CN108566351A - A kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple - Google Patents
A kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple, include the following steps：1) combination frequency difference signal emits end module：In UNB communication networks, realize that different frequency differences distinguish the modulated signal coding form of Digital Logic information using square phase-couple, allocation plan is designed by the simple signal phase coupling estimation of multi-user in frequency differential UNB systems, the combination of frequency for carrying effective modulation intelligence and there are different frequency differences is distributed for each user；2) combination frequency difference signal receiving end module：In the receiving terminal of UNB communication network modulated signals, anti-interference linear, non-linear multi-user performance the parallel parsing pattern of multi-user is realized to such multi-frequency combination signal.The present invention can dispose more system user numbers suitable for multi-user's UNB IoT communication networks；For traditional single user ultra-narrow band very poor keying of small form (VWDK) technology, lower error performance under the conditions of certain signal-to-noise ratio is obtained；And more preferably anti-frequency deviation performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to digital information transmission technical fields, and in particular to a kind of multi-user's frequency difference of square phase-couple
UNB method for communication transmission.
Background technology
With popularization and application of the fast development and Internet of Things of the new generation of wireless communication technology in the communications industry, make
Communication between person to person, people and object, object and object is become a reality.The traditional synchronous communication pattern of single user cannot expire
It is enough to quick information service demand instantly, and then communicates boundary's focus of attention gradually to multiuser distributed, asynchronous communication
Transfer.Meanwhile the application of conjugate connected network communication saves frequency spectrum resource from the angle of low-carbon, promotes spectrum efficiency, expands
Big base station communication coverage rate reduces communications cost etc. and all promotes the communication technology towards super narrow bandpass letter technique direction progress.
It is well known, however, that ultra-narrow band (Ultra Narrow Band, UNB) technical research of early stage originates from American engineer
The patent US 4,742,532 that H.R.Walker was obtained in 1988, it is proposed that VPSK modulation techniques and zero group delay filter
Research.Herein on basis, H.R.walker engineer successively achieves 5,185,765, US Patent 6,445 of US again,
The patents such as 737 and thesis and work.Ultra-narrow at that time is to realize that the spectrum coding with ultra high efficiency is modulated to design with technical research
Technology is to be oriented to, while designing to obtain with high precision and emitting SPA sudden phase anomalies, carrier wave in the modulated signal minimum period because communicating
Zero group delay filter of modulation waveform, the filter caused by missing or width phase change meet relatively flat in passband, sideband
Quickly tell the characteristic of decaying, but because the technology of filter design is highly difficult and high cost place so that the UNB technologies of getting up early are not
It can be able to largely put among modern Internet of Things communications applications.
In recent years, the development of the class sinusoidal signal modulation Waveform Design formal technique proposed by Southeast China University professor Wu Lenan
The very big concern of communication circle researchers is attracted.It is declined using the Federal Communications Commission FCC 60dB out-of-band powers specified
Subtract frequency spectrum degree of seeing measurement standard of the bandwidth as current UNB communication modulating technologies.It is emphasized that actual transmission signal transmitting
Overall bandwidth shared by signal is very wide, however in the analysis to spectrum efficiency, its all frequency spectrum is not completely included, and
It is that the part that the power spectrum of part side information is decayed relative to carrier frequency more than 60dB is considered as invalid interference.
The signal poor anti jamming capability of existing UNB technologies, only relies on minimum sign mutation characteristic, frequency band between adjacent channel
It is narrow, easily by monkey chatter, it is difficult to improve detection performance.Furthermore the technology signal efficiency is low：The major power of signal focuses on load
On frequency line spectrum, and single-frequency line spectrum does not carry modulation intelligence.Though in addition, the existing ultra-narrow band modulation technique for single user
Extremely narrow channel width can be obtained, however is but difficult to avoid that seriously affecting for Small frequency offset, extensive object can not be satisfied with
Networking epoch multi-user's multi-service rate, the communication requirements such as asynchronously or synchronously.It describes based on the above issues, proposition is a kind of to merge two
The UNB method for communication transmission of secondary phase coupling estimation technology resisting multi-user interference.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to realize to accommodate that number of users is more, anti-interference ability is stronger between each user in UNB communications
Frequency difference communication pattern, the square phase-couple technology based on multi-frequency combination, it is proposed that without two during a kind of guarantee infomation detection
The modelled signal is known as square phase-couple frequency differential signal by the multifrequency signal combination of transmitted system of justice
(Quadratic-Phase Coupling-based Frequency-Differential signal, QPC-FD).
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple, includes the following steps：
1) combination frequency difference signal emits end module：In UNB communication networks, different frequency differences are realized using square phase-couple
The modulated signal coding form for distinguishing Digital Logic information, passes through the simple signal phase of multi-user in frequency differential UNB systems
Coupling Design allocation plan distributes the combination of frequency for carrying effective modulation intelligence and having different frequency differences for each user；
2) combination frequency difference signal receiving end module：In the receiving terminal of UNB communication network modulated signals, to such multi-frequency combination
Signal realizes anti-interference linear, non-linear multi-user performance the parallel parsing pattern of multi-user.
The present invention, which further improves, to be, in step 1), to the Combination Design of multi-user's transmitting terminal signal model, specifically
It is as follows：
If symbol interval is the multifrequency dyadic digital signal of T, Bit 0, Bit 1 correspond to different simple signal combinations respectivelyAnd phase combination
Wherein, K represents the number of simple signal；
If 1 phases of Bit meet square phase-couple characteristic, and Bit 0 is unsatisfactory for the characteristic, i.e., as shown in formula (1)：
The then s in logical symbol " 0 ", " 1 " corresponding signal waveform expression formula difference corresponding (2)0(t) and s1(t)：
In formula, the signal duration be [0, T)；Ai,k, i={ 0,1 } expressions Bit 0,1 corresponding k-th of simple signal of Bit
Amplitude；fi,kFor bit i, the kth single-frequency frequency values of i={ 0,1 } corresponding modulating signal, where Equivalent Base-Band signal it is logical
Band range meets condition： For bit i, the phase value of the kth single-frequency of i={ 0,1 } corresponding modulating signal；
Sampling processing is carried out to the dyadic digital signal of transmission, if sample frequency is fsHz, then the sampling period is Ts=1/
fs, then the discrete sample signals of above-mentioned continuous cycles be expressed as formula (3)：
In formula, l indicates the l, l=0,1 to continuous signal ... T/TsA sampling；
By signal selector, if { anIndicate the general logical symbol sequence such as Bit 0,1 corresponding binary systems of Bit, then
The multifrequency point hybrid modulation signal of one square phase-couple is indicated such as formula (4)：
That is, working as an=1 signal selector selects 1 corresponding time domain signal waveforms of Bit；Conversely, selection Bit 0 is corresponding
Time domain signal waveform, the form such as formula (5) under discrete-time series：
The present invention, which further improves, to be, in step 1), square phase-couple multi-user's simple signal assembled scheme
Design procedure is as follows, wherein for a bit signal for each user, 3 single-frequency tables are chosen per bit simple signal：
101) simple signal sum N is givenf>=6, and at least there is a user, determine combination frequency difference；
Frequency number correspondence 1,2,3 ..., Nf, it therefrom finds out combination of frequency number and meets fi,1＜ fi,2＜ fi,3Three
A simple signal forms a simple signal combination, is denoted as { fi,1,fi,2,fi,3, and the frequency difference that simple signal combination is corresponding
Group is { Δ fi,1,Δfi,2, wherein Δ fi,1=fi,2-fi,1, Δ fi,2=fi,3-fi,2；All frequency difference groups that may be present are constituted
Set Δ F has：
Δ F={ { Δ f1,1,Δf1,2},{Δf1,1,Δf1,2},...,{Δfu,1,Δfu,2},...,{ΔfN,1,Δ
fN,2}} (6)
Wherein,
102) the corresponding combination of frequency f for meeting square phase-couple is selected from above-mentioned combination frequency difference collection Δ Fi,1+fi,2=
fi,3Frequency difference pair；
Δ is taken from frequency difference group set Δ Fv={ Δ fv,1,Δfv,2},1≤v≤N；From unselected simple signal set F=
{f1,f2,...,fu,...,fUIn select for a post a single-frequency point fu∈ F, construction simple signal combine fu={ fu,fu+Δfv,1,fu+Δ
fv,1+Δfv,2, that is, meet fi,1+fi,2=fi,3Frequency coupled characteristic；If fuIncluding three simple signals belong to collect
F is closed, and meets square phase-couple frequency coupled characteristic, i.e.,：
fu+(fu+Δfj,1)=fu+Δfv,1+Δfv,2 (7)
Then by fuAlternative set F is addedcandidate；
103) from the identical multiple effective single-frequency combinations of frequency difference, one of combination is selected at random；
If the collection that the simple signal chosen is formed is combined intoL≤Nf, chosen
The set that frequency difference group is formedAs shown in formula (8)：
AndTo arbitrary frequency point fu∈Fcandidate, it is known that, corresponding to
Frequency difference group be Δv={ Δ fv,1,Δfv,2},1≤v≤N；If for setThere is setIn it is each
A frequency difference group only occurs once, then simple signal combines fuFor available simple signal combination；Exist if can be combined with simple signal,
It is denoted as fcaccepted；If there are multiple available simple signals to combine, retain the combination of frequency occurred for the first time；Then enableF=F-fcaccepted；
104) Δ F=Δ F- { Δs are enabledv,
105) step 102) is repeated to 104), untilOrAt this point, all available single-frequency letters selected
Number group is combined composition and meets frequency difference uniqueness condition, meets the simple signal group of frequency coupled characteristic in square phase-couple characteristic
It closes.
The present invention, which further improves, to be, in step 2), the docking collection of letters number copies Code Division Multiple Access to carry out multi-user
Detection and analysis make decisions for the transmitted bit to each transmission user, and Multiuser Detection process is as follows：
201) it in the multi-user reception system, corresponds to waveform by pre-set frequency point and corresponds to different use respectively
Family constructs the corresponding signature waveform of each user for the correlation for reducing between multiple user signals using Gold sequence；Each user's transmission
Signal amplitude Am, m=1,2 ..., M, if the cross-correlation coefficient of subscriber signal modulation waveform is | ρxy|=1/15, x ≠ y, x, y=
1,2 ..., M, correlation matrix are denoted as R, are shown below：
202) for m user, according to random sequence { anCorrespond to the simple signal combination for emitting Bit 0 and Bit 1
ForM=1,2 ..., M；Be respectively adopted MMSE detectors into
Line detection method and non-linear detection method are transmitted error performance to this nonlinear quadratic coupling multi-carrier frequency signals
Comparative analysis；
MMSE detector signals export expression formula：
Wherein, σ2For the power of white Gaussian noise；
In view of the transitivity disadvantage of serial interference elimination error in non-linear detection method, thus use non-linear detection side
Parallel interference canceller in method.
The present invention, which further improves, to be, the PIC testing processes of the carried UNB multi-user of step 202) are：
A) output of matched filter
In the case of not considering frequency deviation and channel fading, for m user, the matching of the PIC detector first order is filtered
Wave output signalIt is denoted as：
Matched filtering for each user exports expression formula：
Wherein, ρmqIt is the related coefficient of user q and user m, correlation matrix is denoted as R；
The output of matched filter is directly adjudicated using single user detector；For user m, filtering output is
Bit 0 and 1 corresponding transmission signals of Bit are respectivelyWithIfThen
Judgement first order detection at this time is transmitted as 1 corresponding waveforms of BitOtherwise, it is determined that first order detection at this time passes
Defeated is 0 corresponding waveforms of Bit
B) multi-access inference is gone to obtain second level detection output and court verdict
For user m, filtering output isBit 0 and 1 corresponding transmission signals of Bit are respectivelyWithIfThen judge that first order detection at this time is transmitted as 1 corresponding waves of Bit
ShapeOtherwise, it is determined that first order detection at this time is transmitted as 0 corresponding waveforms of BitFor each
A user m, ifWherein s(m)[i] is that user m sends the corresponding signal waveform of bit, then error count adds 1；It asks
Go out the error bit number under the conditions of the certain signal-to-noise ratio of each user, be averaged, you can obtains the average error rate of M user.
The present invention has following beneficial technique effect：
Multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission proposed by the present invention based on square phase-couple, passes through communication system
The design of the corresponding different combination frequency difference allocation plans of digital information of transmitting terminal different user, in conjunction with quadratic phase technology signal
The advantage that phase property can be carried, give the Multi-Frequency Signaling System transmitting signal meet frequency coupled characteristic under conditions of,
It is again constraint with phase coupling estimation so that compared to the communication system for being unsatisfactory for signal Coupling Design, system user quantity obtains
Prodigious promotion has also descended good place mat to the error detection of follow-up multi-user.
Further, in the receiving terminal of the multifrequency multi-user transmission system, by receiving signal interference performance between user
Elimination analysis, to the Design of Signal carry out linearity test (MMSE detections) and non-linear detection (PIC detections) it is parallel right
Than.Compared to comparison scheme (VWDK modulation), the low bit error characteristic for meeting the design of phase coupling estimation characteristic signals is demonstrated.
Further, it also embodies under there are crystal oscillator frequency deviation influence condition, which is hardly become by crystal oscillator frequency deviation variance
The influence of change is shown within the scope of certain ppm binding occurrences, the good anti-frequency deviation performance of the Design of Signal mode.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is square phase-couple frequency differential system transmitting terminal block diagram.
Fig. 2 is square phase-couple frequency differential system receiving terminal block diagram.
Fig. 3 is the comparison plan V WDK modulated signal ber curve figures that the present invention uses；
Fig. 4 is sampling rate f under MMSE detection modessThe QPC-FD signals of the out of phase coupled relation of=1MHz
Detect the bit error rate.
Fig. 5 is sampling rate f under MMSE detection modessThe QPC-FD signals of the out of phase coupled relation of=2MHz
Detect the bit error rate.
Fig. 6 is sampling rate f under PIC detection modessThe QPC-FD signals of the out of phase coupled relation of=1MHz are examined
Survey the bit error rate.
Fig. 7 is sampling rate f under PIC detection modessThe QPC-FD signals of the out of phase coupled relation of=2MHz are examined
Survey the bit error rate.
Fig. 8 is the bit error rate comparative graph of QPC-FD signals and VWDK modulated signals；
Fig. 9 is under different user number, the average error bit rates of QPC-FD signaling plans with signal-to-noise ratio change curve；
Figure 10 is crystal oscillator frequency deviation probability distribution graph under the conditions of different variances.
Figure 11 is when only meeting frequency coupling condition and specified SNR, user BER with crystal oscillator frequency deviation variance change curve
Figure.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple, including
Following steps：
1) combination frequency difference signal emits end module：In UNB communication networks, different frequency differences are realized using square phase-couple
The modulated signal coding form for distinguishing Digital Logic information, passes through the simple signal phase of multi-user in frequency differential UNB systems
Coupling Design allocation plan distributes the combination of frequency for carrying effective modulation intelligence and having different frequency differences for each user；
2) combination frequency difference signal receiving end module：In the receiving terminal of UNB communication network modulated signals, to such multi-frequency combination
Signal realizes anti-interference linear, non-linear multi-user performance the parallel parsing pattern of multi-user.
Wherein, specific as follows to the Combination Design of multi-user's transmitting terminal signal model in step 1)：
If symbol interval is the multifrequency dyadic digital signal of T, Bit 0, Bit 1 correspond to different simple signal combinations respectivelyAnd phase combination
Wherein, K represents the number of simple signal；
If 1 phases of Bit meet square phase-couple characteristic, and Bit 0 is unsatisfactory for the characteristic, i.e., as shown in formula (1)：
The then s in logical symbol " 0 ", " 1 " corresponding signal waveform expression formula difference corresponding (2)0(t) and s1(t)：
In formula, the signal duration be [0, T)；Ai,k, i={ 0,1 } expressions Bit 0,1 corresponding k-th of simple signal of Bit
Amplitude；fi,kFor bit i, the kth single-frequency frequency values of i={ 0,1 } corresponding modulating signal, where Equivalent Base-Band signal it is logical
Band range meets condition： For bit i, the phase value of the kth single-frequency of i={ 0,1 } corresponding modulating signal；
Sampling processing is carried out to the dyadic digital signal of transmission, if sample frequency is fsHz, then the sampling period is Ts=1/
fs, then the discrete sample signals of above-mentioned continuous cycles be expressed as formula (3)：
In formula, l indicates the l, l=0,1 to continuous signal ... T/TsA sampling；
By signal selector, if { anIndicate the general logical symbol sequence such as Bit 0,1 corresponding binary systems of Bit, then
The multifrequency point hybrid modulation signal of one square phase-couple is indicated such as formula (4)：
That is, working as an=1 signal selector selects 1 corresponding time domain signal waveforms of Bit；Conversely, selection Bit 0 is corresponding
Time domain signal waveform, the form such as formula (5) under discrete-time series：
In step 1), the design procedure of square phase-couple multi-user's simple signal assembled scheme is as follows, wherein for every
For the bit signal of one user, 3 single-frequency tables are chosen per bit simple signal：
101) simple signal sum N is givenf>=6, and at least there is a user, determine combination frequency difference；
Frequency number correspondence 1,2,3 ..., Nf, it therefrom finds out combination of frequency number and meets fi,1＜ fi,2＜ fi,3Three
A simple signal forms a simple signal combination, is denoted as { fi,1,fi,2,fi,3, and the frequency difference that simple signal combination is corresponding
Group is { Δ fi,1,Δfi,2, wherein Δ fi,1=fi,2-fi,1, Δ fi,2=fi,3-fi,2；All frequency difference groups that may be present are constituted
Set Δ F has：
Δ F={ { Δ f1,1,Δf1,2},{Δf1,1,Δf1,2},...,{Δfu,1,Δfu,2},...,{ΔfN,1,Δ
fN,2}} (6)
Wherein,
102) the corresponding combination of frequency f for meeting square phase-couple is selected from above-mentioned combination frequency difference collection Δ Fi,1+fi,2=
fi,3Frequency difference pair；
Δ is taken from frequency difference group set Δ Fv={ Δ fv,1,Δfv,2},1≤v≤N；From unselected simple signal set F=
{f1,f2,...,fu,...,fUIn select for a post a single-frequency point fu∈ F, construction simple signal combine fu={ fu,fu+Δfv,1,fu+Δ
fv,1+Δfv,2, that is, meet fi,1+fi,2=fi,3Frequency coupled characteristic；If fuIncluding three simple signals belong to collect
F is closed, and meets square phase-couple frequency coupled characteristic, i.e.,：
fu+(fu+Δfj,1)=fu+Δfv,1+Δfv,2 (7)
Then by fuAlternative set F is addedcandidate；
103) from the identical multiple effective single-frequency combinations of frequency difference, one of combination is selected at random；
If the collection that the simple signal chosen is formed is combined intoL≤Nf, chosen
The set that frequency difference group is formedAs shown in formula (8)：
AndTo arbitrary frequency point fu∈Fcandidate, it is known that, corresponding to
Frequency difference group be Δv={ Δ fv,1,Δfv,2},1≤v≤N；If for setThere is setIn it is every
One frequency difference group only occurs once, then simple signal combines fuFor available simple signal combination；It is deposited if can be combined with simple signal
It is being denoted as fcaccepted；If there are multiple available simple signals to combine, retain the combination of frequency occurred for the first time；Then enableF=F-fcaccepted；
104) Δ F=Δ F- { Δs are enabledv,
105) step 102) is repeated to 104), untilOrAt this point, all available single-frequency letters selected
Number group is combined composition and meets frequency difference uniqueness condition, meets the simple signal group of frequency coupled characteristic in square phase-couple characteristic
It closes.
Wherein, in step 2), the docking collection of letters number copies Code Division Multiple Access to carry out Multiuser Detection and analysis, for right
The transmitted bit of each transmission user makes decisions, and Multiuser Detection process is as follows：
201) it in the multi-user reception system, corresponds to waveform by pre-set frequency point and corresponds to different use respectively
Family constructs the corresponding signature waveform of each user for the correlation for reducing between multiple user signals using Gold sequence；Each user's transmission
Signal amplitude Am, m=1,2 ..., M, if the cross-correlation coefficient of subscriber signal modulation waveform is | ρxy|=1/15, x ≠ y, x, y=
1,2 ..., M, correlation matrix are denoted as R, are shown below：
202) for m user, according to random sequence { anCorrespond to the simple signal combination for emitting Bit 0 and Bit 1
ForM=1,2 ..., M；Be respectively adopted MMSE detectors into
Line detection method and non-linear detection method are transmitted error performance to this nonlinear quadratic coupling multi-carrier frequency signals
Comparative analysis；
MMSE detector signals export expression formula：
Wherein, σ2For the power of white Gaussian noise；
In view of the transitivity disadvantage of serial interference elimination error in non-linear detection method, thus use non-linear detection side
Parallel interference canceller in method.
The PIC testing processes of the carried UNB multi-user of step 202) are：
A) output of matched filter
In the case of not considering frequency deviation and channel fading, for m user, the matching of the PIC detector first order is filtered
Wave output signalIt is denoted as：
Matched filtering for each user exports expression formula：
Wherein, ρmqIt is the related coefficient of user q and user m, correlation matrix is denoted as R；
The output of matched filter is directly adjudicated using single user detector；For user m, filtering output isBit 0 and 1 corresponding transmission signals of Bit are respectivelyWithIf
Then judge that first order detection at this time is transmitted as 1 corresponding waveforms of BitOtherwise, it is determined that the first order detects at this time
It is transmitted as 0 corresponding waveforms of Bit
B) multi-access inference is gone to obtain second level detection output and court verdict
For user m, filtering output isBit 0 and 1 corresponding transmission signals of Bit are respectivelyWithIfThen judge that first order detection at this time is transmitted as 1 corresponding waves of Bit
ShapeOtherwise, it is determined that first order detection at this time is transmitted as 0 corresponding waveforms of BitFor every
One user m, ifWherein s(m)[i] is that user m sends the corresponding signal waveform of bit, then error count adds 1；
The error bit number under the conditions of the certain signal-to-noise ratio of each user is found out, is averaged, you can obtains the average error rate of M user.
Embodiment
1 system schema of table implements parameter list
When there are N in systemfWhen=100 simple signals, if do not considered square phase-couple characteristic, 11 groups are at most obtained
The combination of frequency pair of different frequency differences, then system accommodate up to 5 users；Spy is coupled when considering the frequency in square phase-couple
After sign, the 27 groups of simple signal for meeting frequency coupling condition combinations can be found, then is taken out 26 groups and distributes to different user
Binary bits signal, i.e., can at most distribute to 13 users in communication system.Difference considers situation lower frequency code set
The results are shown in Table 2 for conjunction：
Table 2 (a) does not consider the frequency coding combination of square phase-couple
Table 2 (b) considers the frequency coding combination of square phase-couple
In the communication system that single-side belt channel width is BW=500kHz, each frequency point interval is set as Δ f=10kHz, then
The corresponding actual frequency values of a coding meet formula (16) relationship：
factual=Δ f* (No.-Nf)+BW (16)
Wherein, No.={ 1,2 ..., 100 } is frequency coding.
Adjust actual signal relationship so that the combination of frequency representation after adjustment is：f′i={ fi,1,f′i,2,fi,2},
f′i,2=fi,1+fi,2With the coupled phase relationships formula in table 3It is corresponding.
In the case where meeting the above-mentioned different combination of frequency distribution of multi-user, the phase relation for emitting end signal takes (whether coupling)
Value is as shown：(by taking six users as an example).
Table 3 emits the phase relation table of end signal
Wherein, in stationary phase situation, 1 corresponding phases of Bit meet in Case 1 (a)Case 1
(b) it is unsatisfactory for phase coupling estimation.In random phase situation, Bit 0 and 1 phases of Bit are that [0,2 π] uniformly divides in Case 2 (a)
The random value of cloth；0 phases of Bit are [0,2 π] equally distributed random value in Case 2 (b), and 1 phases of Bit are to meet conditionIt is uniformly distributed in [0,2 π].ψ values in wherein stationary phase Case1 (b) are formula (17)：
Attached drawing 3 gives the characteristic curve of error code figure of VWDK modulation techniques in comparison scheme UNB single user communication systems.By
Inventive step 2) the multi-user MMSE detection that provides and PIC detect implementation steps, to the letter under out of phase coupled relation situation
Number demodulation bit error rate is analyzed, phase relation value such as 3 four kinds of situations of table；QPC-FD signals are then obtained in different detection sides
Formula, under different sample frequencys, with the change curve of phase coupling estimation relationship, as shown in Figures 4 to 7, attached drawing analysis is shown in that emulation is real
It tests and effect analysis part.Further give QPC-FD signals and error code of VWDK modulated signals under the conditions of big signal-to-noise ratio
Performance implementation result contrast effect figure, as shown in Figure 8；And QPC-FD signal pins are to there are mistakes when different user number in system
Code performance variation diagram 9 demonstrates multi-user's frequency difference UNB Communication System Design schemes based on square phase-couple characteristic again
Compared to the superiority of single user UNB technologies.
Due to increasing with number of users, the available frequency bandwidth of single user can further compress, then pass through reduction
Modulated signal design constraint analyzes the variation of crystal oscillator frequency deviation variance to UNB multi-user communications under there is only frequency coupling condition
The influence of system.Figure 11 shows that the signal that there is slightly lower signal bondage condition (only existing frequency coupling) to be sets motion, certain
Also there is preferable anti-frequency deviation performance in frequency deviation region.
Emulation experiment and effect analysis：
MMSE and PIC multi-users inspection is respectively adopted in frequency differential UNB telecommunication transmission systems based on square phase-couple
It surveys, when probing into it and meeting frequency coupling, necessity whether phase coupling estimation；And discuss under different user quantity, user is average
The bit error rate with signal-to-noise ratio variation tendency.The transmission signal for simultaneously also designing the program is with VWDK modulation techniques identical
It has carried out BER Simulation under the conditions of SNR to compare, comparative graph is as shown in Figure 8.In turn, constraints is relax to and is only existed
When frequency coupled relation, influence of the crystal oscillator frequency deviation variance to multi-user transmission performance BER is discussed.
Fig. 3 is the demodulation bit error rate curve graph under three kinds of modulation indexs of VWDK modulated signals；And known modulation index α ∈
(0,1), the value of α is closer to 0, and the different wave shape of the binary modulating signal is bigger, and error performance is better, but busy channel bandwidth
It is wider；And when α is closer to 1, for the modulated signal waveform closer to sinusoidal signal, occupied bandwidth is narrower, but interference free performance subtracts
It is weak, it is also more difficult to demodulation and adjusts correct signal.
If Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is under out of phase relation value, the MMSE of QPC-FD signals detects ber curve figure.Fig. 4 is fs
When=1MHz under various phase relation values QPC-FD signals ber curve figure.As it can be seen that random phase Case2 (a), Case2
(b) stationary phase situation Case 1 (a) is compared, the bit error rate of Case 1 (b) is relatively low.When low signal-to-noise ratio, Case 2 (a) is opposite
Case 2 (b) has the gain of 2dB, as signal-to-noise ratio increases, by there are still the gains of 1dB or so.As seen from Figure 5, work as sample rate
Become fsWhen=2MHz, be at this time under random case the case where Bit 1 meets phase coupling estimation Monitoring Performance it is best.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 also uses the phase relation value of 4 and Fig. 5, comparison to find, is still the case for meeting coupled phase relationships
With lower error performance.When sample frequency is fsBit error rate when=1MHz under Case 2 (b) Random Coupling phase situation
Performance is better than other phase conditions.When sample frequency is fsSignal when=2MHz under Case 1 (a) stationary phase coupling scenario
It detects error performance and is better than other situations.
Fig. 8 is that there are the QPC-FD signals of frequency, phase coupling estimation characteristic to be modulated through MMSE and PIC testing results and VWDK
The bit error rate comparison curves of (modulation index α=0.1) under identical transmission rate (rate=1kbps).
Fig. 9 is the relation curve that average error bit rate changes with signal-to-noise ratio under the different user number enumerated.
Figure 10 is that crystal oscillator frequency deviation obeys zero-mean gaussian distribution, the probability distribution schematic diagram of one timing of variance.It can be seen that
When crystal oscillator frequency deviation [16] variance is about 0.5, frequency is mainly distributed between -2ppm~2ppm, therefore there will be -4.8kHz
The frequency deviation value range of~4.8kHz meets the standard that simple signal frequency interval in the present embodiment is Δ f=10kHz.Figure
Under the conditions of 11 is specified signal-to-noise ratio, user's average error rate with crystal oscillator frequency deviation variance change curve.Therefrom as it can be seen that signal-to-noise ratio
Fixed, the bit error rate slowly increases with the increase of crystal oscillator frequency deviation variance or slightly fluctuates；And certain crystal oscillator frequency deviation variance, signal-to-noise ratio
The influence increased to the bit error rate is little.Show that Design of Signal at this time will effectively inhibit corresponding frequency deviation.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
1) combination frequency difference signal emits end module：In UNB communication networks, realize that different frequency differences are distinguished using square phase-couple
The modulated signal coding form of Digital Logic information passes through the simple signal phase coupling estimation of multi-user in frequency differential UNB systems
Allocation plan is designed, the combination of frequency for carrying effective modulation intelligence and there are different frequency differences is distributed for each user；
2) combination frequency difference signal receiving end module：In the receiving terminal of UNB communication network modulated signals, to such multi-frequency combination signal
Realize anti-interference linear, non-linear multi-user performance the parallel parsing pattern of multi-user.
2. a kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple according to claim 1, feature exist
In specific as follows to the Combination Design of multi-user's transmitting terminal signal model in step 1)：
If symbol interval is the multifrequency dyadic digital signal of T, Bit 0, Bit 1 correspond to different simple signal combinations respectivelyAnd phase combination
Wherein, K represents the number of simple signal；
If 1 phases of Bit meet square phase-couple characteristic, and Bit 0 is unsatisfactory for the characteristic, i.e., as shown in formula (1)：
The then s in logical symbol " 0 ", " 1 " corresponding signal waveform expression formula difference corresponding (2)0(t) and s1(t)：
In formula, the signal duration be [0, T)；Ai,k, i={ 0,1 } indicate Bit 0,1 corresponding k-th of simple signal of Bit width
Value；fi,kFor bit i, the kth single-frequency frequency values of i={ 0,1 } corresponding modulating signal, where Equivalent Base-Band signal passband model
Enclose the condition of satisfaction： For bit i, the phase value of the kth single-frequency of i={ 0,1 } corresponding modulating signal；
Sampling processing is carried out to the dyadic digital signal of transmission, if sample frequency is fsHz, then the sampling period is Ts=1/fs, then
The discrete sample signals of above-mentioned continuous cycles are expressed as formula (3)：
In formula, l indicates the l, l=0,1 to continuous signal ... T/TsA sampling；
By signal selector, if { anIndicate the general logical symbol sequence such as Bit 0,1 corresponding binary systems of Bit, then one
The multifrequency point hybrid modulation signal of square phase-couple is indicated such as formula (4)：
That is, working as an=1 signal selector selects 1 corresponding time domain signal waveforms of Bit；Conversely, selection 0 corresponding time domains of Bit letter
Number waveform, the form such as formula (5) under discrete-time series：
3. a kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple according to claim 2, feature exist
In in step 1), the design procedure of square phase-couple multi-user's simple signal assembled scheme is as follows, wherein for each user
A bit signal for, 3 single-frequency tables are chosen per bit simple signal：
101) simple signal sum N is givenf>=6, and at least there is a user, determine combination frequency difference；
Frequency number correspondence 1,2,3 ..., Nf, it therefrom finds out combination of frequency number and meets fi,1＜ fi,2＜ fi,3Three single-frequency
Signal forms a simple signal combination, is denoted as { fi,1,fi,2,fi,3, and the frequency difference group corresponding to simple signal combination is
{Δfi,1,Δfi,2, wherein Δ fi,1=fi,2-fi,1, Δ fi,2=fi,3-fi,2；All frequency difference groups that may be present constitute set
Δ F has：
Δ F={ { Δ f1,1,Δf1,2},{Δf1,1,Δf1,2},...,{Δfu,1,Δfu,2},...,{ΔfN,1,ΔfN,2}} (6)
Wherein,
102) the corresponding combination of frequency f for meeting square phase-couple is selected from above-mentioned combination frequency difference collection Δ Fi,1+fi,2=fi,3's
Frequency difference pair；
Δ is taken from frequency difference group set Δ Fv={ Δ fv,1,Δfv,2},1≤v≤N；From unselected simple signal set F={ f1,
f2,...,fu,...,fUIn select for a post a single-frequency point fu∈ F, construction simple signal combine fu={ fu,fu+Δfv,1,fu+Δfv,1+
Δfv,2, that is, meet fi,1+fi,2=fi,3Frequency coupled characteristic；If fuIncluding three simple signals belong to set F,
And meet square phase-couple frequency coupled characteristic, i.e.,：
fu+(fu+Δfj,1)=fu+Δfv,1+Δfv,2 (7)
Then by fuAlternative set F is addedcandidate；
103) from the identical multiple effective single-frequency combinations of frequency difference, one of combination is selected at random；
If the collection that the simple signal chosen is formed is combined intoL≤Nf, the frequency difference group chosen
The set formedAs shown in formula (8)：
AndTo arbitrary frequency point fu∈Fcandidate, it is known that, corresponding to frequency
Difference group is Δv={ Δ fv,1,Δfv,2},1≤v≤N；If for setThere is setIn each frequency
Difference group only occurs once, then simple signal combines fuFor available simple signal combination；Exist if can be combined with simple signal, is denoted as
fcaccepted；If there are multiple available simple signals to combine, retain the combination of frequency occurred for the first time；Then enableF=F-fcaccepted；
104) Δ F=Δ F- { Δs are enabledv,
105) step 102) is repeated to 104), untilOrAt this point, all available simple signal groups selected
It is combined composition and meets frequency difference uniqueness condition, meet the simple signal combination of frequency coupled characteristic in square phase-couple characteristic.
4. a kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple according to claim 3, feature exist
In in step 2), the docking collection of letters number copies Code Division Multiple Access to carry out Multiuser Detection and analysis, for each transmission user
Transmitted bit make decisions, Multiuser Detection process is as follows：
201) it in the multi-user reception system, corresponds to waveform by pre-set frequency point and corresponds to different users respectively,
For the correlation for reducing between multiple user signals, the corresponding signature waveform of each user is constructed using Gold sequence；Each user transmits letter
Number amplitude Am, m=1,2 ..., M, if the cross-correlation coefficient of subscriber signal modulation waveform is | ρxy|=1/15, x ≠ y, x, y=1,
2 ..., M, correlation matrix are denoted as R, are shown below：
202) for m user, according to random sequence { anThe simple signal of corresponding transmitting Bit 0 and Bit 1 is combined asThe progress of MMSE detectors is respectively adopted
Linearity test method and non-linear detection method are transmitted error performance to this nonlinear quadratic coupling multi-carrier frequency signals
Comparative analysis；
MMSE detector signals export expression formula：
Wherein, σ2For the power of white Gaussian noise；
In view of the transitivity disadvantage of serial interference elimination error in non-linear detection method, thus using in non-linear detection method
Parallel interference canceller.
5. a kind of multi-user's frequency difference UNB method for communication transmission of square phase-couple according to claim 4, feature exist
In the PIC testing processes of the carried UNB multi-user of step 202) are：
A) output of matched filter
In the case of not considering frequency deviation and channel fading, for m user, the matched filtering of the PIC detector first order is defeated
Go out signalIt is denoted as：
Matched filtering for each user exports expression formula：
Wherein, ρmqIt is the related coefficient of user q and user m, correlation matrix is denoted as R；
The output of matched filter is directly adjudicated using single user detector；For user m, filtering output isBit
0 and Bit, 1 corresponding transmission signals are respectivelyWithIfThen
Judgement first order detection at this time is transmitted as 1 corresponding waveforms of BitOtherwise, it is determined that first order detection at this time passes
Defeated is 0 corresponding waveforms of Bit
B) multi-access inference is gone to obtain second level detection output and court verdict
For user m, filtering output isBit 0 and 1 corresponding transmission signals of Bit are respectivelyWith
IfThen judge that first order detection at this time is transmitted as 1 corresponding waveforms of BitOtherwise, it is determined that first order detection at this time is transmitted as 0 corresponding waveforms of BitFor each
A user m, ifWherein s(m)[i] is that user m sends the corresponding signal waveform of bit, then error count adds 1；It asks
Go out the error bit number under the conditions of the certain signal-to-noise ratio of each user, be averaged, you can obtains the average error rate of M user.
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