CN108562638A - Defect estimation method based on alternating current field measurement technology - Google Patents
Defect estimation method based on alternating current field measurement technology Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108562638A CN108562638A CN201810033298.4A CN201810033298A CN108562638A CN 108562638 A CN108562638 A CN 108562638A CN 201810033298 A CN201810033298 A CN 201810033298A CN 108562638 A CN108562638 A CN 108562638A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- defect
- derivative
- signal
- characteristic signal
- input
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of defect estimation methods based on alternating current field measurement technology, are related to nondestructive testing signal process field, including：The defect characteristic signal of input is received, wherein the defect characteristic signal includes noise signal caused by Bz signals caused by defect and extraneous factor；First derivative is asked to the defect characteristic signal, and judges whether the first derivative is more than zero simultaneously；If so, the first derivative is multiplied by the number N0 more than 1, and it is input to low-pass filter；If not, the first derivative is multiplied by the positive number M0 less than 1, and it is input to low-pass filter；Judge whether the defect estimation signal of the low-pass filter output is more than or equal to pre-set threshold value P0；If so, judging defective presence；If not, judging that defect is not present.The present invention obtains the defect estimation signal of single obvious peak value, further realizes the real time discriminating of the intuitive of defect estimation by handling defect characteristic signal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to nondestructive testing signal process field more particularly to a kind of lacking based on alternating current field measurement technology
Fall into method of discrimination.
Background technology
Alternating current field measurement technology is that one kind being based on electromagnetic induction principle, is suitable for the emerging lossless of conductive material detection
Detection technique, the uniform current induced in conductive surface of test piece using detection probe carry out the detect and assess of defect.When
When zero defect, the conductive uniform undisturbed of surface of test piece electric current；In the presence of defective, conductive surface of test piece electric current will be along defect side
Edge deflects, and then the secondary induced field above defect is caused to disturb.
In the prior art, when being judged the presence or absence of defect using alternating current field measurement technology, be all using Bx and
The butterfly diagram of Bz signals or its composition is judged, wherein Bx and Bz signals are respectively to be parallel to surface of test piece and perpendicular to examination
The magnetic field signal on part surface, the presence or absence of this feature signal reaction defect.Meanwhile the principle based on alternating current field measurement technology and
Feature, when not having defect, Bz signal stabilizations are a constant in a certain numerical value；When defective, Bz signals occur continuous positive and negative
Peak value.But when carrying out defects detection, by extraneous factor (probe lift-off disturbance, detection speed, detected material rough surface
Degree etc.) and probe workmanship in terms of influence, easy to produce the noise disturbance signal mutually obscured with Bz signals, make Bz characteristic signals
Do not allow easy to identify, causes the erroneous judgement to defect, as shown in Figure 1.Although noise disturbance signal is easy to and defect characteristic signal phase
Obscure, but be usually located near a certain stability number, fluctuation is smaller and gentle.Moreover, when by butterfly diagram defect estimation, need
Can just differentiate after the completion of detection, cannot accomplish real time discriminating, Realtime Alerts, and defect characteristic signal intuitive display compared with
Difference.
Therefore, it is necessary to propose that a kind of intuitive is good, the defect estimation method of real time discriminating alarm.
Invention content
In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a kind of defect estimation method based on alternating current field measurement technology, with
Improve the real time discriminating of the intuitive of defect estimation and realization defects detection in alternating current field measurement technology.
The present invention provides a kind of defect estimation method based on alternating current field measurement technology, it is applied to be based on alternating current
The defect characteristic signal of magnetic field detection technology, including：
The defect characteristic signal of input is received, wherein the defect characteristic signal includes Bz signals and the external world caused by defect
Noise signal caused by factor；
First derivative is asked to the defect characteristic signal, and judges whether the first derivative is more than zero simultaneously；If so,
The first derivative is multiplied by the number N0 more than 1, and is input to low-pass filter；If not, the first derivative is multiplied by small
In 1 positive number M0, and it is input to low-pass filter；
Judge whether the defect estimation signal of the low-pass filter output is more than or equal to pre-set threshold value P0；If so, sentencing
Disconnected defective presence；If not, judging that defect is not present.
Defect estimation method provided by the invention based on alternating current field measurement technology, it is special in the defect for receiving input
After reference number, noise disturbance signal caused by Bz signals caused by the defect of the defect characteristic signal and extraneous factor is obtained；It is logical
Signal and mathematics processing software are crossed, first derivative is asked to defect characteristic signal, and judge whether the first derivative is more than simultaneously
Zero, the characteristics of due to Bz signals, Bz signals include continuous negative peak and positive peak, thus the first derivative of Bz signals include compared with
Positive value and negative value two parts, and on the occasion of larger, significantly unique positive peak will occur in the first derivative of the Bz signals, be terrible
To obvious defect estimation signal, then N0 times is expanded to the first derivative more than zero, i.e. the first derivative more than zero is multiplied by greatly
In 1 number N0；M0 times then is reduced to minus first derivative, that is, is multiplied by the positive number M0 less than 1, and above-mentioned processed number
According to being input to low-pass filter data processing channel.It is further intuitive, differentiates the presence or absence of defect in real time, by by low pass filtered
Whether the defect estimation signal of wave device output is judged more than or equal to pre-set threshold value P0, if it is greater than P0, is then judged defective
In the presence of；If it is less than P0, judge that defect is not present, realizes the purpose of real time discriminating and alarm.Method provided by the invention uses
To the method that defect characteristic signal seeks first derivative, defect characteristic signal is converted to the signal for only existing positive value and negative value, into
And positive value is amplified, negative value is reduced, and the disposal of gentle filter is carried out to it, it is only just to make defect estimation signal
The single numerical value of value, while the method for introducing defect estimation threshold values P0, are compared defect estimation signal and threshold values P0, intuitively
In real time realize defect whether there is or not differentiation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Bz signal waveforms based on alternating current field measurement technology；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the defect estimation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on alternating current field measurement technology
One；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the defect estimation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on alternating current field measurement technology
Two；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the defect estimation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on alternating current field measurement technology
Three；
Fig. 5 is the defect estimation signal of defect characteristic signal provided in an embodiment of the present invention after processing；
Fig. 6 is untreated defect characteristic signal provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment to this
Invention is described in further detail, it is clear that described embodiment is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than all real
Apply example.Based on the embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art obtain without creative efforts other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In embodiments of the present invention, the method is applied to the defect characteristic signal based on alternating current field measurement technology,
The alternating current field measurement technology can be generated when being detected to defect Bx signals for differentiating defect, By signals and
Bz signals, method provided in this embodiment are applied in Bz signals.According to alternating current field measurement principle, Bz signal shapes include
Continuous trough and wave crest two parts include positive peak and negative peak, therefore, peak will occur in the first derivative of Bz signal curves
Value.
Since Bz signal shapes include continuous trough and wave crest two parts, when carrying out defect estimation by Bz signals
Outside noise can upset the differentiation to defect when needing to consider value of both trough and wave crest, and detecting, therefore by Bz
The trough and wave crest of signal carry out defect estimation and be easy to cause erroneous judgement, and differentiate not intuitive, need after the completion of detecting or into one
Step draws the differentiation that butterfly diagram carries out defect.
Embodiment one
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the defect estimation method provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on alternating current field measurement technology,
As shown, including：
S101 receives the defect characteristic signal of input, wherein the defect characteristic signal includes Bz signals caused by defect
With noise disturbance signal caused by extraneous factor.
Specifically, signal and mathematics processing software receive the defect characteristic signal of input, wherein the defect for receiving input is special
Reference number is the single channel defect characteristic signal of detection probe input, which includes Bz signals and noise disturbance
Signal, and then Bz signals and noise disturbance signal that pretreatment obtains the defect characteristic signal are carried out to it, as shown in figure 3, packet
It includes：S1011 receives the single channel defect characteristic signal of detection probe input；S1012 obtains the Bz of the defect characteristic signal
Signal and noise disturbance signal.It is further used for the preliminary identification of defect to the Bz signals of acquisition, occurs that significantly there is wave
The Bz signals of peak and trough then represent existing defects, and the noise disturbance signal of acquisition is by external environment or probe shake, movement
Speed is uneven to be caused, but typically small, is located near a certain numerical value, and its first derivative is smaller.
S102 seeks first derivative to the defect characteristic signal, and judges whether the first derivative is more than zero simultaneously；
S103 if so, the first derivative is multiplied by the number N0 more than 1, and is input to low-pass filter S105；S104, if not,
The first derivative is multiplied by the positive number M0 less than 1, and is input to low-pass filter S105.
Specifically, after signal or Mathematical treatment software receive the defect characteristic signal that detection probe inputs, call pre-
The first derivative processing routine first woven carries out real-time first derivation to it, asks after first derivative only comprising positive value and negative
Value, is further compared the first derivative with zero, judges whether the first derivative is more than zero, and is input to low-pass filtering
Device.If more than zero, then the first derivative is multiplied by the number N0 more than 1, which is expanded to certain multiple, and input
To low-pass filter；If being less than zero, the first derivative is multiplied by the positive number M0 less than 1, which is reduced centainly
Multiple, and it is input to low-pass filter.The purpose for being passed through low-pass filter is the noise signal that filtering includes, and makes the signal of display
Smoothly.
Preferably, first derivative is asked to the defect characteristic signal, and judges whether the first derivative is more than zero simultaneously,
It is characterized in that, to the defect characteristic signal ask first derivative include by labview software controls ask first derivative and
First derivative is sought in matlab software programmings.
Wherein, the amplification to above-mentioned first derivative and diminution are not limited solely to above-mentioned multiple, are greater than the one of zero
Order derivative is 150 times of amplification, and minus first derivative reduces 50 times.
S106, judges whether the defect estimation signal of the low-pass filter output is more than or equal to pre-set threshold value P0；S107,
If so, judging defective presence；S108, if not, judging that defect is not present.
Specifically, the signal of low-pass filter output include obvious positive value and close to zero value, in order to intuitive, conveniently
Judgement and the presence or absence of display defect, decision threshold P0 is introduced, to the defect estimation signal and threshold values P0 of low-pass filter output
It is compared.The defective presence of expression more than threshold values P0, the expression defect less than threshold values P0 are not present.
Be determined as signal or the Mathematical treatment software of wherein threshold values P0 receives the sample at least once of detection probe input and lacks
Characteristic signal is fallen into, which is the signal by detecting material same as detected material, by inputting at least once
Sample defect characteristic signal is determined by the discrimination precision of differentiation defect, to obtain pre-set threshold value P0, as shown in figure 4, including：
A0 receives the defect characteristic signal of sample at least once of detection probe input；A1, according to the sample defect characteristic at least once
Pre-set threshold value P0 described in signal acquisition.
Defect estimation method provided by the invention based on alternating current field measurement technology, it is special in the defect for receiving input
After reference number, noise disturbance signal caused by Bz signals caused by the defect of the defect characteristic signal and extraneous factor is obtained；It is logical
Signal and mathematics processing software are crossed, first derivative is asked to defect characteristic signal, and judge whether the first derivative is more than simultaneously
Zero, the characteristics of due to Bz signals, Bz signals include continuous negative peak and positive peak, thus the first derivative of Bz signals include compared with
Positive value and negative value two parts, and on the occasion of larger, significantly unique positive peak will occur in the first derivative of the Bz signals, be terrible
To obvious defect estimation signal, then N0 times is expanded to the first derivative more than zero, i.e. the first derivative more than zero is multiplied by greatly
In 1 number N0；M0 times then is reduced to minus first derivative, that is, is multiplied by the positive number M0 less than 1, and above-mentioned processed number
According to being input to low-pass filter data processing channel.It is further intuitive, differentiates the presence or absence of defect in real time, by by low pass filtered
Whether the defect estimation signal of wave device output is judged more than or equal to pre-set threshold value P0, if it is greater than P0, is then judged defective
In the presence of；If it is less than P0, judge that defect is not present, realizes the purpose of real time discriminating and alarm.Method provided by the invention uses
To the method that defect characteristic signal seeks first derivative, defect characteristic signal is converted to the signal for only existing positive value and negative value, into
And positive value is amplified, negative value is reduced, and the disposal of gentle filter is carried out to it, it is only just to make defect estimation signal
The single numerical value of value, while the method for introducing defect estimation threshold values P0, are compared defect estimation signal and threshold values P0, intuitively
In real time realize defect whether there is or not differentiation.
Embodiment two
Based on the defect estimation method based on ac magnetic field that embodiment one provides, this gives N0 and M0 to be
The implementation of concrete numerical value, to verify the validity of this method.
N0=100, the M0=0.1, the low-pass filter is six rank Butterworth low-pass filters, excellent through this
Select the defect characteristic signal after parameter processing as described in Figure 5, untreated defect characteristic signal is as shown in Figure 6.
Wherein, the amplification to the first derivative after comparison and diminution are not limited solely to above-mentioned multiple, are greater than zero
First derivative be amplification 150 times, i.e. N0=100；Minus first derivative reduces 50 times, i.e. M0=0.02.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
Those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, and should all contain
Lid is within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. the defect estimation method based on alternating current field measurement technology is applied to the defect based on alternating current field measurement technology
Characteristic signal, which is characterized in that including：
The defect characteristic signal of input is received, wherein the defect characteristic signal includes Bz signals and extraneous factor caused by defect
Caused noise disturbance signal；
First derivative is asked to the defect characteristic signal, and judges whether the first derivative is more than zero simultaneously；If so, by institute
It states first derivative and is multiplied by number N0 more than 1, and be input to low-pass filter；If not, being multiplied by the first derivative less than 1
Positive number M0, and it is input to low-pass filter；
Judge whether the defect estimation signal of the low-pass filter output is more than or equal to pre-set threshold value P0；If so, judging have
Defect exists；If not, judging that defect is not present.
2. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that before the defect characteristic signal for receiving input, including：
Receive the defect characteristic signal of sample at least once of detection probe input；
According to pre-set threshold value P0 described in the defect characteristic signal acquisition of sample at least once.
3. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the defect characteristic signal for receiving input, including：
Receive the single channel defect characteristic signal of detection probe input；
Obtain the Bz signals and noise disturbance signal of the defect characteristic signal.
4. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the N0=100, the M0=0.1.
5. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that seek first derivative to the defect characteristic signal, and sentence simultaneously
Break the first derivative whether be more than zero, including：
It includes asking first derivative and matlab softwares by labview software controls to seek first derivative to the defect characteristic signal
First derivative is sought in programming.
6. method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the low-pass filter is six rank Butterworth low pass filtereds
Wave device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810033298.4A CN108562638B (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2018-01-15 | Defect distinguishing method based on alternating current electromagnetic field detection technology |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810033298.4A CN108562638B (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2018-01-15 | Defect distinguishing method based on alternating current electromagnetic field detection technology |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108562638A true CN108562638A (en) | 2018-09-21 |
| CN108562638B CN108562638B (en) | 2022-11-25 |
Family
ID=63529823
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810033298.4A Active CN108562638B (en) | 2018-01-15 | 2018-01-15 | Defect distinguishing method based on alternating current electromagnetic field detection technology |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108562638B (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109870500A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-11 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of defect method for real time discriminating and system based on alternating current field measurement |
| CN111272060A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for quantifying size of opening defect in width direction of non-conductive material based on single-pair electrode capacitance imaging detection technology |
| CN113866259A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2021-12-31 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Electromagnetic detection method and system for stainless steel pipeline weld defects |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060247868A1 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-02 | Randel Brandstrom | Apparatus and method for detection of defects using flux leakage techniques |
| CN101701934A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-05-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | ACFM intelligent visual defect detection system |
| CN201548520U (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-08-11 | 厦门艾帝尔电子科技有限公司 | Metal magnetic memory diagnostic apparatus |
| GB201109371D0 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2011-07-20 | Silverwing Uk Ltd | Magnetic flux leakage inspection method and apparatus |
| CN106248782A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2016-12-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of deep-sea intelligent storage alternating current field measurement system and method for determining defects |
-
2018
- 2018-01-15 CN CN201810033298.4A patent/CN108562638B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20060247868A1 (en) * | 2005-04-28 | 2006-11-02 | Randel Brandstrom | Apparatus and method for detection of defects using flux leakage techniques |
| CN201548520U (en) * | 2009-11-06 | 2010-08-11 | 厦门艾帝尔电子科技有限公司 | Metal magnetic memory diagnostic apparatus |
| CN101701934A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2010-05-05 | 中国石油大学(华东) | ACFM intelligent visual defect detection system |
| GB201109371D0 (en) * | 2011-06-06 | 2011-07-20 | Silverwing Uk Ltd | Magnetic flux leakage inspection method and apparatus |
| CN106248782A (en) * | 2016-09-18 | 2016-12-21 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of deep-sea intelligent storage alternating current field measurement system and method for determining defects |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| MASATOSHI KURODA ET AL.: "Evaluation of residual stresses and plastic deformations for iron-based materials by leakage magnetic flux sensors", 《JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS》 * |
| 朱丹: "《单片机系统设计基础及应用》", 31 May 2017, 北京理工大学出版社 * |
| 李伟等: "基于GA-BP神经网络的ACFM实时高精度裂纹反演算法", 《中国石油大学学报(自然科学版)》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111272060A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2020-06-12 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for quantifying size of opening defect in width direction of non-conductive material based on single-pair electrode capacitance imaging detection technology |
| CN111272060B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2021-08-31 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for quantifying size of opening defect in width direction of non-conductive material based on single-pair electrode capacitance imaging detection technology |
| CN109870500A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-11 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of defect method for real time discriminating and system based on alternating current field measurement |
| CN113866259A (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2021-12-31 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Electromagnetic detection method and system for stainless steel pipeline weld defects |
| CN113866259B (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-22 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Electromagnetic detection method and system for stainless steel pipeline weld defects |
| WO2023098290A1 (en) * | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-08 | 中国核电工程有限公司 | Electromagnetic detection method and electromagnetic detection system for welding seam defect of stainless steel pipeline |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108562638B (en) | 2022-11-25 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108562638A (en) | Defect estimation method based on alternating current field measurement technology | |
| US20160178580A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for quantifying pipeline defect based on magnetic flux leakage testing | |
| CN109239360B (en) | Reaction curve abnormity detection method and device | |
| CN103196989A (en) | ACFM different-angle crack detection system based on rotating magnetic field | |
| CN113866259B (en) | Electromagnetic detection method and system for stainless steel pipeline weld defects | |
| CN102759567A (en) | Eddy current testing recognition and evaluation method for defects of inner wall and outer wall of steel pipe under direct current magnetization | |
| CA1258099A (en) | Egg with delta wave recognition by double | |
| US11656200B2 (en) | Electromagnetic non-destructive quality testing method, and testing circuit and system therefor | |
| US4024522A (en) | Acoustic emission system for welding flaw detection | |
| JP4180578B2 (en) | Apparatus and method for flaw detection by AC electromagnetic field measurement method | |
| CN112858470B (en) | Eddy current detection device and system | |
| JP2007057400A (en) | Eddy current test method and device of metal band | |
| CN109870500B (en) | Method and system for real-time defect discrimination based on alternating current magnetic field detection | |
| CN115372458A (en) | Device and method for dynamically detecting cracks | |
| CN209765069U (en) | Product metal foreign matter detection system based on motion trail | |
| CN203148891U (en) | Board damage detection device based on planar electromagnetic sensor | |
| CN101126739B (en) | Welding tube soldering seam quality detection and defected welding tube automatic elimination control system | |
| JP3083896B2 (en) | Defect discrimination method and apparatus | |
| JPH01248050A (en) | Leakage flux flaw detector | |
| KR101518849B1 (en) | Inspection system of connection condition for cable connector and inspection method using the same | |
| CN118067831B (en) | ACFM lift-off effect inhibition method for ferromagnetic material detection | |
| CN109541698B (en) | Product metal foreign matter detection system and method based on motion trail | |
| CN107632064B (en) | Method for suppressing eddy current detection interference signal | |
| CN103792282A (en) | Electric bridge type eddy current detection system | |
| JPH03191859A (en) | Crack detecting apparatus |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |