CN108563905A - Automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method - Google Patents
Automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design methods, overlong time is calculated to overcome the problems, such as the prior art there are finite element complete automobile collision model and solves carbon fibre reinforced composite overlay thickness, laying angle and ply stacking-sequence design, the step of optimum design method is：1. decoupling B pillar structures from vehicle finite element model；2. carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates optimize：1) B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode is established；2) carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode laying optimizes:(1) topological optimization；(2) dimensionally-optimised；(3) sequential optimization；3) B column reinforcement plates optimum results in decouple under minor structure dynamic operation condition verify calculate：(1) B column reinforcement plates are improved；(2) analog simulation and analysis are carried out to the model with carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates after optimization；(3) correction data of B columns and the B columns in former vehicle after optimizing is checked.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of design methods in research on vehicle passive safety field, more precisely, the present invention relates to
And a kind of automobile B-column minor structure decouples and automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method.
Background technology
With the rise in short supply and new-energy automobile of the energy, lightweight have become in current automotive industry can not or
Scarce research contents.Main passenger car light-weight design mode includes now：Car body component is carried out using modes such as topologys
Structure design, the extensive application of high strength steel, light-weight metal and high molecular material, ceramic material and composite material etc. are nonmetallic
The use of material.Wherein, the advantages that carbon fibre reinforced composite is low by its density, specific strength is high and good manufacturability,
There is preliminary use in vehicle body made of composite materials, the key position such as BMW i7 B columns in metal structure locally adds carbon fiber
Enhance composite material, the way of forming composite structure can give full play to the advantage of carbon fibre reinforced composite, while can drop
Low cost reduces dosage, is the main application development direction for carbon fibre reinforced composite in current independent brand automobile.
To adapt to higher minibus and lightweight requirements needed for current social development, and with carbon fibre reinforced composite
The continuous development of forming technique, carbon fibre reinforced composite will have in automotive body structure to be more widely applied.
However simple replacement only currently is carried out to traditional metal materials mostly in body lightening research, to shock resistance
Performance is unsatisfactory for position generally use and increases the modes such as plate thickness to meet the requirements.But this mode does not make full use of composite material
Designability energy, and light weight effect unobvious, it is necessary to it is structure-integrated that material-be carried out to carbon fibre reinforced composite
Design.
B-pillar structure is main energy-absorbing and load component of the body of a motor car in side collision situation, is also vertically oriented structure
At the component of Path of Force Transfer, power can be passed up to covering for roofs longeron by it, and power is carried out laterally by vehicle roof supports crossbeam again
It transmits.Its crashworthiness is to make decision to damage human body the most key factor of size in side collision operating mode, B columns institute
The deformation being subject to will can all generate a certain amount of influence to the side surface direction structure of entire vehicle.Human body when side collision
Injury mainly irreversible injury caused by the impact of head, chest, vertebra and pelvic area.If it does not have
Enough rigidity will then cause more serious casualty situations, in conclusion in side collision situation, for B-pillar structure
Research, tool has very important significance.Carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates optimization purpose is that fiber is made full use of to increase
The advantages that specific strength of strong composite material is good, specific modulus is high, corrosion-resistant, antifatigue, overlay thickness, angle and sequence for
Material property all has vital relationship, and topological optimization, dimensionally-optimised and sequential optimization, which are now applied to carbon fiber, increases
To reach automotive light weight technology effect in strong composite material B column reinforcement plates optimization.
On the other hand, at present due to the limitation of computer performance, complete automobile collision model calculates overlong time, influences efficiency；
And the intrusion volume in the sub-structure model and vehicle that often current existing minor structure decoupling method is realized and intrusion speed
Line fitting degree of writing music is low.Proposed decoupling method can relatively accurately carry out the complicated collision situation in vehicle
Simplify, be greatly saved and calculate the time, improves computational efficiency.
By carrying out domestic and international pertinent literature retrieval, similar decoupling and carbon fibre reinforced composite B columns are found no
Reinforcing plate parameter Optimization Analysis method.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome finite element complete automobile collision model of the existing technology to calculate
Overlong time and solve the problems, such as carbon fibre reinforced composite overlay thickness, laying angle and ply stacking-sequence design, provide
A kind of automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that realization：The automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate
The step of carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method, is as follows：
1) B pillar structures are decoupled from vehicle finite element model；
2) carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates optimize：
(1) B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode is established；
(2) carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode laying optimizes:
A. topological optimization；
B. dimensionally-optimised；
C. sequential optimization；
(3) B column reinforcement plates optimum results in decouple under minor structure dynamic operation condition verify calculate.
Refer to according to B pillar structures are decoupled in the slave vehicle finite element model described in technical solution：
1) according to original vehicle side impact model, retain the component that is connected with B columns to ensure the standard of its deformation
True property, i.e. sill strip, gusset plate, roof bow, car door tubulose collision prevention girders, along with B-pillar structure is as sub-structure model；
2) using the region being closely located to and the side collision trolley buffering of being connected with B columns that be connected with B columns in component
Honeycomb aluminum front end surface carries out side collision FEM calculation, is post-processed by Ls-prepost soft as collision reference point
The displacement-time curve data of part extraction collision reference point；
3) curve data extracted is converted to Ls-dyna simulation calculation softwares by MATLAB programming softwares can recognize that
Data information, then imported by text editor simplify after only retain B columns and its peripheral parts and side collision trolley before
The calculating k files of the sub- condition model at end, just accurate simulation vehicle side collision situation.
Refer to according to the B column reinforcement plate static state operating modes foundation described in technical solution：
(1) structure simplifies
According to the geometric dimension of existing B column reinforcement plates planform, B column reinforcement plate thickness is set to unified initial thick
Degree, and retains the shape and structure parameter in whole vehicle model in virgin metal B column reinforcement plates, will simplify and reserve bolt in structure and consolidate
Determine pore structure, and carries out its mesh quality inspection；
(2) foundation of carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates
A. the part B column reinforcement plate that will optimize is changed to carbon fibre reinforced composite, rule of thumb carries out laying
Angle, ply stacking-sequence, overlay thickness setting, make it that can keep former crashworthiness in collision simulation, this laying information are made
For the initial parameter next optimized；
B. it since B column reinforcement plates are all design section, therefore is formed using No. 8 anisotropic material model creation layings laminated
Harden structure, attribute definition for design section setting choose PCOMPP, due to Optistruct optimization softwares can only to material into
Row is thinned without having the function of thickening, therefore need to establish the thicker breakaway layer of so-called original depth, and the thickness of the breakaway layer is logical
Initial optimization parameter is crossed to be configured；
(3) setting loaded
The B column reinforcement plates maximum relative displacement in the impact resistance emulation of B column models is extracted to calculate required equivalent force
Numerical value, load it in the B column reinforcement plate model of structural optimization that is in contact of collision trolley, and according to the number of load(ing) point,
Load is distributed equally in equivalent force；It is carried out rationally ignoring simplification according to the order of magnitude of the power of x, y, z axis, the static state of gained is imitative
True mode can obtain preferable displacement fitting result with Dynamic Simulation Model, carry out static optimization emulation on this basis later
Simulation.
Refer to according to the topological optimization described in technical solution：
A. design variable is defined, variable is created first for topological optimization, defines two responses of quality and reference point displacement,
The two is responded respectively as optimization and constraint responds；Constraint is created, using reference point dynamic respond as constraint, the setting constraint upper limit
Quality minimal definition is optimization aim by value；
B. adjusting and optimizing control parameter, including maximum allowable iterations, target tolerance value and optimization step-length；
C. define control card, need to define OUTPUT (output) card keyword in control card part here be
FSTOSZ (a type keyword), then preserve or output file；
D. it is finally checked, optimization can be proceeded by if no error message, result text is checked after optimization
Part opens optimum results file checking element thickness in HyperView.
Refer to according to dimensionally-optimised described in technical solution：
A. it is the correct transmission for ensureing laying information, the thickness information in single direction is carried out defeated in the form of laying shape
Go out, reset control card first, delete " OMIT " card, a type keyword FSTOSZ, which is changed to another type, to close
Key word SZTOSH；
B. laminate Laminate parameters are edited, set laminate form to Total, every layer of size is defined respectively and becomes
Amount, it is ensured that modification is per the layer thickness upper limit, it is impossible to which the regular of modification is close integer, still using reference point shift value as constraint
Condition, optimization aim are still quality minimum；
C. the value for specifying machinable thickness, carries out inspection optimization, and check overlay thickness and number after optimal design-aside.
Refer to according to the sequential optimization described in technical solution：For composite material, ply stacking-sequence and its laminate
Anisotropic Mechanical Properties and technological feasibility suffer from close contact, the variation of composite plys sequence can influence
The overall performance of its structure.Before calculating optimal stacking order, manufacturing constraints, definition are arranged to ply stacking-sequence variable first
0 degree, 90 degree, 45 degree and -45 degree four direction layings can have up to 2 layers of identical laying and continuously occur；+ 45 degree and -45 degree at
Ensure symmetry to occurring, avoids the generation of inter-laminar stress to greatest extent, optimization constraint and optimization aim are constant, finally carry out
Ply stacking-sequence optimizes；The destination file for checking output, checks the ply stacking-sequence of each iteration step in a browser.
It is in decoupling under minor structure dynamic operation condition verification and calculate according to the B column reinforcement plates optimum results described in technical solution
Refer to：
(1) regular subregion is carried out according to laying result to improve B column reinforcement plates；
(2) model with carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates after optimization is carried out decoupling sub- operating mode side crash platform
The analog simulation of vehicle collision calculates；
(3) correction data for checking B columns and the B columns in former vehicle after optimizing, i.e., by corresponding to human body on its B column reinforcement plate
The intrusion volume of the reference point of chest and comparing to verify the improvement degree of its performance for intrusion speed maximum value, while obtaining it
Light weight effect.
Compared with prior art the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. refering to Fig. 3, automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention is effective
The displacement time curve of the vehicle associated crash reference point extracted is integrated on ground, after being simplified after data processing
Decoupling B pillar structure collision models, compared with existing sub- operating mode decoupling mode, the model can more precisely with vehicle
Collision intrusion speed and intrusion volume curve matching.
2. anti-in vehicle body using automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
Hitting property conceptual phase can accurately and rapidly calculate the minibus of designed carbon fibre reinforced composite B columns
Can, it, should by obtaining optimal B column parameters scheme to the optimization of new material carbon fiber laying angle, thickness and ply stacking-sequence
Method effectively reduces the Computer Simulation time, reduces development cost, substantially reduces the design cycle.
3. automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention by topological optimization,
Dimensionally-optimised and sequential optimization is applied to successively in the light-weight design of carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates.It is carried
The mentality of designing gone out can be applied in the structure-integrated design of material-of composite material for vehicle, realize exclusive to composite material
Design of material, makes full use of the advantage of composite material designability compared with metal material, rapidly and efficiently designs and meets automobile
The lightweight component of performance requirement.
Description of the drawings
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the flow chart element of automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 2 is the decoupling B columns of automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
Sub-structure model；
Fig. 3-1 is obtained by automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
B pillar structures model relative to whole vehicle model invade velocity fitting figure；
Fig. 3-2 is obtained by automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
B pillar structures model relative to whole vehicle model intrusion volume fitted figure；
Fig. 4 is that B columns are reinforced in automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
Plate shape structural parameters illustraton of model；
Fig. 5 is to use to apply in automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
Add the load of B column reinforcement plates and constraint schematic diagram obtained by the method for equivalent static load power；
Fig. 6 is that B columns are reinforced in automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
Element thickness needs the schematic diagram that place is thinned after the topological optimization of plate；
Fig. 7 is that B columns are reinforced in automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention
The block plan of plate optimum results；
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is explained in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method of the present invention is divided into two stages,
B pillar structures are decoupled from vehicle finite element side impact model first, is realizing and is being located at human chest in whole vehicle model
Position collision reference point displacement-time curve fitting it is good in the case of subsequently calculated, greatly reduce computer operation
Time improves computational efficiency；Then on the basis of the sub-structure model of decoupling, according to carbon fibre reinforced composite test parameters
Lightweight B column reinforcement plate structures are modeled, optimization primary data, i.e. initial fiber plate laying and thickness are obtained；It is equivalent using applying
The method of static force carries out the optimization of the laying angle, thickness and ply stacking-sequence of carbon fiber B column reinforcement plates；It is tied further according to optimization
Fruit is improved B column reinforcement plates, and in finally substituted into Dynamic Simulation Model calculate verify its light weight effect and
Collision performance.
The step of automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method, is as follows：
1. decoupling B pillar structures from vehicle finite element model
1) referring to Fig.2, according to original vehicle side impact model, retain the component that is connected with B columns to ensure its deformation
The accuracy of situation, i.e. sill strip, gusset plate, roof bow, car door tubulose collision prevention girders, along with B-pillar structure is as minor structure
Model.
2) using the region being closely located to and the side collision trolley buffering of being connected with B columns that be connected with B columns in component
Honeycomb aluminum front end surface carries out side collision FEM calculation, is post-processed by Ls-prepost soft as collision reference point
The displacement-time curve data of part extraction collision reference point.
3) curve data extracted is converted to Ls-dyna simulation calculation softwares by MATLAB programming softwares can recognize that
Data information, then imported by text editor simplify after only retain B columns and its peripheral parts and side collision trolley before
The calculating k files of the sub- condition model at end, can accurate simulation vehicle side collision situation, and when greatly reducing calculating
Between, improve working efficiency.
2. carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates optimize
Metal B column reinforcement plates are changed to carbon by the present invention first in preceding step in the B pillar structure collision models of gained
Fibre reinforced composites, simulation parameter is as obtained by composite materials property experiment, including tension test and shearing test.
It is calculated by finite element collision simulation and ensures that established carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates are reinforced with virgin metal B columns
Plate performance is identical, and the ply stacking-sequence taken, laying angle are all rule of thumb set, this laying is set as the initial ginseng optimized later
Number.Simplify passenger car B column reinforcement plate geometrical models, using the method for applying equivalent static load power, according to the impact resistance of B column models
B column reinforcement plates maximum relative displacement in emulation calculates the numerical value of required equivalent force, loads it and connects with collision trolley
At tactile B column reinforcement plate model of structural optimization, and according to the number of load(ing) point, load is distributed equally in contact force.It utilizes
Optistruct optimization softwares carry out B column reinforcement plates topology, size and sequential optimization to obtain rational laminated material successively
Distribution, overlay thickness, angle and sequence；Finally static laying optimum results are carried out to be brought into Ls- after subregion understands setting
Whether met the requirements under Dyna simulation calculation software verification dynamic operation conditions.
The carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plate Optimization Steps are as follows：
1) B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode is established
(1) structure simplifies
According to the geometric dimension of existing B column reinforcement plates planform, B column reinforcement plate thickness is set to unified initial thick
Degree, and retains the shape and structure parameter in whole vehicle model in virgin metal B column reinforcement plates, will simplify and reserve bolt in structure and consolidate
Determine pore structure, and carries out its mesh quality inspection；
(2) foundation of carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates
A. the part B column reinforcement plate that will optimize is changed to carbon fibre reinforced composite first, rule of thumb carried out
Laying angle, ply stacking-sequence, overlay thickness setting, make it that can keep former crashworthiness in collision simulation, this laying are believed
Breath is as the initial parameter next optimized.
B. it since B column reinforcement plates are all design section, therefore is formed using No. 8 anisotropic material model creation layings laminated
Harden structure, attribute definition chooses PCOMPP (a kind of material properties form) for design section setting, since Optistruct is excellent
Material can only be thinned without having the function of thickening by changing software, therefore need to establish thicker super of so-called original depth
Layer.The thickness of the breakaway layer is configured by initial optimization parameter.
(3) setting loaded
The B column reinforcement plates maximum relative displacement in the impact resistance emulation of B column models is extracted to calculate required equivalent force
Numerical value, load it in the B column reinforcement plate model of structural optimization that is in contact of collision trolley, and according to the number of load(ing) point,
Load is distributed equally in equivalent force；It is carried out rationally ignoring simplification according to the order of magnitude of the power of x, y, z axis, the static state of gained is imitative
True mode can obtain preferable displacement fitting result with Dynamic Simulation Model, carry out static optimization emulation on this basis later
Simulation；
2) carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode laying optimizes
(1) topological optimization
A. design variable is defined, variable is created first for topological optimization, defines two responses of quality and reference point displacement,
The two is responded respectively as optimization and constraint responds；Constraint is created, using reference point dynamic respond as constraint, the setting constraint upper limit
Quality minimal definition is optimization aim by value；
B. adjusting and optimizing control parameter, including maximum allowable iterations, target tolerance value and optimization step-length；
C. define control card, need to define OUTPUT (output) card keyword in control card part here be
FSTOSZ (a type keyword), then preserve or output file；
D. it is finally checked, optimization can be proceeded by if no error message, result text is checked after optimization
Part opens optimum results file checking element thickness in HyperView；
(2) dimensionally-optimised
A. it is the correct transmission for ensureing laying information, the thickness information in single direction is carried out defeated in the form of laying shape
Go out, reset control card first, deletes " OMIT " card, FSTOSZ (a type keyword) is changed to SZTOSH (one
Type keyword)；
B. Laminate (laminate) parameter is edited, laminate form is set to Total (in total), defines every layer respectively
Size variable, it is ensured that modification is per the layer thickness upper limit, it is impossible to which the regular of modification is close integer, still makees reference point shift value
For constraints, optimization aim is still quality minimum；
C. the value for specifying machinable thickness, carries out inspection optimization, and check overlay thickness and number after optimal design-aside；
(3) sequential optimization
For composite material, the Anisotropic Mechanical Properties and technological feasibility of ply stacking-sequence and its laminate are all
There are close contact, the variation of composite plys sequence that can influence the overall performance of its structure.Calculating optimal stacking
Before order, manufacturing constraints are arranged to ply stacking-sequence variable first, define 0 degree, 90 degree, 45 degree and -45 degree four direction layings
2 layers of identical laying are can have up to continuously to occur；+ 45 degree and -45 degree occur, to ensure symmetry, avoiding layer to greatest extent in pairs
Between stress generation, optimization constraint and optimization aim it is constant, finally carry out ply stacking-sequence optimization；Check the destination file of output,
The ply stacking-sequence of each iteration step is checked in a browser；
3) B column reinforcement plates optimum results in decouple under minor structure dynamic operation condition verify calculate
(1) regular subregion is carried out according to laying result to improve B column reinforcement plates；
(2) model with carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates after optimization is carried out decoupling sub- operating mode side crash platform
The analog simulation of vehicle collision calculates；
(3) correction data for checking B columns and the B columns in former vehicle after optimizing, i.e., by corresponding to human body on its B column reinforcement plate
The intrusion volume of the reference point of chest and comparing to verify the improvement degree of its performance for intrusion speed maximum value, while obtaining it
Light weight effect.
Embodiment：
Refering to fig. 1, the present invention is next compound using the automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate fibre reinforced in conjunction with example introduction
Optimization of material design method；
1. decoupling B pillar structures from vehicle finite element model
1) referring to Fig.2, according to original vehicle side impact model, retain the component that is connected with B columns to ensure its deformation
The accuracy of situation, i.e. sill strip, gusset plate, roof bow, car door tubulose collision prevention girders, along with B-pillar structure is as minor structure
Model.
2) using the region being closely located to and the side collision trolley buffering of being connected with B columns that be connected with B columns in component
Honeycomb aluminum front end surface carries out side collision FEM calculation, is post-processed by Ls-prepost soft as collision reference point
The displacement-time curve data of part extraction collision reference point.
3) curve data extracted is converted to Ls-dyna simulation calculation softwares by MATLAB programming softwares can recognize that
Data information, then imported by text editor simplify after only retain B columns and its peripheral parts and side collision trolley before
The calculating k files of the sub- condition model at end, can accurate simulation vehicle side collision situation, and when greatly reducing calculating
Between, improve working efficiency.
2. carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates optimize
1) B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode is established
(1) structure simplifies
Refering to Fig. 4, according to original vehicle finite element model, only retain its original metal B column reinforcement plates shape structure,
It is located at the position of bolt hole in the B column reinforcement plate finite element models at middle part including it.B column reinforcement plates are set as unified initial excellent
Change thickness, is 2.5mm.Carry out the two-dimensional grid quality examination of its geometric jacquard patterning unit surface, it is desirable that there is angularity to be more than 5, aspect ratio and be more than
5, element length is less than 7.5, Jacobi and is less than 0.7.
(2) foundation of carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates
A. laminated hardened using 54-55 anisotropic material model creations first in Ls-dyna simulation calculation softwares
Structure.Material parameter is as shown in table 1.To take angle be respectively 0 degree, 45 degree, -45 degree and 90 degree carry out layings, thickness in monolayer is
0.25mm, overall thickness 2.5mm.Rule of thumb ply stacking-sequence is set as [0/45/-45/90/45/45/90/-45/45/0].Into
It can meet virgin metal B column reinforcement plate performances after the sub- operating mode side collision simulation calculation of row, that is, ensure that it is located at human chest ginseng
The intrusion speed and intrusion volume of examination point do not increase, and weight is reduced to 0.2881kg by 1.034kg, reduce 72.14%.
Table 1
| RHO | EA | EB | μ21 | GAB | GBC |
| 1.75e-9 | 145200 | 8100 | 0.002 | 4400 | 1530 |
| GCA | Xt | Xc | Yt | Yc | S |
| 1530 | 2455 | 2455 | 35 | 35 | 61 |
B. in Optistruct optimization softwares, B column reinforcement plates are formed using No. 8 anisotropic material model creation layings
Laminated plate structure, material parameter are shown in Table 1.Since laying can only be thinned in the software, without having the function of thickening, therefore need
The thicker breakaway layer of design thickness.Meet the carbon fibre reinforced composite laying information of collision performance according to gained in preceding step
As initial optimization parameter.Attribute definition is set as PCOMPP (a kind of material properties form) for design section, sets 4 pavings
Layer direction, i.e., 0 degree, 45 degree, -45 degree and 90 degree, each layer thickness is respectively 0.5mm, 1mm, 0.5mm, 0.5mm, and overall thickness is
2.5mm。
(3) setting loaded
Refering to Fig. 5, using the method for applying equivalent static load power, the B columns in being emulated according to the impact resistance of B column models are reinforced
Plate maximum relative displacement calculates the numerical value of required equivalent force, loads it in the B column reinforcement plate structures being in contact with collision trolley
At Optimized model, and according to the number of load(ing) point, load is distributed equally in contact force.Due to two axis direction of X, Z and Y-axis
Peak value of contact forces is compared, and the order of magnitude differs greatly, therefore two axis contact force of X, Z is negligible, only extract the peak force of Y-axis into
Row equivalent analysis.The concentrated force that 8 parts of 1N are arranged equably loads the portion being in contact with collision trolley on B-pillar structure Optimized model
Position, as even distributed force carry out simulation calculation, based on defined good B column reinforcement plates structure carry out analysis calculate can be achieved with
Identical relative displacement in collision model is 37.317mm.
2) carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode laying optimizes
(1) topological optimization
A. design variable Topo (name variable of definition) is defined first, chooses the laying of design space.Quality is defined to ring
M and dynamic respond D are answered, response is responded and constrained respectively as optimization aim.Constraint is created, using dynamic respond D as constraint, if
It is 37.35mm to set upper limit value, by mass-basis response M minimums target as an optimization.
B. adjusting and optimizing control parameter, maximum allowable iterations are 80, target tolerance value using minimum value 0.005 and
Optimize step-length and uses 0.5.
C. define control card, need to define OUTPUT (output) card keyword in control card part here be
FSTOSZ (a type keyword), then preserve or output file.
D. it is finally checked, is optimized if no error message.Destination file is checked after optimization,
Optimum results file checking element thickness is opened in HyperView, B column reinforcement plate thickness needs main lightening holes such as Fig. 6 institutes
Show.
(2) dimensionally-optimised
A., card is set first, FSTOSZ (a type keyword) is changed to SZTOSH (a type keyword), is deleted
Except OMIT (a type keyword), to ensure the correct transmission of laying information, i.e., the thickness information in single direction is with laying shape
The form of shape is exported.
B. Laminate (laminate) parameter is edited, sets laminate form to Total (in total).Define size design
Every layer thickness upper limit, is revised as two times i.e. 0.5mm of thickness in monolayer by variable Size, and each layer is required to update, it is impossible to repair
It is similar integer to change regular consolidation.Optimization aim is still quality minimum.
C. it is 0.25mm that thickness can be processed by, which specifying, is optimized if no error message after being checked.Optimization terminates
After check destination file, check overlay thickness and number, share 16 laying projects, thickness in monolayer 0.25mm.
(3) sequential optimization
Before being optimized to optimal stacking order, manufacturing constraints are set first, define 0 degree, 90 degree, 45 degree and-
45 degree of four direction layings can have up to 2 layers of continuous appearance ,+45 degree and the appearance in pairs of -45 degree.Optimization constraint and optimization aim
It is still the displacement during previous step is dimensionally-optimised and quality minimum target.The destination file for checking output is checked each in a browser
The ply stacking-sequence of a iteration step.
3) B column reinforcement plates optimum results in decouple under minor structure dynamic operation condition verify calculate
(1) engineering deciphering is carried out for B column reinforcement plates according to laying optimum results, integration is divided into four regions, such as Fig. 7 institutes
Show.1 area's thickness is 2.5mm, spreads 10 layers, ply stacking-sequence is [45/-45/0/0/45/-45/0/0/90/90]；2 area's thickness are
0.5mm spreads 2 layers, and ply stacking-sequence is [45/-45]；3 area's thickness are 1mm, spread 4 layers, ply stacking-sequence is [45/-45/90/90]；4
Area's thickness is 1mm；4 layers of paving, ply stacking-sequence are [0/0/45/-45].
(2) model with carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates after optimization is carried out decoupling sub- operating mode side crash platform
The analog simulation of vehicle collision calculates；
(3) simulation result data are checked, its performance makes moderate progress compared to original structure, i.e., corresponding on B column reinforcement plates
It decreases in the opposite intrusion volume of the reference point of human chest, as shown in table 2.Virgin metal B column reinforcement plate quality is 1.034 thousand
Gram, carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plate quality is 0.2881 kilogram before optimizing, can be by its quality after laying optimizes
It will be 0.2174 kilogram, and optimize front and back loss of weight ratio up to 24.54%, loss of weight ratio finally can be achieved compared with virgin metal material
Up to 78.97%, weight loss effect is apparent.
Table 2
In conclusion B pillar structures decoupling proposed by the present invention and the optimization of carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates
Analysis method is simplified come structure by minor structure decoupling and carries out finite element analysis computation, big in the case where fitting degree is excellent
Big save calculates the time, improves computational efficiency；Then the laying for carrying out B column reinforcement plate static state operating modes on this basis is excellent
Change, including topological optimization, dimensionally-optimised and sequential optimization three parts；Carbon fibre reinforced composite B columns will be finally improved to reinforce
Plate carries out verification emulation under dynamic operation condition.The present invention takes full advantage of material of the composite material compared with metal material and can design
Performance, light weight effect is apparent on the basis of ensureing B column crashworthiness.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method, which is characterized in that the automobile B
The step of column reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method, is as follows：
1) B pillar structures are decoupled from vehicle finite element model；
2) carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates optimize：
(1) B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode is established；
(2) carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates static state operating mode laying optimizes:
A. topological optimization；
B. dimensionally-optimised；
C. sequential optimization；
(3) B column reinforcement plates optimum results in decouple under minor structure dynamic operation condition verify calculate.
2. automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method described in accordance with the claim 1, feature exist
In decoupling B pillar structures in the finite element model from vehicle refers to：
1) according to original vehicle side impact model, retain the component that is connected with B columns to ensure the accuracy of its deformation,
That is sill strip, gusset plate, roof bow, car door tubulose collision prevention girders, along with B-pillar structure is as sub-structure model；
2) using the region being closely located to and the side collision trolley buffering honeycomb of being connected with B columns that be connected with B columns in component
Aluminium front end surface carries out side collision FEM calculation, is carried by Ls-prepost the poster processing softs as collision reference point
Take the displacement-time curve data of collision reference point；
3) curve data extracted is converted to the identifiable number of Ls-dyna simulation calculation softwares by MATLAB programming softwares
It is believed that breath, then imported by text editor simplify after only retain B columns and its peripheral parts and side collision trolley front end
The calculating k files of sub- condition model, just accurate simulation vehicle side collision situation.
3. automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method described in accordance with the claim 1, feature exist
In B column reinforcement plate static state operating modes foundation refers to：
(1) structure simplifies
According to the geometric dimension of existing B column reinforcement plates planform, B column reinforcement plate thickness is set to unified original depth, and
And retain the shape and structure parameter in whole vehicle model in virgin metal B column reinforcement plates, reserve bolt fixing hole by simplifying in structure
Structure, and carry out its mesh quality inspection；
(2) foundation of carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates
A. the part B column reinforcement plate that will optimize is changed to carbon fibre reinforced composite, rule of thumb carry out laying angle,
Ply stacking-sequence, overlay thickness setting, make it that can keep former crashworthiness in collision simulation, using this laying information as connecing down
Come the initial parameter optimized；
B. since B column reinforcement plates are all design section, therefore No. 8 anisotropic material model creation layings is used to form laminate knot
Structure, attribute definition chooses PCOMPP for design section setting, since Opt istruct optimization softwares can only subtract material
Thin therefore to establish the thicker breakaway layer of so-called original depth without having the function of thickening, the thickness of the breakaway layer passes through just
Beginning Optimal Parameters are configured；
(3) setting loaded
B column reinforcement plates maximum relative displacement in the impact resistance emulation of extraction B column models calculates the numerical value of required equivalent force,
It loads it in the B column reinforcement plate model of structural optimization being in contact with collision trolley, and according to the number of load(ing) point, it will be equivalent
Load is distributed equally in power；Rationally ignore simplification, the STATIC SIMULATION model of gained according to the progress of the order of magnitude of the power of x, y, z axis
Preferable displacement fitting result can be obtained with Dynamic Simulation Model, carry out static optimization analogue simulation on this basis later.
4. automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method described in accordance with the claim 1, feature exist
In the topological optimization refers to：
A. design variable is defined, variable is created first for topological optimization, defines two responses of quality and reference point displacement, the two
Respectively as optimization response and constraint response；Constraint is created, using reference point dynamic respond as constraint, setting constrains upper limit value,
It is optimization aim by quality minimal definition；
B. adjusting and optimizing control parameter, including maximum allowable iterations, target tolerance value and optimization step-length；
C. control card is defined, needs to define OUTPUT (output) card keyword in control card part here to be FSTOSZ
(a type keyword), then preserve or output file；
D. it is finally checked, optimization can be proceeded by if no error message, destination file is checked after optimization,
Optimum results file checking element thickness is opened in HyperView.
5. automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method described in accordance with the claim 1, feature exist
In described dimensionally-optimised to refer to：
A. it is the correct transmission for ensureing laying information, the thickness information in single direction is exported in the form of laying shape, first
Control card is first reset, " OMIT " card is deleted, a type keyword FSTOSZ is changed to another type keyword
SZTOSH；
B. laminate Laminate parameters are edited, laminate form is set to Total, defines every layer of size variable respectively, really
Guarantee changes every layer thickness upper limit, it is impossible to and the regular of modification is close integer, still using reference point shift value as constraints,
Optimization aim is still quality minimum；
C. the value for specifying machinable thickness, carries out inspection optimization, and check overlay thickness and number after optimal design-aside.
6. automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method described in accordance with the claim 1, feature exist
In the sequential optimization refers to：
For composite material, the Anisotropic Mechanical Properties and technological feasibility of ply stacking-sequence and its laminate suffer from
Closely contact, the variation of composite plys sequence can influence the overall performance of its structure.Calculating optimal stacking order
Before, manufacturing constraints are arranged to ply stacking-sequence variable first, define 0 degree, 90 degree, 45 degree and -45 degree four direction layings is most
There can be 2 layers of identical laying continuously to occur；+ 45 degree and -45 degree occur, to ensure symmetry, avoiding interlayer from answering to greatest extent in pairs
The generation of power, optimization constraint and optimization aim are constant, finally carry out ply stacking-sequence optimization；The destination file for checking output, clear
It lookes in device and checks the ply stacking-sequence of each iteration step.
7. automobile B-pillar reinforcement plate carbon fibre reinforced composite optimum design method described in accordance with the claim 1, feature exist
Refer in decoupling verification under minor structure dynamic operation condition and calculate in, B column reinforcement plates optimum results：
(1) regular subregion is carried out according to laying result to improve B column reinforcement plates；
(2) model with carbon fibre reinforced composite B column reinforcement plates after optimization is carried out decoupling sub- operating mode side crash trolley and is touched
The analog simulation hit calculates；
(3) correction data for checking B columns and the B columns in former vehicle after optimizing, i.e., by corresponding to human chest on its B column reinforcement plate
The comparison of intrusion volume and intrusion speed maximum value of reference point verify the improvement degree of its performance, while obtaining its light weight
Change effect.
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