CN108560512B - Pressure regulating chamber with flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance - Google Patents
Pressure regulating chamber with flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108560512B CN108560512B CN201810366017.7A CN201810366017A CN108560512B CN 108560512 B CN108560512 B CN 108560512B CN 201810366017 A CN201810366017 A CN 201810366017A CN 108560512 B CN108560512 B CN 108560512B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B9/00—Water-power plants; Layout, construction or equipment, methods of, or apparatus for, making same
- E02B9/02—Water-ways
- E02B9/06—Pressure galleries or pressure conduits; Galleries specially adapted to house pressure conduits; Means specially adapted for use therewith, e.g. housings, valves, gates
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a pressure regulating chamber with a flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance, which consists of a water guide channel, a pressure relief field, a main chamber, an exhaust hole, a retaining ring, a support, a lower impeller, an upper impeller, a bearing, a rotating shaft and blades, wherein the sectional area of the pressure relief field is 16 times of that of the water guide channel, the pressure relief field has a flexible interface relative to the water guide channel as if the pressure relief field is a water guide channel with the same diameter, high-pressure water hammer waves enter the pressure relief field from the water guide channel with a downstream rigid interface, the section is suddenly expanded, the interface is suddenly changed from rigid to flexible, the water cross section is suddenly expanded by 16 times, the water hammer energy is greatly absorbed, and the pressure of the water hammer entering the upstream water guide channel; the lower impeller and the upper impeller are driven by high-pressure water to rotate, so that energy can be consumed; the water passing area of the lower impeller and the upper impeller is only 8% of the horizontal cross section area of the main chamber, and the impellers play a role in impedance and continue energy dissipation; the pressure-relief field has the energy-dissipating effect of the rupture membrane, and the lower impeller and the upper impeller have the rigid impedance structural effect and can dissipate energy in the rotating process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, and particularly relates to a pressure regulating chamber with a flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance.
Background
In the process of load adjustment of starting and stopping of the hydraulic turbine set of the hydropower station, particularly under the condition of sudden load shedding in an accident, the pressure intensity of a pipeline of a water delivery system fluctuates greatly along with the inertia effect of water flow of the water delivery system, and the longer the pipeline of the water delivery system is, the larger the pressure intensity fluctuation is, namely, the so-called water hammer phenomenon occurs; therefore, in the design of a long water transmission system hydropower station, in order to enable the pressure fluctuation amplitude of a pressure pipeline to meet the safety requirement of the hydropower station, a pressure regulating chamber is usually arranged; the downstream pressure regulating chamber is a flat pressure building which can cause the reflection of the water hammer wave and is built at the joint of the pressure water guide channel of the hydropower station and the high-pressure pipeline, and can prevent the water hammer wave from being transmitted to the pressure water guide channel, reduce the water hammer value in the high-pressure pipeline and improve the operation condition of the unit; the conventional surge chambers have respective advantages and disadvantages such as simple type, impedance type, double chamber type, differential type, air cushion type, overflow type and the like; the 'water hammer rupture membrane' is characterized in that a diaphragm which can be ruptured after being pressed is arranged at the weakest part of a pressure pipeline, when the pressure pipeline is pressed by a water hammer, the diaphragm is ruptured to discharge, so that the increase of the pressure of the water hammer is limited, and the water hammer rupture membrane has the defects that the water hammer rupture membrane needs to be replaced again after being ruptured and the influence of the discharge needs to be considered; the water level fluctuation amplitude attenuation speed of the surge chambers in various forms still does not achieve the ideal effect, and the power generation efficiency is influenced; the reason is that the conventional surge chamber is designed by considering that: the smaller the area of the impedance orifice is, the smaller the fluctuation amplitude of the water level is, and the smaller the area of the impedance orifice is, the larger the water hammer pressure is, so that a designer wants the water hammer pressure to be small, and simultaneously wants the water level fluctuation amplitude of the pressure regulating chamber to be small, and the circulation is always performed to solve the contradiction, and no major breakthrough can be made.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a pressure regulating chamber with a flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance, which consists of a water guide channel, a pressure relief field, a main chamber, an exhaust hole, a return blocking ring, a support, a lower impeller, an upper impeller, a bearing, a rotating shaft and blades, wherein the water guide channel, the pressure relief field, the main chamber and the exhaust hole are communicated, the return blocking ring is poured by concrete, and the return blocking ring is fixedly arranged at the upstream connection part of the water guide channel and the pressure relief field; one end of the support is fixedly arranged with the bearing, the other end of the support is fixedly arranged with the inner wall of the main chamber, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly arranged with the upper impeller, and the lower end of the rotating shaft is fixedly arranged with the lower impeller; the water passing area of the lower impeller and the upper impeller is 8 percent of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the main chamber.
Furthermore, the diameter of the pressure-relief field is 4 times of the diameter of the water conduit, namely the cross-sectional area of the pressure-relief field is 16 times of that of the water conduit; the length of the pressure-eliminating field is 5 times of the diameter of the water guide channel.
Furthermore, the diameter of the main chamber is 2 times of the diameter of the water channel, namely the cross section area of the main chamber is 4 times of the cross section area of the water channel.
The pressure regulating chamber with the flexible sudden expansion interface and the dynamic impedance has the advantages that: because the cross section area of the pressure relief field is 16 times of that of the water diversion channel, the diameter of the pressure relief field is relative to that of the water diversion channel, the water diversion channel with the same diameter has a flexible interface, the peak pressure of the high-pressure water hammer wave enters the pressure relief field from the water diversion channel with the downstream rigid interface, the section is suddenly enlarged, the interface is suddenly changed from rigid to flexible, the water passing section is suddenly enlarged by 16 times, the water hammer energy is greatly absorbed, the peak pressure of the water hammer is suddenly reduced, and when the water hammer wave enters the upstream water diversion channel again, the pressure is very small and is only about 1/16 of the original pressure value; the lower impeller and the upper impeller are driven to rotate by water flow entering the main chamber from the pressure-eliminating field, so that energy can be further consumed; the water passing area of the lower impeller and the upper impeller is only 8% of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the main chamber, the impellers play a role of dynamic impedance, compared with rigid static impedance, the dynamic impedance of the impellers and the water body in the main chamber are full-section disturbance under the condition that the flow of water passing through the dynamic impedance of the impellers is not changed, and the anti-energy dissipation effect is better; the pressure-equalizing chamber pressure-eliminating field is suddenly changed from a rigid interface to a flexible interface, so that the pressure-equalizing chamber has a burst membrane energy-eliminating effect, and the dynamic impedance formed by the lower impeller and the upper impeller has an effect exceeding a rigid static impedance structure, so that the amplitude of water hammer waves can be reduced, and the energy-eliminating effect is achieved; the pressure regulating chamber with the flexible sudden expansion interface and the dynamic impedance can greatly reduce the water hammer wave amplitude of the pressure regulating chamber and increase the pressure intensity attenuation speed of the water hammer.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a surge chamber arrangement with a flexible dump-expansion interface and dynamic impedance;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the pressure chamber;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view B-B;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line C-C;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the support in relation to the main chamber walls;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a blade.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the pressure regulating chamber with flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance of the present invention is composed of a water conduit 1, a pressure-relief field 2, a main chamber 3, an exhaust hole 4, a retaining ring 5, a support 6, a lower impeller 7, an upper impeller 8, a bearing 9, a rotating shaft 10 and a blade 11, wherein the water conduit 1, the pressure-relief field 2, the main chamber 3 and the exhaust hole 4 are communicated, and the pressure regulating chamber is set as a downstream pressure regulating chamber, such that an optimal effect is achieved; the return blocking ring 5 is poured by concrete, and the return blocking ring 5 is fixedly arranged at the joint of the water guide channel 1 and the upstream of the pressure relieving field 2 and can prevent the pressure of a water hammer in the pressure relieving field 2 from being converged to the upstream water guide channel 1; one end of a support 6 is fixedly arranged with a bearing 9, the other end of the support 6 is fixedly arranged with the inner wall of the main chamber 3, the upper end of a rotating shaft 10 is fixedly arranged with an upper impeller 8, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 10 is fixedly arranged with a lower impeller 7; the water passing area of the lower impeller 7 and the upper impeller 8 is 8% of the horizontal cross section area of the main chamber 3, the water passing area can be realized by adjusting the angle of the blades 11 and the horizontal projection overlapping area between the blades 11, the water passing area of the lower impeller 7 and the upper impeller 8 is 8% of the horizontal cross section area of the main chamber 3, the water passing area of the lower impeller 7 and the upper impeller 8 is 32% of the cross section area of the water guide channel 1, and the requirement that the impedance orifice area cannot be smaller than 15% of the water guide channel area at the bottom of the pressure regulating chamber according to the design specification of the hydropower station pressure regulating chamber is.
The diameter of the pressure-relief field 2 is 4 times of the diameter of the water guide channel 1, namely the cross-sectional area of the pressure-relief field 2 is 16 times of the cross-sectional area of the water guide channel 1, in the range of the pressure-relief field 2, if the diameter of the water guide channel 1 is not changed, the pressure-relief field 2 becomes a flexible boundary, the effect of a rupture membrane is achieved, water hammer waves enter the flexible interface in the range of the pressure-relief field 2 from a rigid interface, and the pressure of the water hammer waves is reduced rapidly; if the visual water guide channel 1 transmits the pressure intensity along the full section of the decompression field 2 within the range of the decompression field 2, the water hammer wave pressure intensity is only about 1/16 of the original pressure intensity value, and the peak pressure intensity of the water hammer enters the upstream water guide channel very slightly; the length of the pressure-relieving field 2 is 5 times of the diameter of the water guide channel 1, so that enough water bodies in the pressure-relieving field 2 can absorb water hammer energy, if the cross section of the pressure-relieving field 2 is not suddenly expanded or has insufficient length, the effect of increasing the pressure attenuation speed of the water hammer can not be achieved, pressure-regulating chambers used in the prior art are generally communicated with the water guide channel by using connecting pipes, the diameter of each connecting pipe is far smaller than that of the water guide channel, and the diameter of each connecting pipe is larger than that of a Chinese patent CN 102337752B water pipe equal-diameter standard pressure-regulating well (CN 201738377U water pipe equal-diameter standard pressure-regulating well), and is only the same as that of the; the diameter of the main chamber 3 is 2 times of the diameter of the water guide channel 1, namely the cross section area of the main chamber 3 is 4 times of the cross section area of the water guide channel 1.
When the pressure regulating chamber with the flexible sudden expansion interface and the dynamic impedance is used, water hammer waves generated by the system can be propagated upstream in the load regulation process of starting and stopping of a hydropower station hydraulic unit, particularly under the condition of sudden load shedding in an accident; after reaching the decompression field, the cross section of the water flow is suddenly expanded by 16 times, the interface is suddenly changed from rigid to flexible, the energy of the water hammer is greatly absorbed, and the peak pressure of the water hammer enters the upstream water guide channel and is very small and is only about 1/16 of the original pressure value; the water flow entering the main chamber drives the lower impeller and the upper impeller to rotate, so that energy can be further consumed; the water passing area of the lower impeller and the upper impeller is only 8% of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the main chamber, the impellers play a role of dynamic impedance to continue energy dissipation, compared with rigid static impedance, the dynamic impedance of the impellers and the water body of the main chamber are in full-section disturbance under the condition that the flow of water passing through the dynamic impedance of the impellers is not changed, and the energy dissipation effect is better; the water passing areas of the lower impeller and the upper impeller are small, so that the water hammer wave amplitude of the pressure regulating chamber can be greatly reduced, and the attenuation speed of the pressure regulating chamber is increased.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a surge-chamber with flexible sudden expansion interface and move impedance, comprises water conduit (1), pressure field (2), main chamber (3), exhaust hole (4), fender return ring (5), support (6), lower impeller (7), upper impeller (8), bearing (9), pivot (10), blade (11), its characterized in that: the water guide channel (1), the pressure-relieving field (2), the main chamber (3) and the exhaust holes (4) are communicated, the return-blocking ring (5) is poured by concrete, and the return-blocking ring (5) is fixedly arranged at the connection part of the water guide channel (1) and the upstream of the pressure-relieving field (2); one end of a support (6) is fixedly arranged with a bearing (9), the other end of the support (6) is fixedly arranged with the inner wall of the main chamber (3), the upper end of a rotating shaft (10) is fixedly arranged with an upper impeller (8), and the lower end of the rotating shaft (10) is fixedly arranged with a lower impeller (7); the water passing area of the lower impeller (7) and the upper impeller (8) is 8 percent of the horizontal cross-sectional area of the main chamber (3); the diameter of the pressure-relief field (2) is 4 times of that of the water conduit (1), namely the cross-sectional area of the pressure-relief field (2) is 16 times of that of the water conduit (1); the length of the pressure-relief field (2) is 5 times of the diameter of the water conduit (1); the diameter of the main chamber (3) is 2 times of the diameter of the water guide (1), namely the cross section area of the main chamber (3) is 4 times of the cross section area of the water guide (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810366017.7A CN108560512B (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2018-04-23 | Pressure regulating chamber with flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810366017.7A CN108560512B (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2018-04-23 | Pressure regulating chamber with flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN108560512A CN108560512A (en) | 2018-09-21 |
| CN108560512B true CN108560512B (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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| CN201810366017.7A Active CN108560512B (en) | 2018-04-23 | 2018-04-23 | Pressure regulating chamber with flexible sudden expansion interface and dynamic impedance |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109763465B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2020-07-24 | 河南省水利第二工程局 | Pressure regulating device for pressure pipeline of hydropower station |
| CN110219288B (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2023-12-12 | 河南郑大水利科技有限公司 | Double-impedance type pressure regulating chamber |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2000336635A (en) * | 1999-06-01 | 2000-12-05 | Kamita Sogo Setsubi Kk | Jet type hydraulic turbine for pressure line and power generating method using the turbine |
| CN201099853Y (en) * | 2007-08-17 | 2008-08-13 | 吴昊 | Complex impedance type hydraulic power plant surge-chamber structure |
| CN106121893B (en) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-08-21 | 河海大学 | A kind of impeller system absorbing water energy |
| CN106638534B (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-08-31 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | A kind of Waterpower type ship elevator valve system optimum design method having resistance to shock |
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