dashed line indicates to be only capable of the route segment that is communicated with base station.Connectivity duration
It is divided into the duration t for capableing of direct end to end connectivitydWith the duration t for being only capable of being communicated with base stationbTwo kinds, this two-part duration
It is calculated according to the coverage area of the speed of two nodes, traffic direction and base station signal.It is calculated by movement locus and speed
Connectivity duration as shown in Fig. 2, wherein nodal connection represents the connection duration of true end-to-end passage, be derived from reception
The intersection of the Lifetime and sending node and base station Lifetime of node and base station, shows as t in figure1To t4, dash area
Then free time length when each node is connect with base station, be derived from the node and base station communication duration subtract node connection when
It is long, it is corresponding to receive node, t is shown as in figure5To t7, corresponding sending node is then t8To t10.So end-to-end communication duration td
=t1+t2+t3+t4, only with base station communication duration tb=t5+t6+t7And t8+t9+t10。
Step 2：The communication capacity of node calculates, referring to Fig. 2
Communication capacity of the node in this section of time t is divided into two parts by the connectivity prediction case obtained by step 1
It calculates, a part is direct end-to-end communication, and another part is the communication between base station and node；
The former is the mode of direct communication, and the corresponding time is the end-to-end communication duration t in step 1d, pass through formula
Calculate the accumulative data volume that can be transmittedR (t) indicates the transmission rate for being communicated in each unit interval；
The latter is that base station is communicated with node, expands the biography in the t times in such a way that data rely on base station agency's forwarding
Transmission of data amount, corresponding time are exactly to carry out communication time t with base station in step 1d, it is identical with the former calculation,
Add up the data volume that can be cached in this period of timeRb(t) biography that node communicates in a base station is indicated
Defeated rate (including uplink and downlink rate).So communication capacity total amount of the node prediction in time period t is CM=C+Cb, and
The data volume D of required transmission just can obtain D=∑s C according to the formula of first partiti, then compare CMWith the size of D.
1)CM>=D illustrates that the connectivity and communication capacity in the following t times can maintain two nodes with current rail
Mark carries out mobile and business processing.
2)CM<D illustrates that communication capacity that the connectivity in the following t times is provided can not complete the transmission of data, needs
Motion state and motion track when the first two node is regulated and controled, needs mainly to carry out communication capacity into transmission location letter at this time
Breath and motion state facilitate track regulation and control to increase communication capacity.
(3) track regulates and controls
When the communication capacity that the connectivity of node prediction is provided is not enough to the data transmission in supporting time section t, meeting
Carry out the regulation and control of track so that more connection chances can be obtained within the t periods, to which connectivity and communication energy can be improved
The model of power, track regulation and control is as shown in Figure 3：
Two points of A, B are the endpoints that two needs are in communication with each other in Fig. 3, and what solid line indicated is that two endpoints pass through constantly in advance
Actual motion track after survey other side position and then constantly planning path, the prediction locus of the endpoint that dotted line indicates at a certain moment.Circle P
What is indicated is the coverage area of neighbouring base station signal, and radius r then indicates that A, B can be built when in 2 points of arrival P of A, B
Vertical communication connection.
When two node communication disruptions, both sides can be to other side every TnCurrent location information and motion state are sent, it is double
Fang Jiedian can carry out trajectory predictions and regulation and control according to these data；
By taking source node A as an example, every TnAfter the location information for receiving destination node B, need to one under destination node B
A TnInterior movement locus is made a prediction and whether decision regulates and controls the movement locus of itself, it is assumed that BiIt is the position at a certain moment
Information, VBIt is BiSpeed when position, VAIt is the present speed of A points.
Step 1：Calculate point BiFuture position Bi', using the data of two points nearest in historical information as it when prediction
The basis of prediction locus, in the case that it is assumed that all indeclinable its next possible position that predicts of its direction and speed is
Bi’.Point B3' arrive B5' it is then the future position obtained by prediction.
Step 2：After obtaining future position, point A will be estimated according to the predicted position of point B with the position of circle P, obtain B points
With round distance DBWith itself and circle P distances DA。
Step 3：The direction of motion is calculated, makes it possible to reach the side of round P simultaneously with point B by changing displacement direction
Boundary, the calculating in direction is as shown in figure 4, D in figureBAnd DAIt is point A and distances of the point B apart from center of circle P, DA' corrected direction after
The distance on the boundaries point A distance circle P, α is that the angle of traffic direction is required.Formula is as follows：
∵
∴
∴
Step 4：It is communicated when starting to move after changing direction, and being run again according to second part assessment current track
Whether connectivity and communication capacity meet transmission conditions, just exit track regulation and control if meeting, holding direction continues to move to and business
Processing.If not satisfied, so in TnThe latest position B of B points is received after timei, this process of 1 cycle that then gos to step.
(4) Data Hosting
Data Hosting is when being limited to connectivity and the traffic capacity between source node and destination node to ensure that data are complete
Method of service that is standby and exchanging forwarding and use utilizes base station and section if calculating connectivity one section has mentioned in second part
The connection of point communication stores data in base station using free time (dash area) described in Fig. 2, relies on base station
Carry out agent data forwarding.In addition, in addition to fixed base sites, the mobile node that can also will encounter in data and movement locus
It swaps, these mobile nodes must have maximum probability to appear on the path of destination node operation according to position predicting method
Or on base station, the storage forwarding agency of mobile node is intended only as the supplement of fixed base stations node to realize.
When breaking in the communications, data can first be buffered in local, until that can initiate the connection (including end to end connection,
Hold the connection to base station and the connection at end and mobile node), the local that communication data can be buffered in the node by source node is deposited
Store up in space, the forwarding for carrying out data as agency by intermediate node operates, store data in intermediate node behavior not only
One, that is to say, that when source node stores a data in intermediate node P1, if the way when it passes through another intermediate node P2
In not yet communicated with destination node, then it can cache this part of data again to P2 nodes, the selection of intermediate node also can with it is right
The prediction of destination node movement locus is associated, and data can be buffered in the node of destination node maximum probability process and the number of caching
Also certain threshold value is had, size is taken as meeting other nodes (including fixed base stations node and movable joint in joint movements track
Point) quantity half.When destination node enters intermediate node join domain, data forwarding that intermediate node can be cached to
Destination node simultaneously removes local caching, in addition, the intermediate node can send out signal to entire meshed network indicates this part of data
It successfully forwarded and removed all copies.
Data cached base station for convenience or terminal forward, and the format of data is specific, specific format such as Fig. 5 cachings
Shown in data format figure.
Start bit, check bit sum stop bit are unified formats in Fig. 5, it is ensured that the integrality of data.Mark is received to indicate
Whether this part of data successfully forwarded, and confirm that the mark of forwarding information, retransmission failure can then be carried out by receiving direction sender
Again forwarding operation.Sender and recipient are the both ends of data transfer as its name suggests.Length is the length of communication data,
Data time is then that sender starts the data cached time, to recipient judge data sequence and data whether mistake
When.Entire storage forwarding process is divided into sender and recipient, is indicated respectively by Fig. 6 and Fig. 7：Fig. 6 sender's data rely on stream
Cheng Tu；
For sender：
The first step：Communication data is generated, is ready for sending.
Second step：Judge whether in being communicated to connect with destination node, if so, directly transmitting data, enters if not in next step.
Third walks：Judge whether within the scope of intermediate node, if it is not, being directly buffered in this after communication data has been encapsulated
Ground, if so, entering in next step.
4th step：Judge that can current intermediate node be acted on behalf of in which become caching with forwarding, by moving rail to another terminal
The prediction of mark, using the base station within the scope of movement locus as caching ground.If it is not, then by data buffer storage in local；If so, into
In next step.
5th step：Communication data is encapsulated and is buffered in intermediate node, is acted on behalf of as forwarding by intermediate node.
6th step：Data generation next time is waited for, and jumps to the first step.
For recipient (Fig. 7)：
The first step：Judge whether to communicate to connect with destination node, if so, the data of other side are directly received, if it is not, into
In next step.
Second step：Judge whether to be located within the scope of intermediate node, if it is not, jumping directly to the 5th step.If so, into next
Step.
Third walks：Judge whether there is recipient to be jumped to if nothing for the data not received of oneself in current intermediate node
Finally；If so, then entering in next step.
4th step：It receives data and empties copy.
5th step：Wait for the receiving of data next time.
(5) overview flow chart (Fig. 8)
The system of the present invention is made of several mobile nodes, base-station node, as Fig. 9 system nodes are constituted shown in figure.It is mobile
Node is responsible for gathered data, communication capacity and data storage capacities, supports communication, mobile node and base station between mobile node
It is communicated between node and mobile node passes through base station communication.Base-station node is responsible for the access and communication of mobile node, and has
Data storage capacities.
In specific example, using the power line line walking in field mountain area as scene, to illustrate technical scheme of the present invention reality
When.Specifically, system is by mobile node and base-station node；Mobile node is divided to two kinds：Unmanned plane mobile node, inspector's movement
Node；Base-station node is the inspection vehicle with wireless WIFI hot spot base station.
The wireless communication module that mobile node is selected is SIM7600CE and Beidou satellite communication module.SIM7600CE is one
Money 4G the whole networks lead to development module, support WIFI communications.Beidou satellite communication module uses TM8450 Big Dipper chips, the chipset
High at degree, low in energy consumption, compatible two generation an of Big Dipper generation and GPS positioning navigation signal, built-in LNA can be directly connected to passive antenna,
Receiving signal sensitivity is -127dBm, positioning accuracy 2.5m, and capture puts into practice the thermal starting time less than 2s, while having higher
Reliability is suitble to use in varying environment.The byte that civilian support Big Dipper short message communication is sent every time only has 78, and
The frequency of transmission is 60 seconds primary, can meet system after mobile node deviates base-station node, for space time information and simply
The communication for controlling data needs, and by Beidou communication module, simple data communication is realized between mobile node, can be obtained
It obtains the position of unmanned plane and sends control instruction.
The communication module of wireless base station on inspection vehicle selects WIFI module, supports between mobile node, mobile node
Communication between base-station node.
Unmanned plane and inspection vehicle course Primary Reference transmission line of electricity and highway direction, unmanned plane main road in the air
Line can receive instruction and be adjusted with arbitrary path and be advanced along transmission line of electricity direction, and more inspection vehicle command cars can only
It is walked all the way along road.Unmanned plane, which is taken, to fly at a constant speed, and speed is about 15m/s, it is needed as one end of continuous gathered data
It will be to command car terminal continuous communiction transmission data.Inspection vehicle is generally fixed near observation electric power pylon, is receiving nothing
After data that man-machine inspection and inspector report and instruction, inspection vehicle can carry out position movement, it needs to connect as recipient
The data that unmanned plane is sent are received, and position prediction can be made according to the prearranged heading and actual path of unmanned plane, planned according to this
Simultaneously predict the time communicated next time in the path of itself.The communication range of inspection vehicle if unmanned plane has flown out, unmanned plane section
Point saves the data in the SD card of oneself, and the space-time position of oneself is issued inspector by Big Dipper short message timing.Inspection
Member can calculate unmanned plane end-to-end communication time next time and communication capacity, if be unsatisfactory for according to the requirement of business datum
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Data transmission requirement, unmanned plane can allow the data of acquisition inspection vehicle base-station node trustship to keep in, wait inspectors into
After entering inspection vehicle hot-zone, business datum is obtained；If when the access inspector node and inspection vehicle base-station node of unmanned plane
Between too short, the location information track that can be reported according to unmanned plane by inspector, send out TRAJECTORY CONTROL instruction, Correction and Control nobody
Machine track, or allow inspection vehicle shift position so that the mobile node communication capacity of measuring and calculating meets data communication requirements.Figure 10 industry
Business inspection system composition schematic diagram.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of end-to-end communication method towards time delay tolerant network, it is characterized in that steps are as follows：
(1) data transfer demands between measuring and calculating is end-to-end；Interactive data are needed to be broadly divided between end-to-end：Business number
According to, time data and position data；User data is including sensing data, voice number depending on specific business need
According to, image, video data；Time data and position data are referred to as space-time data, this is the benchmark of business datum, and importance is prominent
Go out, transmission priority highest；
Can have different requirements to the transmission of data at different times, the data of transmission by location information, motion state with
And business datum composition, business datum can generate big variation according to the size of gathered data, therefore, for each timeslice
It is interior, it is assumed that its average transmission rate is Ci, so data capacity total during entire communication isI generations
The sum of table timeslice, TiAnd CiIndicate the average transmission rate in all timeslices and timeslice；
(2) transmittability of assessment communication；
Step 1：The connectivity of node predicts that node can proceed by the company in following a period of time after network interrupts
The general character is predicted；A time interval t is set as the time range for predicting connectivity, node is according to the position of the destination node received
Confidence ceases and motion state makes tentative prediction to the movement locus of destination node, and in combination, the movement locus of itself can be to this
Passage in section time t is judged；
Connectivity duration is divided into the duration t for capableing of direct end to end connectivitydWith the duration t for being only capable of being communicated with base stationbTwo kinds；
This two-part duration is calculated according to the coverage area of the speed of two nodes, traffic direction and base station signal；
Step 2：The communication capacity of node calculates
Communication capacity of the node in this section of time t is divided into two parts to count by the connectivity prediction case obtained by step 1
It calculates, a part is direct end-to-end communication, and another part is the communication between base station and node；
The former is the mode of direct communication, and the corresponding time is the end-to-end communication duration t in step 1d, calculated by formula
The accumulative data volume that can be transmittedR (t) indicates the transmission rate for being communicated in each unit interval；
The latter is that base station is communicated with node, expands the transmission number in the t times in such a way that data rely on base station agency's forwarding
According to amount, the corresponding time is exactly to carry out communication time t with base station in step 1d, it is identical with the former calculation, at this
Add up the data volume that can be cached in the section timeRb(t) the transmission speed that node communicates in a base station is indicated
Rate including uplink and downlink rate；
So communication capacity total amount of the node prediction in time period t is CM=C+Cb, and the data volume D of required transmission is with regard to basis
The formula of first part can obtain D=∑s Citi, then compare CMWith the size of D；
1)CM>=D illustrates that the connectivity and communication capacity in the following t times can maintain two nodes to be moved with current track
Dynamic and business processing；
2)CM<D illustrates that communication capacity that the connectivity in the following t times is provided can not complete the transmission of data, needs to working as
The motion state and motion track of the first two node are regulated and controled, need mainly to carry out communication capacity at this time transmission of location information and
Motion state facilitates track regulation and control to increase communication capacity；
(3) track regulates and controls；It is passed when the communication capacity that the connectivity of node prediction is provided is not enough to the data in supporting time section t
When defeated, the regulation and control of track can be carried out so that more connection chances can be obtained within the t periods, to which connectivity can be improved
And communication capacity；
When two node communication disruptions, both sides can be to other side every TnSend current location information and motion state, both sides' node
Trajectory predictions and regulation and control can be carried out according to these data；
Certain source node A, every TnAfter the location information for receiving destination node B, T next to destination node B is needednInterior
Movement locus make a prediction and whether decision regulates and controls the movement locus of itself, it is assumed that BiIt is the location information at a certain moment, VBIt is
BiSpeed when position, VAIt is the present speed of A points, the signal cover of base station is the circle P that radius is r；
Step 1：Calculate point BiFuture position Bi', it is predicted motion state data nearest in historical information as it when prediction
The basis of track, in the case that it is assumed that all indeclinable its next possible position that predicts of its direction and speed is Bi’；
Step 2：After obtaining future position, point A will be estimated according to the predicted position of point B with the position of circle P, obtain B points and circle
Distance DBWith itself and circle P distances DA；
Step 3：The direction of motion is calculated, makes it possible to reach the boundary of round P, D simultaneously with point B by changing displacement directionBWith
DAIt is the distance of node A, B respectively apart from center of circle P, r is the radius of P, DA' be point A distance after correcting direction justify the boundaries P away from
From α is that the angle of traffic direction is required；Computational methods are as follows：
Step 4：Change starts to move behind direction, and again according to the connectivity that communicates when (2) assessment current track operation and
Whether communication capacity meets transmission conditions, just exits track regulation and control if meeting, holding direction continues to move to and business processing；If no
Meet, then in TnThe latest position B of B points is received after timei, this process of 1 cycle that then gos to step；
(4) Data Hosting
Data Hosting be when being limited to connectivity and the traffic capacity between source node and destination node in order to ensure data it is complete and
The method of service for exchanging forwarding and using, the connection communicated with node using base station will be counted using free time (dash area)
According to base station is stored in, base station is relied on to carry out agent data forwarding；
In addition to fixed base sites, moreover it is possible to swap data with the mobile node encountered in movement locus, these movable joints
Point must have maximum probability to appear on the path of destination node operation or on base station according to position predicting method, mobile node
Storage forwarding agency be intended only as the supplement of fixed base stations node to realize；
When breaking in the communications, data can first be buffered in local, until that can initiate the connection (including end to end connection, end arrive
The connection of base station and the connection at end and mobile node), what communication data can be buffered in the node by source node is locally stored sky
Between in, by intermediate node as agency carry out data forwarding operate, store data it is not unique in the behavior of intermediate node,
That is when source node stores a data in intermediate node P1, if on the way not yet when it passes through another intermediate node P2
Communicated with destination node, then it can cache this part of data again to P2 nodes, the selection of intermediate node also can with to purpose section
The prediction of point movement locus is associated, and the number for the node and caching that data can be buffered in destination node maximum probability process also has
Certain threshold value, when destination node enters intermediate node join domain, the data forwarding that intermediate node can be cached is to mesh
Node and remove local caching, in addition, the intermediate node can send out signal to entire meshed network has indicated this part of data
Through successfully forwarded and remove all copies.
2. end-to-end communication method and system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that data cached base station for convenience or
Person's terminal forwards, and the format of data is as follows：
Wherein start bit, check bit sum stop bit are unified formats, it is ensured that the integrality of data；It receives mark and indicates this number
According to whether successfully forwarded, confirm that the mark of forwarding information, retransmission failure can then be turned again by receiving direction sender
Hair operation；Sender and recipient are the both ends of data transfer；Length is the length of communication data, and data time is then to send
Side starts the data cached time, judges whether the sequence of data and data are out-of-date to recipient.
3. end-to-end communication method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that entirely storage forwarding process be divided into sender and
Recipient：
For sender：
The first step：Communication data is generated, is ready for sending；
Second step：Judge whether in being communicated to connect with destination node, if so, directly transmitting data, enters if not in next step；
Third walks：Judge whether within the scope of intermediate node, if it is not, local is directly buffered in after communication data has been encapsulated,
If so, entering in next step；
4th step：Judge that can current intermediate node be acted on behalf of in which become caching with forwarding, by another terminal movement locus
Prediction, using the base station within the scope of movement locus as caching ground；If it is not, then by data buffer storage in local；If so, into next
Step；
5th step：Communication data is encapsulated and is buffered in intermediate node, is acted on behalf of as forwarding by intermediate node；
6th step：Data generation next time is waited for, and jumps to the first step；
For recipient：
The first step：Judge whether to communicate to connect with destination node, if so, the data of other side are directly received, if it is not, into next
Step；
Second step：Judge whether to be located within the scope of intermediate node, if it is not, jumping directly to the 5th step；If so, entering in next step；
Third walks：Judge whether there is recipient to be jumped to most if nothing for the data not received of oneself in current intermediate node
Afterwards；If so, then entering in next step；
4th step：It receives data and empties copy；
5th step：Wait for the receiving of data next time.
4. the system of the end-to-end communication method towards time delay tolerant network according to one of claim 1-3, feature
It is made of several mobile nodes, base-station node, as shown in Figure 1；Mobile node is responsible for gathered data, communication capacity and data and is deposited
Energy storage power is supported to communicate between the communication between mobile node, mobile node and base-station node and mobile node passes through base station
Communication；Base-station node is responsible for the access and communication of mobile node, and has data storage capacities.
5. the system of the end-to-end communication method according to claim 2 towards time delay tolerant network, it is characterized in that described
Threshold value is not more than the half that met node in movement locus includes fixed base stations node and mobile node quantity.
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