CN108559024A - A kind of palladium ion imprinted polymer and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of palladium ion imprinted polymer and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108559024A CN108559024A CN201810237888.9A CN201810237888A CN108559024A CN 108559024 A CN108559024 A CN 108559024A CN 201810237888 A CN201810237888 A CN 201810237888A CN 108559024 A CN108559024 A CN 108559024A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- B01J20/268—Polymers created by use of a template, e.g. molecularly imprinted polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F222/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof
- C08F222/10—Esters
- C08F222/1006—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols
- C08F222/102—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or polyhydric phenols of dialcohols, e.g. ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate or 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of palladium ion imprinted polymer and preparation method thereof, and the method includes by template palladium ion PdCl4 2‑, function monomer mixed dissolution in methyl alcohol, be placed in oscillating reactions in constant temperature oscillator, form template function monomer complex, add initiator, crosslinking agent, be uniformly mixed；It will be passed through nitrogen in the mixed solution of gained, using precipitation polymerization method, obtains the ion imprinted polymer with template ion；Remove initiator, crosslinking agent and unreacted function monomer；Obtained sample is subjected to centrifugal treating, abandons supernatant, obtained polymer is put into vacuum drying chamber and is dried to get to palladium ion imprinted polymer.Palladium ion imprinted polymer provided by the invention has high affinity and significantly selectivity to heavy metal palladium, can efficiently separate recycling heavy metal-polluted water containing palladium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water-treatment technology field, more particularly to a kind of palladium ion imprinted polymer and preparation method thereof and right
The adsorption applications of Heavy Metals in Waters palladium.
Background technology
Heavy metal pollution is one of maximum water pollution problems of harm.With the development of the city, palladium (Pd) is because its is unique
Physics and chemical property especially catalytic performance, are widely used in plated material, catalyst, dental alloy, brazing alloy etc..With
The application range that palladium in every field constantly expands, and concentration in the environment constantly increases, and the discharging of waste liquid containing palladium arrives
In environment high risks can be caused to environment and human health；And palladium itself has recovery value, disorderly as a kind of noble metal
Row will also result in the serious wasting of resources.
Such waste water containing heavy metal is handled and repaired currently, people mostly use separation and concentration technology.Commonly
Method for separating and concentrating has the micro- extraction method of ion-exchange, coprecipitation, solid phase extraction, liquid-liquid extraction method, liquid liquid, cloud point extraction
Deng.The research of separation and concentration about palladium has very much, and Solid Phase Extraction absorption method is in numerous methods using relatively wide, common suction
Attached dose of such as activated carbon, polymeric membrane, but Selective adsorption is not had to the absorption of special metal ion.
The preparation research of palladium ion imprinted polymer is relatively fewer at present, also lacks about its isothermal adsorption performance and to each
The absorption of the selectivity of heavy metal species is studied.Therefore, the palladium separation material with high selection adsorptivity is prepared, to giving up from containing palladium
The separation and Extraction palladium of efficient quick is of great significance in liquid.
Invention content
In view of the above problems, patent purpose of the present invention is to devise a kind of palladium ion imprinted polymer and its preparation side
Method, the palladium ion imprinted polymer have high affinity and significantly selectivity to heavy metal palladium, can efficiently separate recycling and contain
There is the heavy metal-polluted water of palladium.
The specific technical solution of the present invention is as follows：The present invention ion imprinted polymer include template ion, function monomer,
Crosslinking agent and initiator, the template ion be palladium ion, function monomer be 4-vinylpridine, 2- allyl sulfenyl niacin or
2- acetamidoacrylic acids, crosslinking agent are ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and initiator is azodiisobutyronitrile.
A kind of preparation method of palladium ion imprinted polymer, includes the following steps：
Step A, by template palladium ion PdCl4 2-, function monomer mixed dissolution in methyl alcohol, be placed in constant temperature oscillator and shake
Reaction is swung, template function monomer complex is formed, adds initiator, crosslinking agent, is uniformly mixed；Wherein, the function monomer
For 4-vinylpridine, 2- allyl sulfenyl niacin or 2- acetamidoacrylic acids, the initiator is azodiisobutyronitrile, described
Crosslinking agent is ethylene glycol dimethacrylate；
Step B, will be passed through nitrogen in the mixed solution obtained by step A, fast sealing uses under nitrogen protection
Precipitation polymerization method is placed in water bath with thermostatic control and carries out polymerisation, obtains the ion imprinted polymer with template ion；
Step C, with the ion imprinted polymer obtained in methanol, water cleaning step B, with remove initiator, crosslinking agent and
Then unreacted function monomer elutes polymer with hydrochloric acid, then the pH value washed repeatedly to supernatant with deionized water is in
It is neutral；
Step D, the sample that step C is obtained carry out centrifugal treating, abandon supernatant, obtained polymer, which is put into vacuum, to be done
It is dried to get to palladium ion imprinted polymer in dry case.
Specifically, template palladium ion PdCl of the present invention4 2-, function monomer, crosslinking agent molar ratio be 1: 1~6: 10
~60；The dosage of the initiator is the 5% of the sum of mole of the function monomer and crosslinking agent.
Specifically, polymeric reaction temperature is 60 DEG C in step B of the present invention, polymerization reaction time is for 24 hours.
Specifically, the volume ratio 1: 4 in step C of the present invention for the first alcohol and water of cleaning.
Invention further provides the palladium ion imprinted polymers being prepared by the above method.
The present invention also provides the palladium ion imprinted polymers in polluted-water of the separation and recovery containing palladium heavy metal
In application.
The palladium ion imprinted polymer preparation method of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the existing technology：
(1) palladium ion imprinted polymer prepared by the present invention is used to extract the ion imprinted polymer selectivity of separate palladium
By force, heavy metal-polluted water containing palladium can be separated and recovered using the material.
(2) palladium ion imprinted polymer prepared by the present invention is used to separate and recover the print of heavy metal-polluted water containing palladium
Mark polymer production is at low cost, and eluent dosage is few；Adsorption test can be carried out in water phase, extract Recover palladium.
(3) ion imprinted polymer for extracting Recover palladium of the invention can after extracting separate palladium in applied to water phase
Regeneration, and its regeneration method is simple, good environmental protection.
Description of the drawings
Embodiments of the present invention is further illustrated referring to the drawings, wherein：
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the preparation method of palladium ion imprinted polymer of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow diagram of the preparation method of palladium ion imprinted polymer of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of palladium ion imprinted polymer and non-imprinted polymer in the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 4 is more metal competition absorption figures in the embodiment of the present invention four.
Specific implementation mode
The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention proposes a kind of ion imprinted polymer, including template ion, function monomer, crosslinking agent and initiator,
The template ion is palladium ion PdCl4 2-Under acid condition, the principal mode of Pd (II).The function monomer is 4- second
Alkenyl pyridine (4-VP), 2- allyl sulfenyl niacin (ANA) or 2- acetamidoacrylic acids (AAA), chemical structural formula is as follows：
The crosslinking agent is ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA)；The initiator is azodiisobutyronitrile
(AIBN)。
Compared to other adsorbents, the ion imprinted polymer (IIP) with high selection adsorptivity is in the specific gold of separation and concentration
Belong to ions to have a wide range of applications.Ion imprinted polymer is prepared using a certain specific object ion as template
There is the process of specific selectivity polymer to the object ion.Function monomer with complementary structure is passed through covalent or non-total
The mode of valence is combined with template ion, and appropriate initiator, crosslinking agent is added, is polymerize by thermal initiation or light-initiated mode
Reaction, washes away template ion, obtaining one kind has fixed hole size and shape and have determining arrangement after reaction using organic solvent
The cross-linked polymer of functional group.In preparation process, the function monomer of different functional groups is carried, passes through ion with template ion
The effects that key, coordinate bond, forms polymer, the stability of the chelate is determined with the power of ionization, and the two is mutual
Effect is stronger, and being formed by polymer will be stronger to the adsorption capacity of object ion, and then the influence to absorption property is also
It is bigger, it is therefore, particularly important to the screening of function monomer, use function monomer for 4-vinylpridine, 2- allyls in the present invention
Sulfenyl niacin or 2- acetamidoacrylic acids, are formed by that polymer is strong to the adsorption capacity of target palladium ion, and effect is good.
Specifically, a kind of preparation method of palladium ion imprinted polymer of the present invention, please refers to Fig. 1-Fig. 2, including as follows
Step：
Step A, by template palladium ion PdCl4 2-, function monomer mixed dissolution in methyl alcohol, be placed in constant temperature oscillator and shake
Reaction is swung, template function monomer complex is formed, adds initiator, crosslinking agent, is uniformly mixed；Wherein, the function monomer
For 4-vinylpridine, 2- allyl sulfenyl niacin or 2- acetamidoacrylic acids, the initiator is azodiisobutyronitrile, described
Crosslinking agent is ethylene glycol dimethacrylate.
Step B, will be passed through nitrogen in the mixed solution obtained by step A, fast sealing uses under nitrogen protection
Precipitation polymerization method is placed in water bath with thermostatic control and carries out polymerisation, obtains the ion imprinted polymer with template ion.
Specifically, being passed through nitrogen 10min, fast sealing；Polymeric reaction temperature is 60 DEG C, and polymerization reaction time is for 24 hours.
Step C, with the ion imprinted polymer obtained in methanol, water cleaning step B, with remove initiator, crosslinking agent and
Then unreacted function monomer elutes polymer with hydrochloric acid, then the pH value washed repeatedly to supernatant with deionized water is in
It is neutral.
Specifically, after polymerisation, for several times with first alcohol and water cleaning cleaning polyalcohol, the volume ratio 1: 4 of first alcohol and water, with
Pore-foaming agent, initiator, unreacted function monomer etc. are effectively removed, then polymer is eluted for 24 hours with HCl, until eluent
In can't detect palladium ion PdCl4 2-, then the pH washed repeatedly to supernatant with deionized water is in neutrality.
Step D, the sample that step C is obtained carry out centrifugal treating, abandon supernatant, obtained polymer, which is put into vacuum, to be done
It is dried to get to palladium ion imprinted polymer in dry case.
Specifically, gained sample is centrifuged 15min with the rotating speed of 5000r/min at 25 DEG C, supernatant is abandoned, by polymer
Dry 48h is put into vacuum drying chamber at 60 DEG C to get to palladium ion imprinted polymer (IIP).
Specifically, template palladium ion PdCl of the present invention4 2-, function monomer, crosslinking agent molar ratio be 1: 1~6: 10
~60；The dosage of the initiator is the 5% of the sum of mole of the function monomer and crosslinking agent.Crosslinking agent is ethylene glycol two
Methacrylate, initiator are azodiisobutyronitrile.The effect of crosslinking agent is the building-up process in palladium ion imprinted polymer
In make function monomer and template ion react it is made to be fixed on the specific position around template ion, to form crosslinking
Degree and the very strong space network polymer of rigidity, crosslinking agent and initiator are used in conjunction with each other.Therefore, the number of dosage of crosslinking agent
The structure of the palladium ion imprinted polymer of synthesis will be influenced, and then influences its absorption property.The crosslinking agent of the present invention and initiation
The dosage component ratio of agent directly influences the absorption property of prepared palladium ion imprinted polymer.
Invention further provides the palladium ion imprinted polymers being prepared by the above method.
The present invention also provides the palladium ion imprinted polymers in polluted-water of the separation and recovery containing palladium heavy metal
In application.
Embodiment one：
Weigh 32.64mg K2PdCl4, it is placed in the centrifuge tube equipped with 20mL methanol, the 4- second of 42.06mg is added thereto
Alkenyl pyridine is placed in constant temperature oscillator (180rpm, 25 DEG C) oscillating reactions 3h, waits for palladium ion PdCl4 2-It is abundant with function monomer
After reaction, the initiator azodiisobutyronitrile of 75.3mL crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylates EGDMA and 36.13mg is added
AIBN (its dosage is the 5% of the sum of function monomer and crosslinking agent mole).It after being sufficiently mixed, is transferred in heavy wall pressure bottle, leads to
Nitrogen 10min seals rapidly bottle, then the constant temperature water bath oscillating reactions at 60 DEG C with the oscillation rate of 180rpm under nitrogen protection
For 24 hours, to prevent moisture in water-bath constant temperature oscillator to be evaporated, fixed time intervals is answered to carry out adding water.After heat polymerization, by heavy wall
The polymer synthesized in pressure bottle is transferred in bigbore ground conical flask, and polymerization is cleaned with the first alcohol and water of 1: 4 volume ratio
Object for several times, to remove pore-foaming agent, initiator, unreacted function monomer etc., then with 4 × 50mL volume ratios be 50% HCl
Polymer is eluted for 24 hours, until can't detect palladium ion PdCl4 2-, then washed repeatedly to supernatant pH with deionized water and be in
It is neutral.Gained sample centrifuges 15min with the rotating speed of 5000r/min at 25 DEG C, abandons supernatant, by the centrifuge tube equipped with polymer
Dry 48h is put into vacuum drying chamber at 60 DEG C to get to palladium ion imprinted polymer (IIP-1).
In addition to being not added with template molecule in building-up process, remaining step is all identical with palladium ion imprinted polymer preparation process,
Obtain corresponding non-imprinted polymer (NIP-1).It is the palladium ion imprinted polymer that the embodiment of the present invention one synthesizes to please refer to Fig. 3
With the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of non-imprinted polymer.
Embodiment two：
Weigh 32.64mg K2PdCl4, it is placed in the centrifuge tube equipped with 20mL methanol, the 2- alkene of 78.10mg is added thereto
Rosickyite base niacin ANA is placed in constant temperature oscillator (180rpm, 25 DEG C) oscillating reactions 3h, waits for palladium ion PdCl4 2-With function list
After body fully reacts, the initiator azo two of 75.3mL crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylates EGDMA and 36.13mg is added
Isobutyronitrile AIBN (its dosage is the 5% of the sum of function monomer and crosslinking agent mole).After being sufficiently mixed, it is transferred to heavy wall pressure bottle
In, lead to nitrogen 10min, seals bottle rapidly under nitrogen protection, then constant temperature water bath shakes at 60 DEG C with the oscillation rate of 180rpm
It swings reaction for 24 hours, to prevent moisture in water-bath constant temperature oscillator to be evaporated, fixed time intervals is answered to carry out adding water.After heat polymerization,
The polymer synthesized in heavy wall pressure bottle is transferred in bigbore ground conical flask, is cleaned with 1: 4 vol/vol methanol, water poly-
It closes object for several times, is then 50% with 4 × 50mL volume ratios to remove pore-foaming agent, initiator, unreacted function monomer etc.
HCl elutes for 24 hours polymer, until can't detect palladium ion PdCl4 2-, then washed repeatedly to supernatant with deionized water
PH is in neutrality.Gained sample centrifuges 15min with the rotating speed of 5000r/min at 25 DEG C, abandons supernatant, by equipped with polymer from
Heart pipe is put into vacuum drying chamber at 60 DEG C dry 48h to get to palladium ion imprinted polymer (IIP).
In addition to being not added with template molecule in building-up process, remaining step is all identical with palladium ion imprinted polymer preparation process,
Obtain corresponding non-imprinted polymer (NIP-2).
Embodiment three：
Weigh 32.64mg K2PdCl4, it is placed in the centrifuge tube equipped with 20mL methanol, the 2- second of 51.64mg is added thereto
Acylamino- acrylic acid AAA is placed in constant temperature oscillator (180rpm, 25 DEG C) oscillating reactions 3h, waits for palladium ion PdCl4 2-With function
After monomer fully reacts, 75.3mL crosslinking agent ethylene glycol dimethacrylate EGDMA and 36.13mg initiators azo two is added
Isobutyronitrile AIBN (its dosage is the 5% of the sum of function monomer and crosslinking agent mole).After being sufficiently mixed, it is transferred to heavy wall pressure bottle
In, lead to nitrogen 10min, seals bottle rapidly under nitrogen protection, then constant temperature water bath shakes at 60 DEG C with the oscillation rate of 180rpm
It swings reaction for 24 hours, to prevent moisture in water-bath constant temperature oscillator to be evaporated, fixed time intervals is answered to carry out adding water.After heat polymerization,
The polymer synthesized in heavy wall pressure bottle is transferred in bigbore ground conical flask, is cleaned with the methanol of 1: 4 volume ratio, water
Polymer is then 50% with 4 × 50mL volume ratios to remove pore-foaming agent, initiator, unreacted function monomer etc. for several times
HCl elutes for 24 hours polymer, until can't detect palladium ion PdCl4 2-, then washed repeatedly to supernatant with deionized water
PH is in neutrality.Gained sample centrifuges 15min with the rotating speed of 5000r/min at 25 DEG C, abandons supernatant, by equipped with polymer from
Heart pipe is put into vacuum drying chamber at 60 DEG C dry 48h to get to palladium ion imprinted polymer (IIP-3).
In addition to being not added with template molecule in building-up process, remaining step is all identical with palladium ion imprinted polymer preparation process,
Obtain corresponding non-imprinted polymer (NIP-3).
Example IV：
The ion imprinted polymer IIP-1 synthesized in above-described embodiment one and non-imprinted polymer NIP-1 is taken to carry out as follows
Test experiments.
(1) Staticadsorption experiment：
The ion imprinted polymer described in 10mg is weighed, with 10mL palladium ions PdCl4 2-Solution (c=10mg/L, pH=2)
It mixes, oscillation absorption 5h (180rpm, 25 DEG C) in constant temperature oscillator, centrifugation is filtered with 0.45 μm of filter, takes filtrate, use flame
Aas determination palladium ion PdCl4 2-Concentration, calculate adsorbance.
(2) more metal competition adsorption experiments
The ion imprinted polymer described in 10mg is weighed, it is mixed with Pd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pt of a concentration of 10mg/mL of 10mL
Solution (pH=2) to be marked to mix, oscillation absorption 5h (180rpm, 25 DEG C) in constant temperature oscillator, centrifugation is filtered with 0.45 μm of filter,
Filtrate is taken, measures the concentration of Pd, Cu, Zn, Ni, Pt after 10 times of dilution with ICP-OES, calculates adsorbance.It is mostly golden to please refer to Fig. 4
Belong to competitive Adsorption figure, it can be seen that palladium ion imprinted polymer prepared by the present invention is strong to extraction separate palladium ion selectivity, can
To separate and recover heavy metal-polluted water containing palladium.
The specific implementation mode of present invention described above, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Any basis
The various other corresponding changes and deformation that the technical concept of the present invention is made, should be included in the guarantor of the claims in the present invention
It protects in range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of preparation method of palladium ion imprinted polymer, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
Step A, by template palladium ion PdCl4 2-, function monomer mixed dissolution in methyl alcohol, be placed in constant temperature oscillator vibrate it is anti-
It answers, forms template function monomer complex, add initiator, crosslinking agent, be uniformly mixed；Wherein, the function monomer is 4-
Vinylpyridine, 2- allyl sulfenyl niacin or 2- acetamidoacrylic acids, the initiator are azodiisobutyronitrile, the crosslinking
Agent is ethylene glycol dimethacrylate；
Step B will be passed through nitrogen, fast sealing, under nitrogen protection, using precipitation in the mixed solution obtained by step A
Polymerization is placed in water bath with thermostatic control and carries out polymerisation, obtains the ion imprinted polymer with template ion；
Step C, with the ion imprinted polymer obtained in methanol, water cleaning step B, to remove initiator, crosslinking agent and not anti-
Then the function monomer answered elutes polymer with hydrochloric acid, then the pH value washed repeatedly to supernatant with deionized water is in neutrality；
Step D, the sample that step C is obtained carry out centrifugal treating, abandon supernatant, obtained polymer is put into vacuum drying chamber
Middle drying is to get to palladium ion imprinted polymer.
2. a kind of preparation method of palladium ion imprinted polymer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the template palladium
Ion PdCl4 2-, function monomer, crosslinking agent molar ratio be 1: 1~6: 10~60；The dosage of the initiator is the function
The 5% of the sum of the mole of monomer and crosslinking agent.
3. a kind of preparation method of palladium ion imprinted polymer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step B
Middle polymeric reaction temperature is 60 DEG C, and polymerization reaction time is for 24 hours.
4. a kind of preparation method of palladium ion imprinted polymer according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step C
In for cleaning first alcohol and water volume ratio 1: 4.
5. palladium ion imprinted polymer made from the preparation method according to any one of claim 1-4.
6. palladium ion imprinted polymer is detaching made from a kind of preparation method according to any one of claim 1-4
Recycle the application in the polluted-water containing palladium heavy metal.
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