CN108560436B - Microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on piezoelectric effect - Google Patents
Microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on piezoelectric effect Download PDFInfo
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- CN108560436B CN108560436B CN201810398128.6A CN201810398128A CN108560436B CN 108560436 B CN108560436 B CN 108560436B CN 201810398128 A CN201810398128 A CN 201810398128A CN 108560436 B CN108560436 B CN 108560436B
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- deceleration strip
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- speed bump
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01F—ADDITIONAL WORK, SUCH AS EQUIPPING ROADS OR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PLATFORMS, HELICOPTER LANDING STAGES, SIGNS, SNOW FENCES, OR THE LIKE
- E01F9/00—Arrangement of road signs or traffic signals; Arrangements for enforcing caution
- E01F9/50—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users
- E01F9/529—Road surface markings; Kerbs or road edgings, specially adapted for alerting road users specially adapted for signalling by sound or vibrations, e.g. rumble strips; specially adapted for enforcing reduced speed, e.g. speed bumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
- H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators
- H02N2/186—Vibration harvesters
Abstract
The invention provides a microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on a piezoelectric effect, which comprises a deceleration strip body, a microstructure filling part, a high-strength rubber block, a cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator and an energy capturing circuit, wherein the microstructure filling part is arranged on the deceleration strip body; the section of the speed bump body is trapezoidal, and a microstructure filling part, a high-strength rubber block, a cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator and an energy capturing circuit are arranged inside the speed bump body; the microstructure filling part is composed of X-shaped concave microstructure cells arranged in a three-dimensional lattice manner; the high-strength rubber block is arranged on the slope surface of the speed bump body and used for fixing the speed bump, the ground and the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator; the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator comprises a middle elastic polar plate, piezoelectric sheets on two sides and a front end concentrated mass block, wherein the piezoelectric sheets are connected on the middle elastic polar plate to form a double-crystal piezoelectric structure and are connected in parallel through a lead; in practical application, a plurality of cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators with the same structure are uniformly distributed in the length direction of the deceleration strip at intervals and are connected in parallel; the energy capturing circuit is embedded in the high-strength rubber block.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of road traffic safety facilities, and particularly relates to a microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on a piezoelectric effect.
Background
The speed reducing belt is a novel special traffic safety device which slightly protrudes from the road surface to realize vehicle speed reduction, and is generally arranged on road sections which need vehicle speed reduction and are easy to cause traffic accidents, such as a highway toll station, a school, a residential district, an industrial and mining enterprise entrance and the like. Along with the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the automobile holding capacity is continuously improved, the traffic safety problem is more and more serious, and the occurrence of accidents at each traffic road junction is reduced to a great extent due to the deceleration strip.
Existing speed bumps, including cement bosses, steel and rubber forms, although widely used worldwide and effective in reducing the speed of vehicles, are prone to the following problems: when the vehicle passes through the deceleration strip, noise pollution is generated due to the blocking effect, and the life quality of areas such as a community, a school and the like is greatly influenced; when a vehicle passes through the speed bump at a high speed, the vehicle jolts, the riding comfort is reduced, more seriously, the collision between the speed bump and the vehicle can cause damage to components such as a vehicle suspension frame and the like in the past, the vehicle is slightly hung and internally damaged, the four wheels are positioned and deviated, and the tire is directly damaged or even blown out. Many prior arts try to improve the deceleration performance through geometric parameter design, the vehicle bump degree is reduced through the design of a related mechanical structure of the deceleration strip, and the riding comfort is improved, the document with the patent publication number of 201711271731.X of China discloses a novel one-way deceleration strip convenient for vibration reduction, one side of the deceleration strip is connected with an installation plate through a rotating shaft, a T-shaped sliding block in sliding fit with a T-shaped sliding groove is arranged at the upper end of a supporting rod, a spring is arranged at the lower end of the supporting rod, and the other end of the spring is connected with a seat plate arranged at the bottom of the installation groove. However, since it is required to be arranged underground, the arrangement is cumbersome, and although it can reduce the degree of pitching, noise due to collision and friction cannot be effectively attenuated.
The problem of energy dissipated as the vehicle passes through the speed bump is less of a concern than the sizing of the speed bump. When passing through a deceleration strip, a vehicle undergoes several processes of collision, climbing, descending and landing, during which much energy is wasted due to impacts and changes in the gravitational potential energy of the vehicle. With the increasing requirements on energy conservation and emission reduction, people turn the attention to the energy. The document with the chinese patent publication No. CN105508161A discloses an energy recovery deceleration strip, which realizes energy recovery through a gear transmission mechanical structure. The structure has the problems of complex structure of the gear pair, serious long-term reciprocating loss and low power generation efficiency. There are also related documents that propose ways of generating electricity by hydraulic system and piezoelectric system, but the technical solutions mentioned in the above documents have the problems of too large device, complex structure, underground arrangement, difficult water prevention, etc.
Therefore, how to provide a novel deceleration strip with innovative structure, simple arrangement, effective noise pollution reduction and comfort improvement, and energy recovery functions is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The problems that the structure and underground arrangement are complex, vibration noise cannot be well attenuated, an energy recovery device is large in size and low in efficiency in the prior art are solved. The invention aims to provide a microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on a piezoelectric effect, which reduces vibration noise and improves comfort on the premise of not influencing functions, and energy is recovered by using a high-efficiency piezoelectric recovery mode and is used for peripheral signal lamps or warning devices.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on a piezoelectric effect comprises a deceleration strip body, a microstructure filling component, a high-strength rubber block, a cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator and an energy capturing circuit. The section of the speed bump body is trapezoidal, the speed bump body is composed of an upper surface, a lower surface and a slope surface, the two ends of the speed bump body are symmetrically installed, and a microstructure filling part, a high-strength rubber block, a cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator and an energy capturing circuit are arranged inside the speed bump body; the microstructure filling part is composed of X-shaped concave microstructure cells arranged in a three-dimensional lattice manner and is connected with the upper surface and the lower surface of the speed bump body and part of slope surface; the high-strength rubber block is arranged on the slope surface of the speed bump body, one end of the high-strength rubber block is used for connecting the speed bump and the ground, and the other end of the high-strength rubber block is used for fixing the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator; the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator comprises a middle elastic polar plate, piezoelectric sheets on two sides and a front end concentrated mass block, and is connected with the microstructure filling component through a mounting groove; the piezoelectric sheets are connected to the central elastic polar plate to form a double-crystal piezoelectric structure and are connected in parallel through a lead; in practical application, a plurality of identical structures are uniformly distributed in the length direction of the deceleration strip at intervals, the parallel connection of circuit structures is realized, and the terminals of the circuit structures are connected to an energy capturing circuit through wires arranged in a high-strength rubber block; the energy capturing circuit is embedded in the high-strength rubber block.
Preferably, the surface skin of the speed bump body is made of rubber.
Preferably, the X-shaped concave microstructure cells are uniformly and symmetrically distributed.
Preferably, the microstructure filling component is manufactured by a 3D printing additive manufacturing process.
According to the microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on the piezoelectric effect, when the deceleration strip is actually applied, the slope surface of the deceleration strip is firstly impacted by a wheel, and the slope surface and the high-strength rubber block play roles in reducing the driving speed and attenuating vibration. When the automobile wheel moves forwards continuously, the automobile wheel impacts a microstructure filling part formed by X-shaped concave microstructure cells in the deceleration strip, and the part can vibrate along the vertical direction at low frequency in the elastic range under the impact action, namely the part plays a role in damping vibration. Meanwhile, due to the special X-shaped concave microstructure cells of the part, the space is filled with gaps, and the part has the property similar to a phononic crystal, so that noise generated by impact and friction can be absorbed and attenuated through the diffusion and resonance effects. Under the vibration action of the microstructure filling component, the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator can also vibrate along with the vibration to drive the bicrystal piezoelectric structure formed by the piezoelectric sheets on the two sides to generate current. Meanwhile, in addition to forced vibration, due to the existence of the concentrated mass block at the front end of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator, when external acting force disappears, the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator can freely vibrate to a certain degree under the action of the concentrated mass block, and therefore the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator becomes a second excitation source for generating current of the bimorph piezoelectric structure. Electric energy generated by a double-crystal piezoelectric structure consisting of piezoelectric sheets on two sides is recovered through a high-efficiency energy capturing circuit. When the wheel falls and lands, the working principle of the speed bump is consistent with that of the speed bump due to the trapezoidal symmetrical structure of the speed bump, and the process that the rear wheel passes through the speed bump is also the same.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) By adopting the structure, the speed of the vehicle can be reduced and the vibration can be attenuated through the slope surface, the high-strength rubber block and the micro-structure filling part;
(2) The invention can effectively absorb sound and reduce noise pollution by utilizing the sound absorption characteristic of the microstructure material, and meanwhile, the piezoelectric vibrator connected with the microstructure drives the piezoelectric sheet to generate electric energy through forced vibration and free vibration and is recycled, thereby realizing the energy-saving effect.
(3) The speed reduction belt provided by the invention realizes the integration of speed reduction, vibration reduction, sound absorption and noise reduction and energy recovery functions on the basis of reducing the structural complexity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a deceleration strip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of an X-shaped concave microstructure cell inside a deceleration strip according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a projection view of the X-shaped concave microstructure cell A of FIG. 2;
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a spatial arrangement of X-shaped concave microstructure cells in a deceleration strip according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the front end of the cantilever piezoelectric vibrator at B in FIG. 1 connected to an X-shaped concave microstructure cell according to the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a cantilever piezoelectric vibrator inside a deceleration strip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top view of the middle elastic plate of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator in the schematic structural view of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator in FIG. 6;
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating parallel connection of all cantilever piezoelectric vibrators inside a deceleration strip according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an internal energy capturing circuit of a deceleration strip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The numbers in the figure are respectively: 1. the deceleration strip comprises a working wheel, 2, a deceleration strip body, 3, a microstructure filling part, 4, an expansion bolt mounting hole, 5, a high-strength rubber block, 6, a cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator, 7, a mounting groove, 8, a central elastic polar plate, 9, a concentrated mass block, 10, a piezoelectric sheet, 11 and an energy capturing circuit.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-9: the invention provides a microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on a piezoelectric effect, which comprises a deceleration strip body 2, a microstructure filling part 3, a high-strength rubber block 5, a cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 and an energy recovery circuit 11, wherein the microstructure filling part is arranged on the deceleration strip body; the section of the speed bump body 2 is trapezoidal, the two sides of the speed bump body are symmetrical, the speed bump body is divided into an upper surface, a lower surface and a slope surface, and skins of the upper surface, the lower surface and the slope surface are both made of common rubber with cost advantage; the internal microstructure filling parts 3 of the speed bump body 2 are uniformly filled between the upper surface and the lower surface and are connected with the upper surface and the lower surface and the slope surface in an adhesion mode, so that in order to avoid the influence of the internal microstructure filling parts on the effective vibration of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6, the microstructure filling parts 3 are distributed in a proper sparse mode around the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6.
The microstructure filling part 3 is composed of X-shaped concave microstructure cells arranged in a three-dimensional lattice manner, the X-shaped concave microstructure cells are shown in figure 2, the projection of the direction A of the X-shaped concave microstructure cells is shown in figure 3, and the three-dimensional space arrangement of the X-shaped concave microstructure cells is shown in figure 4.
The microstructure filling part 3 formed by the X-shaped concave microstructure cells has a negative Poisson ratio characteristic, namely, the microstructure filling part is sunken towards the center after being pressed, and the structure is favorable for damping vibration and absorbing sound and reducing noise. Meanwhile, the X-shaped concave microstructure unit cell has a cube-centered cubic structure, and when the X-shaped concave microstructure unit cell is made of materials with different components, the X-shaped concave microstructure unit cell has certain phononic crystal characteristics, and noise is diffused, resonated and attenuated in gaps, so that effective noise reduction is realized. The internal microstructure filling part 3 is made by a 3D printing additive manufacturing technique.
The high-strength rubber block 5 is installed on the slope surface of the speed bump body 2, and an expansion bolt installation hole 4 is formed in the high-strength rubber block and used for installing an expansion bolt, so that the speed bump is fixed with the ground.
The cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 is fixed in the high-strength rubber block 5 and comprises a central elastic polar plate 8, a concentrated mass block 9 and piezoelectric patches 10 on two sides. The piezoelectric sheet 10 is adhered to the upper and lower sides of the central elastic polar plate 8 by conductive glue to form a bimorph piezoelectric structure, and the concentrated mass block 9 is fixed at the front end of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6. The whole cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 is connected with the microstructure component 3 through the mounting groove 7 to form integral vibration, so that the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator becomes a first excitation source of vibration of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator, specifically, the front end of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 is connected with the X-shaped concave microstructure cells through the mounting groove 7, as shown in fig. 5, and fig. 5 is a local enlargement at the B mark in fig. 1.
The piezoelectric sheet 10 is rectangular or trapezoidal, and a PZT/PVDF composite material is selected, so that the defects of high brittleness and poor fatigue durability of a piezoelectric ceramic material are overcome, and the piezoelectric sheet has a cost advantage. In order to increase the magnitude of the output strain of the piezoelectric sheet 10 and improve the power generation efficiency, it should be attached as close as possible to the fixed end of the cantilever piezoelectric vibrator 6.
Wherein, the central elastic polar plate 8 is a trapezoid beam with equal strength, and the shape is shown in fig. 7. The constant-strength beam is a beam structure which adopts a larger section at a position with larger stress and adopts a smaller section at a position with smaller stress. The maximum stress on each cross section of the variable cross-section beam is equal and equal to the allowable stress. The high-voltage electric sheet can save materials and improve the strain of the high-voltage electric sheet to a certain extent, so that the power generation performance of the high-voltage electric sheet is improved.
The concentrated mass block 9 can enable the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 to generate certain free vibration and serve as a second excitation source for vibration power generation. And the existence of the concentrated mass block 9 is beneficial to reducing the vibration frequency of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6, so that the vibration frequency is matched with the vibration frequency when the working wheel 1 is impacted, and the piezoelectric sheet 10 is in the optimal power generation working range close to resonance.
The bimorph piezoelectric structures formed by the piezoelectric patches 10 on the two sides of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 are connected in parallel by a lead, as shown in fig. 6. The cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators are uniformly distributed in the length direction of the deceleration strip at intervals, and are finally connected with each other by using conducting wires inserted in the high-strength rubber blocks 5 to form a parallel structure as shown in fig. 8, and the conducting wires are finally connected into the energy capturing circuit 11.
the energy capturing circuit 11 is fixed in the high-strength rubber block 5 and is arranged on one side of the deceleration strip in the length direction, the energy capturing circuit 11 adopts a low-power consumption chip L TC3588-1 of a vibration energy recovery circuit, adopts an integrated low-loss full-wave bridge rectifier, has a working range of 2.7V-20V input voltage, can well rectify, filter and stabilize the current collected by the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators 6 and output adjustable voltage, and the overall structure of the high-efficiency energy capturing circuit using the chip is shown in figure 9.
The microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on the piezoelectric effect provided by the embodiment of the invention has the working principle in practical application as follows:
When the working wheel 1 passes through the speed bump, firstly the slope surface of the speed bump body 2 and the high-strength rubber block 5 are impacted, and the slope surface and the high-strength rubber block 5 play roles in reducing the driving speed and attenuating the vibration. When the working wheel 1 continues to move forward, the working wheel impacts the microstructure filling part 3 in the speed bump body 2, and the part can vibrate along the vertical direction at low frequency in the elastic range under the impact action, so that the vibration is attenuated. Meanwhile, due to the special X-shaped concave microstructure cellular three-dimensional lattice arrangement of the microstructure filling part 3, the microstructure filling part has a plurality of gaps and has the property similar to a phononic crystal, and noise generated by impact and friction can be absorbed and attenuated through the diffusion and resonance effects. Under the vibration action of the microstructure filling component 3, the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 can also follow the forced vibration to drive the bicrystal piezoelectric structure formed by the piezoelectric sheets 10 to vibrate and generate electricity, besides the forced vibration, when no external force is applied, the concentrated mass block 9 at the front end of the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 can also drive the bicrystal piezoelectric structure formed by the piezoelectric sheets 10 to vibrate freely to become a second excitation source for generating current. The bimorph piezoelectric structure that piezoelectric patches 10 on cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator 6 are constituteed passes through wire parallel connection, and a plurality of cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrators also adopt the parallel connection mode, and the electric current of finally producing is carried to the high-efficient energy capture circuit 11 of deceleration strip length direction one side embedded in the rubber piece 5 that excels in through the wire of embedded in the rubber piece 5 that excels in to be saved and be applied to signal lamp, warning device's power supply on every side. When the working wheel 1 falls and lands along the speed bump body 2, the working principle of the speed bump body 2 is consistent with that of the speed bump due to the trapezoidal symmetrical structure of the speed bump body, and the process that the rear wheel passes through the speed bump is also the same.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a micro-structure energy recuperation deceleration strip based on piezoelectric effect which characterized in that: the deceleration strip comprises a deceleration strip body, a microstructure filling part, a high-strength rubber block, a cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator and an energy capturing circuit; the section of the speed bump body is trapezoidal, and a microstructure filling part, a high-strength rubber block, a cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator and an energy capturing circuit are arranged inside the speed bump body; the microstructure filling part is composed of X-shaped concave microstructure cells arranged in a three-dimensional lattice manner; the high-strength rubber block is arranged on the slope surface of the speed bump body and used for fixing the speed bump, the ground and the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator; the cantilever beam piezoelectric vibrator comprises a middle elastic polar plate, piezoelectric sheets on two sides and a front end concentrated mass block, wherein the piezoelectric sheets are connected to the middle elastic polar plate to form a double-crystal piezoelectric structure and are connected in parallel through a lead; in practical application, a plurality of identical structures are uniformly distributed in the length direction of the deceleration strip at intervals and are connected in parallel; the energy capturing circuit is embedded in the high-strength rubber block.
2. The microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on the piezoelectric effect is characterized in that: the surface skin of the speed bump body is made of rubber.
3. The microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on the piezoelectric effect is characterized in that: the X-shaped concave microstructure cells are uniformly and symmetrically distributed.
4. The microstructure energy recovery deceleration strip based on the piezoelectric effect is characterized in that: the microstructure filling component is manufactured by a 3D printing additive manufacturing process.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100138025A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-31 | 이용문 | Overspeed prevention projection structure with electric power generation and light emitting function |
| KR101305208B1 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-09-12 | (주) 센불 | Speed bump of using vibration type piezoelectric module |
| CN106368136A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏大学 | Piezoelectric type deceleration strip energy recovery device |
| CN106838082A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-13 | 广州智能装备研究院有限公司 | A kind of buffering energy-absorbing structure |
| CN107542823A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-01-05 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of pressure buffer structure |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20100138025A (en) * | 2009-06-24 | 2010-12-31 | 이용문 | Overspeed prevention projection structure with electric power generation and light emitting function |
| KR101305208B1 (en) * | 2011-09-02 | 2013-09-12 | (주) 센불 | Speed bump of using vibration type piezoelectric module |
| CN106368136A (en) * | 2016-10-08 | 2017-02-01 | 江苏大学 | Piezoelectric type deceleration strip energy recovery device |
| CN106838082A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-06-13 | 广州智能装备研究院有限公司 | A kind of buffering energy-absorbing structure |
| CN107542823A (en) * | 2017-07-19 | 2018-01-05 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of pressure buffer structure |
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Granted publication date: 20200717 Termination date: 20210428 |