CN108561213B - Air preheating type engine silencer and method thereof - Google Patents
Air preheating type engine silencer and method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108561213B CN108561213B CN201810023507.7A CN201810023507A CN108561213B CN 108561213 B CN108561213 B CN 108561213B CN 201810023507 A CN201810023507 A CN 201810023507A CN 108561213 B CN108561213 B CN 108561213B
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- air
- expansion chamber
- preheating
- pipe
- heat exchange
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/089—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using two or more expansion chambers in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
- F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
- F01N1/10—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling in combination with sound-absorbing materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/08—Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/04—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/06—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air
- F02M31/08—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating combustion-air or fuel-air mixture by hot gases, e.g. by mixing cold and hot air the gases being exhaust gases
- F02M31/087—Heat-exchange arrangements between the air intake and exhaust gas passages, e.g. by means of contact between the passages
- F02M31/093—Air intake passage surrounding the exhaust gas passage; Exhaust gas passage surrounding the air intake passage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention discloses an air preheating type engine silencer, which comprises a first section of silencing preheating unit, a second section of silencing preheating unit, an engine exhaust pipe, a first section of silencer exhaust pipe, a second section of silencer exhaust pipe, an air preheating transition pipe, an air preheating air inlet pipe and an air preheating air outlet pipe; the engine exhaust pipe is connected with the tail gas inlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit, and the tail gas outlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit is connected with the first section of silencer exhaust pipe; the tail gas discharge end of the first section of silencer exhaust pipe is connected with the tail gas inlet end of the second section of silencing preheating unit, and the tail gas discharge end of the second section of silencer exhaust pipe is connected with the second section of silencer exhaust pipe; the invention has simple structure, fully utilizes the heat contained in the tail gas and the vibration energy in the silencer, and preheats the air entering the combustion chamber in advance, thereby achieving the effect of improving the energy utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of silencers, and particularly relates to an air preheating type engine silencer and a method thereof.
Background
In the north of severe cold areas, because the ambient temperature is low, a large amount of cold air can be sucked in the engine in the air intake stroke process, and extra heat needs to be increased in a combustion chamber to heat the cold air, so that the energy utilization rate is reduced; the existing silencer has low silencing performance, and if the silencing performance is improved, the volume of the silencer needs to be improved to make up, so that a new problem of occupying space is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a diesel engine silencer and a method thereof, which make full use of the waste heat of flue gas.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the purpose, the air preheating type engine silencer comprises a first section of silencing preheating unit, a second section of silencing preheating unit, an engine exhaust pipe, a first section of silencer exhaust pipe, a second section of silencer exhaust pipe, an air preheating transition pipe, an air preheating air inlet pipe and an air preheating air outlet pipe;
the engine exhaust pipe is connected with the tail gas inlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit, and the tail gas outlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit is connected with the first section of silencer exhaust pipe; the tail gas discharge end of the first section of silencer exhaust pipe is connected with the tail gas inlet end of the second section of silencing and preheating unit, and the tail gas discharge end of the second section of silencing and preheating unit is connected with the second section of silencer exhaust pipe;
the air preheating air inlet pipe is connected with a cold air inlet end of the second section of silencing and preheating unit, and a preheated air outlet end of the second section of silencing and preheating unit is in conduction connection with a preheated air inlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit through the air preheating transition pipe; the preheated air discharge end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit is connected with the air preheating air outlet pipe; and the outer side of the air preheating transition pipe is coaxially and hermetically coated with a heat insulation pipe, and a heat insulation gap is formed between the heat insulation pipe and the air preheating transition pipe.
Furthermore, the second section of silencing and preheating unit is of a cylindrical closed chamber structure, and a cylindrical silencing and preheating chamber with a transverse posture is arranged in the second section of silencing and preheating unit; the exhaust outlet of the exhaust pipe of the first section of muffler is positioned at one end of the silencing and preheating chamber; the silencing and preheating chamber also comprises a smoke dispersing cover which is of a cylindrical cover body structure coaxial with the silencing and preheating chamber, a plurality of smoke leakage meshes are uniformly and respectively arranged on the cylindrical wall surface of the smoke dispersing cover, the cover top of the smoke dispersing cover is arranged in a sealing manner, and the cover opening of the smoke dispersing cover covers the exhaust outlet of the first section of silencer exhaust pipe;
the silencing and preheating chamber also comprises a spiral heat exchange tube which is spirally wound between the outer wall of the smoke diffusing cover and the inner wall of the silencing and preheating chamber, and gaps are kept among the spiral heat exchange tube, the outer wall of the smoke diffusing cover and the inner wall of the silencing and preheating chamber; the inlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube is in conduction connection with the outlet end of the air preheating air inlet tube, and the outlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube is in conduction connection with the inlet end of the air preheating transition tube.
Furthermore, the first section of silencing and preheating unit sequentially comprises a first expansion chamber, a transition heat exchange cavity, a second expansion chamber and a third expansion chamber in the extension direction, and the first expansion chamber, the transition heat exchange cavity, the second expansion chamber and the third expansion chamber are respectively of a cylindrical cavity structure with the same axis; a first interlayer is arranged between the first expansion chamber and the transition heat exchange cavity, a second interlayer is arranged between the transition heat exchange cavity and the second expansion chamber, and a third interlayer is arranged between the second expansion chamber and the third expansion chamber;
the preheating sound-insulation air layer is sandwiched between the inner layer cavity wall and the outer layer cavity wall and covers the outer sides of the transition heat exchange cavity, the second expansion chamber and the third expansion chamber; the circumferential wall surface of the transitional heat exchange cavity is provided with a plurality of air conducting holes in a circumferential array in a hollow manner, and the air conducting holes conduct the transitional heat exchange cavity and the preheating sound insulation air layer mutually;
the system also comprises a first expansion chamber pipe, a second expansion chamber pipe, an air heat exchange pipe bundle and an air storage tank; the first expansion chamber pipe coaxially penetrates through the transition heat exchange cavity, and two ends of the first expansion chamber pipe respectively extend into the first expansion chamber and the second expansion chamber; the second expansion chamber pipe coaxially penetrates through the third interlayer, two ends of the second expansion chamber pipe respectively extend into the second expansion chamber and the third expansion chamber, and the air outlet end of the engine exhaust pipe extends into the first expansion chamber; the tail gas exhaust inlet of the exhaust pipe of the first section of silencer extends into the third expansion chamber; an air outlet of the air preheating transition pipe extends into the preheating sound insulation air layer, and the air outlet is positioned at one end, far away from the transition heat exchange cavity, of the preheating sound insulation air layer;
the air storage box is integrally arranged on the outer side of the expansion chamber wall of the first expansion chamber, and the air storage box is positioned at one end, far away from the transition heat exchange cavity, of the first expansion chamber; the gas storage box is internally provided with a gas storage cavity;
the air heat exchange tube bundle is formed by a plurality of air heat exchange tubes which are arranged in parallel into a bundle structure, and the adjacent air heat exchange tubes are arranged at intervals; the air heat exchange tube bundle penetrates through the first expansion chamber along the axis direction, and two ends of the air heat exchange tube bundle respectively extend into the air storage cavity and the transition heat exchange cavity; and a hot air inlet of the air preheating outlet pipe extends into the air storage cavity.
Furthermore, the air heat exchange tube bundles are distributed in the half cavity of the first expansion chamber, and the air outlet end of the engine exhaust pipe extends into the other half cavity of the first expansion chamber.
Furthermore, one end of the first expansion chamber pipe extending into the second expansion chamber is flared in a bell mouth shape; the second expansion chamber also comprises a first drainage umbrella which is of a conical thin-wall structure, the first drainage umbrella is coaxial between the bell mouth and the second expansion chamber pipe, the tip of the first drainage umbrella extends into the bell mouth, the conical surface of the bell mouth is parallel to the conical surface of the first drainage umbrella, and a conical sound guide channel is formed between the conical surface of the bell mouth and the conical surface of the first drainage umbrella;
the end part of the second expansion chamber pipe extending into the second expansion chamber is integrally connected with the inner side of the conical wall of the first drainage umbrella, and the side wall of one end, close to the first drainage umbrella, of the second expansion chamber pipe is uniformly provided with a plurality of air inlet holes in a hollow manner, and the plurality of air inlet holes form a hole mesh group;
the second expansion chamber also comprises a flow guide annular wall, the flow guide annular wall is of an annular wall structure which is coaxial with the second expansion chamber, and one end of the flow guide annular wall, which is close to the third interlayer, is integrally connected with the thick end of the first drainage umbrella; the guide ring wall surrounds the outer side of the bell mouth, and one end of the guide ring wall close to the second interlayer is arranged at a distance from the second interlayer; a first small expansion chamber is formed between the first drainage umbrella and the diversion annular wall, and a second small expansion chamber is formed between the third interlayer and the inner side of the first drainage umbrella.
Furthermore, the third expansion chamber also comprises a second drainage umbrella, the second drainage umbrella is of a conical thin-wall structure which is coaxial with the third expansion chamber, one end, close to the tail gas discharge inlet, of the second drainage umbrella is a tip end, the end, extending into the third expansion chamber, of the second expansion chamber pipe is integrally connected with the inner side of a conical wall of the second drainage umbrella, a plurality of air outlet holes are uniformly formed in the side wall, close to one end of the second drainage umbrella, of the second expansion chamber pipe in a hollow mode, and the air outlet holes form a hole network group; and a third small expansion chamber is formed between the inner side of the second drainage umbrella and the third interlayer.
Further, a method of an air preheating type engine muffler:
an exhaust path: the exhaust gas is guided into a first expansion chamber from an exhaust port of a combustion chamber of a diesel engine through an engine exhaust pipe, then the accumulated exhaust gas in the first expansion chamber is guided into a second expansion chamber through a first expansion chamber pipe, then the exhaust gas in the second expansion chamber is guided into a third expansion chamber through a second expansion chamber pipe, and further exhaust gas is discharged into a first section of muffler exhaust pipe from the third expansion chamber; then the tail gas in the first section of silencer exhaust pipe is guided into the smoke-dispersing hood, the smoke in the smoke-dispersing hood overflows into the silencing and preheating chamber from each smoke leakage mesh, and finally the tail gas in the silencing and preheating chamber is exhausted outside through the second section of silencer exhaust pipe;
preheating an air path: the air preheating air outlet pipe is connected with an air inlet pipeline of the engine, negative pressure is continuously formed by the air preheating air outlet pipe under the action of an air inlet stroke of the diesel engine, then external cold air continuously enters the spiral heat exchange pipe through the air preheating air inlet pipe under the action of the negative pressure, then air in the spiral heat exchange pipe continuously enters the preheating sound-insulation air layer through the air preheating transition pipe under the action of the negative pressure, then enters the transition heat exchange cavity through a plurality of air conducting holes, then the air in the transition heat exchange cavity is sucked into the air storage cavity through the air heat exchange pipe bundle, and finally the air in the air storage cavity is sucked into the air inlet pipeline of the engine through the air preheating air outlet pipe;
silencing and preheating air heating process: when the engine exhaust pipe is led into the first expansion chamber, under the expanding type resistance silencing effect, the sound wave intensity of noise in the first expansion chamber is attenuated for the first time, meanwhile, smoke in the first expansion chamber heats the air heat exchange pipe bundle, and then air in the air heat exchange pipe bundle is heated; the first-time attenuated sound wave enters the first expansion chamber pipe along with the smoke shock wave and rushes out from the bell mouth of the first expansion chamber pipe, the shock wave coming out from the bell mouth forms gradually expanded annular shock wave in the annular conical sound guide channel under the action of the first drainage umbrella, and the shock wave intensity of the shock wave is diluted by the trend of gradual expansion; further, after being further attenuated in the first small expansion chamber, the shock wave is guided into the second small expansion chamber through a gap between the guide ring wall and the inner layer chamber wall, the shock wave causes vibration of the inner layer chamber wall in the process of passing through the gap between the guide ring wall and the inner layer chamber wall, part of the vibration energy is dispersed into the sound insulation air layer and is partially converted into internal energy of the sound insulation air layer, so that the shock wave energy is further diluted, meanwhile, part of heat heated by the smoke gas on the inner layer chamber wall under the action of heat conduction is also transferred to the sound insulation air layer and heats air inside the sound insulation air layer, the intensity of the shock wave entering the second small expansion chamber is further attenuated, meanwhile, the first interlayer and the second interlayer respectively absorb the heat in the first expansion chamber and the second expansion chamber under the action of heat conduction and transfer the heat to the air in the heat exchange chamber, meanwhile, part of the vibration energy in the first expansion chamber and the second expansion chamber is also transferred to the air in the transition chamber, thereby partially converting into the internal energy of the transition heat exchange cavity; because the shock wave in the second small expansion chamber is attenuated to a certain degree, the shock wave in the second small expansion chamber is subjected to smaller fluid resistance when entering a second expansion chamber pipe through a plurality of air inlet hole network groups along with the flue gas, then is guided out of a plurality of air outlet holes to a third small expansion chamber, is subjected to resistive noise elimination through two hole network structures, is further attenuated, and is finally discharged from a first section of silencer exhaust pipe after passing through a fourth small expansion chamber;
the shock wave led out from the first section of silencer exhaust pipe enters the smoke dissipating cover, the sound wave is weakened again under the action of the mesh resistive silencing effect of the smoke dissipating cover, the silencing preheating chamber is equivalent to a sound wave expansion chamber, the sound wave entering the silencing preheating chamber is attenuated for the last time, meanwhile, tail gas overflowing from each smoke leakage mesh on the smoke dissipating cover is uniformly sprayed to the spiral heat exchange pipe and continuously heats the spiral heat exchange pipe, meanwhile, the spiral heat exchange pipe correspondingly absorbs the oscillation energy in the silencing preheating chamber and partially converts the oscillation energy into the internal energy of the spiral heat exchange pipe, meanwhile, the high-temperature tail gas in the silencing preheating chamber transfers the heat in the smoke gas to the spiral heat exchange pipe again in a heat conduction mode, and further heats the air in the spiral heat exchange pipe; finally, the sound waves and the tail gas are discharged outside from the exhaust pipe of the second section of the silencer.
Has the advantages that: the exhaust gas preheating device has a simple structure, and the air entering the combustion chamber is preheated in advance by fully utilizing the heat contained in the exhaust gas and the vibration energy in the silencer, so that the effect of improving the energy utilization rate is achieved;
meanwhile, the drainage umbrella structure is adopted, so that the intensity of the shock wave in the second expansion chamber is diluted by the gradual expansion trend, the noise elimination intensity is improved, the noise elimination intensity is higher than that of a traditional diesel engine under the condition of the same volume, the gradual expansion structure greatly reduces the fluid resistance and simultaneously effectively dilutes the shock wave, and the exhaust resistance of the engine is effectively reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial front sectional view of a second section of the muffling and preheating unit;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the interior of the second section of the silencing and preheating unit;
FIG. 5 is a partial front sectional view of the first section of the muffling and preheating unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. Introduction of structure: an air preheating type engine muffler as shown in fig. 1 to 4, characterized in that: the device comprises a first section of silencing and preheating unit 32, a second section of silencing and preheating unit 62, an engine exhaust pipe 15, a first section of silencer exhaust pipe 31, a second section of silencer exhaust pipe 67, an air preheating transition pipe 30, an air preheating inlet pipe 63 and an air preheating outlet pipe 1;
the engine exhaust pipe 15 is connected with the exhaust gas inlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit 32, and the exhaust gas outlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit 32 is connected with the first section of silencer exhaust pipe 31; the tail gas discharge end of the first section of muffler exhaust pipe 31 is connected with the tail gas inlet end of the second section of muffling preheating unit 62, and the tail gas discharge end of the second section of muffling preheating unit 62 is connected with the second section of muffler exhaust pipe 67;
the air preheating air inlet pipe 63 is connected with the cold air inlet end of the second section of silencing and preheating unit 62, and the preheated air outlet end of the second section of silencing and preheating unit 62 is in conduction connection with the preheated air inlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit 32 through the air preheating transition pipe 30; the preheated air discharge end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit 32 is connected with the air preheating outlet pipe 1; the outside of the air preheating transition pipe 30 is also coaxially and hermetically covered with a heat insulation pipe 54, and a heat insulation gap 51 is formed between the heat insulation pipe 54 and the air preheating transition pipe 30.
In this embodiment, the second section of muffling and preheating unit 62 is a cylindrical closed chamber structure, and the inside of the second section of muffling and preheating unit 62 is a cylindrical muffling and preheating chamber 56 with a transverse posture; the exhaust outlet 31.2 of the first section of muffler exhaust pipe 31 is positioned at one end of the muffler preheating chamber 56; the silencing and preheating chamber 56 further comprises a smoke exhaust hood 61, the smoke exhaust hood 61 is a cylindrical hood body structure coaxial with the silencing and preheating chamber 56, a plurality of smoke leakage meshes 60 are uniformly and respectively arranged on the cylindrical wall surface of the smoke exhaust hood 61, a hood top 59 of the smoke exhaust hood 61 is arranged in a sealing manner, and a hood opening of the smoke exhaust hood 61 is covered on an exhaust outlet 31.2 of the first section of silencer exhaust pipe 31;
the silencing and preheating chamber 56 further comprises a spiral heat exchange pipe 58, the spiral heat exchange pipe 58 is spirally wound between the outer wall of the fume dispersing hood 61 and the inner wall 57 of the silencing and preheating chamber, and the spiral heat exchange pipe 58 keeps a gap with the outer wall of the fume dispersing hood 61 and the inner wall 57 of the silencing and preheating chamber; the inlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube 58 is connected with the outlet end of the air preheating inlet tube 63 in a conduction mode, and the outlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube 58 is connected with the inlet end of the air preheating transition tube 30 in a conduction mode.
As shown in fig. 2 and 5, in this embodiment, the first section of muffling preheating unit 32 sequentially includes a first expansion chamber 17, a transition heat exchange chamber 18, a second expansion chamber 19, and a third expansion chamber 29 in the direction of extension inside, where the first expansion chamber 17, the transition heat exchange chamber 18, the second expansion chamber 19, and the third expansion chamber 29 are respectively of a cylindrical cavity structure with the same axis; a first barrier layer 18.1 is arranged between the first expansion chamber 17 and the transition heat exchange cavity 18, a second barrier layer 22 is arranged between the transition heat exchange cavity 18 and the second expansion chamber 19, and a third barrier layer 27 is arranged between the second expansion chamber 19 and the third expansion chamber 29;
the heat exchanger further comprises a preheating sound-proof air layer 11 sandwiched between an inner layer cavity wall 24 and an outer layer cavity wall 26, wherein the preheating sound-proof air layer 11 is coated outside the transition heat exchange cavity 18, the second expansion chamber 19 and the third expansion chamber 29; a plurality of air conducting holes 5 are arranged on the circumferential wall surface of the transitional heat exchange cavity 18 in a circumferential array in a hollow manner, and the air conducting holes 5 conduct the transitional heat exchange cavity 18 and the preheating sound insulation air layer 11 mutually;
also comprises a first expansion chamber pipe 16, a second expansion chamber pipe 28, an air heat exchange tube bundle 3 and an air storage tank 21; the first expansion chamber pipe 16 coaxially passes through the transition heat exchange cavity 18, and two ends of the first expansion chamber pipe 16 respectively extend into the first expansion chamber 17 and the second expansion chamber 19; the second expansion chamber pipe 28 coaxially passes through the third partition 27, two ends of the second expansion chamber pipe 28 respectively extend into the second expansion chamber 19 and the third expansion chamber 29, and the air outlet end of the engine exhaust pipe 15 extends into the first expansion chamber 17; the exhaust gas outlet 31.1 of the first section of muffler exhaust pipe 31 extends into the third expansion chamber 29; an air outlet 30.1 of the air preheating transition pipe 30 extends into the preheating sound insulation air layer 11, and the air outlet 30.1 is positioned at one end, far away from the transition heat exchange cavity 18, of the preheating sound insulation air layer 11;
the air storage tank 21 is integrally arranged outside the expansion chamber enveloping wall 20 of the first expansion chamber 17, and the air storage tank 21 is positioned at one end of the first expansion chamber 17 far away from the transition heat exchange cavity 18; the gas storage cavity 2 is arranged in the gas storage box 21;
the air heat exchange tube bundle 3 is formed by a plurality of air heat exchange tubes which are arranged in parallel into a bundle structure, and adjacent air heat exchange tubes are arranged at intervals; the air heat exchange tube bundle 3 passes through the first expansion chamber 17 along the axis direction, and two ends of the air heat exchange tube bundle 3 respectively extend into the air storage cavity 2 and the transition heat exchange cavity 18; and a hot air inlet 1.1 of the air preheating outlet pipe 1 extends into the air storage cavity 2.
The air heat exchange tube bundle 3 is distributed in the half cavity 4 of the first expansion chamber 17, and the air outlet end of the engine exhaust pipe 15 extends into the other half cavity of the first expansion chamber 17.
One end of the first expansion chamber pipe 16 extending into the second expansion chamber 19 is flared in a bell mouth 33 shape; the second expansion chamber 19 further comprises a first drainage umbrella 25, the first drainage umbrella 25 is of a conical thin-wall structure, the first drainage umbrella 25 is coaxial between the bell mouth 33 and the second expansion chamber pipe 28, the tip of the first drainage umbrella 25 extends into the bell mouth 33, the conical surface of the bell mouth 33 is parallel to the conical surface of the first drainage umbrella 25, and a conical sound guide channel 7 is formed between the conical surface of the bell mouth 33 and the conical surface of the first drainage umbrella 25;
the end part of the second expansion chamber pipe 28 extending into the second expansion chamber 19 is integrally connected with the inner side of the conical wall of the first drainage umbrella 25, the side wall of one end, close to the first drainage umbrella 25, of the second expansion chamber pipe 28 is uniformly provided with a plurality of air inlet holes 23 in a hollow manner, and the air inlet holes 23 form a hole network group;
the second expansion chamber 19 further comprises a flow guide annular wall 9, the flow guide annular wall 9 is of an annular wall structure which is coaxial with the second expansion chamber 19, and one end, close to the third partition layer 27, of the flow guide annular wall 9 is integrally connected with the thick end of the first drainage umbrella 25; the flow guide annular wall 9 surrounds the outer side of the bell mouth 33, and one end, close to the second interlayer 22, of the flow guide annular wall 9 is arranged at a distance from the second interlayer 22; a first small expansion chamber 8 is formed between the first drainage umbrella 25 and the diversion ring wall 9, and a second small expansion chamber 10 is formed between the third interlayer 27 and the inner side of the first drainage umbrella 25.
The third expansion chamber 29 further comprises a second drainage umbrella 13, the second drainage umbrella 13 is of a conical thin-wall structure which is coaxial with the third expansion chamber 29, one end, close to the tail gas discharge inlet 31.1, of the second drainage umbrella 13 is a tip end, the end, extending into the third expansion chamber 29, of the second expansion chamber pipe 28 is integrally connected with the inner side of the conical wall of the second drainage umbrella 13, a plurality of air outlet holes 14 are uniformly formed in the side wall, close to the second drainage umbrella 13, of one end of the second expansion chamber pipe 28 in a hollow mode, and the air outlet holes 14 form a hole network group; a third small expansion chamber 12 is formed between the inner side of the second drainage umbrella 13 and the third interlayer 27.
2. The method, the process and the technical principle are organized as follows:
an exhaust path: further exhaust gas is discharged from the third expansion chamber 29 into the first section of muffler exhaust pipe 31 by being introduced from the combustion chamber exhaust port of the diesel engine through the engine exhaust pipe 15 into the first expansion chamber 17, then the flue gas in the first expansion chamber 17 is accumulated and then introduced through the first expansion chamber pipe 16 into the second expansion chamber 19, then the flue gas in the second expansion chamber 19 is introduced through the second expansion chamber pipe 28 into the third expansion chamber 29; then the tail gas in the first section of muffler exhaust pipe 31 is guided into the smoke-diffusing cover 61, and then the smoke in the smoke-diffusing cover 61 overflows from each smoke-leaking mesh 60 into the silencing and preheating chamber 56, and finally the tail gas in the silencing and preheating chamber 56 is exhausted outside through the second section of muffler exhaust pipe 67;
preheating an air path: the air preheating air outlet pipe 1 is connected with an air inlet pipeline of an engine, under the action of an air inlet stroke of the diesel engine, the air preheating air outlet pipe 1 continuously forms negative pressure, then outside cold air continuously enters the spiral heat exchange pipe 58 through the air preheating air inlet pipe 63 under the action of the negative pressure, then air in the spiral heat exchange pipe 58 continuously enters the preheating sound insulation air layer 11 through the air preheating transition pipe 30 under the action of the negative pressure, then enters the transition heat exchange cavity 18 through a plurality of air conducting holes 5, then the air in the transition heat exchange cavity 18 is sucked into the air storage cavity 2 through the air heat exchange pipe bundle 3, and finally the air in the air storage cavity 2 is sucked into the air inlet pipeline of the engine through the air preheating air outlet pipe 1;
silencing and preheating air heating process: when the engine exhaust pipe 15 is led into the first expansion chamber 17, under the expanding type resistance silencing effect, the sound wave intensity of the noise in the first expansion chamber 17 is attenuated for the first time, meanwhile, the smoke in the first expansion chamber 17 heats the air heat exchange tube bundle 3, and further heats the air inside the air heat exchange tube bundle 3; the sound waves attenuated for the first time enter the first expansion chamber pipe 16 along with the smoke shock waves and are flushed out from the bell mouth 33 of the first expansion chamber pipe 16, the shock waves from the bell mouth 33 form gradually expanded annular shock waves in the annular conical sound guide channel 7 under the action of the first drainage umbrella 25, the intensity of the shock waves is diluted by the trend of gradual expansion, the gradually expanded structure greatly reduces the fluid resistance and simultaneously effectively dilutes the shock waves, meanwhile, the concave structure on the opposite side of the tip end of the first drainage umbrella 25 in the conical shape expands the cavity volume of the second small expansion chamber 10, and the relaxation intensity of the second small expansion chamber 10 is improved; further, after being further attenuated in the first small expansion chamber 8, the shock wave is guided into the second small expansion chamber 10 through the annular cylindrical gap between the guide annular wall 9 and the inner layer chamber wall 24, the shock wave advances in an annular cylindrical shape in the process of passing through the gap between the guide annular wall 9 and the inner layer chamber wall 24 to cause severe vibration of the inner layer chamber wall 24, part of the vibration energy is dispersed into the sound insulation air layer 11 and is partially converted into internal energy of the sound insulation air layer 11, so that the shock wave energy of the shock wave is further diluted, meanwhile, the heat of the inner layer chamber wall 24 heated by the smoke gas under the action of heat conduction is also partially transferred to the sound insulation air layer 11 and heats the air in the sound insulation air layer 11, the intensity of the shock wave entering the second small expansion chamber 10 is further attenuated, and simultaneously, the first interlayer 18.1 and the second interlayer 22 respectively absorb the heat in the first expansion chamber 17 and the second expansion chamber 19 under the action of reheat conduction, and transfers the heat to the air in the transition heat exchange cavity 18, meanwhile, part of the vibration sound wave energy in the first expansion chamber 17 and the second expansion chamber 19 is also partly transferred to the air in the transition heat exchange cavity 18, and then part of the vibration sound wave energy is converted into the internal energy of the transition heat exchange cavity 18; because the shock wave in the second small expansion chamber 10 has already attenuated to a certain extent, the fluid resistance that the shock wave in the second small expansion chamber 10 receives when entering the second expansion chamber pipe 28 through the network group of the plurality of air inlet holes 23 is smaller at this moment with the flue gas, then lead out to the third small expansion chamber 12 from the plurality of air outlet holes 14, make its resistance muffle through two pore network structures, under the limited fluid resistance condition, further weaken the sound wave intensity, the shock wave entering the third small expansion chamber 12 is further attenuated, then the shock wave in the third small expansion chamber 12 is discharged from the first section muffler exhaust pipe 31 after passing through the fourth small expansion chamber 29.1 finally;
the shock wave led out from the first section of muffler exhaust pipe 31 enters the smoke dissipating cover 61, the sound wave is weakened again under the action of the mesh resistive silencing effect of the smoke dissipating cover 61, meanwhile, the silencing preheating chamber 56 is also equivalent to a sound wave expansion chamber, the sound wave entering the silencing preheating chamber 56 is attenuated for the last time, meanwhile, the tail gas overflowing from each smoke leakage mesh 60 on the smoke dissipating cover 61 is uniformly sprayed to the spiral heat exchange pipe 58 and continuously heats the spiral heat exchange pipe 58, meanwhile, the spiral heat exchange pipe 58 correspondingly absorbs the oscillation energy in the silencing preheating chamber 56 and partially converts the oscillation energy into the internal energy of the spiral heat exchange pipe 58, meanwhile, the high-temperature tail gas in the silencing preheating chamber 56 transfers the heat in the smoke gas to the spiral heat exchange pipe 58 again in a heat conduction mode, and further heats the air in the spiral heat exchange pipe 58; finally, the sound waves and the tail gas are discharged out of the outside from the second section of muffler exhaust pipe 67.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. An air preheating type engine muffler characterized in that: the device comprises a first section of silencing preheating unit (32), a second section of silencing preheating unit (62), an engine exhaust pipe (15), a first section of silencer exhaust pipe (31), a second section of silencer exhaust pipe (67), an air preheating transition pipe (30), an air preheating air inlet pipe (63) and an air preheating air outlet pipe (1);
the engine exhaust pipe (15) is connected with the tail gas inlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit (32), and the tail gas outlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit (32) is connected with the first section of silencer exhaust pipe (31); the tail gas discharge end of the first section of muffler exhaust pipe (31) is connected with the tail gas inlet end of the second section of muffling preheating unit (62), and the tail gas discharge end of the second section of muffling preheating unit (62) is connected with the second section of muffler exhaust pipe (67);
the air preheating air inlet pipe (63) is connected with the cold air inlet end of the second section of silencing and preheating unit (62), and the preheated air outlet end of the second section of silencing and preheating unit (62) is in conduction connection with the preheated air inlet end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit (32) through the air preheating transition pipe (30); the preheated air discharge end of the first section of silencing and preheating unit (32) is connected with the air preheating air outlet pipe (1); the outer side of the air preheating transition pipe (30) is coaxially and hermetically coated with a heat insulation pipe (54), and a heat insulation gap (51) is formed between the heat insulation pipe (54) and the air preheating transition pipe (30);
the second section of the silencing and preheating unit (62) is of a cylindrical closed chamber structure, and a cylindrical silencing and preheating chamber (56) with a transverse posture is arranged in the second section of the silencing and preheating unit (62); the exhaust outlet (31.2) of the first section of muffler exhaust pipe (31) is positioned at one end of the silencing preheating chamber (56); the silencing and preheating chamber (56) further comprises a smoke dispersing cover (61), the smoke dispersing cover (61) is a cylindrical cover body structure which is coaxial with the silencing and preheating chamber (56), a plurality of smoke leakage mesh holes (60) are uniformly and respectively formed in the cylindrical wall surface of the smoke dispersing cover (61), the cover top (59) of the smoke dispersing cover (61) is arranged in a sealing mode, and the cover opening of the smoke dispersing cover (61) covers the exhaust outlet (31.2) of the first section of silencer exhaust pipe (31);
the silencing and preheating chamber (56) further comprises a spiral heat exchange pipe (58), the spiral heat exchange pipe (58) is spirally wound between the outer wall of the smoke dispersing hood (61) and the inner wall (57) of the silencing and preheating chamber, and a gap is kept between the spiral heat exchange pipe (58) and the outer wall of the smoke dispersing hood (61) and the inner wall (57) of the silencing and preheating chamber; the inlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube (58) is in conduction connection with the outlet end of the air preheating air inlet tube (63), and the outlet end of the spiral heat exchange tube (58) is in conduction connection with the inlet end of the air preheating transition tube (30);
the first section of silencing and preheating unit (32) sequentially comprises a first expansion chamber (17), a transition heat exchange cavity (18), a second expansion chamber (19) and a third expansion chamber (29) along the length direction, and the first expansion chamber (17), the transition heat exchange cavity (18), the second expansion chamber (19) and the third expansion chamber (29) are respectively of cylindrical cavity structures with the same axis; a first barrier layer (18.1) is arranged between the first expansion chamber (17) and the transition heat exchange cavity (18), a second barrier layer (22) is arranged between the transition heat exchange cavity (18) and the second expansion chamber (19), and a third barrier layer (27) is arranged between the second expansion chamber (19) and the third expansion chamber (29); the heat exchanger further comprises a preheating sound-insulation air layer (11) clamped between an inner layer cavity wall (24) and an outer layer cavity wall (26), wherein the preheating sound-insulation air layer (11) is coated outside the transition heat exchange cavity (18), the second expansion chamber (19) and the third expansion chamber (29); the circumferential wall surface of the transitional heat exchange cavity (18) is circumferentially arrayed and hollowed with a plurality of air conducting holes (5), and the transitional heat exchange cavity (18) and the preheating sound insulation air layer (11) are mutually communicated through the air conducting holes (5); the system also comprises a first expansion chamber pipe (16), a second expansion chamber pipe (28), an air heat exchange pipe bundle (3) and an air storage tank (21); the first expansion chamber pipe (16) coaxially passes through the transition heat exchange cavity (18), and two ends of the first expansion chamber pipe (16) respectively extend into the first expansion chamber (17) and the second expansion chamber (19); the second expansion chamber pipe (28) coaxially penetrates through the third partition (27), two ends of the second expansion chamber pipe (28) respectively extend into the second expansion chamber (19) and the third expansion chamber (29), and the air outlet end of the engine exhaust pipe (15) extends into the first expansion chamber (17); the tail gas discharge inlet (31.1) of the first section of silencer exhaust pipe (31) extends into the third expansion chamber (29); an air outlet (30.1) of the air preheating transition pipe (30) extends into the preheating sound-proof air layer (11), and the air outlet (30.1) is positioned at one end, far away from the transition heat exchange cavity (18), of the preheating sound-proof air layer (11); the air storage tank (21) is integrally arranged on the outer side of an expansion chamber wrapping wall (20) of the first expansion chamber (17), and the air storage tank (21) is positioned at one end, far away from the transition heat exchange cavity (18), of the first expansion chamber (17); the air storage cavity (2) is arranged in the air storage box (21); the air heat exchange tube bundle (3) is formed by a plurality of air heat exchange tubes in parallel into a bundle structure, and adjacent air heat exchange tubes are arranged at intervals; the air heat exchange tube bundle (3) penetrates through the first expansion chamber (17) along the axis direction, and two ends of the air heat exchange tube bundle (3) respectively extend into the air storage cavity (2) and the transition heat exchange cavity (18); and a hot air inlet (1.1) of the air preheating outlet pipe (1) extends into the air storage cavity (2).
2. An air preheating type engine muffler according to claim 1, wherein: the air heat exchange tube bundles (3) are distributed in the half cavity (4) of the first expansion chamber (17), and the air outlet end of the engine exhaust pipe (15) extends into the other half cavity of the first expansion chamber (17).
3. An air preheating type engine muffler according to claim 2, wherein: one end of the first expansion chamber pipe (16) extending into the second expansion chamber (19) is flared in a bell mouth shape (33); the second expansion chamber (19) further comprises a first drainage umbrella (25), the first drainage umbrella (25) is of a conical thin-wall structure, the first drainage umbrella (25) is coaxial with the horn mouth (33) and the second expansion chamber pipe (28), the tip end of the first drainage umbrella (25) extends into the horn mouth (33), the conical surface of the horn mouth (33) is parallel to the conical surface of the first drainage umbrella (25), and a conical sound guide channel (7) is formed between the conical surface of the horn mouth (33) and the conical surface of the first drainage umbrella (25);
the end part of the second expansion chamber pipe (28) extending into the second expansion chamber (19) is integrally connected with the inner side of the conical wall of the first drainage umbrella (25), the side wall of one end, close to the first drainage umbrella (25), of the second expansion chamber pipe (28) is uniformly provided with a plurality of air inlets (23) in a hollow manner, and the air inlets (23) form a mesh group;
the second expansion chamber (19) also comprises a flow guide annular wall (9), the flow guide annular wall (9) is of an annular wall structure which is coaxial with the second expansion chamber (19), and one end, close to the third interlayer (27), of the flow guide annular wall (9) is integrally connected with the thick end of the first drainage umbrella (25); the flow guide annular wall (9) surrounds the outer side of the bell mouth (33), and one end, close to the second interlayer (22), of the flow guide annular wall (9) is arranged at a distance from the second interlayer (22); a first small expansion chamber (8) is formed between the first drainage umbrella (25) and the diversion ring wall (9), and a second small expansion chamber (10) is formed between the third interlayer (27) and the inner side of the first drainage umbrella (25).
4. An air preheating type engine muffler according to claim 3, wherein: the third expansion chamber (29) further comprises a second drainage umbrella (13), the second drainage umbrella (13) is of a conical thin-wall structure which is coaxial with the third expansion chamber (29), one end, close to the tail gas discharge inlet (31.1), of the second drainage umbrella (13) is a tip end, the end, extending into the third expansion chamber (29), of the second expansion chamber pipe (28) is integrally connected with the inner side of the conical wall of the second drainage umbrella (13), the side wall, close to the second drainage umbrella (13), of one end of the second expansion chamber pipe (28) is evenly provided with a plurality of air outlet holes (14) in a hollowed mode, and the air outlet holes (14) form a mesh group; a third small expansion chamber (12) is formed between the inner side of the second drainage umbrella (13) and the third interlayer (27).
5. The method of operating an air preheating type engine muffler according to claim 4, wherein:
an exhaust path: the exhaust gas is introduced into a first expansion chamber (17) from a combustion chamber exhaust port of a diesel engine through an engine exhaust pipe (15), then the exhaust gas in the first expansion chamber (17) is accumulated and then is introduced into a second expansion chamber (19) through a first expansion chamber pipe (16), then the exhaust gas in the second expansion chamber (19) is introduced into a third expansion chamber (29) through a second expansion chamber pipe (28), and further exhaust gas is discharged into a first section of silencer exhaust pipe (31) from the third expansion chamber (29); then the tail gas in the first section of silencer exhaust pipe (31) is guided into the smoke radiating cover (61), the smoke in the smoke radiating cover (61) overflows from each smoke leakage mesh (60) to the silencing preheating chamber (56), and finally the tail gas in the silencing preheating chamber (56) is exhausted outside through the second section of silencer exhaust pipe (67);
preheating an air path: the air preheating air outlet pipe (1) is connected with an air inlet pipeline of an engine, negative pressure is continuously formed in the air preheating air outlet pipe (1) under the action of an air inlet stroke of the diesel engine, then external cold air continuously enters the spiral heat exchange pipe (58) through the air preheating air inlet pipe (63) under the action of the negative pressure, then air in the spiral heat exchange pipe (58) continuously enters the preheating sound insulation air layer (11) through the air preheating transition pipe (30) under the action of the negative pressure, then enters the transition heat exchange cavity (18) through the plurality of air conducting holes (5), then the air in the transition heat exchange cavity (18) is sucked into the air storage cavity (2) through the air heat exchange pipe bundle (3), and finally the air in the air storage cavity (2) is sucked into the air inlet pipeline of the engine through the air preheating air outlet pipe (1);
silencing and preheating air heating process: when the engine exhaust pipe (15) is led into the first expansion chamber (17), under the expanding type resistance silencing effect, the sound wave intensity of noise in the first expansion chamber (17) is attenuated for the first time, meanwhile, smoke in the first expansion chamber (17) heats the air heat exchange tube bundle (3), and further heats air inside the air heat exchange tube bundle (3); the sound waves attenuated for the first time enter the first expansion chamber pipe (16) along with the smoke shock waves and are flushed out from the bell mouth (33) of the first expansion chamber pipe (16), the shock waves coming out from the bell mouth (33) form gradually expanded annular shock waves in the annular conical sound guide channel (7) under the action of the first drainage umbrella (25), and the shock wave intensity of the shock waves is diluted by the trend of gradual expansion; further, after being further attenuated in the first small expansion chamber (8), the shock wave is guided into the second small expansion chamber (10) through a gap between the guide annular wall (9) and the inner layer cavity wall (24), the inner layer cavity wall (24) vibrates in the process of passing through the gap between the guide annular wall (9) and the inner layer cavity wall (24), part of the vibration energy is dispersed into the sound insulation air layer (11) and is partially converted into the internal energy of the sound insulation air layer (11), so that the shock wave energy is further diluted, meanwhile, the heat heated by the smoke gas of the inner layer cavity wall (24) under the action of heat conduction is also partially transferred to the sound insulation air layer (11) and heats the air in the sound insulation air layer, the intensity of the shock wave entering the second small expansion chamber (10) is further attenuated, and simultaneously, the first interlayer (18.1) and the second interlayer (22) respectively absorb the heat in the first expansion chamber (17) and the second expansion chamber (19) under the action of heat conduction, and the heat is transferred to the air in the transition heat exchange cavity (18), meanwhile, part of vibration sound wave energy in the first expansion chamber (17) and the second expansion chamber (19) is also partially transferred to the air in the transition heat exchange cavity (18), and then part of vibration sound wave energy is converted into the internal energy of the transition heat exchange cavity (18); because the shock wave in the second small expansion chamber (10) is already attenuated to a certain degree, the shock wave in the second small expansion chamber (10) has smaller fluid resistance when entering the second expansion chamber pipe (28) through a plurality of air inlet holes (23) and net groups along with the smoke, then is led out of a plurality of air outlet holes (14) to a third small expansion chamber (12), and is subjected to resistive noise elimination through two hole net structures, the shock wave in the third small expansion chamber (12) is further attenuated, and then the shock wave in the third small expansion chamber (12) finally passes through a fourth small expansion chamber (29.1) and then is discharged from a first section of silencer exhaust pipe (31);
the shock wave guided out from the first section of the silencer exhaust pipe (31) enters the smoke dispersing cover (61), the sound wave is weakened again by the mesh resistance silencing effect of the smoke dispersing cover (61), the silencing preheating chamber (56) is also equivalent to a sound wave expansion chamber, the sound wave entering the silencing preheating chamber (56) is attenuated for the last time, meanwhile, the tail gas overflowing from each smoke leakage mesh hole (60) on the smoke dispersing cover (61) is uniformly sprayed to the spiral heat exchange tube (58) and continuously heats the spiral heat exchange tube (58), meanwhile, the spiral heat exchange tube (58) also absorbs the oscillation energy in the silencing preheating chamber (56) correspondingly and converts the oscillation energy into the internal energy of the spiral heat exchange tube (58), meanwhile, the high-temperature tail gas in the silencing preheating chamber (56) transfers the heat in the flue gas to the spiral heat exchange tube (58) again in a heat conduction mode, and then the air in the spiral heat exchange tube (58) is heated; finally, the sound waves and the tail gas are discharged out of the outside from the exhaust pipe (67) of the second section of the silencer.
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| CN112392581A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-02-23 | 西南大学 | Air inlet and exhaust device of plateau internal combustion generator set |
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