CN108565931A - A kind of battery voltage equalizing circuit based on transformer - Google Patents
A kind of battery voltage equalizing circuit based on transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108565931A CN108565931A CN201810550502.XA CN201810550502A CN108565931A CN 108565931 A CN108565931 A CN 108565931A CN 201810550502 A CN201810550502 A CN 201810550502A CN 108565931 A CN108565931 A CN 108565931A
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- effect tube
- armature winding
- transformer
- single battery
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 118
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010037660 Pyrexia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002964 excitative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027950 fever generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of battery voltage equalizing circuit based on transformer, including battery pack and voltage balancing module；Battery pack includes several single batteries being connected in series with；Voltage balancing module includes electric voltage equalization unit identical with single battery quantity；Each electric voltage equalization unit includes transformer and switching circuit；Transformer includes the first armature winding, the second armature winding and secondary windings；The different name end of first armature winding and the Same Name of Ends of the second armature winding pass through switching circuit alternate conduction to the cathode of corresponding single battery；The secondary windings of transformer is connected in parallel in each electric voltage equalization unit.Battery voltage equalizing circuit provided by the invention based on transformer, for the voltage differences of battery pack each single battery during charging and discharging, it is automatic in real time to carry out electric voltage equalization, ensure that the low single battery of voltage can obtain the isolation type safety charging of the higher single battery of other voltages, realizes low-loss efficient electric voltage equalization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to battery circuit technical field, more particularly to a kind of balanced electricity of the battery voltage based on transformer
Road.
Background technology
Single battery is because capacity and voltage are limited, therefore often need more piece single battery being together in series to form an electricity
Relatively high, the relatively large battery pack of capacity is pressed to use.Series battery during use, due to each single battery manufacture
The difference of individual capacity caused by the factors such as technique, when charging, capacity is small, poor performance battery will produce and overcharge electrical phenomena, and
In electric discharge, capacity is small, poor performance battery will produce overdischarge phenomenon again；With great security risk, and can shorten
The service life of battery pack.
It is brought to solve the problems, such as difference between each single battery of series battery, needs to use process in battery pack
In electric voltage equalization is carried out to each single battery of battery pack.In the prior art mainly by giving every monomer electricity in battery pack
Parallel connection one resistance in pond is realized balanced by the form of the extra electricity of resistance consumption.However the extra electricity of resistance consumption can cause
Battery pack local pyrexia heats up, high for the cooling requirements of battery pack, and resistance consumption being one by way of realizing equilibrium
The waste of kind battery power, is unfavorable for energy saving and environmentally friendly.
Invention content
To solve the above-mentioned deficiency mentioned in the prior art, it is equal that the present invention provides a kind of battery voltage based on transformer
Weigh circuit, to reduce battery voltage equilibrium during electric energy waste.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of battery voltage equalizing circuit based on transformer, including battery
Group and voltage balancing module；
The battery pack includes several single batteries being connected in series with；
The voltage balancing module includes electric voltage equalization unit identical with the single battery quantity；The electric voltage equalization
Unit is connected with single battery one-to-one correspondence；
Each electric voltage equalization unit includes transformer and switching circuit；
The transformer includes the first armature winding, the second armature winding and secondary windings；First armature winding and
The coil turn of second armature winding is identical；The coiling of the coil of first armature winding and second armature winding
Direction is opposite；
The different name end of the Same Name of Ends of first armature winding and second armature winding is connected to corresponding monomer electricity
The anode in pond；
The Same Name of Ends of the different name end of first armature winding and second armature winding is handed over by the switching circuit
For being conducted to the cathode of corresponding single battery；
The secondary windings of transformer is connected in parallel in each electric voltage equalization unit.
Further, the switching circuit includes the first field-effect tube, the second field-effect tube, field-effect tube driving circuit；
First field-effect tube is connected in series between the different name end of first armature winding and the cathode of corresponding single battery；Institute
The second field-effect tube is stated to be connected in series between the Same Name of Ends of second armature winding and the cathode of corresponding single battery；It is described
Field-effect tube driving circuit controls first field-effect tube and the second field-effect tube alternate conduction.
Further, the field-effect tube driving circuit includes the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, the first current limliting electricity
Resistance, the second current-limiting resistance, the first diode, the second diode, the first capacitance and the second capacitance；
First divider resistance, the second divider resistance be connected in series in the first input power and single battery cathode it
Between；
One end of first current-limiting resistance is connected to the public of first divider resistance and second divider resistance
End；The other end of first current-limiting resistance and one end of first capacitance, the anode of first diode and described
The grid of first field-effect tube is connected；The cathode of the other end of first capacitance and first diode is connected to institute
State the Same Name of Ends of the first armature winding；
One end of second current-limiting resistance is connected to the public of first divider resistance and second divider resistance
End；The other end of second current-limiting resistance and one end of second capacitance, the anode of second diode and described
The grid of second field-effect tube is connected；The cathode of the other end of second capacitance and second diode is connected to institute
State the different name end of the second armature winding.
Further, first diode and second diode are common-cathode dual-diode.
Further, the switching circuit further includes driving protection switching circuit；Driving protection switching circuit includes
Third field-effect tube, the 4th field-effect tube and microcontroller；
The drain electrode of the third field-effect tube is connected with the grid of first field-effect tube；The third field-effect tube
Source electrode be connected with the cathode of corresponding single battery；
The drain electrode of 4th field-effect tube is connected with the grid of second field-effect tube；4th field-effect tube
Source electrode be connected with the cathode of corresponding single battery；
The grid of the third field-effect tube and the grid of the 4th field-effect tube are connected with the microcontroller；Institute
It states microcontroller and controls the third field-effect tube and the 4th field-effect tube on or off.
Further, each electric voltage equalization unit further includes filter circuit；The filter circuit includes the first filtered electrical
Appearance, the second filter circuit, third filter capacitor, filter inductance and third diode；The anode of the third diode and institute
The different name end of the Same Name of Ends and second armature winding of stating the first armature winding is connected, the cathode of the third diode
It is connected with the anode of corresponding single battery；The filter inductance is connect with the third diodes in parallel, first filtering
After capacitance and second filter capacitor are connected in parallel, it is connected in series in one end of the filter inductance and corresponding single battery
Between cathode；The third filter capacitor be connected in series in the other end of the filter inductance and corresponding single battery cathode it
Between.
Further, the turn ratio of the secondary windings in each transformer and the armature winding is 1~5：1.
Further, the transformer is the transformer of nanocrystalline toroidal core coiling.
Battery voltage equalizing circuit provided by the invention based on transformer passes through transformer in electric voltage equalization unit
Two armature winding alternate conductions make to produce alternating flux in the magnetic core of transformer to the output end of single battery, to become
The induced voltage directly proportional to each monomer battery voltage is generated on the secondary windings of depressor, and simultaneously by the secondary windings of each transformer
Connection connection is that the lower single battery of voltage charges by the energy transfer on secondary windings, to realize the high monomer of voltage
The battery single battery low to voltage carries out isolated lossless charging.Battery voltage provided by the invention based on transformer is equal
Weigh circuit, and for the voltage differences of battery pack each single battery during charging and discharging, automatic progress voltage is equal in real time
Weighing apparatus, it is ensured that the low single battery of voltage can obtain the isolation type safety charging of the higher single battery of other voltages, realize low damage
The efficient electric voltage equalization of consumption.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is this hair
Some bright embodiments for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with root
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the circuit structure block diagram of the battery voltage equalizing circuit provided by the invention based on transformer；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of the electric voltage equalization unit in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Reference numeral：
10 battery pack, 11 single battery, 20 power supply equalization unit
21 transformer, 22 switching circuit
Specific implementation mode
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
The every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
" first ", " second " and the similar word used in the embodiment of the present invention is not offered as any sequence, quantity
Or importance, and be only intended to distinguish different component parts.The similar word such as " one end ", " other end ", simply means to show dress
It sets or the orientation or positional relationship of element is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, do not indicate or imply the indicated
Device or element must have a particular orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation.The similar word such as " comprising " or "comprising"
The meaning of one's words points out that the element before the word either cover the element for appearing in the word presented hereinafter or object and its be equal by object,
And it is not excluded for other elements or object." connection " either the similar word such as " connected " is not limited to physics or mechanical company
It connects, but may include electrical connection, it is either directly or indirect.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structure diagram of the battery voltage equalizing circuit based on transformer provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Referring to Fig.1, the battery voltage equalizing circuit provided by the invention based on transformer, including battery pack 10 and electric voltage equalization mould
Block；
The battery pack 10 includes several single batteries 11 being connected in series with；
The voltage balancing module includes electric voltage equalization unit identical with 11 quantity of the single battery 20；The voltage
Balanced unit 20 is connected with the one-to-one correspondence of the single battery 11；
Each electric voltage equalization unit 20 includes transformer 21 and switching circuit 22；
The transformer 21 includes the first armature winding, the second armature winding and secondary windings；First armature winding
It is identical with the coil turn of the second armature winding；The coil of first armature winding and second armature winding around
Line direction is opposite；
The different name end of the Same Name of Ends of first armature winding and second armature winding is connected to corresponding monomer electricity
The anode in pond 11；
The Same Name of Ends of the different name end of first armature winding and second armature winding passes through the switching circuit 22
Alternate conduction to corresponding single battery 11 cathode；
The secondary windings of transformer 21 is connected in parallel in each electric voltage equalization unit 20.
When it is implemented, as shown in Figure 1, battery pack 10 is connected in series by N number of single battery 11 (C1~Cn), N is
The particular number of integer more than or equal to 2, single battery 11 can be configured as needed.Wherein the 1st single battery 11
Cathode of the cathode as battery pack 10, the anode of the anode of n-th single battery 11 as battery pack 10；1st single battery
11 anode is connected with the cathode of the 2nd single battery 11, the anode and the 3rd single battery 11 of the 2nd single battery 11
Cathode be connected, and so on.
Each single battery 11 is correspondingly arranged there are one electric voltage equalization unit 20, the electricity for balanced each single battery 11
Pressure.As shown in Figure 1, the circuit structure of each electric voltage equalization unit 20 is identical, electric voltage equalization unit 20 includes a transformer 21
With a switching circuit 22；Transformer 21 includes two armature windings and a secondary windings；The coil turn of two armature windings
Number is identical, direction of winding is opposite；Wherein as shown in Fig. 2, the 3rd pin of transformer 21 and the 4th pin are the first armature winding, become
2nd pin of depressor 21 and the 5th pin are the second armature winding, and the 1st pin of transformer 21 and the 6th pin are secondary windings,
The 4th pin, the 2nd pin and the 1st pin of wherein transformer 21 be respectively the first armature winding, the second armature winding, it is secondary around
The Same Name of Ends of group, the 3rd pin, the 5th pin and the 6th pin of transformer 21 be respectively the first armature winding, the second armature winding,
The different name end of secondary windings；The different name end of the Same Name of Ends of first armature winding and the second armature winding is connected to corresponding monomer electricity
The anode in pond 11, the different name end of the first armature winding and the Same Name of Ends of the second armature winding by 22 alternate conduction of switching circuit extremely
The cathode of corresponding single battery 11；Single battery 11 is corresponded to described in the embodiment of the present invention is and 20 phase of electric voltage equalization unit
The single battery 11 of connection；
Specifically, Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of electric voltage equalization unit of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is single battery quantity when being two
Exemplary circuit schematic；As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the switching circuit 22 in the embodiment of the present invention includes the first field-effect tube
Qn1, the second field-effect tube Qn2 and field-effect tube driving circuit；Wherein the first field-effect tube Qn1 be connected in series in first it is primary around
Between the different name end and the cathode of corresponding single battery of group, for be switched on or off the different name end of the first armature winding with it is corresponding
The connection of the cathode of single battery；Second field-effect tube Qn2 is connected in series in the Same Name of Ends of the second armature winding and corresponding monomer
Between the cathode of battery, the company at different name end and the cathode of corresponding single battery for being switched on or off the first armature winding
It connects；
Field-effect tube driving circuit is for driving the first field-effect tube Qn1 and the second field-effect tube Qn2 alternate conductions, in turn
Make the first armature winding different name end and the second armature winding Same Name of Ends alternate conduction to corresponding single battery 11 cathode；
Effect tube drive circuit includes the first divider resistance Rn1, the second divider resistance Rn2, the first current-limiting resistance Rn3, the second current limliting electricity
Hinder Rn4, the first diode Yn1, the second diode Yn2, the first capacitance CTn1 and the second capacitance CTn2；
As shown in Fig. 2, the first divider resistance Rn1, the second divider resistance Rn2 are connected in series in the first input power
Between chargen+ and single battery cathode, the output of the output voltage and corresponding single battery of the first input power chargen+
Voltage is identical；Voltage at the common end of first divider resistance Rn1 and the second divider resistance Rn2 is point electricity of the second piezoresistance
Pressure；Preferably, the resistance value of the second divider resistance Rn2 is 15 times~20 times of the first divider resistance Rn1, the embodiment of the present invention
In, the resistance value of the first divider resistance Rn1 is that the resistance value of 30k Ω, the second divider resistance Rn2 are 510k Ω；
One end of first current-limiting resistance Rn3 is connected to the common end of the first divider resistance Rn1 and the second divider resistance Rn2；
One end of the other end of first current-limiting resistance Rn3 and the first capacitance CTn1, the anode of the first diode Yn1 and the first field-effect
The grid of pipe Qn1 is connected, which is denoted as the first driving voltage output point Vngs1；The other end of first capacitance CTn1 and
The cathode of first diode Yn1 is connected to the Same Name of Ends of the first armature winding, i.e. the first capacitance CTn1 and the first diode Yn1
It is connected in parallel；
One end of second current-limiting resistance Rn4 is connected to the first divider resistance Rn1's and the second divider resistance Rn2
Common end；One end of the other end of second current-limiting resistance Rn4 and the second capacitance CTn2, the anode of the second diode Yn2 and institute
The grid for stating the second field-effect tube Qn2 is connected, which is denoted as the second driving voltage output point Vngs2；Second capacitance
The cathode of the other end of CTn2 and the second diode Yn2 are connected to the different name end of the second armature winding, i.e. the second capacitance CTn2
It is connected in parallel with the second diode Yn2；Preferably, the first diode Yn1 and the second diode Yn2 are common cathode
Double diode.
First driving voltage output point Vngs1 is connected to the first divider resistance Rn1 and second by the first current-limiting resistance Rn3
The common end of divider resistance Rn2, the second driving voltage output point Vngs2 are connected to the first partial pressure by the second current-limiting resistance Rn4
The common end of resistance Rn1 and the second divider resistance Rn2, the first driving voltage output point Vngs1 and the second driving voltage output point
The initial voltage of Vngs2 is the voltage of the common end of the first divider resistance Rn1 and the second divider resistance Rn2, the first driving electricity
Press the voltage theoretical value of output point Vngs1 and the second driving voltage output point Vngs2 identical, the two is applied separately to first effect
When should be on the grid and the second field-effect tube Qn2 grids of pipe Qn1, the first production effect pipe and the second field-effect tube Qn2 be theoretically answered
It simultaneously turns on when being, however in practice, due to error present on each component parameter in circuit system, such as first
Current-limiting resistance Rn3 and the second current-limiting resistance Rn4 actual resistances certainly exist error, the first field-effect tube Qn1 and the second field-effect
The conducting threshold voltage of pipe Qn2 is because the influence of production technology also certainly exists error, along with various dry present in circuit
The influence of factors such as disturb so that always there are one can be first in practical applications by the first field-effect tube Qn1 and the second field-effect tube Qn2
Conducting；
Assuming that the first field-effect tube Qn1 is introduced into lightly conducting, the drain electrode of the first field-effect tube Qn1 is to source electrode lightly conducting to list
The cathode of body battery 11；And the second driving voltage output point Vngs2 is connected to first by the second diode Yn2 forward conductions
The drain electrode of effect pipe Qn1, followed by the cathode of the first field-effect tube Qn1 lightly conductings to single battery 11, so the second driving
The voltage of voltage output point Vngs2 is pulled down to the cathode voltage close to single battery 11, and the second field-effect tube Qn2 is forced to enter
Stablize cut-off state；After second field-effect tube Qn2 cut-off, the anode of single battery 11 by the second armature winding, using the
One capacitance CTn1 is connected to the first driving voltage output point Vngs1, forms the positive feedback of the first driving voltage output point Vngs1,
The moment near short circuit state because the first capacitance CTn1 is powered, the anode for being equivalent to single battery 11 are connected to the first driving electricity
Output point Vngs1 is pressed, the electricity of the knot between higher driving voltage and the grid and source electrode of bigger is provided for the first field-effect tube Qn1
Capacity charge electric current promotes the first field-effect tube Qn1 to quickly enter fully on state by initial lightly conducting state.
First field-effect tube Qn1 enter it is fully on after, the anode of single battery 11 is the by the second armature winding
One capacitance CTn1 continues to charge, as the voltage at the first both ends capacitance CTn1 gradually rises, because the first both ends capacitance CTn1 are electric
Pressure and the first driving voltage output point Vngs1 are series relationships, so the voltage of the first driving voltage output point Vngs1 can be therewith
It continuously decreases, until the voltage of the first driving voltage output point Vngs1 falls below the conducting threshold values of the first field-effect tube Qn1
When voltage, the first field-effect tube Qn1 enters cut-off state.As the first field-effect tube Qn1 enters cut-off state, the second driving electricity
The voltage of pressure output point Vngs2 is restored to the voltage of the common end of the first divider resistance Rn1 and the second divider resistance Rn2；Second
Field-effect tube Qn2 enters lightly conducting state, the second field-effect tube under the voltage effect of the second driving voltage output point Vngs2
The drain electrode of Qn2 is to source electrode lightly conducting to the cathode of single battery 11；And the first driving voltage output point Vngs1 passes through the one or two pole
Pipe Yn1 forward conductions are connected to the drain electrode of the second field-effect tube Qn2, followed by the second field-effect tube Qn2 lightly conductings to monomer
The cathode of battery 11, so the voltage of the first driving voltage output point Vngs1 is pulled down to the negative electricity close to single battery 11
Pressure, forces the first field-effect tube Qn1 to enter stable cut-off state；After first field-effect tube Qn1 cut-offs, the anode of single battery 11
It is connected to the second driving voltage output point Vngs2 by the first armature winding, using the second capacitance CTn2, forms the second driving
The positive feedback of voltage output point Vngs2, the moment near short circuit state because the second capacitance CTn2 is powered, is equivalent to single battery 11
Anode be connected to the second driving voltage output point Vngs2, provide higher driving voltage and bigger for the second field-effect tube Qn2
Grid and source electrode between junction capacity charging current, promote the second field-effect tube Qn2 by initial lightly conducting state rapidly into
Enter fully on state.Subsequent second field-effect tube Qn2 ends again, and the first field-effect tube Qn1 conductings so recycle past
It is multiple.
First field-effect tube Qn1 and the second such alternate conductions of field-effect tube Qn2 so that transformer 21 first it is primary around
The different name end of group and the Same Name of Ends of the second armature winding pass through 22 alternate conduction of switching circuit to the cathode of corresponding single battery 11；
When the different name end of the first armature winding is conducting to the cathode of corresponding single battery 11 by switching circuit 22, monomer
The anode of battery 11, the first armature winding, single battery 11 cathode constitute closed circuit, have in the first armature winding electric current logical
It crosses；When the Same Name of Ends of the second armature winding is conducting to the cathode of corresponding single battery 11 by switching circuit 22, single battery
11 anode, the second armature winding, single battery 11 cathode constitute closed circuit, there is electric current to pass through in the second armature winding；
Therefore alternating flux is generated in the magnetic core of transformer 21, and induced voltage is just accordingly generated on the secondary windings of transformer 21；It is secondary
Induced voltage on grade winding is directly proportional to the voltage on armature winding, since the voltage on armature winding is single battery 11
Voltage, therefore the induced voltage on secondary windings is directly proportional to the voltage of single battery 11；In each electric voltage equalization unit 20
All there are one the induced voltage for being proportional to 11 voltage of each single battery, the voltages of single battery 11 for the secondary windings of transformer 21
Bigger, the induced voltage of the secondary windings on corresponding transformer 21 is also bigger；
Since the structure of transformer 21 in each electric voltage equalization unit 20 is identical, i.e., each 21 armature winding of transformer and it is secondary around
The direction of winding of identical, the corresponding winding of group turn ratio is identical, therefore when 11 voltage of each single battery is equal, each transformer 21 times
The induced voltage of grade winding is also equal, that is to say, that 21 secondary windings of each transformer does not have voltage when being connected in parallel
Difference so almost just existing without loop current, that is, is in low power consumpting state.
When certain deviation occurs in 11 voltage of each single battery, 11 voltage of single battery is higher will be corresponding
Higher induced voltage is induced on 21 secondary windings of transformer；When the secondary windings of each transformer 21 is connected in parallel,
On the secondary windings that the high secondary windings of induced voltage will force down energy transfer to induced electricity, so that generate energy transfer electricity
Stream；It is increased as the lower single battery 11 of voltage corresponds to the energy on the secondary windings of transformer 21, the energy on secondary windings
Amount will incude the armature winding for being transferred to corresponding transformer 21 again, and then the lower single battery 11 of voltage charges, from
And it realizes the high single battery 11 of voltage and carries out incuding isolated charging by the single battery 11 low to voltage of transformer 21
Function.
Battery voltage equalizing circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on transformer, by becoming in electric voltage equalization unit
Two armature winding alternate conductions of depressor make to produce alternating flux in the magnetic core of transformer to the output end of single battery, from
And the induced voltage directly proportional to each monomer battery voltage is generated on the secondary windings of transformer, and by the secondary of each transformer
Winding parallel connects, and is that the lower single battery of voltage charges by the energy transfer on secondary windings, to realize voltage height
The single battery single battery low to voltage carry out isolated lossless charging.It is provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on transformer
Battery voltage equalizing circuit, for the voltage differences of battery pack each single battery during charging and discharging, in real time certainly
It is dynamic to carry out electric voltage equalization, it is ensured that the isolation type safety that the low single battery of voltage can obtain the higher single battery of other voltages fills
Electricity realizes low-loss efficient electric voltage equalization.
Preferably, the switching circuit 22 further includes driving protection switching circuit 22；Switching circuit 22 is protected in the driving
Including third field-effect tube Qn3, the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 and microcontroller；
The drain electrode of the third field-effect tube Qn3 is connected with the grid of the first field-effect tube Qn1；The third field
The source electrode of effect pipe Qn3 is connected with the cathode of corresponding single battery 11；
The drain electrode of the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 is connected with the grid of the second field-effect tube Qn2；Described 4th
The source electrode of effect pipe Qn4 is connected with the cathode of corresponding single battery 11；
The grid of the third field-effect tube Qn3 and the grid of the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 with the microcontroller phase
Connection；The microcontroller controls the third field-effect tube Qn3 and the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 on or off.
When it is implemented, further including driving protection switching circuit 22, driving protection switch electricity in each switching circuit 22
Road 22 is used to provide driving protection shutdown signal to the first field-effect tube Qn1 and the second field-effect tube Qn2, makes the first field-effect tube
Qn1 and the second field-effect tube Qn2 are constantly in cut-off state；As shown in Fig. 2, driving protection switching circuit 22 is imitated including third field
It should pipe Qn3, the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 and microcontroller；The drain electrode of wherein third field-effect tube Qn3 is with the first field-effect tube Qn1's
Grid is connected；The source electrode of third field-effect tube Qn3 is connected with the cathode of corresponding single battery 11；4th field-effect tube Qn4
Drain electrode be connected with the grid of the second field-effect tube Qn2；The source electrode of 4th field-effect tube Qn4 is negative with corresponding single battery 11
Pole is connected；The grid of third field-effect tube Qn3 and the grid of the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 are connected with microcontroller；Microcontroller
Control third field-effect tube Qn3 and the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 on or off；
When needing to stop the voltage balancing function of battery pack 10, microcontroller is to the grid of third field-effect tube Qn3 and the
Electricity needed for grid of the grid output higher than third field-effect tube Qn3 of four field-effect tube Qn4 and the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 conductings
Pressure, keeps the grid of third field-effect tube Qn3 and the 4th field-effect tube Qn4 in the conduction state, to the first field-effect tube Qn1's
The gate turn-on of grid and the second field-effect tube Qn2 to single battery 11 cathode so that the first field-effect tube Qn1 and second
Effect pipe Qn2 is constantly in cut-off state, to close the voltage balancing function of battery pack 10.
Preferably, each electric voltage equalization unit 20 further includes filter circuit；The filter circuit includes the first filtered electrical
Hold Cn1, the second filter capacitor Cn2, third filter capacitor Cn3, filter inductance Ln1 and third diode Dn1；Described 3rd 2
The anode of pole pipe Dn1 is connected with the different name end of the Same Name of Ends of first armature winding and second armature winding, institute
The cathode for stating third diode Dn1 is connected with the anode of corresponding single battery 11；The filter inductance Ln1 and the described 3rd 2
Pole pipe Dn1 is connected in parallel, and after the first filter capacitor Cn1 and second filter capacitor are connected in parallel, is connected in series in institute
It states between one end of filter inductance Ln1 and the cathode of corresponding single battery 11；The third filter capacitor Cn3 is connected in series in institute
It states between the other end of filter inductance Ln1 and the cathode of corresponding single battery 11.
When it is implemented, as shown in Fig. 2, further including filter circuit in each electric voltage equalization unit 20, filter circuit includes
First filter capacitor Cn1, the second filter capacitor Cn2, third filter capacitor Cn3, filter inductance Ln1 and third diode Dn1；
The anode of third diode Dn1 is connected with the different name end of the Same Name of Ends of the first armature winding and the second armature winding, third
The cathode of diode Dn1 is connected with the anode of corresponding single battery 11；Filter inductance Ln1 is in parallel with third diode Dn1 to be connected
Connect, after the first filter capacitor Cn1 and the second filter capacitor are connected in parallel, be connected in series in one end of filter inductance Ln1 with it is corresponding
Between the cathode of single battery 11；Third filter capacitor Cn3 is connected in series in the other end and corresponding monomer electricity of filter inductance Ln1
Between the cathode in pond 11.Wherein the first filter capacitor Cn1's is used for High frequency filter；Second filter capacitor Cn2, third filter capacitor
Cn3, filter inductance Ln1 composition pi type filters play the role of stable input and output voltage.
Preferably, the turn ratio of the secondary windings in each transformer 21 and the armature winding is 1~5：1.
When it is implemented, the turn ratio of the secondary windings and armature winding in each transformer 21 is 1~5：1, by the way that transformer 21 is arranged
Secondary winding coil turn ratio armature winding coil turn it is some more, the induced electricity on each secondary windings is amplified with this
It is low to voltage to can be achieved with the high single battery 11 of voltage so that each single battery 11 is in smaller pressure difference for the difference of pressure
Single battery 11 carry out energy transfer charging；Meanwhile voltage amplification coefficient also should not be too large, and otherwise incude in transformer 21
Under the premise of energy estimate methods, the voltage of transfer is higher, not only to the resistance to pressure request higher of device, the electric current of transfer be it is smaller,
It is equivalent to that euqalizing current is smaller, is unfavorable for the balancing energy of battery pack 10.Preferably, the secondary in each transformer 21
The turn ratio of winding and the armature winding is 3：1.
Preferably, the transformer 21 is the transformer 21 of nanocrystalline toroidal core coiling.When it is implemented, utilizing high property
There is the transformer 21 of the nanocrystalline toroidal core coiling of energy splendid temperature characterisitic, high magnetic permeability to reduce low excitatory work(
Rate reduces copper loss and iron loss, to reduce the loss in energy transfer process, improve electric voltage equalization efficiency.
Although more herein used such as single battery, electric voltage equalization unit, transformer, armature winding, secondary
The terms such as winding, turn ratio, field-effect tube, divider resistance, current-limiting resistance, filter capacitor, diode, but be not precluded and use it
The possibility of its term.The use of these items is only for more easily describe and explain the essence of the present invention；They are solved
Any one of the additional limitations is interpreted into all to disagree with spirit of that invention.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：Its according to
So can with technical scheme described in the above embodiments is modified, either to which part or all technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these modifications or replacements, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of battery voltage equalizing circuit based on transformer, it is characterised in that：Including battery pack and voltage balancing module；
The battery pack includes several single batteries being connected in series with；
The voltage balancing module includes electric voltage equalization unit identical with the single battery quantity；The electric voltage equalization unit
It is connected with single battery one-to-one correspondence；
Each electric voltage equalization unit includes transformer and switching circuit；
The transformer includes the first armature winding, the second armature winding and secondary windings；First armature winding and described
The coil turn of second armature winding is identical；The direction of winding of the coil of first armature winding and second armature winding
On the contrary；
The different name end of the Same Name of Ends of first armature winding and second armature winding is connected to corresponding single battery
Anode；
The Same Name of Ends of the different name end of first armature winding and second armature winding is alternately led by the switching circuit
Pass to the cathode of corresponding single battery；
The secondary windings of transformer is connected in parallel in each electric voltage equalization unit.
2. the battery voltage equalizing circuit according to claim 1 based on transformer, it is characterised in that：The switch electricity
Road includes the first field-effect tube, the second field-effect tube, field-effect tube driving circuit；First field-effect tube is connected in series in institute
It states between the different name end of the first armature winding and the cathode of corresponding single battery；Second field-effect tube is connected in series in described
Between the Same Name of Ends of second armature winding and the cathode of corresponding single battery；The field-effect tube driving circuit control described first
Field-effect tube and the second field-effect tube alternate conduction.
3. the battery voltage equalizing circuit according to claim 2 based on transformer, it is characterised in that：The field-effect
Tube drive circuit include the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, the first current-limiting resistance, the second current-limiting resistance, the first diode,
Second diode, the first capacitance and the second capacitance；
First divider resistance, the second divider resistance are connected in series between the first input power and single battery cathode；
One end of first current-limiting resistance is connected to the common end of first divider resistance and second divider resistance；Institute
State the other end of the first current-limiting resistance and one end of first capacitance, positive and described first of first diode
The grid of effect pipe is connected；The cathode of the other end of first capacitance and first diode is connected to described first
The Same Name of Ends of armature winding；
One end of second current-limiting resistance is connected to the common end of first divider resistance and second divider resistance；Institute
State the other end of the second current-limiting resistance and one end of second capacitance, positive and described second of second diode
The grid of effect pipe is connected；The cathode of the other end of second capacitance and second diode is connected to described second
The different name end of armature winding.
4. the battery voltage equalizing circuit according to claim 3 based on transformer, it is characterised in that：Described 1st
Pole pipe and second diode are common-cathode dual-diode.
5. the battery voltage equalizing circuit according to claim 4 based on transformer, it is characterised in that：The switch electricity
Road further includes driving protection switching circuit；Driving protection switching circuit include third field-effect tube, the 4th field-effect tube and
Microcontroller；
The drain electrode of the third field-effect tube is connected with the grid of first field-effect tube；The source of the third field-effect tube
Pole is connected with the cathode of corresponding single battery；
The drain electrode of 4th field-effect tube is connected with the grid of second field-effect tube；The source of 4th field-effect tube
Pole is connected with the cathode of corresponding single battery；
The grid of the third field-effect tube and the grid of the 4th field-effect tube are connected with the microcontroller；The list
Piece machine controls the third field-effect tube and the 4th field-effect tube on or off.
6. the battery voltage equalizing circuit according to claim 1 based on transformer, it is characterised in that：Each voltage
Balanced unit further includes filter circuit；The filter circuit includes the first filter capacitor, the second filter circuit, third filtered electrical
Appearance, filter inductance and third diode；The anode of the third diode and the Same Name of Ends of first armature winding and
The different name end of second armature winding is connected, and the cathode of the third diode is connected with the anode of corresponding single battery
It connects；The filter inductance is connect with the third diodes in parallel, and first filter capacitor and second filter capacitor are simultaneously
After connection connection, it is connected in series between one end of the filter inductance and the cathode of corresponding single battery；The third filtered electrical
Appearance is connected in series between the other end of the filter inductance and the cathode of corresponding single battery.
7. the battery voltage equalizing circuit according to claim 1 based on transformer, it is characterised in that：Each transformation
The turn ratio of the secondary windings and the armature winding in device is 1~5：1.
8. according to battery voltage equalizing circuit of claim 1~7 any one of them based on transformer, it is characterised in that：
The transformer is the transformer of nanocrystalline toroidal core coiling.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810550502.XA CN108565931B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Battery pack voltage equalization circuit based on transformer |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810550502.XA CN108565931B (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2018-05-31 | Battery pack voltage equalization circuit based on transformer |
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| CN108565931B CN108565931B (en) | 2023-05-23 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114006430A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-02-01 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Equalization circuit of battery system, battery management system and operation machine |
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Denomination of invention: A Transformer based Voltage Balancing Circuit for Battery Pack Effective date of registration: 20231222 Granted publication date: 20230523 Pledgee: Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Xiamen branch Pledgor: XIAMEN CHIPSUN TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023110000543 |
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